india climate

1. midtU¡F« Ïilãiy¡fšé £l«
jŠrhñ® kht£l«
ghl« - r_f m¿éaš
tF¥ò – 10
ghl¤jiy¥ò – ϪÂah -fhyãiy

3. Subject: Geography
For Class : X

4. thåiy -fhyãiy
• thåiy
1. xçl¤Â‹ m‹whl tëk©ly khWghLfshd
bt¥g«, mG¤j«, <u¥gj«, fh‰W, nkf« k
‰W« kiH¥bghêé‰F thåiy v‹W bga®
2. m‹whl« fz¡»l¥gL»wJ.
3. FW»a fhy¤Â‰F« Á¿a ãy¥gu¥Ã‰F«
fz¡»l¥gL»wJ.(jŠiræ‹ Ï‹iwa bt¥gãiy)
4. m‹whl« khw¡ToaJ.
• fhyãiy
1. thåiyæ‹ Ú©l fhy ruhrçna fhyãiy
vd¥gL«
2. fhyãiyia fz¡»l 35 M©Lfë‹ thåiy TWfŸ
njit¥gL»‹wd.
3. Ú©l fhy¤Â‰F« guªj ãy¥gu¥Ã‰F«
fz¡»l¥gL»wJ
ϪÂah bj‹nk‰F gUt¡ fh‰¿‹ _y« M©o
‰F 250 br,.Û. kiH¥bghêit bgW»wJ.
4. khwhjJ

5. fhyãiy khWghLfŸ
ãy¤njh‰w ntWghLfŸ

6. fhyãiyia ã®zæ¡F« fhuâfŸfhyãiyia ã®zæ¡F« fhuâfŸ
cau«
flèèUªJ öu«
fh‰W
kiyfë‹ mikÎ
m£r§fŸ

7. óg¤Âa nuif
flfnuif
High Temp
Low range
High range
of Temp
guªj m£r§fŸ
flf nuif ϪÂa hé‹
eLnt br‹W ϪÂahit Ôgf
‰g ϪÂah ,òw Ôgf‰g
ϪÂa h vd Ãç¡»wJ.
.
bj‹ ϪÂah mad k©ly fhyãiy
gFÂæš mikªJŸsJ.
tl ϪÂah äjbt¥gk©ly fhyãiy
gFÂæš mikªJŸsJ. kfunuif

8. AGRA
160
C in Jan
Darjeeling
40
C in January
cau«
HIGH ALTITUDE
LOW ALTITUDE
cau« mÂfç¡f, mÂfç¡f bt¥gãiy
x›bthU 165 Û£lU¡F« 1 0
br.
éj« Fiw»wJ.Decreasein
Tem
perature
Some places like Agra
and Darjeeling lie on the
same latitude but as
Darjeeling is situated at a
higher altitude are colder
than places in the plains.

9. cau«
The Himalayas
• Ïkakiy Fë®fhy¤Âš k¤Âa
MÁahéèUªJ tU« fL« Fë®fh‰iw
jL¤J f§if rkbtëia fL«
gåbghêéèUªJ ghJfh¡»wJ..
• nfhil¡fhy¤Âš bj‹nk‰F gUt fh
‰iw jL¤J ϪÂahé‰F
kiH¥bghêit jU»wJ

10. THE HIMALAYAS- CLIMATIC BARRIER
MonsoonWind
MonsoonWind
MonsoonWind
MonsoonWind
ColdWave
ColdWave
ColdWave
ColdWave

11. M
onsoon
W
ind
M
onsoon
W
ind
M
onsoon
W
ind
Receives high
rainfall
Receives low
rainfall
RELIEF
WesternGhatMt.
Western slopes of
the Western Ghats
get very heavy
rain fall.
Places to the East
receive low rain
fall.

12. MUMBAI
CHENNAI
KOLKOTA
DELHI
SIMLA
flèèUªJ öu«
Coastal areas have moderate climate where as
Interior parts have extreme climate.
Coastal areas have moderate climate where as
Interior parts have extreme climate.

13. flš fh‰W k‰W« ãy¡fh‰W
1.gfš neu¤Âš flèèUªJ ãy¤ij neh¡» ér¡Toa flš
fh‰whdJ ãy¥gFÂæš gfš neu bt¥gãiyia
Fiw¡»‹wJ.
2. ÏuÎ neu¤Âš ãy¤ÂèUªJ fliy neh¡» ér¡Toa
ãy¡fh‰whdJ ãy¥gFÂæš ÏuÎ neu bt¥gãiyia
ca®¤J»wJ.
3.vdnt, fl‰fiu Xu gFÂfëš gfšneu bt¥gãiyÍ«,
ÏuÎ neu bt¥gãiyÍ« rkkhf ÏU¥gjhš Ï¥gFÂæš
ãyΫ fhyãiyahdJ rkkhd fhyãiy vd
miH¡f¥gL»wJ.
4. fl‰fiuæèUªJ bjhiyéš cŸs gFÂfS¡F Ï¡fh
‰Wfë‹ jh¡f« Ïšyhjjhš gfš neu bt¥gãiy¡F«, ÏuÎ
neu bt¥gãiy¡F« Ïilna mÂf ntWghL ÏU¥gjhš
Ï¥gFÂfëš ãyΫ fhyãiyahdJ f©l fhyãiy vd
miH¡f¥gL»wJ.

14. ϪÂahé‹ fhyãiy
• 1. ϪÂah mad k©ly gUt fh‰W fhyãiyia
bgW»wJ.
• 2. kh‹N‹ vD« brhš bksÁ« vD« muò bkhê
brhšèèUªJ tªjJ.
• Ïj‹ bghUŸ gUt« v‹gjhF«.

15. ϪÂahé‹ gUt fhy«ÏªÂahé‹ gUt fhy«
nfhil¡ fhy«
(kh®¢ Kjš nk tiu)
nfhil¡ fhy«
(kh®¢ Kjš nk tiu)
Fë®fhy«
or«g® Kjš Ã¥utç
Fë®fhy«
or«g® Kjš Ã¥utç
bj‹nk‰F gUt fh‰W fhy«
(É‹ Kjš br¥l«g®)
bj‹nk‰F gUt fh‰W fhy«
(É‹ Kjš br¥l«g®)
tl»H¡F gUt fhy«
(m¡nlhg® Kjš et«t®)
tl»H¡F gUt fhy«
(m¡nlhg® Kjš et«t®)

16. nfhil fhy«
March 300
C
April 380
C
May 480
C
kh®¢ Kjš nk khj« tiu ϪÂahé‹
nfhil¡fhykhF«.
Ï¡fhy¤Âš Nçaå‹ br§F¤J f®fŸ flf nuifæ‹
ÛJ éG»wJ.
 tl ϪÂahéš F¿¥ghf tlnk‰F ϪÂa rkbtëæš
mÂf g£r bt¥gãiy gÂth»wJ.
Ï¡fhy¤Âš tl nk‰F ϪÂahé‹ ruhrç bt¥gãiy
50° br.
tl ϪÂahÎl‹ x¥ÃL« nghJ bj‹åªÂahéš Fiwªj
bt¥gãiy gÂth»wJ.
tw©l bt¥gfh‰whd ÿ fh‰W tlnk‰F ϪÂa
rkbtëæš éR»wJ.
gŠrhÚ fhšigrh» vd miH¡f¥gL« eh®bt°l®
fh‰whdJ ϪÂahé‹ tl»H¡F gFÂæš éR»wJ.
khŠruhš vD« jy fh‰W f®ehlf k‰W«
nfush khãy§fëš fl‰fiu gFÂæš éR»wJ.

17. bj‹nk‰F gUt fh‰W
► É‹ Kjš br¥l«g® tiu ϪÂahé‰F
bj‹nk‰F gUt fh‰whF«.
► Ï¡fhy¤Âš NçaDila br§F¤J f®fŸ
flfnuifæ‹ ÛJ éG»wJ
► ϪÂahé‹ tlnk‰F gFÂæš bgU«
gu¥ÃŸ jhœthG¤j« cUth»wJ.
► ãy¥gu¥nghL x¥Ãlifæš bgU«
flšfŸ Fë®tiltjhš m§F ca® mG¤j«
V‰gL»wJ.
► fh‰whdJ flèèUªJ ϪÂa
ãy¥gFÂia neh¡» éR»wJ.
► Ï¡fh‰W ϪÂa Ôgf‰g mik¥ghš
ÏU »isfshf Ãç»wJ. muà flš »is
t§fs éçFlh »is ÃçªJ ϪÂahé‰F
kiHia bfhL¡»wJ.
► É‹ Kjš br¥l«g® tiu ϪÂahé‰F
bj‹nk‰F gUt fh‰whF«.
► Ï¡fhy¤Âš NçaDila br§F¤J f®fŸ
flfnuifæ‹ ÛJ éG»wJ
► ϪÂahé‹ tlnk‰F gFÂæš bgU«
gu¥ÃŸ jhœthG¤j« cUth»wJ.
► ãy¥gu¥nghL x¥Ãlifæš bgU«
flšfŸ Fë®tiltjhš m§F ca® mG¤j«
V‰gL»wJ.
► fh‰whdJ flèèUªJ ϪÂa
ãy¥gFÂia neh¡» éR»wJ.
► Ï¡fh‰W ϪÂa Ôgf‰g mik¥ghš
ÏU »isfshf Ãç»wJ. muà flš »is
t§fs éçFlh »is ÃçªJ ϪÂahé‰F
kiHia bfhL¡»wJ.
HIGH TEMPERATURELOW PRESSURE

18. ONSET OF SOUTHWEST MONSOON
TROPIC OF CANCER
JUNE
L
P
EQUATOR
SOUTH EAST TRADE WINDS
DUE TO FERRALS LAW
WHEN THE SOUTH EAST
TRADE WINDS CROSS THE
EQUATOR THEY ARE
DEFLECTED TOWARDS
RIGHT AND TURN AS
SOUTH WEST
BAYOFBENGALBRANCH
ARABIAN
SEA
BRANCH
ARAVALLI RANGE
LIES PARALLEL TO
THE ARABIAN SEA
BRANCH ARAVAL
LIHILLS
MUMBAI
PUNE
MUMBAI LIES IN
WINDWARD SIDE AND GET
HEAVY RAINFALL, PUNE
LIES IN LEEWARD SIDE
AND GET LESS RAINFALL
EVEN THOUGH THEY LIE
IN SAME LATITUDE
THE SUN OVER
HEAD ON
TROPIC OF
CANCER
DURING JUNE
AND HENCE THE
NORTH
WESTERN PART
OF INDIA GET
HIGHEST
TEMPERATURE
HP
WESTERNGHATS
ARABIAN SEA BRANCH IS
BLOCKED BY THE WESTERNGHAT
AND GIVE HEAVY RAINFAL TO
THE WESTERN SLOPE OF
SESTERNGHAT ND WEST
COASTAL PLAIN
DECCAN
PLATEAU RAIN
SHADOW
REGUION
MOWSYNDROM
THE WORLD
WETTEST PLACE
HIMALAYA MOUNTAINS

19. EQUATOR
MONSOON WIND
SE
Trade
SE
Trade
SE
Trade
SE
Trade
Arabian sea
Branch
Bay of Bengal
Branch

20. ONSET OF SW MONSOON
1
st June
5
th June
10
th June
15th
June
1st
July
15
th July

21. TEMPERATURE- JULY
200
C
250
C
300
C 20
0C
300
C
25
0C
30
0C

22. ► m¡nlhg® Kjš et«g® tiu
ϪÂahé‰F tl»H¡F gUt¡ fh
‰W fhykhF«.
► Ï¡fhy¤Âš Nçaå‹ br§f¤J
f®fŸ òéæil nfh£o‹ ÛJ
éG»wJ.
► Vdnt tl ϪÂahéš Fiwªj
bt¥gãiy gÂthtjhš mÂf mG¤j
ika« cUth»wJ.
► ãygFÂnahL x¥ÃL« nghJ flš
gFÂæš mÂf bt¥g« gÂthtjhš
Fiwªj mG¤j« cUth»wJ.
► Ï¡fhy¤Âš bj‰nk‰F gUt¡ fh
‰W Ëdila Jt§F»wJ.
► Ï¡fh‰whdJ ãy¤ÂèUªJ fliy
neh¡» éR»wJ.
► Ï¡fh‰whdJ jäœeh£il jéu k
‰w gFÂfS¡F kiHia
jUtšiy..
► m¡nlhg® Kjš et«g® tiu
ϪÂahé‰F tl»H¡F gUt¡ fh
‰W fhykhF«.
► Ï¡fhy¤Âš Nçaå‹ br§f¤J
f®fŸ òéæil nfh£o‹ ÛJ
éG»wJ.
► Vdnt tl ϪÂahéš Fiwªj
bt¥gãiy gÂthtjhš mÂf mG¤j
ika« cUth»wJ.
► ãygFÂnahL x¥ÃL« nghJ flš
gFÂæš mÂf bt¥g« gÂthtjhš
Fiwªj mG¤j« cUth»wJ.
► Ï¡fhy¤Âš bj‰nk‰F gUt¡ fh
‰W Ëdila Jt§F»wJ.
► Ï¡fh‰whdJ ãy¤ÂèUªJ fliy
neh¡» éR»wJ.
► Ï¡fh‰whdJ jäœeh£il jéu k
‰w gFÂfS¡F kiHia
jUtšiy..
tl»H¡F gUtfh‰W mšyJ ÂU«Ã tU«
bj‹nk‰F gUt fh‰W
LOW PRESSURE

23. MECHANISAM OF NORTH EAST MONSOON
TROPIC OF CANCER
DECEMBER
H
P
ARAVAL
LIHILLS
THE SUN
STARTED TO
MOVE
TOWARDS
TROPIC OF
CAPRICORN
AFTER JUNE
AND HENCE THE
NORTH
WESTERN PART
OF INDIA GET
LOW
TEMPERATURE
COMPARED
WITH SOUTH
INDIA
LP
EASTERNGHATS
HIMALAYA MOUNTAINS

24. Ganga
Delta
Northern Plain
WIND DIRECTION- WINTER
Tropical cyclone

25. WINTER RAINFALL
RAINFALL DUE
TO WESTERN
DISTURBANCES
RAINFALL DUE
TO NORTH EAST
WIND

26. ► or«g® Kjš Ã¥utç tiu ϪÂahé
‰F Fë® fhykhF«.
► Ï¡fhy¤Âš Nça‹ kfu nuifæš
rŠrç¡»wJ.
► Ï¡fhy¤Âš tl ϪÂah rkbtëæ‹
ruhrç bt¥gãiy
21° C
► tl ϪÂahéš fL« Fë® fhyãiy
ãyλwJ.
► Ï¡fhy¤Âš k¤Âa jiu¡flèš cUthF«
nk‰»ªÂa ÏilôW fh‰¿‹ _y«
Fiwªj msÎ kiH¥bghêitna tl
ϪÂah bgW»wJ.
► Ï¡fhy¤Âš t§f flèš cUthF« mad
k©ly Nwhtëæ‹ fhuzkhf »H¡F fl
‰fiu rkbtë mÂf kiH¥bghêit
bgW»wJ
Fë® fhy«

27. kiH¥gutš
> 300 cm
200-300cm
100-200 cm
< 50cm
► äf mÂf
kiH¥bgW« gFÂ
300 brÛ nkš
► mÂf kiH¥bgW«
gFÂ 200 Kjš 300
brÛ nkš
► äjkhd kiH¥bgW«
gFÂ 100 Kjš 200
br.Û
► Fiwthd
kiH¥bgW« gFÂ
50 br.Û.Ñœ

28. kiHÚ® mWtil
kiH bgŒÍ« fhy§fëš kiH Úiu Åzh¡fhJ ãy¤Âš
moæš nrä¤J kiHæšyhj fhy§fëš ga‹gL¤Jtj
‰F kiH Ú® mWtil mšyJ kiH Ú® nrä¥ò
v‹W bga®.
öa ÚU¡F kh‰W Mjhu« kiH Ú® k£Lnk
v‹gjhš kiH Ú® nrä¥ò Ï‹¿aikahjhF«.

29. • kiHÚ® nrä¥ò
• 1. kiHÚ® mWtil v‹gJ kiHÚiu
neuoahf nrfç¤J nrä¥gJ«,
ek¡F njitahd Úiuia óä¡F
moæš nrfç¤J njitahd bghGJ
ga‹gL¤Â bfhŸtJ.
• 2. F¿¥ghf ãiya‰w k‰W«
Óu‰w kiH¥bghêit bgW« e«
ϪÂa eh£o‰F kiH Ú® mWtil
äfΫ mtÁakhF«.

30. kÂ¥ÕLfŸ
ϪÂa fhyãiyia ã®zæ¡F« fhuâfŸ VnjD« _‹¿id TWf. ?
ϪÂa fhyãiyia ã®zæ¥gš Ïkakiyæ‹ g§»id TWf ?
ϪÂahé‹ gUt fhy§fis TW¥ÃLf ?
nk‰»ªÂa ÏilôW fh‰W¥gŸë F¿¥ò tiuf. ?
ÂU«Ã tU« bj‹nk‰F gUt fh‰¿id g‰¿ F¿¥ò tiuf ?
kiHkiwÎ Ãunjr§fŸ ahit ?
Fiwªj kiH¥bgW« gFÂfŸ ahit ?

31. THANJAVUR DISTRICT