This slides can help you more on your studies or research works :))

1. Let’s take a trip to . . .

2. DISCUSSION GUIDE
• Introductions of the different
continents
• Landmarks/Featured places
• Known authors
• (Side trip) Egypt, India, parts of
Philippines

4. AFRICA
• Africa, second largest of Earth’s
seven continents, covering 23
percent of the world’s total land
area and containing 13 percent of
the world’s population. Africa
straddles the equator and most of
its area lies within the tropics.

5. • It is bounded by the Atlantic Ocean
on the west, the Indian Ocean and
Red Sea on the east, and the
Mediterranean Sea on the north. In
the northeastern corner of the
continent, Africa is connected with
Asia by the Sinai Peninsula.

6. • Africa is the birthplace of the human race.
Here, early humans evolved from apes
between 8 million and 5 million years ago.
Modern human beings evolved between
130,000 and 90,000 years ago, and
subsequently spread out of Africa. Ancient
Egypt, one of the world’s first great
civilizations, arose in northeastern Africa more
than 5,000 years ago.

7. • Over time many other cultures
and states rose and fell in
Africa, and by 500 years ago
there were prosperous cities,
markets, and centers of learning
scattered across the continent.

8. Kilimanjaro, the tallest mountain in Africa, lies in northeastern
Tanzania near the border of Kenya. The mountain has two
volcanic peaks, spaced 11 km (7 mi) apart, with the higher of the
two rising 5,895 m (19,341 ft). Farmers cultivate coffee beans and
plantains on Kilimanjaro’s lower slopes.

9. A number of different watercourses drain into Africa’s Nile River.
The Blue Nile, originating in Ethiopia, joins the White Nile at
Khartoum, Sudan; from this point the Nile runs northward
through Sudan and Egypt and empties into the Mediterranean
Sea. As shown here, the Nile provides people and materials with
a means of transportation.

10. This woman from
Botswana is wearing
a colorful dress made
of different pieces of
fabric sewn together.
Some of the designs
on the patches are
made in the
traditional batik
method, but this
dress is
contemporary.

11. These men are members of the Akan people of
Ghana. Their clothing is ceremonial, as are the
linguist staffs they carry. They are probably
preparing to dance in a funeral ritual; red is one of
the colors of mourning in Ghana.

12. Wole Soyinka, born in
1934, Nigerian
playwright, poet,
novelist, and lecturer,
whose writings draw
on African tradition
and mythology while
employing Western
literary forms. In 1986
Soyinka became the
first African writer and
the first black writer
to win the Nobel Prize
in literature.

13. ANTARCTICA
• Antarctica surrounds the South Pole
and is a place of extremes. It is the
southernmost, coldest, iciest, driest,
windiest, most remote, and most
recently discovered continent.
Nearly the entire landmass lies
within the Antarctic Circle.

14. • Air temperatures of the high inland
regions fall below -80°C (-110°F) in
winter and rise only to -30°C (-20°F) in
summer. Massive ice sheets built up
from snow over millions of years cover
almost all of the continent and float in
huge ice shelves on coastal waters.

15. Equipped with wide-
gaping jaws and
long fangs, this
formidable predator
is the only one of the
three dozen species
of pinnipeds-seals,
sea lions, and
walruses-that
customarily includes
mammals and birds
in its diet.

16. These flightless birds of Antarctica dive to depths of 200 m
(656 ft) in search of squid and fish. The largest penguin at
1.2 m (3.9 ft) tall and weighing 45 kg (99.2 lb), the emperor
penguin makes no nest and defends no territory. The male
carries its mate's single egg at the top of its feet, secured by
a fold of skin, while the female feeds for two months. The
female returns when the young emerges.

17. ASIA
• It is the largest of the Earth’s seven
continents, lying almost entirely in the
Northern Hemisphere. With outlying
islands, it covers an estimated
44,391,000 sq km (17,139,000 sq mi),
or about 30 percent of the world’s
total land area.

18. • Its peoples account for
three-fifths of the world’s
population; in 2008 Asia had
an estimated 4.05 billion
inhabitants.

19. ASIA
SOUTHEAST
ASIA
SOUTH ASIA
SOUTHWEST
ASIA
EAST ASIA

20. •China, Mongolia,
North Korea, South
Korea, and Japan

21. • Myanmar (formerly known
as Burma), Thailand,
Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam,
Malaysia, Singapore,
Indonesia, Brunei, and the
Philippines

22. •India, Bangladesh,
Pakistan, Sri Lanka,
Maldives, Nepal, and
Bhutan

23. • Afghanistan, Iran, Iraq, Turkey,
Cyprus, Armenia, Azerbaijan,
Georgia, Syria, Lebanon, Israel,
Jordan, Saudi Arabia, Yemen,
Oman, United Arab Emirates, Qatar,
Bahrain, and Kuwait

24. Li Bo or Li Po
• Chinese poet, one of the greatest figures
of Chinese literature. Li Bo was born into
the minor nobility in what is now Sichuan
(Szechwan) Province. After an
apprenticeship with a Daoist (Taoist)
hermit and a time of wandering, he lived
briefly as a poet at the Tang (T’ang) court
in Chang’an but left as the result of
intrigue.

25. • Then he returned to a life of Daoist study
and carefree reflective wandering, writing
poems and enjoying nature and the
pleasures of wine, supplied free by the
emperor's orders. According to legend, Li
Bo was drowned while drunkenly leaning
from a boat to embrace the moon's
reflection on the water.

26. Rabindranath Tagore

27. • Indian poet, philosopher, and
Nobel laureate, who tried to
deepen mutual Indian and
Western cultural understanding.
His name in Bengali is
Ravīndranātha Thākura.

28. • He was born in Calcutta (now
Kolkata), into a wealthy family, the
son of the philosopher
Debendranath Tagore. He began to
write poetry as a child; his first
book appeared when he was 17
years old.

29. • After a brief stay in England (1878) to
study law, he returned to India, where
he rapidly became the most important
and popular author of the colonial era,
writing poetry, short stories, novels, and
plays. He composed several hundred
popular songs and in 1929 also began
painting.

30. Bashō, pseudonym of MATSUO
MUNEFUSA
• (1644-94), Japanese poet,
considered a master of the haiku
form. In his youth Bashō was a
samurai, but after 1666 he devoted
his life to writing poetry. The
structure of his haiku reflects the
simplicity of his meditative life.

31. • When he felt the need for
solitude, he withdrew to his
bashō-an, a hut made of
plantain leaves (bashō)—
hence his pseudonym.

32. Ang Lee
• born in 1954, Taiwanese motion-picture
director and writer, whose films often
focus on the conflicting personal
relationships that develop among people,
especially families and different
generations. Lee has made films in both
Chinese and English.

33. AUSTRALIA
• Australia, island continent located
southeast of Asia and forming,
with the nearby island of
Tasmania, the Commonwealth of
Australia, a self-governing member
of the Commonwealth of Nations.

34. • It is the only continent which is
a country at the same time.
• It includes the mainland of the
country Australia and the island
nations of New Guinea

35. • European inhabitants came onto
the Australian landmass in the
1700s.
• It is the most isolated and remote
of the continents and has been
least influenced by migrations of
people, plants, and animals

36. The shell-shaped Sydney Opera House is one of the most
famous pieces of modern architecture in the world. It was
designed by Jørn Utzon and completed in 1973. Sydney is
the capital of New South Wales, which is located on the
southeastern coast of Australia. Sydney is the largest city
in Australia and the country’s cultural center.

37. Body painting is
an essential part
of the artistic
heritage of
Aboriginal
Australians. .
Aboriginal
people use
ochre, a natural
pigment, to
create paint for
use in traditional
rituals and
ceremonies.

38. Henry Handel Richardson
• pseudonym of ETHEL FLORENCE
ROBERTSON,néeRICHARDSON (1870-1946),
Australian novelist
• Richardson is best known for her great
trilogy of 19th-century Australian life, The
Fortunes of Richard Mahony (Australia
Felix,1917; The Way Home,1925; and
Ultima Thule,1929).

39. Australian feminist
writer Germaine Greer
published her
bestselling,
groundbreaking book
The Female Eunuch in
1970. In it she argued
against the traditional
nuclear family and in
favor of a
revolutionary
empowerment of
women.

40. EUROPE
• The name Europe is perhaps
derived from that of Europa,
the daughter of Phoenix in
Greek mythology, or possibly
from Ereb, a Phoenician word
for “sunset.”

41. • The second smallest continent
(Australia is the smallest), Europe
has an area of 10,355,000 sq km
(3,998,000 sq mi), but it has the
third largest population of all the
continents, 730 million in 2008.

42. • Europe has long been a center of
great cultural and economic
achievement. The ancient Greeks
and Romans produced major
civilizations, famous for their
contributions to philosophy,
literature, fine art, and government.

43. The Eiffel Tower rises above Paris.
It was built for the World’s Fair in
1889 by French engineer
Alexandre-Gustave Eiffel

44. The City of Rome

45. The Parthenon, built between 447 and 432 bc, is
the greatest monument of classical Athens.
Originally a temple to Athena Parthenos (the
Virgin Athena), it was eventually converted into a
Christian church and later into a mosque.

46. Moscow’s Red Square
at Night

47. SOPHOCLES is one of
the three great tragic
playwrights of ancient
Greece, along with
AESCHYLUS and
EURIPIDES. Notable
tragedies by
Sophocles include
Oedipus Rex,
Antigone, and Electra.

48. Sappho
• Greek poet, whose poetry
was so renowned that Greek
philosopher Plato referred to
her two centuries after her
death as the tenth muse

49. WILLIAM
SHAKESPEARE
is an English
playwright and poet
who lived in the late
1500s and early
1600s, is regarded
as the greatest
dramatist in the
history of English
literature.

50. Seventeenth-century
writer JOHN MILTON
ranks as one of the
greatest poets in the
history of English
literature. Milton’s
masterpiece, the epic
poem Paradise Lost
(1667), dramatizes the
Biblical account of
humanity’s banishment
from Paradise.

51. JOHN DONNE
The first and greatest
of the metaphysical
poets of the early 17th
century, Englishman
John Donne wrote
with an unsentimental,
subtly intellectual
style.

52. Russian writer LEO
TOLSTOY’s
psychologically and
morally complex novels
are regarded as
masterpieces of realistic
fiction. Tolstoy believed
that culture and society
were antagonistic to true
happiness.

53. NORTH AMERICA
• North America, third largest of the
seven continents, including
Canada (the 2nd largest country
in area in the world), the United
States (3rd largest), and Mexico
(14th largest).

54. • Canada and the United States have
technologically developed early modern
economies, and Mexico, although less
technologically developed than its
neighbors, contains some of the world's
greatest deposits of petroleum and
natural gas.

55. THE STATUE OF
LIBERTY was one of
the first sights to
welcome immigrants
arriving in the United
States. For many
Americans, the statue
has come to represent
the diversity of the
U.S. people, as well as
the ideals that drew
many to the nation.

56. The Grand Canyon

57. The Empire State
Building in New York
City, New York,
stands 381 m high.
The construction of
the world’s tallest
skyscraper was
planned by American
politician Alfred
Smith. Although no
longer the world’s
tallest building, it
remains a popular
tourist destination.

58. SOUTH AMERICA
• Fourth largest of the Earth's seven
continents (after Asia, Africa, and
North America), occupying
17,820,900 sq km (6,880,700 sq
mi), or 12 percent of the Earth's
land surface

60. ROBERT FROST won
the Pulitzer Prize in
poetry four times (1924,
1931, 1937, and 1943)
and became known
across the country
when he recited his
poem “The Gift
Outright” at President
John F. Kennedy’s
inauguration in January
1961.

61. EDGAR ALLAN POE
•The short stories and
poetry of 19th-century
American Edgar Allan
Poe reflect the writer’s
haunting imagination.
•“The Raven”
•“Annabel Lee”
•The Cask of
Amontillado”

62. American writer, editor,
and critic EZRA
POUND’s best-known
work is the Cantos, a
series of poems
addressing a wide range
of subjects, from the
historical to the
personal. Pound wrote
the Cantos from 1915 to
1970.