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Ap Psych Vision Part 1
- 1. Vision 1 • Learning Goals: – Students should be able to answer the following: 1. What is the energy that we see as visible light? 2. How does the eye transform light energy intro neural messages? 1 Rating Student Evidence 4.0 Expert I can teach someone else about how we see energy as visible light and how transduction occurs in the eye. In addition to 3.0 , I can demonstrate applications and inferences beyond what was taught 3.0 Proficient I can analyze about how we see energy as visible light and how transduction occurs in the eye and compare/contrast the Aspects of the learning goal. 2.0 Developing I can identify terms associated about how we see energy as visible light and how transduction occurs in the eye, but need to review this concept more. 1.0 Beginning I don’t understand this concept and need help!
- 2. CNS Ignoring Light The Eye Seeing Taste/Smell Sound The Ear Touch/Pain Movement Perception Gestalt Depth cues Illusions Vision & Energy • Light Characteristics 1. Hue (color) – the dimension of color determined by the wavelength of the light 2. Wavelength – Different wavelengths of light 3. Intensity – Amount of energy in a wave determined by amplitude. It is related to brightness 2
- 3. CNS Ignoring Light The Eye Seeing Taste/Smell Sound The Ear Touch/Pain Movement Perception Gestalt Depth cues Illusions
- 4. CNS Ignoring Light The Eye Seeing Taste/Smell Sound The Ear Touch/Pain Movement Perception Gestalt Depth cues Illusions
- 5. CNS Ignoring Light The Eye Seeing Taste/Smell Sound The Ear Touch/Pain Movement Perception Gestalt Depth cues Illusions Transduction • Transduction is a process by which light is converted into electrical signals in the rod cells, cone cells and photosensitive ganglion cells of the retina of the eye.
- 6. CNS Ignoring Light The Eye Seeing Taste/Smell Sound The Ear Touch/Pain Movement Perception Gestalt Depth cues Illusions The Structure of the Eye
- 7. CNS Ignoring Light The Eye Seeing Taste/Smell Sound The Ear Touch/Pain Movement Perception Gestalt Depth cues Illusions The Structure of the Eye Cornea = outer covering of the eye.
- 8. CNS Ignoring Light The Eye Seeing Taste/Smell Sound The Ear Touch/Pain Movement Perception Gestalt Depth cues Illusions The Structure of the Eye Pupil = the adjustable opening in the center of the eye through which light enters.
- 9. CNS Ignoring Light The Eye Seeing Taste/Smell Sound The Ear Touch/Pain Movement Perception Gestalt Depth cues Illusions The Structure of the Eye Iris = a ring of muscle tissue that forms the colored portion of the eye around the pupil and controls the size of the pupil opening. • The iris dilates/constricts in response to changing light intensity
- 10. CNS Ignoring Light The Eye Seeing Taste/Smell Sound The Ear Touch/Pain Movement Perception Gestalt Depth cues Illusions The Structure of the Eye Lens = the transparent structure behind the pupil that changes shape to help focus images (accommodation) on the retina.
- 11. CNS Ignoring Light The Eye Seeing Taste/Smell Sound The Ear Touch/Pain Movement Perception Gestalt Depth cues Illusions The Structure of the Eye Retina = the light-sensitive inner surface of the eye, containing the receptor rods and cones plus layers of neurons that begin the processing of visual information.
- 12. CNS Ignoring Light The Eye Seeing Taste/Smell Sound The Ear Touch/Pain Movement Perception Gestalt Depth cues Illusions
- 13. CNS Ignoring Light The Eye Seeing Taste/Smell Sound The Ear Touch/Pain Movement Perception Gestalt Depth cues Illusions The Structure of the Eye Blind Spot = the point at which the optic nerve leaves the eye, creating a “blind” spot because no receptor cells are located there.
- 14. CNS Ignoring Light The Eye Seeing Taste/Smell Sound The Ear Touch/Pain Movement Perception Gestalt Depth cues Illusions The Structure of the Eye Fovea = the central focal point in the retina, around which the eye’s cones cluster. (cones-color, rods-b/w)
- 15. The fovea allows for line of sight is a virtual line between the fovea and a fixation point that allows for 100% visual acuity (sharpness) CNS Ignoring Light The Eye Seeing Taste/Smell Sound The Ear Touch/Pain Movement Perception Gestalt Depth cues Illusions Foveal Vision 15
- 16. CNS Ignoring Light The Eye Seeing Taste/Smell Sound The Ear Touch/Pain Movement Perception Gestalt Depth cues Illusions The Structure of the Eye Optic Nerve = the nerve that carries neural impulses from the eye to the brain.
- 17. CNS Ignoring Light The Eye Seeing Taste/Smell Sound The Ear Touch/Pain Movement Perception Gestalt Depth cues Illusions Crash Course Vision 17
- 18. Learning Goal: 1. What is the energy that we see as visible light? 2. How does the eye transform light energy intro neural messages? 18 Rating Student Evidence 4.0 Expert I can teach someone else about how we see energy as visible light and how transduction occurs in the eye. In addition to 3.0 , I can demonstrate applications and inferences beyond what was taught 3.0 Proficient I can analyze about how we see energy as visible light and how transduction occurs in the eye and compare/contrast the Aspects of the learning goal. 2.0 Developing I can identify terms associated about how we see energy as visible light and how transduction occurs in the eye, but need to review this concept more. 1.0 Beginning I don’t understand this concept and need help!
Editor's Notes
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- We all have the ability to convert one sort of energy to another. Our eyes, for example, receive light energy and transduce (transform) it into neural messages that our brain then processes into what we consciously see. The energies we experience as visible light are a thin slice from the broad spectrum of electromagnetic energy. Our sensory experience of light is determined largely by the light energy’s wavelength, which determines the hue of a color, and its intensity, which influences brightness.
- Intensity increases with larger amplitude
- Want to see your own retina?
- The retina’s rods and cones (most of which are clustered around the fovea) transform the light energy into neural signals. These signals activate the neighboring bipolar cells, which in turn acti- vate the neighboring ganglion cells, whose axons converge to form the optic nerve that carries information via the thalamus to the brain. Where the optic nerve leaves the eye, there are no receptor cells—creating a blind spot. The cones, which are located mostly in the fovea, enable vision of color and fine detail. The rods enable black-and-white vision, remain sensitive in dim light, and are necessary for peripheral vision.