Essay About Hcs 235 Health Care Utilization Option 1

Essay about Hcs 235 Health Care Utilization Option 1
Health Care Utilization Option 1
University of Phoenix
Health Care Delivery in the United States
HCS 235
January 13, 2013
Health Care Utilization Option 1
Introduction
Health care reform in the United States is a hot topic and the source of legislation meant to make
health care obtainable to Americans. Recent presidential elections have been platforms used to
promote health care reform yet no one can agree on what the resolution will be. This paper will
discuss ways recent health care reform measures have expanded or inhibited access to health care.
This paper will discuss how changes to access may lead to influences in utilization. Concepts of
what universal health care may be and how current care reflects or contrasts ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
1). These factors are both mutable and immutable. The mutable factors are education and income.
The individual or the community can change these factors. The immutable factors are sex, age, and
ethnicity. These factors are not subject to change as they are the finite aspects of an individual.
Health care access in America, the most powerful country in the world should be a rite of citizenship
upon birth. There should be no issue with obtaining access to health care.
Many factors can influence a person's access to health care. Age can influence access to health care
because some physicians will treat only children or only the elderly. Income can influence access to
health care because specialty driven health care usually involves significant out–of–pocket expense
to the patient because some procedures are not covered by health insurance. Location also can be an
influence on access to health care. Many patients do not have transportation because of age,
dependency on family members, health reasons, or financial reasons. According to the Journal of the
National Medical Association, Access to health care can influence the prevalence of chronic disease
risks and cancer screening utilization in many ways (Shavers, Shanker, Alberg, 2002, p. 955). If
patients are not given
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Interest And Ideological Opposition : The American Medical...
INTEREST AND IDEOLOGICAL OPPOSITION:
Across history, interest group and ideological oppositions have created barriers to successfully
passing health reform legislation in the United States. While the problem emerged in the early 1900s
with the decline in social and political conditions, some would argue that the issues initiated during
the progressive era of 1915–1920, or shortly after. Either way, it was not until the Great Depression
that the American Medical Association (AMA) rejected the notion of doctors providing free care to
the poor as a means to reject "socialized medicine." AMA's stance on the provision of health care,
established them as one of the leading organizations opposing National Insurance.
As time progressed, several ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
According to Professor and author Paul Starr, the debate against National Health Insurance was
"intensely ideological" with each side of the argument focusing on the notion of the American ideal.
Using the Affordable Care Act as an example, President Obama stated, "the core principle [is] that
everybody should have some basic security when it comes to their health." The ideological
opposition for this stance was provided by congressional republicans who remarked that the passing
of this policy would be a "major step towards socialism and aggressive government takeover of the
health care system" (Barr, 2011, p. 11).
While historically, the health reform interest group opposition includes components of ideology,
there are other basic US foundations that have contributed to the delay in reform. Some of the basis
of this opposition comes from the differences in the basic principles of the US health care system,
compared to other countries such as Canada. The US health care system is built on a market
commodity, where access to services and overall quality of care is dependent on how many
individuals are able to pay. Historically, the medical profession has maintained power in the delivery
and organization of care, while minimizing the influence of the government. In contrast, Canada has
a public health insurance system, where health is sees a fundamental right that maintains a standard
of health care for all citizens. Their government uses

Comparison and Contrasts of the United States and Canadian...
Comparison and Contrasts of the United States and Canadian Health Care Systems
The National healthcare debate is one that has been a continuing arguing point for the last decade.
The goal is to provide healthcare to all Americans, regardless of whether they are able to afford
insurance or not. In 2009, the U.S. National Health Care Act failed to come to be debated in the
house. This Act would have called for the creation of a universal single–payer health care system.
Under the policies this Act would enact, all medically–necessary medical care decided between
doctor and patient would be paid for automatically and directly by the Government of the United
States. In place of this Act, the compromise was the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Another reason behind universal health care coverage is to ensure that all citizens have to
opportunity to have quality health care. The perception of many Americans will is that the quality of
health care in the United States is by far more superior to that of any country and is threatened by
the possibility of health care reform. Before we look at the quality of both American and Canadian
health care, let us look at what constitutes quality health care. According to the U.S. Agency for
Healthcare Research and Quality: "Quality health care means doing the right thing at the right time
in the right way for the right person and having the best results possible." (AHRQ, 1998). Multiple
studies have been conducted comparing the quality of healthcare between these two countries and
though the findings go both ways, a majority of the studies found a higher quality of care in Canada.
After reviewing the quality differences between the two countries, it is found that they performed
better in different areas. "Studies addressed diverse problems, including cancer, coronary artery
disease, chronic illnesses and surgical procedures. Of 10 studies that included extensive statistical
adjustment and enrolled broad populations, five favored Canada, two favored the United States, and
three showed equivalent or mixed results". (Docteur & Berenson, 2009). Although a majority
of the studies seem to favor Canada, the U.S. is

Immigration & Health
IMMIGRATION AND HEALTHCARE: ISSUES, CONCERNS, AND CHALLENGES FACING
THE NATION. Martin Kwesi Hinneh–Luther Instructor: Professor Neil Mathur HC 491: Senior
Seminar in Healthcare Management May 8, 2010 TABLE OF CONTENTS
ABSTRACT–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––3 I.
Introduction–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––5 II. Statement of
the Problem–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––6 III. Significance of the
Study––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––6 IV. Definition of
Terms–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––7 V. Review of Related
Literature–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––8 VI. Analysis of ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
5. What impact does the new healthcare reform have on immigrants? 6. What are the challenges in
healthcare reform for immigrants? 7. Would healthcare reform encourage or discourage the influx of
immigrants? My intent is to try and investigate these issues with an independent mindset and let
readers draw their own conclusions. Significance of the Topic This topic has generated long and
serious debates across the country. Even after it was recently passed into law, many are still
contemplation on it. I believe this topic has been on the dining table of most Americans. This is
because it is very vital not only to the sustenance of the economy but also to the well being of the
citizens of this great nation as a whole. Many have received death threats, etc when this bill was
passed. According to an article by Huffington post dated March 25, 2010, Colorado Senator Mark
Udall on Thursday became the latest member of the Colorado Congressional delegation to receive a
threat of violence this week for supporting health care reform. The arrest of a California man
accused of making criminal threats against U.S. House Speaker Nancy Pelosi has triggered a heated
debate about whether America 's conservative media – particularly Fox News – is fomenting
potential violence against high–profile Democrats. Brooksville, Florida – Capitol Police and the
Hernando County Sheriff 's Office is investigating a death

Argumentative Essay On Obamacare
On March 23rd 2010 in the East Room of the White House, surrounded by Democratic leaders like
former Vice President Joe Biden and then Speaker of the House Nancy Pelosi, President Barack
Obama signed The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act. This bill, which came to be known
as Obamacare, served the purpose of increasing the affordability, quality and accessibility to health
care in the United States. With its wide sweeping reforms, this bill is the most important piece of
healthcare legislation to be passed since Medicaid and Medicare were established 45 years prior in
1965 (Obama, 2016). Like any reform that affects the lives of Americans, the signing of The
Affordable Care Act has sparked intense debate on the political spectrum about its affects both the
American people and the American economy.
The purpose of this paper broadly is to give an overview of Obamacare, highlighting its most
important features, and core elements of the debate surrounding health care reform in the United
States. In order to better achieve this, this paper is separated into sections that assist in organizing
the complex concept of health care legislation and more specifically, Obamacare. The first sections
address the reasons that President Barack Obama thought it necessary to take on health care reform,
despite its complexity and difficulty to accomplish. Next, the paper details exactly what Obamacare
mandates as a piece of legislation, illustrating how the Obama administration sought to solve the
nation's health care issues with the bill's provisions. Then the paper turns to the debate surrounding
Obamacare, citing common arguments from both the liberal and conservative side about the merits
of Obamacare and its effect on the economy and the United States as a whole. The paper concludes
with a summary of the bill's progress, noting where Obamacare has accomplished its intended goals
and where it has fallen short.
In 1998, the United States devoted 13% of its economy to health care, and this figure rose to 16% by
2008. However, despite this rise in government expenditure on health care, outcomes for patients
remained the same (Obama, 2016). The quality of the health care system in general was not great;
health care

Health Care Reform in Unavoidable Essay examples
Backound:
For over a century, advocates for health care reform have attempted to change the laws of health
care reform within the United States. With a few close calls and little to no change achieved the
battles for health care reform and the explanations for their failures make for an interesting lesson in
American history, philosophy and politics.
In the late 1800's to 1912, the federal government left matters to the states and states left them to
private and charitable programs. America did have some voluntary funds that provided for their
members in the case of sickness or death, but there was no governmental or public assistance during
the late 19th or early 20th century.
The starting point of our healthcare system can be found ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
The doctors understood that to a greater extent most Americans were unable to meet their medical
expenses. In 1927 the AMA formed a Committee that concluded that private insurance was the best
solution.
(History News Network, 2013) In 1929, Baylor University Hospital in Dallas began offering non–
profit, pre–paid medical insurance to local schoolteachers for 50 cents per month. The program was
so popular hospitals across the country started offering comparable programs, usually advertised
with the symbol of a blue cross. That same year the stock market crashed and the Great Depression
began, even as healthcare costs continued to rise.
The Blue Cross plans proved popular and hospitals began to unite together to offer joint regional
plans. These plans were presented mostly to professional groups, or clubs, rather than the general
public. By 1938, almost three million Americans were enrolled in Blue Cross plans. This growing
market began to attract profit–making insurers.
In 1932 Franklin Roosevelt won the presidency and declared healthcare to be a fundamental human
right. The President Roosevelt administration implemented a program known as the "New Deal".
The program functioned as a national health insurance program that addressed the economic and
social reform needed for health care reform. The AMA still objected strongly to a

Health Care Reform Research Paper
Written Assignment 1
Ashley Calhoun
Saint Leo University
Health Policy, Politics, and Reform, HCM 590
Dr. Claudette Andrea
May 3, 2018
Abstract With every law that becomes approved by the president, behind the scenes prior to
authorization there is a legislative process that a bill must go through that is quiet detailed. This
paper will specifically explore the behind the scenes of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care
Act as it made its way to approval. It will review the legislative process with how this law
developed, political strategy, the authorization of the PPACA by President Obama in 2010 and the
debate over the PPACA as it continued after the bill was passed. Partisanship and Political Strategies
Contribution to the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act Healthcare reform has been
something that has largely been debated back in forth with the democratic and republican parties for
decades. In 2010 there was a big change to healthcare reform when the Patient Protection and
Affordable Care Act became endorsed. The act was able to be sanctioned because of the Democratic
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In the case of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, democrats had observed Bill Clinton's
effort at health care reform and they had also watched republican congress use their strong points of
congressional leadership to pass reforms that had previously been put on hold (Beaussier, 2012).
The Democratic Congressional Party learned through others that they could use their power of
partisanship to vanquish those who opposed the healthcare reform and they did just that. What is
meant by this is that at the time of this PPACA bill, the house and the senates was majority ruled by
the Democratic Party and were able to vote in favor of the PPACA even with those opposing the bill
it wouldn't be enough to hold it

Crt/205 Week 2
CRT/205: Mapping Arguments
Children in the Backseat Are the Worst Distraction for Driver
In this the issue considered is the way of driving with the children in the backseat. Therefore this is a
difficult one as the roads will have more traffic and driving is not an easier one. If it is done with
children then it will be more difficult as they will be playing inside car and will be a hard task to
control them. Then they have various distractions like that of visual distractions, manual distractions
and cognitive distractions. These will be very hard for drivers as they need to be very careful in it
while driving with a child.
Thus the stated premise is the way of driving without distractions and unstated premise is dealing
with ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
At the moment, President Obama, Republican and Democratic members of Congress, the American
Medical Association and America's Health Insurance plans all agree that a change is needed to the
current system. There is little debate that the health care is necessary but a lot of debate on how the
change should be done.
Obama's Health Care Reform Plan The majority of Americans receive health care through private
insurers which is mostly provided through their employers. For the most part, employees are
required to contribute part of insurance cost through payroll deductions. There is no government
health insurance company that covers all citizens. The government does offer few programs such as
Medicare and Medicaid but the eligibility is restricted and limited. President Obama wants to reform
the health care system so that every American in United States has health insurance coverage. The
plan proposes to offer affordable, comprehensive and portable coverage. It pledges to control the
rising health care cost and improving the quality of care. The key goals of the reform plan are:
Requiring employers to provide health insurance to their employees
Mandating health insurance to all children
Workers will be allowed to keep their employer–provided health insurance even if they lose their job
or if they're in between jobs
Prohibit insurance companies from rejecting people because of pre–existing health conditions

The Affordable Care Act ( Aca )
The Affordable Care Act (ACA), unofficially called Obama Care, was signed by President Obama in
March of 2010. The ACA was later sent to Congress and passed in June of 2012. The Affordable
Care Act's goals are to help the community have affordable health care for all United State citizens.
There are several significant differences between both parties in the House of Representatives on the
Affordable Care Act. Since the Affordable Care Act has been instated as law, the pros have masked
the cons and there seems to only be positive outcomes. Democrats are in favor of the ACA because
this will help the majority of the population in the United States. The Democrat support of The
Affordable Care Act has helped people who cannot afford health care; for example, the act makes
health care more affordable and available to the people. While writing The Affordable Care Act,
Democrats and Republicans argued over conflicts of ideas to which side was right or wrong.
Democrats believed that the Affordable Care Act would prosper and thus far it has shown positive
results, and unlike the Democrats, Republicans believe in the abstracts of the reform and currently
still do. The Affordable Care Act is fairly new and has been a law for three years now. The health
care reform is a piece of legislation that gives the poorest Americans the opportunity to have health
care. The ACA's job is to expand coverage, lower health care costs, have more choices available,
and make health care more convenient

Views on Health Care Reform Evaluated Essay
While many political issues are controversial and emotional for voters in America, few issues have
created an outcry in recent years like the debate over health care reform. The arguments for and
against such a comprehensive overhaul of the United States health care system are numerous and
wide–ranging, as demonstrated by the scores of showings of support and protest against it. While it
seems unlikely that few in the country could understand all of the ramifications of such a large bill,
virtually everyone could find something they liked or did not like in the bill. Indeed, the one
unifying aspect of all of the debate over the reform was the fact that everyone acknowledged that
reform was needed, but as to what that alteration should ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This argument has little room for a counter–argument, since it is based upon an interpretation of
basic American ideals and economics, rather than a more debatable topic. However, given the vast
quantity of economic theories that abound, agreement on any economic matter is uncertain at best.
Critics have also pointed out the fact that other countries with similar or more drastic health care
programs are doing poorly or failing. Indeed, one study found that:
"The findings suggest that universal health care systems such as Australia's, with mixed
public/private funding and delivery allowing for 'choice' in heath care, may actually perpetuate
health inequity. While such systems might ensure equity for patients with AMI, where guidelines for
treatment are relatively well established, this is not the case for care of patients with angina, where
high technology health care may be less urgent and more discretionary." (Clements, Kelman, &
Korda, 2009)
While comparing countries is invariably a difficult task given the wide varience in governments,
cultural tendencies and economic realities, the Australian method is quite similar to the health care
reform bill, and should give its supporters pause. At the very least, the results of the Australia should
give us pause as we implement our system and attempt to avoid the problems that they have had,
rather than avoiding that type of system at all. Our current health care system has many problems,
yet

The Pros And Cons Of Affordable Care
With the rising worries of healthcare cost and the adaption of the AFfordable Care Act (ACA), the
debate of healthcare is growing across party lines. Even before senator and former Presidential
candidate Bernie Sanders introduced his bill "Medicare for All" that largely sparked the debate in
the media for universal healthcare, the left has been looking for certain policy changes to aid in
decreasing the amount of uninsured in the US. "Massachusetts Senator Elizabeth Warren has also
said 'next step is single payer' when it comes to the Democrats' health–care ambitions," (the atlantic
quote) A growing sentiment among Democratic politicians, and citizens in general, is that the
government should provide insurance for everyone, and that access is healthcare is now an right. A
single payer system of healthcare, most notably modeled by European countries and Canada, aims to
be more efficient, cost effective, and have a broach reach among citizens, leaving 0% un–insured.
Although, the system covers only the government provided "necessities", where the single payer is
the government insurance, which covers "medically necessary" ( nejm. org) operations or checkups,
and leaves citizens to use private insurance to cover other "services not covered not covered by the
government plan" (nejm.org) This model allows for the allocation of a nationwide insurance
program, without the loss of competition for private insurers. This healthcare system can co–exist
with private insurers to offer competition, while ensuring that a vast majority of U.S citizens have
health insurance. Perhaps surprising to all, the model of a single–payer system of health insurance
hasn't just be confined to the last 10 years. Franklin Delano Roosevelt (FDR), during his time of
social welfare policies and Second Deal policies, created a series of federal programs focused on
helping the victims of the Great Depression. One of the policies being recommended was a reform
of the existing healthcare policies. In "1933 the entire nation's unemployment rate reached 25%"
(San Jose); without our jobs, there was no health insurance, citizens weren't able to afford medical
care and the impact was jarring. In response to this. FDR created the

The New Healthcare Reform Essay
The United States healthcare system has failed Americans because the government has treated it as
though only the wealthy should be taken care of. Universal Healthcare has benefited industrialized
countries like Sweden, France, and Canada because they recognize the fact that healthcare should be
a human right, and not a privilege. The debate continues over whether the reform will benefit the
people and not put the government into greater debt while politicians are raising the constitutional
flag on the reform, stating it is not constitutional to make it law that all Americans have health
insurance. The issue of healthcare and what method is right for America is an important question
and one that cannot be answered hastily. "Universal ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This proves that private insurers can still exist even when there is a universal plan in place. Sweden
also has a health care plan similar to France and Canada. Medical providers still remain private but
the government–run program funds the insurance. The maximum amount a Swede can pay in one
year is $108 and $156 for prescriptions (Astor, 2010). Universal healthcare sounds like an obvious
way to go yet it still has not been introduced into America. Receiving healthcare should be a basic
right that all Americans deserve yet are still denied. The new reform will help with low–income
citizens get the care they deserve but will still leave many uninsured. Healthcare can be considered a
basic right or commerce, which it has been in the new reform. The government has the right to
regulate commerce among several states and is choosing to do so with health insurance. Not always
considered commerce, healthcare by private insurers who could control their companies as they
pleased. Now, with the government's involvement there are new regulations requiring taxing. The
taxing of individuals and companies is what makes health insurance commerce. Should the
government be allowed to control healthcare and is it against the constitution to do so? Well, in the
past commerce has been identified as economic activity. Today, the reform has been inflicted
because of economic inactivity (Barnett, 2010). Never before has the government made

The Debate Over The United States
The United States does not provide healthcare to its citizens the way rest of the countries do. Instead
of guaranteeing that all are covered, it works on a market–based system where those who are
insured, receive their coverage as a condition of employment, whereas others must purchase
individual policies or obtain coverage through Medicaid or private insurance companies, and not
everyone would qualify to receive health care benefits. For decades, health care has been an issue
for the country, especially for the people who are ill and cannot afford coverage. However, when
Obama became president, he created a law that allows more opportunities for the population to
receive health insurance without further complications or strict requirements that many private
companies have. The law has remained a focus of heated political debate from the day it was
suggested. The dispute surrounding the law creates pressure regarding whether the reform has been
beneficial or a complete failure. Indeed, the one unifying aspect of all of the debate over the reform
was the fact that everyone acknowledged that reform was needed, but as to what that alteration
should be was the contentious part of the debate. Through extensive research, and despite common
objections, it is clear that health care reform shows positive impacts based on the effects in certain
states, the expansion of Medicaid, and its effectiveness today. In 2010, the Patient Protection and
Affordable Care Act (PPACA),

Senator Harry Reid Is A Democratic Senator
In the United States Senate, many senators gather to discuss policies and whether to vote on laws
elected by the House of Representatives. The Senate provides each states with two votes; ergo there
are two Senators that represent each state. The duties include writing and passing laws, approving
many presidential appointments, and ratifying treaties with other countries. This allows each state to
have equal representation regardless of their population, which in turn grants each Senator with
great power and responsibility. A model Senator is one who accurately projects the views of his or
her state and tries their best to act on those views in the Senate. Such a senator can be found in
Nevada; Senator Harry Reid is a democratic Senate ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It's very clear that Harry Reid works very hard in order to position the values of Nevada in front of
him. So, in order to see whether or not Senator Reid has been correctly advocating for those in
Nevada, this paper will outline Harry Reid's stances on Immigration and Health Care Reform. These
two topics remain has some of the hottest and most popular contentions of debate; and its important
to know every political figures stance on these points.
People come to the United States for the promise of freedom and opportunity. But the current
immigration system in the United States is broken families are separated, immigrant workers are
exploited, people die trying to cross the border, and there is rampant discrimination against
immigrants. Senator Reid wants to change that. Senator Reid believes tin reuniting and keeping
families together. He has fought to eliminate the long backlogs that keep families apart while they
wait to reunite in a legal standard. This concept brought in the first issue of the Comprehensive
Immigration Reform Act of 2007. This was a bill that the sole sponsor was Senator Harry Reid, (and
supported by President George W. Bush at the time) a bill that would have provided a legal status
and a path to citizenship for the approximately 12 million illegal immigrants resident in the United
States. This comprehensive reform act would have done a lot for guest work and legalization
programs. Some of these reforms include increases in border patrol,

Essay On Patriotism
Service Shows More than Patriotism The healthcare reform debate has been on the minds of many
Americans in recent years. Democrats have worked to put Obamacare in place in 2009 and want to
fix issues using the existing platform. Many Republicans are currently working to repeal and replace
Obamacare with Trumpcare. The healthcare debate has come to a standstill in Congress as deep
party lines persist. In August 2017, following the fights over the universal healthcare debate, TCA
Regional News reported that Democrat Amy McGrath is running for Congress in the state of
Kentucky against Republican Andy Barr in 2018 (Yeager). McGrath felt led to run due to Barr's
support of repealing the Affordable Care Act and due to the lessons she learned at ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
This is another image used to demonstrate the American army's protection and promote patriotism.
The value of patriotism is seen throughout military and American flag images in the advertisement.
The value of nontraditional gender roles is subtly seen through the auditory and visual illustrations
in the advertisement. Amy McGrath explains that in a previous experience of hers, her local
Congressman wrote to her that he believed that women should not be allowed to serve in combat as
the image of the letter appears on screen with the parts mentioned highlighted. McGrath explains
that she persisted and joined the Naval Academy anyway. This appeals to nontraditional gender roles
because it persuades the viewers that McGrath is different because she is a woman who broke the
mold in a male–dominated area. McGrath is also seen with having short hair and wearing a dark
bomber jacket, white button–up, and loose pants. McGrath is noticeably not wearing much make–up
and has simple earrings and a wedding band. By wearing non–feminine clothes, McGrath appeals to
value of nontraditional gender roles. McGrath is shown to walking with her husband and young
children down a grassy hill. McGrath is seen in a bright pink shirt and khaki dress pants while
holding her husband's hand. Her husband is wearing a blue button–up shirt and dark dress pants
while holding their toddler. Twin preschooler boys, dressed in the same blue polo and khaki shorts,
run and play in front of their parents.

The And Affordable Care Act
The most radical reform made in the United States of America in the past 45 years has been the
Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA). The ACA was signed into law by President
Obama on March 23, 2010 ("Key Features of the Affordable Care Act"). The purpose of the ACA is
to redesign companies within the insurance industry in the United States, mandate everyone in the
country to have health insurance, expand public insurances while private insurances subsidize,
introduce newer taxes, and transform the country's largest health insurance, Medicare. As the
country slowly integrates itself to this new health care act, people feel they must come to a decision
of joining the ACA or finding another way to be covered by insurance. The predictions that the
Congressional Budget Office (CBO) had on ACA were staggering. CBO thought that ACA would
increase healthcare insurance coverage by 32 million people (Congressional Budget Office).
Although there are many debates on whether or not this act should pass throughout the country as
many states wish to repeal this act, the decision was made to reform our healthcare in the United
States. People remain spectacle on this new reform and the results that follow. In spite of the many
debates, the government and citizens find that they all strive towards one common goal which is the
coverage of health insurance With such a big reform in the government and barely any money to
cover these changes, there must be a way to finance all of

Affordable Care Act
Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act
Yolanda Raqueno
HCS/455
April 17, 2013
Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act The goal of this essay is to discuss the health care system
in the United States. Another aim of this essay is to discuss the health policy, to improve, and to
reduce inequalities. In the United States the private insurance system is a major provider of health
care services, health care system is expensive and in many cases not efficient. This essay focuses on
the patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, Formulating, Legislative, and Implementation
stages. The government has trying to stop the increasing growth of spending on health care and
offering different measures by pricing controlling ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The health reform will provide billions dollars in tax relief, and reduces what most people will pay
for health care by capping –out of pocket expenses. Americans are allowed to choose their health
insurance coverage, and the Affordable Care Act will help to ensure that American will receive a
quality health care (Morone, 2008). The small business owner will be able to buy a health insurance
for the employees. The small businesses will receive a tax credit for up to 50% of the cost the
employees' health insurance. The health insurance companies cannot reject coverage of pre–existing
chronic illness, and the patients have right to appeal if an insurance companies refuse doctor ordered
treatments (Morone, 2008). Federal health reform provides more people with access to health
insurance coverage, establish legal protection for patients, and set up mechanisms for consumers to
shop knowledgeably for health care coverage (Rigby, 2011). The advantages of health care reforms
are the following:
Expanding Medicaid to allow more consumers at the low–income families, or patients levels to
qualify for health care insurance (Nichols, 2010).
Encouraging business employers to offer health care insurance (Nichols, 2010).
Provides credits to purchase private health coverage to moderate income Americans, especial to
those are not qualified for Medicaid (Nichols, 2010).
Streamline the purchase of health care coverage from the establishment of the

Health Care Reform Debate & the Pluralistic Prespective
Ana Sakalis SOC 335 Prof. K. Bentele February 24, 2012 Health Care Reform Debate & The
Pluralistic Perspective In this paper I will explain how the portion of the health care debate I chose
would be classified under this pluralist framework of government. First I will explain the definition
of the pluralist view of how government is structured. Then I will explain a bit of what portion of
the healthcare reform under president Obama's administration I chose to write about and in
conclusion I will make the connection between the healthcare reform and the pluralist theorist
framework view of government. The Pluralist structure illustrates power as the aftermath of the
collection of different interest groups haggling for the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
There are many religious institutions and religious affiliated universities that are fighting the new
implications of this policy. These issues of concern and health care reform would be a real good
argument for pluralist and their views of the structure of government in America. This is a good
example of "who ever makes the best argument wins". Although the finals of this reform have not
yet been ironed–out, it seems like the winners will be working class Americans and that is not
common in American politics. That no matter what argument, these large institutions are making
they will have to find a way to conform to the decisions made by government. In this particular case
the government is listening to everyone. These working class women have the Institute Of Medicine
and the Department of Health and Human Services advocating on their behalf. In this instance the
large population of individual voters are the ones holding the power over these larger, richer entities
like insurance companies and religious affiliated institutions and universities. The states are
involved in protecting the maintenance of order throughout society by being allowed to stipulate
who does what. The power is not being held by those with economic stability like the social class
perspective or the nature of leadership is not being held by the elites as stated in the elite managerial
approach of government. Economic

The Policy Process
The Policy Process HCS/455 05/28/13 Jay Littleton The Policy Process In today's health care
system it is constantly improving and changing, due to the demands of the health care system. For
this to happen new policies must be created or even improving old policies. Congress is involved in
the process of policy making; including three stages such as foundation stage, legislative stage, and
implementation stage. When a health care topic is in process of becoming a policy it hopes to reach
a desired outcome to have a positive effect on people. In the policy making model it has its strengths
and limitations. Its strength is the reduction of complexity of policy making to manageable. The ...
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Politics can determine if Americans would have health care insurance or even if our country will be
in debt. If the health care reform was repealed that would out 32 million from having health care
coverage but because of the reform those 32 million will gain coverage under the law. With two
main different political parties they debate on the health care policy topic. The upcoming debates in
the House have impact on health care policy in the United States. "Of all the problems with the
current health care system, perhaps the most insidious is that the system is fueled by special interest
groups" (Daily Finance, 2009). The special interest groups all want to put their hands in the pot.
They pay large sums of money to try to convince legislators to draft legislation in their favor. Sooner
or later they will need to agree on a solution or else the cost will continue to rise but the quality of
care will fall. Special interest groups can determine the health care development. They play nice so
they can be involved in health care reform discussions but in the 1990's they ended Hilary Clinton's
health care reform. Special interest groups want what's best for them and benefits them in the end.
For example the health insurance company's profits increased 428 percent from 2000 to 2007. It is
reported that the

Health Care Reform: Was Universal Health Care the Answer?...
What is universal health care?
Universal health care is a form of health coverage which is provided by a government so that all of
its citizens have access to health services. In the universal health care is a system of providing health
coverage for any and all willing participants. This is usually through a government program, funded
by taxes. The United States is the only developed country in the world to not have a universal health
care system for its citizens. Medicaid and Medicare do not count because they target a select group
of citizens. It is important to note the distinction between universal health care and socialized
medicine before we proceed. Many people confuse the terms. Under universal health care hospitals,
Private coverage would include, but are not limited to companies such as Aetna, Blue Cross Blue
Shield and Anthem. Both sides are concerned with the financial strain on the government as well as
the high premiums passed down to the insured.
Health Care Reform
Supporters of health reform also want patients to have more rights to better quality health care.
Under the current system, certain providers only except certain insurances or self–pay patients. A
universal system would allow patients to go to the doctor of their choice and give incentive to have
preventative care screenings to improve overall wellness. However, critics argue that under the new
reforms, patients may have to wait for appointments for specialty services. Those in opposition of
the current plan for health care reform argue that the answer is not simply UHC system. All would
agree that the ultimate goal is to improve the cost of overall health care in the United States.
America's current public–private system is the most expensive in the world. We spend more per
capita than anywhere else in the world. Our health care expenses are a major portion of our
countries Gross Domestic Product. Some argue that is just the preview of what would result from
government ran UHC. In Canada, patients complain of long waits to see their providers for specialty
care.
A Summary of Obama Care H.R. 3590 is the Patient Protection and Affordable

Healthcare In The United States vs. The United Kingdom Essay
Compare and contrast healthcare in the United States and United Kingdom
In the contemporary world, America is one of the greatest countries. From the polio vaccine to Coca
Cola, United States is mother to many inventions. As Americans, we enjoy higher quality living
standards than most other parts of the world. This pleasure–oriented lifestyle makes a lot of other
nations envious of us. And with the envy comes antipathy. For the time it has existed, the American
healthcare system has been a subject of scrutiny and debate.
The United States health care system ranks 37th in the world. Statistically, it's bizarre how United
States is amongst one of the most advanced nations in the world and the fact that it spends more on
its healthcare ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Other government funded programs are funded out of general tax receipts.
However, this system has been a part of a never ending healthcare debate. Many argue that this
system underperforms habitually as the deliverables are in no match to the amount of spending. The
discussion has largely been based on government–mandate of universal health coverage plan and the
costs of the healthcare in the country. This structure has repeatedly been questioned on it access,
efficiency and quality. Several feel that the beneficiary is not the average American but insurance
companies and health care lobbyists. Like everywhere else, where there is refute; there is reform. In
the year 2004, the First Lady of the United States, Hillary Rodham Clinton's attempt to reform the
healthcare scene by criticizing its basis and offering remedies was defeated by the Congress. In
2007, filmmaker Michael Moore's, Sicko; denunciated the American healthcare system and how it
affects its people.
Although it censures the healthcare system we have, Sicko also highlights the healthcare practices in
UK. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a sovereign state located in the
continent of Europe. The English ruled over most parts of the world for several decades and set
standard for others to follow. It is said that no one in the world is better than the English for quality
and service. And such is true for healthcare.
The healthcare system

The Attributes Of Public Opinion And Its Effect On Health
The Attributes of Public Opinion and its Effect on Health Reform By Lujain Alyahya DePaul
University April, 24, 2017 According to Brodie, Altman, Deane, Buscho and Hamel (2010) in their
article "Liking The Pieces, Not The Package: Contradictions in Public Opinion During Health
Reform" The publics opinion on health reform has been historically consistent and steady. The
authors examined public opinion through historical and comparative analysis of survey polls data
which can be accessed in the database iPoll at the Roper Center for Public Opinion Research. The
survey data suggests a major determining factor in the public's ultimate judgment of a reform during
its implementation is the perceived impact at the personal level. The article ... Show more content on
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These polls were studied and then broken down into various parts (trends) in their area of study. One
of the main attribute of publics' opinion addresses "competing issues". When it comes to the public's
idea and opinion of healthcare versus other competing issues, healthcare always seems to be in the
top priority. There are many issues the public feel very strong about thus creating "competing
issues." Even with such competing issues healthcare is always a strong contender and prioritized
accordingly. Touching on the interaction of the government on healthcare comes with the overall
distrust of the government. A common trend observed in many polls shows that the public does not
feel the government will do what's right when the time calls for it. Although it comes from the
mistrust of the opposers of healthcare reform, this pushes the idea that some people feel that the
government has too much of a role in healthcare. This illustrates that possibly that the government
could cut programs inside healthcare to benefit themselves rather than the public. Approximately 19
percent of the polled public in 2010 thought that the government handles healthcare reform properly
keeping the general public at its best interest. Although a substantial number (percentage), it has
improved overall decreasing from 69 percent in 1965 when the birth of Medicare was seen.
Americans' views on healthcare reform seem to always be clearly divided

Political Debates Of The United States
Political debates in the United States, has turned into a constant public dispute, on who is more
convincing for the public eye. A political debate refers to a discussion engaging deliberate
arguments, that involves opposing viewpoints. One of the issues that has been in a constant debate
for years, is the "Tax Reform". A recent Republican political debate that took place on November
28th, gave us insight on the thoughts of some of our candidates, regarding the imposition of taxes. In
the United States, we tend to believe that we still are in a democratic era, yet as Republicans get
closer and closer to taking control of government, many worry that it will completely change; into a
conservative political environment. In an article by New ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
Donald Trump, at this point is just trying to influence his constituents and say what they would love
to hear. Yet, the sharing of taxes has never been consistent nor fair in the United States. According to
the Tax Fairness.org Facts Sheets, say "that many wealthy Americans have ways to avoid paying
their fair share in taxes (Americanstax.org). Everyone has mixed feelings when it comes to the tax
topic, because most of our societies consist of working class individuals and even below the poverty
line group. So when we talk about the wealthy, is that 1%, whom are gaining most of the incomes.
This is not a surprise to American citizens. However, even though Donald Trump 's proposition
sounds very interesting, "killing the estate tax would cost [roughly] $20 billion a year" (Hunt, par.4),
and we cannot afford more debt added to our budged in the United States. A G.O.P challenger,
Senator Marco Rubio, debated about "tax cuts," but that this "would give almost twice as much to
the rich" (Hunt, par.5). If we are realistic, cutting taxes off completely, will sort of benefit the
working class because we will be fully gaining what we work for, but, the richer will also benefit
tremendously, because they won 't have to pay no type of taxes what so ever. The tax reform is an
issue that we need to look into very closely, since it affects everyone of us, who are working to earn
a living, or

The Healthcare Plan Of Clinton
THE HEALTHCARE PLAN OF CLINTON Clinton's Healthcare Plan: the Reasons Why It Failed
In the United States the issue of government funded healthcare programs has always been one of
importance drawing attentions of many and involving myriads of debate sessions. Still now people
take quite interest in dissecting and finally commenting on why Obamacare is a success and why
Clintoncare/Hillarycare was not. But whatever may be the reason behind such indulgence, it must be
analyzed why such a welfare effort like President Clinton's healthcare plan ultimately failed even
though having some great features which, if implemented properly, would have changed the course
of healthcare policies in the United States for a considerable period of ... Show more content on
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Congress, as one of the key players, was seriously considering plans to provide universal health
coverage on one hand, and physicians, big businesses, and Republican lawmakers, on the other
hand, as various interest groups opposing the Congress, were more interested in blocking the
proposals of the Congress (Bok, 1998). The situation was a dilemmatic one and some reformation
was needed. Clinton felt the nerve of the majority of the populace who were in favor of healthcare
reform and hence, he made healthcare a primary weapon in his election campaigns. With his win the
issue of healthcare reform came to forefront. It must be noted that gradually American businesses
were singing in the tune of Clinton due to the fear of losing further businesses due to their
disadvantageous position fueled by the rising health costs in the United States and "Growing
segments of the medical community expresses a desire to consider reforms; even hospitals seemed
interested in some scheme that would spare them the heavy burden of giving free medical care to the
uninsured" (Bok, 1998). Moreover, Clinton was obliged to introduce a healthcare reform policy also
due to the fact that "large majorities of the public rated health care reform among the most urgent
problems facing the nation and voiced support for a plan that would provide medical insurance for
all Americans" (Bok, 1998). After getting elected as the

Essay about To Do or To Argue...That is the Question
Debate has broke out in the United States over a universal health care plan since Theodore
Roosevelt's presidency. A universal health care plan is a system of organized care for all members of
a society; therefore, everyone in America would theoretically have free health insurance. Although
over a century of debate has taken place, there has never been a universal health care system in the
United States. There has been many attempts in American history to begin a universal health care
plan. Theodore Roosevelt was the first president to support a national insurance plan; however he
felt it was not the government's place to to mandate reforms (Matusiak). The American Association
of Labor led a campaign for national insurance in 1906 ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It is a national insurance policy that one can purchase. Only time will tell if the debate of universal
health care will ever end. What has kept the people of the United States from embracing universal
health care? Individual benefits. "The founding fathers' core principle–– that individual rights and
responsibilities trump everything, even societal benefits" (Torre). This pertains to health care in the
sense that if someone has access to quality medical care, why would they want to sacrifice that
access for someone else? "People begin seeing themselves not as a society of individuals, but as
individuals of a society" (Torre). The act of paying taxes for everyone to have the same access to
medical care seems un–American. The individual benefits of quality medical care and monetary
expenditure is the reason universal health care has never been given a chance. The United States
health care system is far from similar to a universal health care plan. Americans either purchase
health insurance individually or it is provided as a benefit for working at certain businesses that
offer it. An advantage to this system of health care is anytime there is an emergency, medical care is
always available and there is always room. the United States is also known for its responsiveness in
health care. Ranking first in the world in responsiveness. The major flaw that the United States faces
with health care is the number of

Prison Reform Topic Paper : Prisons
Prison Reform Topic Paper
Submitted By: Toni Nielson – CSU, Fullerton
Unique Educational Opportunities
"Prisons are closed institutions. They are established and funded by governments to hold people
against their will", but why punish (Zyl Smit, 2010)? What is the purpose of prison? This
fundamental question stirs up a significant amount of debate. The government, citizens, educators,
and even prisoners are divided about the right answers. There is disagreement in the US about the
purpose of the prison system. On the one hand, the regulations of the prison system may seek
deterrence, incapacitation, or retribution to avoid appearing too soft on criminals (Zyl Smit, 2010;
Rossum, 2003). On the other hand, the regulations of the prison system may seek to opportunities to
resocialize prisoners or to effect changes in the character, attitudes, or behavior of the convicted
offender (Zyl Smit, 2010; Harvard Law Review, 2010). Which approach is the most effective for a
society that decides to punish?
What do we do about those who commit crimes? This questions seems to have a more definitive
answer in the US. The last four decades of American criminal justice have been shaped by the public
appeal to get tough on crime (Colgan, 2006). "Since the mid–1970s, the United States has engaged
in a "race to incarcerate" that has resulted in a prison population expanded to a level previously
unknown in any democratic society" (Burt, 2010). The US has over 2 million of its citizens

The Affordable Care Act Is Surrounded By Numerous...
The Affordable Care Act is surrounded by numerous political circumstances. The Affordable Care
Act has been called by many names such as Obama Care or healthcare overhaul. The healthcare
overhaul is one of the rare policies that has been developed, but not tweaked to perfection; it may
never be tweaked to satisfy everyone, but it could still improve. According to the article entitled
"The Science of Muddling Through" by Charles Lindblom "Policy is not made once and for all; it is
made and re–made endlessly" (Lindblom, 1959, pp. 86). The act of policy–making is based on
consecutive approximations to some sought after objective in which the ultimately desired objective
continuously changes under reconsideration (Lindblom, 1959, pp. 86). Due to the fact, the
Affordable Care Act was an overhaul unlike any other in America in regards to healthcare it has
received a great deal of attention nationwide. All the attention seems to have gotten people to
thinking about our health care system in comparison to others countries health care systems and
what is best for the United States. According to Delivering Health Care in America: A Systems
Approach. Sixth ed., the United States leads the world in the latest and greatest in medical
technology, training and research. Another feature that makes this health system stand out is that is
doesn't automatic cover everyone unlike other health systems. The health care system is a patchwork
of various components of other systems. Some

The Affordable Care Act : Obama Care, The Patient...
The Affordable Care Act Obama Care, The Patient Protection Act, people have given it many
nicknames but it's official name is The Affordable Care Act. The law may have several nicknames,
but one thing is for sure, it is very controversial. Americans are torn on whether the law will work or
not, and it's causing a huge debate ahead of the 2016 presidential election. The effects that The
Affordable Care Act may have on our country can best be understood by analyzing the background
and the history of the law. The Affordable Care Act has already created much history within the five
years since it was passed into law. On March 23, 2010 The Affordable Care Act was passed into law
(Clemmitt, "Health–Care Reform", 505–28). With it came many new laws and regulations regarding
health insurance. The law says that United States Citizens must buy health insurance unless one is
enrolled on Medicaid or Medicare. If they choose not to buy insurance, they will face a fine that is
adjusted to your income (Clemmitt, "Health–Care Reform", 505–28). The Democrats, who mostly
support the law, argue that the law will insure 32 of the 45 million people in the United States who
are uninsured by expanding medicaid, providing subsidies to lower and middle class families to
make insurance more affordable, and regulating insurance markets where people without employer
sponsored insurance can buy subsidized coverage (Clemmitt, "Health–Care Reform", 505–28). The
Republicans, who mostly oppose the law,

Essay On Health Care Reform
The publics' opinion has had many influences on the debate on healthcare and healthcare reform.
Although an issue primarily in charge by the government, many people have been voicing their
opinion dating back all the way to the introduction of Medicare. Recent surveys have shown many
trends and many variations in public opinion that take a toll on health care reform. These opinions
played a very important role in the overall results of polls in the federal health care reform debate.
The polls that were studied were pulled from a range of opinion pulls dating back to 1943 however,
only 2008 and 2009–2010 reform opinions were pin pointed and reviewed/studied. These polls
specifically selected dealt with changes to the health care system as well ... Show more content on
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Sadly many Americans do not have health care while not participating in the debate to receive it. No
matter what happens in term of reform, whether Obamacare being discontinued or a new bill for
health care arises, this issue will always spark much debate within the government and in the
publics' eye. Healthcare will always be heavily politicized time and time again. If health care is
turned into something so extreme that it affects more and more people (even those who were happily
covered), a public push for reform will become that much

The Debate Over The United States
The United States does not provide health care to its citizens the way the rest of the countries do.
Instead of guaranteeing that all are covered, it works at a market–based system where those who are
insured, receive their coverage as a condition of employment, whereas others must purchase
individual policies or obtain coverage through Medicaid or private insurance companies, and not
everyone would qualify to receive health care benefits. For decades, health care has been an issue
for the country, especially for the people who are ill and cannot afford coverage. However, when
Obama became president, he created a law that allows more opportunities for the population to
receive health insurance without further complications or strict ... Show more content on
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This law was put into effect in order to give more Americans access to affordable, quality health
insurance, and ensure that every citizen is covered. The arguments for and against the United States
health care system are numerous and wide–ranging; virtually everyone could find certain aspects
that they liked or did not like in the Affordable Care Act (ACA). Against expectations, health care
reform has been showing signs that it is working. More than 500,000 Americans now say they have
primary care physicians and fewer say they are struggling to afford care (Culp–Ressler). Based on
the various statistical data found, the largest drop in the number of residents going without health
care occurred in states who have embraced the bill. In some states, the uninsured rate has decreased
rates by more than 10 percentage points; states including Arkansas, Kentucky, Oregon, California,
West Virginia, and Alaska (Culp–Ressler). Furthermore, Arkansas is one of the poorest and most
conservative states in the country. However, ever since the ACA was taken into effect, the
percentage of those uninsured in the state had shown the greatest success for ObamaCare, which
declined from 22.5% in 2013 to 9.1% by the first half of 2015; the rates plummeted drastically by
more than half of the people that are now covered. (Culp–Ressler). In addition, costs of health care
coverage can be quite pricey; however, based on multiple

Persuasive Essay On Health Care
Is healthcare a basic human right, or a privilege? This is the fundamental underlying question that
must be answered if we are to make any meaningful progress on healthcare reform in this country.
Until then, it will not be possible to reach a consensus on the ultimate goal of healthcare reform.
And without defining the goal, measuring success will be impossible.
History of Healthcare in the United States
This debate however, is not a new one. It has been raging at the core of healthcare reform efforts in
the United States for over a century. Up until the early 20th century the U.S. federal government did
not finance or provide health care to the public. In 1915 the first bill of it its kind was drafted to
provide state medical benefits to low income workers. Over the next 45 years successive presidents
made various attempts at advancing bills that would have implemented a national health care
system. However, none were able to gain the necessary support in Congress. This was often due to
opponents characterizing these systems as "socialized medicine." [8]
Proponents of this system continued to advocate for government–funded health insurance and
shifted their focus to providing coverage for Americans over the age of 65 and the poor. [106]By the
early 1960s, Medicare (the Social Security Act Amendments of 1965), a bill that would extend
Social Security to cover the medical bills of Americans over the age of 65 was passed and signed
into law by President Lyndon B. Johnson.

Health Care Reform and How the United States Got There.
Health Care Reform and How the United States Got There.
For over a decade our healthcare system has been flawed, and for over a decade several Presidents
have tried to reform the health industry with little success. Advocates of health care reform have
been met with great controversy and resistance since as early as 1854 when President Franklin
Pierce vetoed the "Land–Grant Bill for Indigent Insane Persons" that would benefit the indigent
insane, "by arguing that the federal government should not commit itself to social welfare, which he
believed was properly the responsibility of the states" ("Senate Debates On the Land–Grant Bill for
Indigent Insane, 1854). Those apposed to change have fought diligently to cease the passing of any
The topic of major healthcare reform would not come to pass again, until the 1992
Election, when President Clinton "made health care reform a centerpiece of his campaign."
(Bok, 1998). After winning the election he quickly formed a committee to address the multitude of
problems healthcare was having. After appointing Mrs. Clinton as the head of the task force and
months of speculation, a 1000 page document was presented to Congress on September 1993
outlining the guarantee of basic healthcare for all Americans. "In a forceful tone, he urged the
lawmakers to fix a health care system that is badly broken... giving very American health security
––– health care that is always there, healthcare that can never be taken away" (Bok, 1998). Like his
predecessors in the past, his plan would come to a standstill on September 26, 1994 "when Senate
Leader George Mitchell announced that the health care legislation was dead" (Bok, 1998). By the
time President Bush took office there was change in the air, but overall healthcare reform for all was
not one of them. President's Bush health care initiatives focused more on tax credits, Health Saving
Accounts and changes in code for healthcare insurance, instead for the millions who lacked
coverage. One of the biggest changes that came out of President Bush's term was the push today
legislation that that would protect patient's right in the healthcare

Reforms Of The Millennium Development Goals Essay
Reforms in California
Introduction
Reforms are among the most important ideas to think of in the 21st century. They are a global
phenomenon that has gathered pace in global economies. The 21st century is also unique in the
developments that have taken place. These developments can partly be attributed to the Millennium
Development Goals (MDGs) that was a historic commitment made in 2000 (Enthoven & Minarik,
2012). The MDGs have gained widespread acceptance in rich and poor countries alike. The goals
have been used to guide all development efforts and act as guidelines to measure the level of success
in different countries (Enthoven & Minarik, 2012). With three months of the target year of 2015,
evidence suggests that there is substantial progress.
California that is one of the biggest states in the United States of America has also been part of the
developments. The United Sates is among the world's biggest economies, with the most powerful
military, impressive scientific and technological capability, a system of higher learning that draws
students from every continent, and considerable moral and political influence (Morgan, 2009). The
country has a major role to play in reforms. They have had a significant impact on different sectors
of the global economy that it is believed there can be minimal changes that they do not have direct
or indirect control The fact that California, and most parts of the United States have a strong
economy does not mean that they have perfect

United States Must Promote The Creation Of Accountable...
United States take pride in many things: world's largest economy, strong military power,
internationally acclaimed institutions, great cultural diversity, endless entertainment from
Hollywood to Major League Baseball, and more. Unfortunately, health care did not make it into the
list. It is quite unsettling to accept that 2010 health data for industrialized countries placed United
States in the last place in almost every criteria. U.S. health care spending had reached $7,538 per
capita which was far more than any other country, doubling the OECD median of $2,995 (Squire, 2).
In the analysis of five–year survival and mortality rate for various forms of cancer, the data showed
that the outcomes of Americans did not perform any better than ... Show more content on
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Atul Gawande, a public health researcher, has a similar yet different opinion to high cost health care.
His article narrates a story about his investigation in McAllen, TX, a city which has the highest cost
of health are in the United States. Gawande explains that the high cost of health care in McAllen
was largely responsible for overutilization of resources through the FFS payment method. According
to Gawande's investigation, McAllen is an outlier in terms of U.S. health care data; this city has the
highest spending of health care in the country. Its neighboring city, El Paso, shares similar
demographics and provides a similar level of care but oddly enough, the average cost of receiving
health care in McAllen was double of that in El Paso. Gawande later finds that the high cost of
health care in McAllen provided more of everything: diagnostic testing, hospital treatment, surgery,
and home care (Gawande, 5). Indeed, we cannot point fingers at the doctors if the procedures were
deemed necessary. However, there are some doctors who saw their practice primarily as a stream of
revenue. Gawande held Hospital Renaissance largely responsible for the high cost of health care in
McAllen. This particular hospital has a reputation for aggressively recruiting high–volume
physicians to become investors and send the patients there. In return, they would receive their fee
for service and a

The Affordable Care Act ( Aca )
Absract++++++++++++++++++++++++++=
The Affordable Care Act (ACA) (also known as "Obamacare") is an historic piece of legislation that
has had massive effect on healthcare in the United States. Its systemic effects on healthcare in this
country are numberous, from insurance to ambulatory care, from healthcare related taxes to
healthcare resources, and beyond. That said, the following research paper attempts to summarize
how this massive piece of legislation has effected healthcare in the United States, to date; with a
particular eye towards the effects on the average healthcare consumer. Lastly, it concludes with
reasons to praise the Affordable Care Act. ++++++++++++++++++++++++++=
Introduction++++++++++++++++++++++++++=
The ACA is a relatively new healthcare reform in the United States. "Obamacare" (which is perhaps
the more popular name) actually has a long and complex history. In fact, this complexity is refectled
in its very structure, as the ACA is really the composite of a number of other pieces of legislation
such as the Patient Protection Act (PPA), sections of the Health Care and Education Reconciliation
Act (HCERA), the Affordable Health Care for America Act (AHCAA), and also, the Student Aid
and Fiscal Responsibility Act (SAFRA). Generally speaking, all of these pieces of legislation had, as
their target objective, the goal of reforming healthcare in the United States, so that more Americans
had greater access to more affordable, better quality

Social Determinants Of Health And Health
these issues though those might be temporary. A final solution will have to be a national policy
change in immigration, however, until then we could pursue some international options to aid
undocumented immigrants in the United States. Better research on immigrant health and health
outcomes would go a long way to shining a light on how to tackle these problems. The current
debate in the research concentrates on social determinants of health such as acculturation, which of
course influences a lot of other health and healthcare decisions made by immigrants. However, only
focusing on social determinants of health undermines the importance of other factors that also
heavily affect immigrant health in the United States. Specifically in the case of undocumented
immigrants, the debate need to focus on systemic issues impeding access to healthcare as well as pre
and post migratory social, political, and economic factors. Some examples that Martinez et al listed
include, "specific environmental conditions such as pollution and contamination of water, as well as
pre–and–post migration experiences ranging from rape, sexual assault, and abuse to extortion and
several other specific geopolitical and economic factors" (966). Social strife, political persecution or
famines are real problems that can affect an individuals' health and specifically their mental health
for the rest of their lives. Torres et al urge "those involved in public health research, policy, and
practice" to

Essay On Defensive Medicine
Defensive Medicine Is It Costing Our Heath Care? Teresa Botts Baptist College of Health Sciences
1.
Abstract
Our Nation is currently engaged in a debate about the future of health care in America. Health care
reform has several platforms to be addressed in order for it to be successfully implemented.
Tort reform, being one of those platforms, is proposed as one solution to the rapidly increasing
health care cost in the United States. Careful reform of medical malpractice laws can lower
administrative costs and health spending. This will also lead to improved patient safety and steer
physicians away from the costly practice of defensive medicine.
Defensive Medicine
Is It Costing Our ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
(Weinstein, 2008)" The fear of being sued that is driving physicians to defensive medicine is
dramatically increasing healthcare cost and threatens the success of health reform efforts," says Dr.
Manish Sethi, a researcher with the Department of Orthopedic Surgery at Massachusetts General
Hospital. (Goodnough, 2009) Defensive medicine takes two main forms: assurance behavior and
avoidance behavior. Assurance behavior involves the charging of additional, unnecessary services in
order to a)reduce adverse outcomes, b)deter patients from filing medical malpractice claims, or
c)provide documented evidence that the practitioner is practicing according to the standard of care,
so that if, in the future, legal action is initiated liability can be pre–empted. (David M. Studdert, et
al., 2005) Diagnostic defensive medicine practices have a much greater impact on costs that do
therapeutic defensive practices. One study conducted by American Academy of Orthopedic
Surgeons, showed assurance behavior reported by 92 percent of physician respondents involves
ordering test (particularly radiological imaging) performing diagnostic procedures through CT
scans, x–rays, MRI studies, ultrasound studies, laboratory testing and referring patients for
consultation. The ordering of unnecessary tests can lead to diminishing quality of care and produce
emotional distress and necessitate additional invasive or hazardous procedures. Reported in this
same study, avoidance

Healthcare Done Right Essays
The Healthcare reform law is a reasonable solution for people who cannot afford or do not have
private health insurance. This is what the Healthcare reform law is going to provide for people in the
United States. The Affordable Care Act provides for Homeless and people who before could not get
health insurance due to pre–existing illnesses, so they are finally getting the coverage they deserve
at reasonable prices. Healthcare reform has been a big issue in the United States since the 1980's.
The cost of healthcare within the United States has risen drastically from 1965 to 2005 (Gale 195–
197), leaving many Americans uninsured or underinsured for healthcare insurance. Many people
believe the Canadians have a very good established ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
He also wanted to require employers to give universal coverage to any full–time employees. The
public did not favor the plan when he had his wife lead the promotion campaign for it. Clinton's
healthcare reform plan was also a very complex plan that was not explained to the public very well.
The healthcare reform talk then died down for a while until the 2008 presidential elections in which
all candidates had a healthcare plan and a solution on how to fix the problem. Barack Obama who
was eventually elected as president had the plan that is now the healthcare reform law. When he was
elected he wanted to enact his solution as early as Labor Day of 2009. His solution however would
require wealthier Americans to pay even more taxes than they already do, which many people were
opposed too especially Republicans ("National Healthcare" 195–197). /The healthcare reform law
has been the center of a heated debate for some time now within the House and the Senate. The
Obama administration has been pushing healthcare reform since its beginnings in 2008 and has
finally pushed the law through Congress. This was a difficult process simply because some of the
members of Congress wanted the Supreme Court to judge if the healthcare law was constitutional.
The Supreme Court however did not side with these members of Congress. They ruled that it was
constitutional as long as it was applied as a

Persuasive Essay On Health Care
Health care in America has been at the center of controversy for years. People on the "left" think that
health care is a right and should be provided by the government. People on the "right" feel that that
government should not be in the health care business. They should allow the free market to work.
Both sides can make a convincing argument, but the bottom line is money. And who is going to pay
for it. Health care has been a big debate in America for the past couple years. The U.S. health care
system is a great group of private and public companies. It has state government and agencies and
also federal agencies. Health care has tons of places you can go get medicine and see doctors if
needed ("Health Care Reform"). Health Care is one of the steps to helping our health care system.
The health care system shows that Obamacare is not approved to the healthcare industry
("Obamacare Facts"). America's health care is treated as one of the best systems in the world. But
the United States has less children being born and more children dying under the age of one than
other countries ("Health Care Reform"). Health care became a real problem in the 1992 election.
Bill Clinton wanted health care to be for everyone and have the costs stay low. Once President
Clinton was elected in 1992, he put his wife, Hillary Clinton, at the head of health care. She made a
huge change for the U.S. health care system ("Health Care Reform"). Bill Clinton made a change to
health care named the

Essay About Hcs 235 Health Care Utilization Option 1

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Essay About Hcs 235 Health Care Utilization Option 1