Corruption, definition, causes, effects, existing measures, suggestions

1. Corruption
Biggest Evil in Society
By: Ajay Kumar Saini, Husain Haidery, Aditya Kamble, Aditya Shah, Vishwajeet Singh Thakur

2. Introduction
● Corruption: Misuse of entrusted power for private gain
“ Corruption is an improbity or decay in the decision-making consents to demand
deviation from the criterion which should rule his/her decision making, in exchange
for a reward, while these motives influencing his/her decision-making cannot be
part of the justification of the decision. ”
- Dr. Petrus van Duyne

3. Corruption: Characteristics
● Illegal or wrong way to do things.
● Involves a beneficiary and a victim.
● A hidden phenomenon.
○ Ethical Problem or Structural Issue
● The basic inception of corruption started with our opportunistic leaders who
have already done greater damage to our nation.
● Corruption in India is a result of the connection between bureaucrats,
politicians and criminals .

4. Corruption: Different Perspectives
● Corruption has different modes: Bribery, Fraud, Extortion, Legal corruption
and…
● Scales of corruption: small level or grand, and systematic or unorganized.
● Prevalent in each and every sector, police, politics, judiciary, education
system, religion etc.

5. Corruption: In figures
● The Indian economy suffers a loss of ₹ 364 billion in just one year excluding
some of the big scams like 2G, the Commonwealth Games and mining.
● More than 50% people in India have had first-hand experience of bribing.
● India tops the list for black money with $ 1.4 trillion in Swiss banks (Acc. to
media reports)
○ Swiss ministry of external affairs has confirmed $ 2.1 billion of black money deposited by
Indians.
● For each ₹ 100 expenditure on infrastructure by government, ₹ 84 is lost and
₹ 16 is actually spent.

6. Corruption in different sectors
1. Political Corruption:
a) abuse of public power, office, or resources by elected government officials
b) office holders maintaining themselves in office by purchasing votes by
enacting laws
2. Police Corruption:
a) not pursuing, or selectively pursuing, an investigation or arrest.
b) use of falsified evidence.

7. 3. Judicial Corruption:
a) improper sentencing of convicted criminals
b) bias in the hearing and judgement of arguments and other such misconduct.
c) to oppress the opposition parties in the detriments of the state
4. Corruption in Educational system:
a) bribing the educational institutes for obtaining an admission in the university
b) accepting bribe money in exchange of grades.

8. The republic of Scams : Jeep purchase
● The Jeep scandal was the first major scam in Independent India.
● V.K. Krishna Menon, the then Indian high commissioner to Britain, ignored
protocols and signed a Rs 80 lakh contract for the purchase of army jeeps
with a foreign firm.
● Nehru Government Ignored enquiry conducted by Ananthsayanam Ayyangar
committee.
● Instead V.K. Krishna Menon was appointed as Defense Minister of India.

9. More Scandals:
Scandal Scale Steps
Mundhra case(1958) 1.24 Cr. Rs. resignation of the then finance
minister T.T. Krishnamachari.
Bofors case (1987) 64 Cr. Rs. Resignation of the then defense
minister V.P. Singh
Hawala scandal (1991) 18 mil $ The arrest of the Jain brothers.
Fodder Scam (1996) 950 Cr Rs. Lalu Prasad yadav was forced to
tender his resignation from CM's
post and served jail time.
Commonwealth scandal (2010) 95 Cr Rs. Suresh Kalmadi was in jail for 10
months and the court asked him to
pay a surety amount of Rs. 500,000.
2G spectrum scam (2010) 17600 Cr. Rs. .A. Raja and M. K. Kanimozhi have
been in Tihar Jail for 15 months and 5
months respectively.

10. Experienced(day-to-day) incidences
● Traffic police.
● Passport verification.
● Ration Stores.
● “VIP” queues.
● Breaking/Bypassing the queue in our
mess.

11. Bribery is a trend
I have enough money. Let’s get the things done easy way!
Why would you pay the fine? You are a fool!
Hold the process till she/he offers some money.
Everybody seems to be happy. Giver thinks he has found the easy way
and taker will obviously be happy.
It saves money/efforts.

13. Major factors
● Nature of a human being: thirst for luxuries and comforts. The easy way out.
● Importance to Moral and spiritual values in educational system is not given
to the right extent.
● Inadequate punishments.
● Lack of transparency in affairs and deals.
● Salary is very less which forces the officials to involve in illegal ways.
● Lack of Unity in public.

14. Measures to fight
● Right to Information Act (RTI). Public Information Officer (PIO). Central
Vigilance Commission (CVC).
● Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988
● Establishment of special courts for speedy justice. Strong and stringent laws.
● Study employees mentality.
● Being alert. “Chalta hai” attitude.

15. Jan Lokpal Bill
● “India Against Corruption” , a focused campaign led by Anna Hazare.
○ Strengthening Anti-corruption Laws
○ A strong tool to fight corruption
● Political turmoil over Jan Lokpal Bill
● A slogan from India Against Corruption movement at Ramlila ground, Delhi -->

16. Thank you!