Impact Of The Fourth Industrial Revolution

Impact Of The Fourth Industrial Revolution
The Impacts and Applications of the Fourth Industrial Revolution
What is the Fourth Industrial Revolution and how it is important?
The developments and transformations of technological revolutions, from the First Industrial
Revolution to the Fourth Industrial Revolution, have plays important roles and significantly
influences our working environments, social commutations, and economic development (Schwab,
2016). Following by the breakthrough of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, the expanding of digital
platform and innovation of technology significantly promote the global communication, efficiency
on three aspects, included business, people, and government. In order to successfully corporate and
innovate into Fourth Industrial Revolution, the business study and the transforming from STEM to
STEAM are valuable and needed to be prepared for the future, not only with hard skills, but also
needs soft skills.
What are the impacts and challenges faced by the Fourth Industrial Revolution?
Schwab (2016) said that there are three aspects, included business, people, and government that
closely tied together and promote the development of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. These
aspects not only require us to develop innovated and collaborative mindsets of skills, but also needs
to have consciousness on the global world and changing environment. As Schwab (2016) mentioned
that the most important transformation is people and their values, which is also accordance with the
challenges
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The Supersizers Go Essay
In the BBC program, The Supersizers Go..., Giles Coren and Sue Perkins travel back in time to the
17th Century and explore the different social events and and dining aspects of this time period.
During the week of living in the Restoration era, one can see significant differences between the
appetites and health of those living under the rule of Charles II in the 1600s and those today. In
addition, we can see the differences between various social class in England during this time
reflected in the dining habits. At this point in history, the monarch was put back on the throne which
left the upper class feeling free and happy. As a result, the elite found themselves living in luxury
including their appetites. We even begin to see the rise in popularity of coffeehouses that were
frequented by upper class men who ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Three meals were eaten throughout the day, with dinner (known as lunch today) and supper
typically had several courses. At each course, both the savory and sweet dishes were served all at
once and would be eaten on the same plate. Cheese became very popular throughout the 17th
century due to no other dairy products safe to consume in England. It was such a luxury item,
especially parmesan, which was even used as currency amongst the wealthy. Copious amounts of
ale and meats were consumed during all three meals for several reasons. Beer, wine and other
alcoholic drinks were consumed by everyone, including babies, as water was undrinkable in
England at the time. Meats ranging from carp to coxcombs were viewed as delicacies only available
to elite. In addition, vegetables at the time were considered unsafe and indigestible as they came
from the ground and were not consumed by the elite, nor the poor as they sold their turnips for cattle
feed instead. The poor also did not experience the luxuries during the 1600s as the recession caused
food supply shortages and an increase in disease and

Pawn Max II Diary Report
On 5/29/17 at 1601 hrs, I was dispatched to Pawn Max II 7561 49th St N, in reference to a battery
that occurred at the bus stop. Upon my arrival, I made contact with the victim, Jason Touchton in
front of Pawn Max II. Touchton advised he was sitting at the bus stop with Tully Hout, Michael
Buff, and Thomas Flood waiting for the next bus to go north to safe harbor. While sitting there,
Hout stood up in front of him and started yelling at him for an unknown reason and struck him with
a closed fist four times on the right side of his head. Touchton advised he did not strike Hout back,
he just ran into Pawn Max II and asked the customer service representative to call Law
Enforcement. Touchton stated he wanted to press charges against Hout for

Ballad Of Birmingham By Dudley Randall
"Ballad of Birmingham" by Dudley Randall is a poem published in 1968 revealing a conversation
between an African American mother and her daughter. The poem starts off with the young girl
asking her mother for permission to participate in the Freedom March in downtown Birmingham;
however, her mother refuses because reasonably so, parents do not want their child caught up in the
middle of chaos, especially a dangerous one. During the 1960s, riots, influenced by violence such as
bomb, hose, and dog attacks, were common. It is understandable that the mother did not want her
daughter exposed to this violence. In fact, she wanted her daughter as far away from the terror as
possible. The one place that many would resort to would be a sacred place, the church. Throughout
history, the church have always been looked at as a place of holiness and can be referred to as a
place of safety. Realistically enough, just because the church is deemed a holy and sacred place does
not mean that it is exempt from evil terrors.
Tuning into the poet's biography, Dudley Randall, an African American poet from Detroit,
Michigan, was "the leading exponent of the new black poetry movement of the 1960s" (Dudley).
His mother and father were both educated people, his mother being a teacher and father being a
minister. Because his father knew about politics, Randall and his father attended many events
featuring black leaders. Through this, he was able to witness the tension behind the racial conflict.
His

John Baskerville: An Influential Typographer
Considered one of the most influential typographers in history, John Baskerville made a significant
mark on the world of print and type founding. Although considered a failure at printing during his
lifetime he produced some of the works we look to today when we speak of the development of the
typography and printing fields. An influence to other well–known typographers such as Bodoni and
Didot and printers such as Benjamin Franklin, Baskervilles' works met with hostility in the English
Isles. Baskerville was more than a typographer; he was an artist, printer and stonecutter. He
developed his own inks and papers, seeking the perfect surface and substances for many of his
endeavors including printing and japanning.
John Baskerville was ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
There he taught writing and bookkeeping. It was during this time he developed a fascination for
calligraphy. He had learned the art of stone cutting at his former appointment in which he could use
his skills in forming letters. Unknown exactly when he started stonecutting, speculations say that he
started carving gravestones as early as 1729. It is commonly held that
there are only two surviving pieces of his stone cutting works left, one is in the churchyard at
Edgbaston. There is also a small square slate slab with the inscription: "Grave Stones Cut in any of
the Hands by John Baskervill Writing Master." Baskerville did not append the last E to his name
until after he had amassed some degree of success. Baskerville maintained these two occupations
simultaneously until about 1736. (Benton) (Dent, Straus)
Baskerville longed to be rich and it was in Birmingham that he carved a life for himself as a
successful businessman in the commission and manufacturing of Japanned goods (highly
varnished). Stories are told that Baskerville, in order to discover the secrets of the local successful
Japanning professional named John Taylor, followed him about and ordered the same materials in
the same quantities and discovered the recipe to Taylor's formula for cheap varnish. It was in this
Japanned goods business that Baskerville maintained his wealth until he died.

Charles Dickens Research Paper
The Victorian era was time of epic growth. There are lots of things to talk about when it comes to
the Victorian era. You have social class. You have Christmas traditions. You can also talk about
Charles Dickens.
The Victorian era started in 1819. It ended in 1901. The Victorian era was the era of steam. All of
the work was done by hand. Even children had to work! (The
Worst Jobs in History: Victorian. Tony Robinson. YouTube, 2011.film)
In the Victorian era they had social classes that you fell in. You were either in the upper class,
middle class, working class, or under class. In upper class there were middle upper class, royal
class, and lower upper class. In middle class there were higher–level middle class or lower level
middle class. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Bbc. Co. UK 7 Dec 2015.web) this was the first Christmas card. A man named Tom Smith also
invented a way to sell sweets in 1848. The Victorians also invented decorating houses in 1881. They
also invented the Christmas dinner.
Charles Dickens was born on Friday February 7, 1812. Charles' mom,
Elizabeth, was 23 when she had him. His father, John, had stolen from the Navy Pay office and fled
to Isle of Man. Charles had never had a stable home. Him and his family moved a lot. (Dickens 12–
13)
The Christmas carol is a story about 2 men Jacob Marley and Ebenezer
Scrooge. Scrooge is an old miser and hates Christmas every since his business partner died 6 years
ago on Christmas. Marley is the ghost trying to explain to
Scrooge that if he keeps acting the way he does his fate will end up like his. This story is also about
3 ghost, the ghost of Christmas past, present, and future. They are showing Scrooge different parts
of his life and how his actions affect other people in his life. The ghost are basically just trying to
tell him what is going to happen if he doesn't change his ways.
The Victorian era is such a big topic to topic about. It is kind of hard

Effects Of Tuberculosis In The Victorian Era
Tuberculosis in the Victorian Era
Tuberculosis has been one of the most fatal diseases since the beginning of history. However, it was
especially dangerous during the Victorian Era. All Victorians experienced the distress of
tuberculosis in some way, making it a tremendous problem for society at the time. The eternal
search for an effective, absolute cure of this dreaded disease has lasted for centuries, from the
Ancient Egyptians on the Nile, to modern times. Nevertheless, several crucial leaps were made in
the medical field during the Victorian Era that helped to curb the toll of tuberculosis on society.
Tuberculosis is a potentially lethal, contagious disease, mainly caused by a bacterium known as
Mycobacterium tuberculosis, or Mtb. This ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Tuberculosis is spread from person to person through droplet infection. In other words, when an
active victim coughs, they eject millions of tiny infected aerosol droplets of sputum into the air, and
when another person breathes in the Mtb, the bacteria nestle in the lungs, make themselves at home,
and immediately begin multiplying. Contrary to popular belief, although tuberculosis is contagious,
it is not as highly contagious as compared to other infectious diseases. Around one in three close
contacts, mainly immediate family and intimate friends, and one in ten remote contacts of an
infected individual, consequently became infected as well, through exposure to contaminated air
(Tuberculosis). This nature of tuberculosis often caused tragedies in households, killing off entire
families at a time, since the most frequent visitors were

Analysis Of The Everlast : Boxing Makes You Bigger Commercial
The Everlast "Boxing Makes You Bigger" commercial seems to be about boxing but is really about
being a better person. This becomes more evident as the commercial progresses. The beginning
focuses on boxing itself. The main character, the boxer, is seen practicing relentlessly and as a
result, he wins his matches. One could attribute that to an advertising technique. The company is
promoting its products by showing victorious people using them. However, most effective
commercials progress a story that leads to a big "aha moment" or a message. They capture the
interest of the audience using a captivating, though curtailed, storyline and make a call to action at
the end. That way, viewers will be left thinking about their product or company ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
It is proclaiming that boxers, who are sometimes labeled as violent and aggressive, have the heart to
show kindness in any way possible. The commercial's last few moments on the screen include the
words "Boxing Makes You Bigger" and Everlast's slogan "Greatness Is Within." The first one places
boxing in a positive light and promotes it, but the second one is the call–to–action for everybody.
"Greatness is within." This is saying that everybody has the potential to be great and contribute
something to society, even if it is only for one person. The commercial takes place in a developing
country, which shows just some of the problems so that viewers will be inspired to make a
difference. Many people around the world are in dire need of help and it's never the wrong time to
help.
Today, there are millions of people around the world who go to bed hungry and pass every second of
their lives in poverty. We can't ignore the problems plaguing so many people around the world. Just
by giving food, clothes, and supplies, you're making someone's day a little bit brighter. Even though
one might not meet the person they are helping face–to–face, they'll be making a positive impact.
Donating, volunteering, or helping those less fortunate is all it takes to make them smile. That smile
is worth everything. It will give more

Industrial Revolution in Victorian England
The Industrial Revolution in Victorian England was a period of time in history when new inventions
and technology changed the way people lived and worked. It impacted how they communicated, the
way products were manufactured, and created new forms of cheaper and faster transportation.
Innovations resulted in changes that were previously unheard of. The invention of the steam engine
revolutionized the way people and things were transported. Manufacturers were able to ship their
goods more quickly by rail and reduce their expenses. Railroads allowed people to travel faster and
farther than in the past. The Industrial Revolution created new sources of employment, with mills
and factories attracting labor from farms to cities (Victorian ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Another type of housing built near factories were tenement homes, which consisted of multiple row
houses stacked on top of each other (Wroble 6). People lived in row houses and tenements because
they were cheap and close to work. When the next day at the mill came, a whistle woke the workers
at five AM for a 12 hour work day (Wroble 21). "Inventions just made up one thread of life in
Victorian times, but they were a distinctly colorful one" (Van Dulken 2). With the growth of
factories and population, new inventions started to spring up all over England and the United States.
Regardless of their country of origin, inventions had an impact on the whole world. People were
looking for ways to improve the quality of their lives, and for tools to make work more efficient and
productive. When the number of new inventions started to skyrocket, the patent system was created
to protect people's ideas from being copied or stolen. A patent was a document that could be
acquired, which would grant protection from other people trying to steal the preserved ideas and
intellectual property and claim them as ones own. When a patent was acquired it gave the person to
whom it was granted the rights to manufacture products that used the invention. No other people
could make a similar product and try to call it their own. If a person was found to

Ballad Of Birmingham By Dudley Randall
In the poem "Ballad of Birmingham" by Dudley Randall, the author describes how a daughter wants
to go to a march happening in the streets, but her mother's refuses because of the extreme acts of
violence from the police officers when countering the protesters. Her daughter tells her mother that
she is going to be with other infants who also want to attend the protest. However, her mother still
insists on not allowing her to go, but instead tells her to go to church, where her safety is assured.
The theme of violence plays a crucial part in the "Ballad of Birmingham." In the poem, the young
girl wants to join in the marches happening in downtown, but her mother can't let her go due to the
threat of police retribution against protesters.
When the daughter asks her mother to let her go to the march, her mother's reply is the description
of the devices that police officers uses to counter the protesters. The mother is very reluctant
towards her daughter's decision of joining the march happening on the streets of Birmingham.
According to Randall, the mother describes the outcomes of the march as the following, "For the
dogs are fierce and wild, / and clubs and hoses, guns and jails / Aren't good for a little child" (6–8).
These lines are reflecting the fear that African–American women are facing during such events.
They are opposed towards the idea of going to the march because they understand what the
outcomes will be, facing the violence from the police officers. Moreover, the

Efforts To Reduce Poverty In America
We think sometimes that poverty is only being hungry, naked and homeless. The poverty of being
unwanted, unloved and uncared for is the greatest poverty. We must start in our own homes to
remedy this kind of poverty. ~Saint Mother Teresa. Saint Teresa of Calcutta is trying to make known
that there are many different kinds of poverty. Many people, when they think about poverty, think
about the naked, or the hungry. Poverty is a much larger problem that impacts many more people of
all ages. The poverty of not being loved, not being wanted, creates many more problems, that
include domestic abuse, homelessness, and helplessness. Poverty in all its forms, existed in the
Victorian Era and continues today.
In the Victorian Era, children were told ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
We have all seen the horrific pictures of children starving in Africa, girls denied education, children
living in the streets. Mass media today has allowed for increased awareness. As a result, there are
many more programs available to help those in need. Laws to help abuse, social programs to
provide food and shelter for those in

The Victorian Life: Life During The Victorian Era
Have you ever wondered how life used to be during the Victorian Era? Well, back then people
must've work a great deal of their lives. Also, music wasn't ignored during this era. Then, education
was different then nowadays in America. Furthermore, Health and Medicine was big thing during
this era because most people were getting sick and dying because of diseases. Meanwhile, Children
from different classes ate different foods. In the Victorian Era, life was very different and was the
revolution of today's life.
First of all, People during the Victorian Era had no choice work a mass in order to support their
families along with then themselves. Most humans didn't actually have many job options, most of
the jobs were physical labor. Plus, most physical labor jobs didn't have contracts like how most of
our jobs nowadays do. Next, people's income affected how they lived during this era. Nevertheless,
day after day they worked for many hours, but did not gain a ton to be well off to buy goods they've
wanted but were able to buy goods they needed. Also Kids would work along with adults. Kids
would in numbers as opposed to adults working by themselves. Even the girls would equally work
the same as boys opposed to today's society because there weren't a lot of laws for work (Mitchell,
41). ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Most "Musicians" back then the Victorians wouldn't use instruments like we use nowadays, they
didn't have much use other than "handy materials". Ordinarily, music was enjoyed in rooms called
saloons. Saloons were once used for all sorts of entertainments, such as singing, dancing, acting,
comedies, plays and dramas. Nevertheless, the music that was originally played in the saloons were
traditional folk songs. Also, music was found as humorous also was enjoyed throughout all people.
Even women were now allowed to sing and perform in public whom once were prohibited (Music
and Musicians in the Victorian

Evaluate the contribution of a visitor attraction to the...
D1 Evaluate the contribution of a visitor attraction to the popularity and appeal of a destination or
area
In this report, I am going to evaluate the contribution of Bullring to the popularity and appeal of
Birmingham and surrounding area.
The Bullring is a major shopping and leisure area, an important attraction of Birmingham, which
located in city centre. It attracts many different types of visitors to the city and surrounding areas.
According to the Bullring fact sheets, with its £500 million transformation completed in 2003, this
leading retail venue has transformed Birmingham and redefined it as a world class shopping
destination. Housing one of only 4 Selfridges department stores, the fourth largest Debenhams, the
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Over 8000 new jobs have been created within the Burring as a result of Bullring development.
Since Bullring launch, its popularity has grown worldwide. Birmingham has risen from 13th to 3rd
in the Experian UK retail destination rankings. Bullring is now officially one of the most visited
shopping centres in the UK. Over 38.5 million visitors were recorded at Bullring last year alone
continue to make Bullring one of the most visited destinations in the UK, and it continues to attract
high quality national and international brands. Recent additions include style–leaders such as A|X
Armani Exchange, DKNY Jeans, Kurt Geiger, Tommy Hilfiger and Ben Sherman.
This has led to more restaurants, hotels being established, such as Radisson Blu was established in
Birmingham in 2006. Besides, Bullring has generated even more popularity and awareness from
some of top brands. Out of all the potential launch venues in the UK for Range Rover, this famous
car brand chose Bullring as the platform for its customer launch of the new Range Rover Sport.
Bullring was also selected as part of an international marketing campaign to endorse Johnnie Walker
as new F1 team Mclaren sponsors.
Bullring – Further Development & Big City Plan
Regeneration around the Bull Ring continues. In December of 2011, the expansion of Bullring with
the creation of 3 new restaurant

Estelle Louise Short Story
"Ain't nothin' to be worryin' about, cause you be hearin' Miss Ta Rot, tonight be my l–u–c–k–y– n–
i–g–h–t– The second Estelle Louise closes the door behind her, the makeshift window blocks
Clemmy Sue's view. While Clemmy Sue waits, she slaps the earphones over her ears, turns the CD
player to full volume, and begins to sing along with Dolly Parton. As time moves on, she decides to
drive over to the mailbox and check on Estelle Louise. Much to her surprise, the mailbox and
Estelle Louise are not there. With darting eyes, she searches the area and soon discovers that Estelle
Louise's home is on fire. Panicking, she drives in a maniacal frenzy, up Estelle Louise's slippery
driveway. Once she reaches the top, she slams the brakes, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
No sooner, does I shuts that there truck door, I be trippin' and I falls to my knees in that there mud
that be thicker than tar. I gets up, wades to my mailbox, I be stoopin' to peek inside of it, and I slips
again, rootin' my face in four foot of muddy gooey water. For a mighty, long time I struggles to gets
up. In a little bit I does and I just sits there propped up against that there mailbox post, facin' that
there road. I be tryin' to wipe that there slop off my face and I sees headlights barrelin' down upon
my body. Since I gots no place to hide, I be pushin' away from that there post and rolls like a rolling
pin several times and be landin' face down' in that there thick sticky muck. I be holdin' my breath
and I be prayin' mighty fierce for one of them there miracles. The next thing I knows I sits up and
starts breathin' again and you ain't nowhere to be found. I near about dies the second my eyes be
seeing them there flames gobblin' up my home. I be high tailin' it through that there soggy field up
to this here front yard and I sees that there Ford be sittin' in the middle of my precious flower garden
and you sleepin' in this here mud bed" "Y'all be a ninny, I wont sleeping, I be tripping over that
stupid mailbox and be falling flat on my face. And you be dumber than a plastic rock cause the
mighty man upstairs be saving your lucky ass. Estelle Louise y'all wont sitting in that rocking chair
when that truck come barreling through that front

Analysis Of Ralph David Abernathy And The Walls Came...
Ralph David Abernathy, author of And The Walls Came Tumbling Down, writes of his personal
experiences in the South through the 1930's and 40's. Abernathy talks of being a part of a great
movement that changed the face of American society and made that old way of life obsolete. Mr.
Abernathy spent his childhood in Marengo County, Alabama. His family was almost completely self
sufficient and lived off of about five hundred acres of land. After serving in the military in 1948
Abernathy became an ordained minister. He completed College at Alabama State College, where he
majored in Mathematics. Abernathy then finished his Masters degree in Sociology at Alabama State
College. He was the Pastor at First Baptist Church, in Montgomery ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
This town was the worst in the South for African Americans." One of the most racist individuals
Theophilus Eugene "Bull" Connor and the Mayor of Birmingham disregarded any of the directives
regarding desegregation given to them. Challenges did not end once these two individuals were out
of office. They still controlled the police of Birmingham and vowed to put all persons in jail that
violated any laws. Abernathy and King knew if they could win Birmingham in their efforts to
segregate then they very well could win the nation. So they set out to do this very thing. Abernathy
spoke at rallies in Birmingham while others organized a march. King and Abernathy received
warnings from ministers, Rabbi's and priest that the proposed march was "untimely and unwise".
Once receiving this information Dr. King addressed the committee and declared that they would
march right here and now! He along with Abernathy walked right out the door leaving a room full
stunned and silent individuals. They walked past many of Bull Connor's advanced scouts and police
cars to where they could hear the singing of the sixteenth Baptist Church. Once Dr. King stepped up
to the pulpit he addressed the crowd. Once they stepped out of the church they faced a number of
demonstrators which had grown tremendously, so had the number of others who were joining in the
march. It didn't take long for the police to intervene and Abernathy along with King were arrested.
They

The Healthsouth Corporation Inc.
INTRODUCTION The HealthSouth Corporation was started in 1984 by Richard Scrushy with
hopes of becoming one of the largest healthcare companies in the country. It was doing quite well
by 1996 with a market value of nearly $12 billion and was one of the United States largest
healthcare firms. This all fell apart in 2003 when it was discovered that Scrushy and his employees
had committed fraud in the estimated range of almost $2.7 billion (Daigle, Louwers and Morris
887). Scrushy, over the years, had brought on many new faces to the company. Many of these
employees were friends of Scrushy from previous business ventures and business meetings. These
employees and the others involved in the fraud were given the name 'family'; highly due to the fact
that they all knew what was happening and not one wanted to go to the authorities to confess. It was
after the fraud had gone on for nearly six years that the former CFO Weston Smith tipped off federal
investigators.
Following the actions by Smith, the four other CFO's who ran the company during the fraud came
forward which included: Aaron Beam Jr., Michael Martin, Malcom McVay, and then current CFO
William Owens. Along with the CFO's their staff members who were also in on the fraud also came
forward bringing the total number of involved to fifteen. Also the Birmingham Alabama office of
Ernst & Young came under heavy scrutiny for auditing HealthSouth during the fraud and failing to
take action on any evidence they found.

Frontline Reports On One Of Americas Most Dangerous Companies
Frontline Reports on One of Americas most Dangerous Companies
A Reaction Paper
Frontline with the New York Times reports on one of the largest iron pipe foundry companies,
McWanes Tyler Pipe, and the problem with the company. McWane Inc. was founded by J.R.
McWane in 1921 on the desolate Birmingham Alabama soil. J.R built his water and sewage pipe
manufacturing corporation to now one of the biggest privately owned companies in the nation.
Creating water and sewage pipe by melting metal and casting pipe can be very dangerous and dirty
if not handled with the right process and procedures. However, the workers say that the company
ruthlessly tries to increase production by costing the safety of its workers and has succeeded at this
with what McWanes calls "disciplined management practices". This disgusting fact has lead the
company to accumulate an abnormal amount of safety violations that include around 4,600 injuries
and 9 deaths. The sad part about all this is most of the misfortunes have happened in the past couple
decades when new age management and safety practices should have been a top most priority.
Why can't the McWane Corporation get it into their heads that worker safety needs to be a priority?
McWanes top competitor, American Cast Iron Pipe Company (ACIPCO), lives by the rule of worker
safety and is still making a large profit while being one of the top companies to work for in the
nation. On the other hand, at McWanes Tyler Pipe plant you can find the signs

The Yorkshire Canal And The Industrial Revolution
Imagine looking outside your bedroom window in the morning smelling the bacon and eggs your
mom made you. You are peering out the window and witnessing the Yorkshire Canal being made.
You suddenly comprehend that the culture around you will be changing. It will lead to new
innovations and opportunities. The first canal ever made in Yorkshire England in 1700, (Canal
Cruise). The canal was advancing the Industrial Revolution by making it more accessible to get
around.
First and foremost the canal helped progress the industrial revolution by making coastal trade faster.
"Moving heavy goods at sea along the coast of Britain was much cheaper than moving the same
items along the road network, and coastal trade was a key aspect of Britain's economy,"(Shirley
Burchill). Coastal trade was the cheapest way to transit goods, but it was also very slow. Between
1650 and 1750, before the industrial revolution half, a million tonnes of a canal was moved from
Newcastle in the north to London in the south, (Shirley Burchill). Therefore since the canal was a
man–made water it caused coastal trade to be able to transport goods from the north to the south of
England. The type of goods transported was brick, coal, and iron, (The Industrial Revolution and the
changing face of Britain). Moreover, bricks were used for many things, such as for houses, barriers,
and tombs. Bricks were very important in the society because when they ran out of stones there
ultimate result was bricks, (History of

Why Did London So Difficult To Live In Victorian London?
Would it be enjoyable to live in a city where the streets were covered in horse manure and the air
unbreathable due to soot? These were some of the conditions of Victorian Era London. In both
"Dirty Old London" by Lee Jackson and "Great Expectations" by Charles Dickens, these disgusting
conditions are discussed. London at this time was so filthy that it was difficult to live in for many
reasons. Lee Jackson gives a detailed explanation of just how awful London was in his book "Dirty
Old London". The air alone was extremely dirty, and made going outside difficult. It contained "soot
and smoke" (Jackson) which was so prevalent that it caused sheep to go "from white to black in a
period of days". (Jackson). The streets were also nauseating. They were covered in "mud", which
was actually horse manure. This would of course cause a putrid stench, also including the smell of
horse urine. London also did not have running sewage systems, they had cesspools. This was a "6
feet deep, 4 feet wide" (Jackson) hole which was used as a toilet. People called "night soil men"
would climb down into them to shovel all the waste out. Lee Jackson describes London as an overall
disgusting and grimy city with ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
When Pip first arrives in London, he says it is "rather ugly" (Dickens 161) instead of beautiful as it
is imagined. Pip describes the air as "being all asmear with filth" (Dickens 163) and he feels as if it
was sticking to him. The buildings in London also appear to be run down. Some feature of the Inn
Pip stays at would include "window's encrusting dirt" (Dickens 172). It was so extremely unkempt
that Pip could draw in the film of dirt on the window. Lastly, Pip describes some of the smells in the
Inn. He could smell everything rotting, including "rot of rat and mouse" (Dickens 171). Dickens's
use of diction demonstrates how awful it is living in the foul city of

Victorian Era Games
Have you ever wondered what games were played in the Victorian Era. There are many different
types of games that you can play, but I'm just going to give a few examples of what games they
played back then. First game that we are going to talk about is Lawn Tennis. Lawn Tennis was first
invented in 1874. Tennis was one of the most enjoyed sports in the Victorian Era, although tennis
can be traced to fourteenth century France. The game was played in nineteenth century United
States, but it was invented in England. Major T.H . Gem and Mr. Perera are created with creating the
game. The first tennis tournament was played at Nahant, Massachusetts, in 1876. William Appleton,
James Dwight, and Fred R. Sears organized the event. Dwight and Sears battled their way through
the rest of the competition and they met in the finals. Dwight beat Sears three to zero sets.
Another popular game that was played in the Victorian Era is Twenty Questions. Twenty Questions
is a classic that has been played during the 19th century. What you do is one thinks of a person,
place, or thing and the other people are the guessers and the have Twenty opportunities to guess
what the object is. It is also a great game for long boring car trips and It ... Show more content on
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One person out of the group will be blindfolded and will have to count to twenty while the others
scatter and try to hide. Then after everybody is hidden and the person that is it has counted to twenty
he tries to go find everyone blindfolded. They have to identify if its a boy or a girl and they have to
say their name and it has to be correct. Once they find out who it is the person that was it takes off
her blindfold and the person that was found has to be blindfolded and the game will begin again.
These games that were played in the Victorian Era are very interesting, but some are complicated to
play, but if you can go out and try out some of these games for

Elizabeth Barrett Browning Research Paper
The Victorian period became one of the greatest influential times in literature. The characteristics of
Victorian literature were detailed realism, social responsibility and enthusiasm for reforms. During
the Victorian period, people saw the birth of industrialization. Enormous changes occurred in the
political and social life in England. Nevertheless the industrial revolution was the birth of technical
and scientific ideology. Europe during this time saw the increase in wealth but also the increase in
poverty. In addition Factors played a big role in the wealth of Europe because of the ability of mass
production. The Victorian period was also a time of transition when women and kids were allowed
to work in factors because fathers were not able to provide on their own. Elizabeth Barrett
Browning was a poet who was ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
These reforms attacked the political and social treatment of the urban poor. The common masses
insisted in reforms because of the hardships they had dealt with, while working in factories. The
urban poor wanted social reforms that were able to touch upon the mistreatment of factor owners. In
her closing statement, Elizabeth Barrett Browning attacks the government by saying, " 'How long, O
cruel nation, will you stand, to move the world, on a child's heart?"( lines 93–94), this line in the
final paragraph of the poem has Browning pleading with the country of England to reform the
working conditions of their common mass and save the lives of the unfortunate children. Browning
was tired of these children being forced to work under unsanitary conditions while working long
hours. Cry of the Children, is Elizabeth Barrett Browning trying to rise awareness within her
country to protect the children and not letting them continue to die in these factories. Browning
know these children do not have a voice of their own, she is willing to stand up to her country to
protect those who cannot protect

Of Non-Victorian Culture In Arthur Conan's 'The Sign Of Four'
Culture is the characteristics and knowledge that govern a set of people and is expressed in
numerous ways through song, dance, cuisine, accepted norms and values and literature. across the
globe cultures differ as countries do. Different cultures tend to have bigotries towards other cultures
based the fact that different cultures may not be as advanced in technology, transportation, the fine
arts and having a structured society. Arthur Conan's, "The Sign of Four" is a mirror image of the
attitudes of persons of the Victorian era had towards members of other cultures. This paper seeks to
discuss the Victorian attitude that Arthur Conan Doyle presents to other cultures in "The Sign of
Four" in three main points. Three points will be examined which includes how the people of non–
Victorian cultures are perceived based on difference in Religion, Physical Attributes and
Technological Advances.
During the Victorian era according to an article published by the St. Thomas College English
Department, "Religion helped to shape the attitudes of the Europeans to the rest of the world." Other
cultures that did not conform to the rules of Christianity were considered spiritually ignorant. In
Arthur Conan's "The Sign of Four", Abdullah Khan, who identifies as a Sikh says, "Either you are
heart and soul with us on oath on the cross of the Christians, or your body this night shall be thrown
into the ditch."(Doyle 101). Doyle presents the idea that members of other religious cultures are

Brief Summary Of The Ballad Of Birmingham
The Ballad Of Birmingham It all started in 1963. Was not a very good year. It all happens with a
little girl and her mom. When this little girl wanted to go downtown to the marching band and
march down the streets of Birmingham. Her mom wouldn't let her go because her mom was scared
of the guns firing and bombs going off. So the girls mom said " no baby, you may not go " and the
little girl was disappointed because her friends are going and she wasn't gonna be alone. Sense she
couldn't go but her mom said she can go to the church and sing in the children's choir. Then the little
girl started brushing her dark night hair, and put on these white gloves and these shoes on her feet.
She racing down the street to go to the church and gets there

Figurative Language In Dudley Randall's Ballad Of Birmingham
When I first saw the title, "Ballad of Birmingham" I thought that this poem is going to be about the
city of Birmingham and how beautiful it is. Then I saw what was beneath the title which said, "On
the bombing of a church in Birmingham, Alabama, 1963." I now know that the poem is going to be
about a bombing, something I know but the characters don't. That sentence also tells me it takes
place in 1963 which is around the time of the civil rights movement.
The poem is about a girl who wants to go downtown and march for freedom but his mother would
not let her because she fears her daughter will get hurt. The mother sends the girl to church thinking
she will be safe there. Then the church is bombed and the girl was one of the victims
In this poem the poet and speaker are two totally people. The poet is Dudley Randall and the
speaker is a spectator. I can tell that the speaker is a speaker because he/she is telling a story for
example, "She clawed trough bits of glass and brick." This shows us that the speaker is a spectator
since he/she is telling us what is happening as if he/she were there.
In this poem there is a lot of figurative language. One of the biggest types of figurative language
used in this poem is irony. The irony in this poem is how the mother wouldn't let her child go to
march because she feared her child would get hurt. Instead she sent her child to church because she
believed it was a safe and sacred place but ironically the church ended up being bombed. Another
piece of figurative language that is very effective in this poem is imagery. The way the poem is
written helps me create images in my head for example, "She raced through the streets of
Birmingham." I can imagine her running around desperately, looking for her child. The metaphors
and hyperboles in this poem also help with the imagery, for example, "...night dark hair," and
"...rose–petal sweet." These metaphors make me think of the girls smoothly combed black hair and
her fresh and beautiful rosy smell. A hyperbole that had a huge effect on the tone was, "But that
smile was the last smile to ever come upon her face." This hyperbole really helps me understand the
effect of a tragic moment like this and how it can completely ruin

Martin Luther King Rhetorical Analysis
It was April 12, 1963, just a normal spring day. But this day would change our history in the United
States forever. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. along with one hundred protesters were arrested in the
streets of Birmingham Alabama. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., along with his staff, friends, family and
many protestors were arrested for demonstrating a peaceful non–violent protest. This was not any
protest; this protest was to stop the segregation and discrimination in Birmingham Alabama. Dr.
Martin Luther King Jr. recognized the injustice that was occurring in Birmingham Alabama and
while incarcerated in Birmingham he wrote a letter to the clergymen that describes his position of
why he was in protest in Alabama. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. wrote "I was invited here. I am here
because I have organizational ties here. Bur more basically, I am here in Birmingham because
injustice is here. Just as the prophets of the eight century B.C. left their villages and carried their
"thus saith the word." so am I compelled to carry the gospel of freedom beyond my own home."
King wrote from the Birmingham jail show details that appeal to Ethos, Pathos and logo showing us
the proof that there was discrimination still going on and his reason for the protest
King affirms his ethical appeal by using biblical references and setting himself and the clergyman as
equals "Just as the prophets of the eight century B.C. left their villages and carried their "thus saith
the lord. (1)" King compares

Are Children Growing Up Too fast Essay
ESSAY – ARE CHILDREN GROWING UP TOO FAST? I. SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION A
multiplicity of literature is available through recent researches which suggest that the current
generation of teenagers is very different from children their ages in the past, given new
manifestations in their behaviors when compared with their previous generations. Is this true or not?
A compelling argument will be made by this Author to show that in his perception that children are
growing up too fast. THESIS STATEMENT An examination of trends in current teenage behavior;
in order to prove that children are growing up too fast. II. SECTION 2 MAIN BODY Hymowitz
(1998) discussed his experiences of a daughter who in his generalised assessment "morphed ...
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My own experiences having raised three children, two girls and a boy have shown that access by
them to technology such as the computer, other technological devices and access to the internet and
television programming have contributed to aspects of their own self development which were not
available to their predecessors and in my own considered judgment, based on these developments
allow for a level of maturity beyond their young ages. Given the observations on growing p too fast,
as discussed above and inclusive of research and findings by Hymowitz (1998) which articulated on
trends observed n the society in which his daughter grew up, supporting discussions by the Sunday
Sun ( 2011); Hughes (2009); Wilson ( 2008) and my own experiences in observing the phenomena
of children maturing at an earlier age than their predecessors, I submit and support the thesis
statement that children are growing up much faster currently than their predecessors based on the
evidence provided in the discussion which support such conclusions. III. SECTION 3
CONCLUSION The phenomena of young children developing a more matured status as opposed to
their predecessors have been noted by a number of researchers. This development have been
attributed to a number of factors related to technology, exposure to activities through various
technological means which enhance their own education and even the attitude by parents, which
allow for a more matured

Victoria London as an Essential Element of Doctor Jekyll...
Victoria London as an Essential Element of Doctor Jekyll and Mr Hyde
Robert Louis Stevenson in 'Doctor Jekyll and Mr Hyde' makes London in the Victorian era an
essential element of the story, Text Box: Text Box: because London at the end of the 19th century
was the centre of a massive empire. It was the epitome of what other towns and cities should be like.
The gentlemen of London were the 'perfect' example of how everyone should behave. A respectable
gentleman was thought to be a rational man, a good Christian, a responsible person. This was the
vital concept to the leaders of Victoria's Empire. This, however, put extreme pressure on the
gentlemen of London to be absolutely perfect; they were ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
He already believed that there was an animal side to men, that "man was not truly one, but truly
two", but to remain in the high positions of society, Jekyll had to hide his darker side.
This is true of Victorian London as well. There was the respectable side of London with clean
streets, nice houses, and respectable people walking along the streets. Then there were the wild and
unruly streets that were home to the poor of London.
Text Box: The London gentlemen showed off great wealth and respectability. Their houses were
grand and elegant. They boasted of the clean streets and squares of London. However, just behind
the houses were the filthy alleys, where people lived in terrible conditions (probably worse than
most of the conditions in the 'uncivilised' colonies of the British Empire). Doctor Jekyll's house had
a back way that opened onto the dirty streets of the slums (which became a back way for Mr Hyde).
Half of the house is grand and respectable, while the other half (which only a few of Jekyll's closest
friends know is connected with the front of the house) is run down and shows obvious signs of
negligence. Tramps live on its doorstep. It is a "certain sinister block of building", like "a blind
forehead of discoloured wall" which "showed no window, nothing but a door on the lower storey".
However. Though the two sides of London are so different, they are both sides

The Victorian Era
Art Historian, Daniel Siedell said, "In such a society as the Victorians', when public society is so
stifling, steam is naturally going to be driven underground." The reform of the Victorian era, a time
in England of refinement and high decorum surrounding the years of Queen Victoria's reign, did not
produce revolution but the opposite: stagnation. And so at this time in England there were
ingredients present to create a real revolution and bring a dismantling of the Victorian spirit, but
they were underground and silent. Oscar Wilde aimed to bring that underground movement above
ground through flagrancy. Wilde's innovative faith as well as shocking literature were two gears of
the same vehicle. They were gears dependent upon each other to bring anti–Victorian aestheticism
to the surface of English society and culture. Oscar Wilde's literary revolt against propriety
paralleled his unconventional view of religion–– both were a rejection of law and an embrace of
beauty.
In as much as Wilde influenced The Victorian era and what came thereafter, the Victorians society in
England was Wilde's environment and the cause of who he was. The era, during and around when
Queen Victoria was on the throne in England, was characterized by what they thought was,
"revolution." It was grounded on delicacy, refinement, "good words," and all other forms of high
decorum that reflected the prosperous bourgeoisie according to Walter Murdoch, a prominent
Australian academic and essayist (18). In a

John Stuart Mill Research Paper
The Victorian Era brought momentous change in industry, in society, in almost every facet of life for
the people under the dominion of Great Britain. The Victorians seem to be on a mission to find their
selves and make sense of their brave New World. They were living in a time of great transition, "we
are of the time of chivalry... we are of the age of steam" (Thackeray, quoted in Henderson and
Sharpe, p 1049). This is the world of John Stuart Mill, a man with many ideas considered both a
genius and radical in his time; that would be more comfortable in the late 20th century. Mill was
honest, respectful; he espoused pro–equality, and pro–education long before it was popular. He was
born in 1806 to James Mill and Harriet Burrow Mill. Mill's ... Show more content on
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Taylor and Mill shared the same radical views on women's rights, education, and equality. He
credits her with being his inspiration, his guide, and his mentor on the subject of women (Mill).
Mill's Subject of Women clearly reflected his views that society did not know what women were
capable of because so much was forbidden to them. He felt that society did not let them try. Queen
Victoria while held up as an example as a great ruler, was the archetype of the perfect ideal woman,
wife, mother, and Queen but still a woman to be guided by society's dictates and the rule of her
husband. Mill's argued that the subordination of women to that of men was wrong, it hindered the
growth of society and should be replaced with a system of equality (Mill 1121–1129). The perceived
weakness of a woman's mind and body were not natural. This, he believed was a learned behavior
used to oppress women. He advocated that society should put a value on the duties that women
carried out daily and pay them for it in a free market (O'Connor). An interesting approach to
establishing the worth of women in Victorian

Supernatural And Symbolism In The Hound Of The Baskervilles
The Hound of the Baskervilles displays what the Victorian Era of London and its surrounding
counties were like. We see the issues of natural versus supernatural, the immense amount of crime
and how the public felt unsafe, and how there were remnants of the past as they tried to move on to
the future. Many people were trying to find their way in the world as disease broke out all across the
country. The economic situation of many was not good either, and the poor typically looked to the
prosperous for help. All of this Doyle is able to depict in the novel, enabling the audience to
sympathize with those who lived during the Victorian era.
From the beginning of the book, Doyle introduces us to the question of science and rational or
supernatural and irrational. We are faced with the death of Sir Charles and the legend of a hound
that has cursed the family for several decades. Dr. Mortimer brings forth the question to Holmes
aspiring for an answer to the recent events in which had taken place. We are told that Sir Charles
went on a walk one night and never returned. The cause of his death had been written off as the
result of "cardiac exhaustion". (Conan Doyle, 11) Dr. Mortimer, however, had observed something
that no one else had taken notice to, but did not wish to discomfort others of this finding. He
explains to Holmes that what he saw near the place where Sir Charles had lay were "the footprints
of a gigantic hound". (Conan Doyle, 13) All the events previously stated

Urinetown Costumes Analysis
The costume design of Urinetown, done by Geraldine Brodt, not only uses the costumes of the main
four characters in order to emphasize their class status but also uses colors of the outfits to
demonstrate thematic importance within the grand scheme of the musical. Urinetown, The Musical
has music composed and lyrics by Mark Hollman, book and lyrics by Greg Kotis, and the Brockport
production is directed by Ruth Childs, scenic design by P. Gibson Ralph, lighting design by Gary
Thomas Musante, costume design by Geraldine Brodt, and sound design by Paul Schreiner. The
costumes of Bobby Strong and Miss Pennywise differ quite greatly from Hope Cladwell and Mr.
Cladwell in showing visually what social class they occupy. Miss Pennywise, the woman ... Show
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She is a brunette with mid–length curly hair. Compared to a character like Miss Pennywise, Hope's
hair is able to flow naturally without being tied up, showing she doesn't do much hard work that
would need her to tie her hair back. She also wears a knee length sapphire blue dress with short
sleeves, a keyhole neckline, with the dress tying around her neck in a bow. She also wears a pair of
black high heels. Heels and a clean dress are things that the poor people in the city aren't able to
afford or wear, showing her wealth. However, by the second act after Hope becomes the leader of
the rebellion after Bobby's death, she adds a few new pieces to her outfit in order to convey her new
allegiance to the disenfranchised poor people. One thing she puts on during the "We're Not Sorry"
number is a white bandana around her forehead, tying it in the back much like what is seen on
people practicing karate, and thus showing Hope as a fighter and not simply someone who benefits
from being rich. The final piece of clothing she puts on is during the final song, "I See a River,"
where she drapes herself in a light blue flag. As she dances and moves her arms, it billows behind
her like a cape, or a river, much as she sings about in the song. With these two costume additions to
Hope during the second act, it solidifies her shift in siding with the high class and her father to
siding with the people to

Informative Speech On Chicago
I was looking for a real life example of someone that found a way to work through an impossible
problem, when I got stuck on Chicago.
I've never really been to Chicago, that stuck thing was a metaphor, but when I think of Chicago I
think of bears and bulls and cubs. Chicago seems like a place with lots of meat. Not real clear on
why, but in my head Chicago is a meaty place.1
The Chicago, in my head, has a sound too, the clarinet and saxophones first danced with the horns
and rhythms of jazz happened in Chicago and I hear that in its name.2
Chicago, in my head, is full of grit, big people, and cold weather. Chicago is tenacious, (I know that
is too big a word but that's the best one so I am going to use it without apology in true Chicago
style.) ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
He was focused on how to handle all of the...yuck that living in a town with a million people,
thousands of horses, and acres of slaughter houses creates. Most big "modern" cities of the 19th
century10 let all that nasty flow into the gutter and sewer system. Sewers are buried deep
underneath the cities they serve. They are complex tunnels that lead the waste water away from the
populated areas and then spill it out into a river or something.
That plan was not going to work in the City of Broad Shoulders,11 for two and a half reasons; One,
the ground is very flat so the waste doesn't flow anywhere is just puddles. Two, the ground Chicago
is built on is a clay that does not absorb water. And (half) it was ground really difficult to dig
through.
If your following along with pictures in your head, and you envision a busy city street with huge
piles of manure and waste blocking doors and fancy women walking through piles of poo in long
dresses then your still on track. The poo was a major pollution problem in all the big cities, even
ones with great sewer systems.11
The "waste management" problem was huge, it smelled like, well you know, and the people of the
1850's were pretty sure it was not a healthy lifestyle choice. But no one had a solution. It didn't look
like there was a solution to be

The Difference Of Interpretation On Coal Industry
Why does the difference of interpretation about coal industry appear in National Coal Mining
Museum for England and the Coal Museum of China? Based on the analysis of interpretation
methods in two museums, it could be found that the position of coal industry is different in two
countries. In the UK, selectively memories and a sense of nostalgia about the generation of coal
industry in the UK appear in the museum. On the contrary, the national coal museum tends to
represent that although the energy structure has been started to change, coal resource still plays an
irreplaceable role in China. To analyze why the difference of interpretation appears in two national
coal museums, it is necessary to examine the past and the present conditions of coal industry in the
UK and China. There are an increasing number of open–air museums in the UK. In essence, these
museums not only were built to preserve buildings and objects and recall historical memory, but
also were used to recall a significant generation or a period. John Ruskin in the book named The
Seven Lamps of Architecture pointed out that the glory of a building or a collection is not in its
material or its size, but in its generation. In other words, great era could bring the honor of history
for people. Especially for the industrial past, it is easier to motivate the nostalgic impulse. In Britain,
coal resource not only influenced the development of industry and technology, but also improved
people's daily life and

Sustainable Economic Development of Birmingham Essay
The creation of a strong and sustainable economy in any city requires a numerous variation of
factors and a careful balance of strategic policies made by the city council, local planners or other
vital participants in the building of a successful urban dynamic. With the dramatic decline of the
manufacturing sector in many of Britain's major cities such as Birmingham, a strong and sustainable
economy has almost been out of reach. Unemployment and the great suburban decentralisation of
residences have caused the heart of major cities in Britain to suffer and decline economically. The
predominant question that must be asked is what policies and strategic priorities regarding
Birmingham's economy can be put in place so that regeneration ... Show more content on
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However this view is not necessarily shared by all. In 2004 James Dyson explained to the BBC that
in order for a city to progress it must sustain a manufacturing base instead of moving away from it.
He uses the example of a modern day developing country such as china, whose economic
progression is enormous, with most of the regards going to their extensive engineering and
manufacturing industry. However, if this is applied as the predominant way of generating wealth in
Birmingham then this may not be as affective. To begin with, the labour pool is far smaller so to
keep up the pace with China may be impossible especially as China have already mastered low–cost
production. Also Dyson's view on industry is extremely idealistic. He states the need to return to
manufacturing. He mentions past accomplishments made by Britain in accordance to great
engineering feats such as the coal mines. However he fails to acknowledge the simple fact that in
Britain's manufacturing base is in decline whilst the growing industries are, service and the creative
sectors. Failure to tenure these industries will end chance of Britain and its major cities such as
Birmingham maintaining economic power in the world. There are many possible policies and
strategies in which Birmingham can itself put forward to utilise service and creative industries. A
suggestion has been put forward by Turok (2005) which is to have more of a creative role in public
policy in bringing together different firms

Character Analysis: The Homeless Soldier
ory is based on my loose association with veteran groups who helped the homeless veterans, and on
my conversations with my coworkers who are veterans. My experiences occurred over a span of
forty years. The story begins with two friends drinking. Leo wants his friend, Glover, to enlist and
fight in the Iraq war. Because Leo saved his life, Glover feels he should enlist with his friend, but
Glover doesn't want to enlist. He realizes his choice is between becoming a soldier because it is
right and just or becoming a husband because it is right and just. His friend Leo reconnects Glover
with his high school sweetheart, who lost her first husband to PTSD. She doesn't war like Glover's
family and friends and her views complicate his choice. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
My writing draws on those experiences as well as my years growing up in the farmland outside
Detroit, Michigan, and the time I spent in the Army during the Vietnam War. I graduated in 1995
with my MFA from San Diego State University. I first published work in 1975 and have published
poetry and essays in various magazines. My first collection of poems, "The Lost Pilgrimage Poems
were published in 2006 and my second collection of poems were published 2014. My first
chapbook, On the Wing, was published by Barnes and Noble. My second chapbook, Father of
Boards and Woodwinds, was published by the Inevitable Press for the Laguna Poets Series. I was a
finalist in the Tennessee Middle State Chapbook contest in 1996 for my chapbook, If I Could
Imagine, and won the 1997 Tennessee Middle State Chapbook contest with my chapbook, Among
Men. In 1999, The Laguna Poets Series published my latest chapbook, Now She Bends Away, by
Inevitable Press. My poems "Among Men," "Letters from Paul," and "The Way It Was," were
nominated for the Pushcart Prize. I received an Excellence in Literature award from MiraCosta
College 2005 and won the Hackney Award in

A Short Story : A Story?
His feet sunk deep into the fresh snow as he picked his way down the sidewalk, hood up, watching
the crystal flakes drift past and fall onto a silent street. It was dark enough for his vision to be
blocked, 5:30 at night. Malaki was out without parental permission, but he didn't care. He was
sixteen, he could make his own decisions. He was out "studying" with a few friends, if studying
means partying that is. His parents should've been in bed when he got home but just in case Maliki
would sneak in through his window. He crawled in his window, the room pitch black. He went to
turn his light out but his mom had beat him there. She flicked his lights on and crossed her arms.
Her husband shook his head. "What were you doing out this late Maliki?" She demanded in an
angry way. "I was just out studying Mom" He responded in a low, aggressive tone. "The stench of
beer and cigarettes says otherwise!" His dad yelled at him. "Phone now!" His mom demanded.
Maliki handed over his phone. "You will get this back after Christmas break. You will stay in this
room unless you need to use the restroom or unless we call you down. You will open your gifts from
family and friends the last day of your break. You do not leave the house. Understand me?" "Yes
mom" "Good! Enjoy yourself" His mom grabbed his computer and T.V. remote and left. Maliki
flopped down on his bed. "Great!" He said sarcastically, "What do I do when my friends text me
asking if I have plans, or if I want to hang out?" He had

GCSE Geography Coursework Assessment Document: Has the...
Geographical understanding (Introduction)
I am doing my GCSE geography coursework assessment for 25% of my total mark in controlled
assessment, the main topic I am encompassing is associated with the CBD of Birmingham, and my
task is to research the hypothesis if Birmingham's CBD has been a more desirable place to work and
shop (i.e. the header). I will use secure primary evidence I have conducted and secondary data to
reinforce my investigation.
The key concept of the terms definitions I'm discussing is usually defined: Urban Regeneration: To
designate (a street) for the use of pedestrians only, disallowing motor vehicles, normally to prohibit
traffic conditions.
Environmental Quality: Environmental quality is a set of properties and ... Show more content on
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Birmingham's CBD had to endure hardship from lack of customers before the regeneration. This
creates problems that CBD's aren't able to cope with recessions.
The location I wish to converse is with reference to Birmingham's CBD, specifically the Bullring,
Brindley place and the Mail box. Its original location is in the United Kingdom, in England, in the
West Midlands and locally found in the centre of Birmingham:
Birmingham's CBD
Birmingham is a thriving industrial and commercial centre situated in the heart of England, a highly
common urban area that is located in the centre of the west midlands. Birmingham has been
regenerating itself visually as well as industrially with developments such as the Mailbox and the
recently rebuilt Bull Ring Shopping Centre, making it a striking attractive modern European city.
Birmingham is also authorised by the Birmingham city council, currently one of the largest council
in Europe. There are many attractions such as The Jewelry Quarter and Brindley place.
My background in this investigation is also visible, for instance, .questions asked such as;
What were the problems with the CBD?
What has been done/is being done to cure the city's fear of crime, vandalism and bad reputation in
Birmingham's CBD?
The regeneration for Birmingham's CBD was needed for a number of reasons (key points):
All will be further discussed in detail though out my

St Patrick's Festival in Birmingham
Marketing–Mix
According to Kotler et al. (2005), the term marketing mix indicates all of the marketing activities
which are applied by the company for an individual range of services at the target market. The
traditional instruments of the marketing mix are the 7 P's of Marketing. Those are product, price,
place, promotion, people, process and physical evidence. In the following paragraphs the marketing
mix will be applied to the St Patrick's Festival in Birmingham.
Product
The Festival lasts three weeks. During these weeks there are different events held for the whole
family. Beside the different events the people are celebrating with a St Patrick's Parade from Camp
Hill to Digbeth (St. Patrick's Birmingham, n.d.). The Parade is the third biggest world parade after
New York and Dublin (BBC News, 15.03.2014). The city is hosting the event since 1996 (BBC
News, 17.03.2014).
Price
The events are mostly for free. However some events costs money for example the Irish Music
Night or the Festival Launch. But the events are charged because the organizers have to cover their
costs. The Irish Music Night is held in a theatre where the rent has to be paid for. Additionally the
band needs to get paid. Moreover at the Festival Launch, the customers have to pay 10 pounds but
this event includes a two course menu and live music (St Patrick's Birmingham, n.d.).
The organization is a non–profit organization and the festival is financed through donations. The
Hennessey's Bar is holding

A brave group of young men and women, black and white...
A brave group of young men and women, black and white alike traveled through the south to
support black rights (Adamson 39–70). Contributors did not use violence or fight to make a
difference (Adamson 39–70). They simply avoided the hate and anger they somehow held inside.
Riders traveled through many states, carrying with them a motive, which they were on this ride.
Blacks had rights too. The patriotic group the Freedom Riders traveled non–stop towards the south
to fight for African Americans. Men and women left knowing they might not come back to their
families. There was thirteen riders total on the bus. There were seven blacks and 6 whites. Some
riders left wills and letters behind for their loved ones (McHhorter 61–66). Black ... Show more
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The riders that were chosen were up for a lot. Making your way and suddenly your life is in danger.
First stop was in North Carolina. There was no violence from North Carolina to Virginia (Adamson
39–70). Aniston, Alabama was where serious violence started. After members were released from a
hospital, for their injuries, members switched to two different busses for safety (Adamson 39–70).
Planning to arrive in New Orleans on May 17, 1961, riders were easily delayed by the mobs in
Anniston and Birmingham, Alabama. The Anniston attack would slow young contributors' bus down
by many days (Adamson 39–70). Soon later the rides ended but, memory of brave, young, riders
lives on forever. Imagine, traveling through the most racial violent state when you were fighting for
black rights. Burmingham and Anniston, Alabama was more violent out of all the cities. The biggest
attacks and the most violence happened there (Stoper). In Anniston, Alabama members were
attacked in the most violent ways ever imagined (Stoper). Buses tires were slashed, they were even
trapped in the bus. White attackers threw a bomb in the bus with hopes the riders would be burned
alive (Stoper). Participants barely escaped with their lives when they crawled out the back of the bus
at the last second (Stoper). When finally out of the bus, they were almost beaten by the white mob.
One of members was beaten so badly he was crippled for life (Stoper). Later that week, riders were
jailed for

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