Blood velocity and pressure Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide transportation in the blood

1. TOPIC 4 – BLOOD TRANSPORTATION
SYSTEM PART 2
Understand the transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide by the blood, including
the roles of haemoglobin and myoglobin in oxygen transportation
Learning Outcomes:
A – Identify, describe and explain the key terms
relating to the blood transport system
CJ, CE, RM
B – Identify and describe the key terms relating
to the blood transport system
SF, AC, JH,
C – Identify the key terms relating to the blood
transport system
JB, JB, AA, GB
Do Now Task – Attempt to define these keywords
relating to lungs function (9 marks Total)

2. QUESTIONS
 The amount of air breathed in or out per breath is the definition of what volume? (1 mark)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………
 What is the definition of Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV)? (1 mark)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………
 What is the definition of Expiratory Reserve Volume (IRV)? (1 mark)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………
 Maximal amount of air exhaled after maximal inspiration is the definition of what volume? (1 mark)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………
 What is residual volume? (1 mark)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………
 What is the equation for Total Lung Capacity? (4 marks)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………

3. ANSWERS

4. INTRODUCTION
Understand the transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide by the blood, including
the roles of haemoglobin and myoglobin in oxygen transportation
About 3% of oxygen can be dissolved in plasma and
carried through the body but the rest of it has to move
through the body in a chemical combination.
This chemical combination uses the red pigment
haemoglobin that is found in red blood cells.
1 haemoglobin molecule can carry a maximum of 4
molecules of oxygen

5. THE REACTION
Understand the transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide by the blood, including
the roles of haemoglobin and myoglobin in oxygen transportation
Hb + O2  HbO2 (oxyhaemoglobin)
This is reaction of haemoglobin
combining with oxygen to form
oxyhaemoglobin.
This reaction is reversible and dependant
on the partial pressure of O2.
This partial pressure is equivalent to its
concentration and can be known as
oxygen tension

6. PROCESS
Understand the transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide by the blood, including
the roles of haemoglobin and myoglobin in oxygen transportation
When all the haemoglobin is combined with oxygen it
is said to be 100% saturated with O2.
This mainly occurs in the lungs when the O2
concentration is high.

7. PARTIAL PRESSURES
Understand the transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide by the blood, including
the roles of haemoglobin and myoglobin in oxygen transportation
Arterial blood –
Partial pressure O2 = 90-100mmHg
Haemoglobin = 97-97% saturated
At the tissues –
Partial pressure – 40mmHg
Haemoglobin – 75% saturated
Oxygen going to working muscles – More is realised during
exercise, nearly no O2 left in haemoglobin

8. WHAT AFFECTS IT
Understand the transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide by the blood, including
the roles of haemoglobin and myoglobin in oxygen transportation
The amount of O2 that is realised from haemoglobin
can be affected.
Acidic conditions – O2 splits easily from haemoglobin.
There is a shift in the dissociation curve when this
happens.
This is known as the Bohr shift. (pg. 47-48)
Why do we get more acidity in the blood?

9. WHAT AFFECTS IT
Understand the transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide by the blood, including
the roles of haemoglobin and myoglobin in oxygen transportation
Temperature increase – Lowers the hold of oxygen by
haemoglobin so more is realised to tissues (muscles).
When do our muscles warm up?

10. MYOGLOBIN
Understand the transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide by the blood, including
the roles of haemoglobin and myoglobin in oxygen transportation
This is only found in the muscles and has a higher
attraction to O2 that haemoglobin and therefore draws
all the O2 to it.
It picks up all the O2 released by the haemoglobin and
transports it through the muscles.
Stores extra O2 in case muscles need it.
When?

11. CARBON DIOXIDE TRANSPORT
Understand the transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide by the blood, including
the roles of haemoglobin and myoglobin in oxygen transportation
Make notes from page 48 on how carbon dioxide in
transported through the body.

12. CARBON DIOXIDE TRANSPORT
Understand the transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide by the blood, including
the roles of haemoglobin and myoglobin in oxygen transportation

13. BLOOD PRESSURE AND VELOCITY
Understand the transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide by the blood, including
the roles of haemoglobin and myoglobin in oxygen transportation
Use book pages 45-46 to make notes on blood
pressures and velocities through all blood vessels.

14. BLOOD PRESSURE AND VELOCITY
Understand the transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide by the blood, including
the roles of haemoglobin and myoglobin in oxygen transportation