This document summarizes a guest lecture on how GIS 2.0 impacts humanitarian affairs and genocide studies. GIS 2.0 is defined as incorporating web 2.0 principles of openness, collective intelligence and network effects into geographic information systems. This allows for ubiquitous communication through wireless networks and cloud computing. Examples are given of how crowdsourcing through OpenStreetMap helped relief efforts in Haiti, and how virtual globes like Google Earth can integrate qualitative and quantitative data to study issues like genocide. The conclusion is that GIS 2.0 provides a framework to better understand humanitarian crises by combining different data sources.

1. GIS 2.0: Impacts on Humanitarian Affairs and Genocide Studies Joshua S. Campbell – 22 March 2010 Guest Lecture: Geography 571 – Geography and Genocide

2. Biography PhD Candidate GIS 2.0: Definition, Implications for Humanitarian Information Management, Disruptive Strategy for Implementation Built the Cyberinfrastructure system at KARS/KBS 4th year of the project Web mapping core, metadata portal, dynamic HTML redesign Humanitarian Intelligence Analyst Humanitarian Information Unit (HIU), U.S. Department of State

3. Open Street Map – Haiti Edits Video http://vimeo.com/9182869

4. What is Web 2.0? “a transformative force that’s compelling companies across all industries towards a new way of doing business characterized by harnessingcollective intelligence, openness, and network effects” --Tim O’Reilly

5. What is a GIS? A digital representation of the earth, structured to support analysis (Dobson, 2007) Automated systems for the collection, storage, retrieval, analysis, and display of spatial data (Clarke, 1995) Should also include dissemination Composed on software, hardware, and people

7. Web 2.0 philosophy

8. collective intelligence, network effects, openness

9. Internet as a platform

10. Open Standards

12. GIS 2.0: A Reformulation Ubiquitous communication Widespread wired and wireless networks (voice and data) Device convergence Mobile devices increasing in power and functionality Phone, camera, GPS, form-based database input, cellular, wifi Cloud computing SaaS, PaaS, IaaS Network-driven commoditization of IT

21. Swift River – Crowdsource the filter

26. Review: GIScience and Genocide (Madden and Ross) Integrating qualitative and quantitative methods Critical GIS: Debate within Geography Utility of high-resolution satellite imagery Ability to ‘scale’ the data from personal narrative to landscape Virtual Globes as a medium for communication Ease of use – Simplified GIS tools

28. Review: 8 Stages of Genocide (Stanton) The eight stages of genocide are: 1. Classification 2. Symbolization 3. Dehumanization 4. Organization 5. Polarization 6. Preparation 7. Extermination 8. Denial Utility of GIScience The World is Watching

29. Darfur – U.S. Declares Genocide (9-Sept-2004)

35. Google Earth Demo…..

36. Conclusion Long-term trend: The importance of GIScience in humanitarian affairs and genocide studies will continue to increase Evidence: Darfur (high-resolution satellite imagery) Haiti (Ushahidi and Crisis Mappers) Iran (Twitter) GIS 2.0 provides the framework for harmonizing the qualitative / quantitative divide in Geography