This document defines and provides examples of different types of verbals: participles, gerunds, and infinitives. Participles can act as adjectives and come in three forms - present, past, and perfect. Gerunds act as nouns and always end in "-ing". Infinitives can function as nouns, adjectives, or adverbs and generally appear with "to". Examples are given to illustrate how each verbal can be used.

1. ignatius joseph n estroga

2. A verbal is a word
derived from the verb
but used as noun,
adjective, or adverb.
ignatius joseph n estroga

3. I. PARTICIPLES
I. GERUNDS
II. INFINTIVES
ignatius joseph n estroga

4.  A “participle” is a form of a
verb that can act as an
adjective.
ignatius joseph n estroga

5. EXAMPLES:
The running water caused a flood.
The dreaded fruit fly infiltrated the
valley.
ignatius joseph n estroga

6. Kinds of Participles Forms Examples
Present Participle Ends in -ing It was a taxing day.
The smiling child
waved.
Past participle Usually ends in –ed, I drank chilled cider.
sometimes –en or Throw out that
another irregular broken-cup.
ending
Perfect Participle Includes having or Having rested, I
having been before a awoke.
past participle Having been praised,
I felt proud.
ignatius joseph n estroga

7. As a VERB :
She coveted the ring.
The accountant is swindling.
As a PARTICIPLE:
The coveted ring was soon hers.
The swindling accountant was
apprehend.
ignatius joseph n estroga

8.  A “gerund” is a form of a verb that
acts as a noun.
When a verb ending in –ing
functions as a noun, it is called
gerunds.
ignatius joseph n estroga

9.  As a SUBJECT:
ex. Painting is a pleasant hobby.
 As a DIRECT OBJECT :
ex. I mastered flying.
 As an INDIRECT OBJECT :
ex. Agnes gave knitting a try but soon put her
needles away.
 As an OBJECT of a PREPOSITION
ignatius joseph n estroga

10.  As an OBJECT of a PREPOSITION:
ex. Eat lunch before leaving.
 As an PREDICATE NOMINATIVE
ex. My new hobby is golfing.
 As an APPOSITIVE:
ex. My favorite sport, fishing gives me hours of
pleasure.
ignatius joseph n estroga

11.  AS A PART OF A VERB PHRASE:
Ex. The audience is cheering.
 AS A PARTICIPLE:
Ex. The singer enjoyed the cheering audience.
 AS A GERUND (subject):
Ex. The cheering grew thunderously loud.
ignatius joseph n estroga

12.  A third type of verbal. Infinitives can
function as three parts of speech.
An “infinitive” is a form of a verb that
generally appears with the word to
and acts as a noun, adjective, or
adverb.
ignatius joseph n estroga

13. EXAMPLES :
To go to Spain is my dream.
I ordered dinner to go.
She was happy to go.
ignatius joseph n estroga

14. AS A NOUNS:
 As a SUBJECT:
Ex. To fly scares many people.
 As a DIRECT OBJECT:
Ex. With two weeks off, Nina planned to relax.
 As an PREDICATE NOMINATIVE:
Ex. This semester, all Joel wanted was to pass.
 As an OBJECT PREPOSITION:
Ex. The race was about to start.
 As an APPOSITIVE:
Ex. The suggestion, to forfeit, was rejected.
ignatius joseph n estroga

15.  As an APPOSITIVE:
Ex. The suggestion, to forfeit, was rejected.
 As an APPOSITIVE:
Ex. The suggestion, to forfeit, was rejected.
AS A MODIFIERS:
 As an ADJECTIVE:
Ex. The whole team displayed an ardent desire to participate.
 As an ADVERB:
Ex. The Golden Gate Bridge was a sight that was beautiful to
see.
ignatius joseph n estroga