Depression In The Elderly Research Paper

Depression In The Elderly Research Paper
Although depression is a common disorder in the elderly, but in many cases does not detect it does
not address. The reason behind it to explain some of the doctors, as well as those who sponsored a
large age, the symptoms of depression as normal symptoms caused by advanced age. Moreover, the
signs and symptoms of depression in the elderly vary, to some extent, what is the case with other
age groups. It is noteworthy that depression in the elderly is often associated with physical illness,
either because of the pain caused by diseases or to diseases of the effects on the psychological state.
Moreover, the depression is a sideshow to the use of certain medications or to oppose many drugs
are used together. And despite the fact that the side effects of drugs and opposes some of them with
some may cause depression for all age groups, but older people are more likely to promise that the
fact that the body becomes less able to metabolize drugs and handle with age. ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
But they may point to other symptoms express to suffer from depression, including psychiatric
symptoms and other physical. It is worth mentioning that the physical pain, including joint pain,
headaches, is one of the important signs of injury to the elderly with depression. And include
symptoms and signs that you should pay attention to the great age refers to the possibility of being
injured depression include: – The growing incidence of pain or those that do not interpret
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

Effects Of Depression On The Elderly
After the loss of a loved one, people experience a period of grief that usually includes unpleasant
thoughts, emotional distress, and withdrawal from normal daily activities. These unstable emotions
can be a sign of depression. Depression can be treated by medication, support, therapy and leisure
activities.
Issues Caring for the Elderly
After the loss of Georges' wife, bereavement or normal grief would be considered normal.
Bereavement usually decreases after one to two years and may return around holidays or special
occasions. Although grieving after the loss of a loved one is normal, George is also showing signs of
abnormal grief which such as poor grooming, not wanting to interact with his grandchildren who
love him so much and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Although confidentiality is vital to building a trusting relationship with George, there may be
measures that require George's information, protecting as much as possible, to be released. For an
example, when confidentiality would cause serious harm to the George or others, when agency
guidelines state otherwise, or under other stated conditions (e.g., local, state, or federal laws).
George would be informed at the beginning of the counseling relationship of those areas that limit
professional confidentiality (Corey, 2011).
George is covered under Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPPA). Michael,
Georges' son, brought him into the agency to seek therapy and HIPAA will not allow Michael to be
in the room without George's written and signed consent. George's personal information and
conversations are confidential not unless otherwise stated by a judge that George is incompetent and
Michael has power of attorney outlining what he can do that will be in the best interest of his father
(Corey, 2011).
Initial Treatment Goals
George shows signs of having emotional problems that he has expressed. Some signs are feelings of
abandonment and detachment and depression. He had no prior history of depression but when
George was a child his father

Occupational Therapy Paper
I picked Occupational Therapy as a career because I find it pleasing to help other people and it's a
great way to interact with patients. This career requires quite the creativity which I find it worthy
since I believe I have plenty of it. I have experience with physical exercises and I would like to
teach patients with disabilities or illnesses that through simple exercises I could help them recover
their abilities once again and reintegrate them with social activities. I personally prefer geriatric.
Working with the elderly would be an amazing experience because I would love to interact with
them and as I do what I mostly like I can listen and learn from their stories. One special reason as to
why I would like to work with the elderly is because I feel that I could be that person that regains
back someone's confidence and to see them being able to do their everyday routine due to ageing.
Elderly People According to (Case–Smith, J. 2012). as you start to grow older you should be very
aware of your home and check to see if you are in a safe environment. We sometimes send
practitioners to some houses for a visit so they can analyze if you are living under any kind of
danger. We check up on any unsafe walking areas, for example maybe the stairs, any ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Keeping a patient motivated, active, and engaged in the process is always important "it's our
foundation of Occupational Therapy Practice". I would be extremely pleased to see my patients
happy, smiling and slowly improving over time. I want to be there for them and help them as much
as I know I can. I want to be a person who changes a life. My goal is to see my patients being able
to regain abilities once again, for them not to give up and for them to show me that in the end it was
worth it and I made someone regain

African American Elderly Problems
The elderly population have challenges that other ages do not have to face. Elderly face some
number situations. These issues arise once people reach a certain age and follow them till the day
that they pass on. For example, there are certain health issues that come the age. The African
American elderly deals with a lot of issues; ranging from health to financial. But the African
American elderly have a big influence on their community. But also, it is very important for the
health of the elderly. The relationship can keep the elders' health and mental health in good standing.
The elderly can face many issues as their lives and body grow older. The African American elderly
population has significant challenges that they must deal with. To begin with, many have health
issues. Some that can be very life threatening. As people get older your body just does not want to
work the same way it used to when it was younger. Your body goes through changes. As people get
older, the body begins to behave differently.
Bio–Psycho–Social–Spiritual Assessment
The person that was interviewed was named Janie M. Brown. She was a recently divorced mother of
one. The client's history is that she is originally from South Carolina, but moved to New York once
she was of age to live on her own. She then worked as a secretary and had a child at the age of 21
years of age. Mrs. Brown raised her only on her own and lead a peaceful life. She didn't marry the
love of her life until the age of 46 years

Depression in the Elderly Essay
Running Head: Seniors, Health and the Healthcare Industry Seniors, Health and the Healthcare
Industry Seniors, Health and the Healthcare Industry Abstract As most of society is aware of
healthcare is a hot topic and it is an issue that affects most everyone, from newborns to centenarians.
I am going to show what issues affect most of our seniors in regards to mental challenges, cognitive
degeneration, and physical health issues. In addition I am going to show how these changes
jeopardize the independence and safety issues of seniors who live alone. I will show various ways of
counteracting the different healthcare concerns that can restrict the effects of a disease or limit the
symptoms of various illnesses. No matter how one feels ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The average length of time a person usually lives with this incapacitating disease is about 8–10
years. While there is not a known cure at this time, there are things that can be done that will assist
more positive, aging process and lessen the effects of Alzheimer's. One suggestion that greatly
reduced falls in seniors, which is a component of the disease was exercise. Participants who
engaged in a fall prevention program, not only suffered fewer falls but increased cognitive
functioning as well. Another suggestion according to Drs. Michael Jansen and Mark Liponis is to
take the coenzyme q10, which is necessary for energy production. It helps protect not only against
Parkinson's and Alzheimer's, but it also help fight heart failure and lower blood pressure. Actively
participate in activities that engage or stimulate the mind such as reading, writing, playing the piano,
working crossword puzzles, learning a new language or even playing chess or checkers. Of course,
eating fresh fruits and vegetables is always a good counter agent in fighting the effects of any
disease. A surprising fact that came to light in a study done in 2005 that found that healthy people
who consumed more than 400 micrograms of folate, a B vitamin, which is found naturally in many
foods, cut their risk of developing Alzheimer's in half! Testing in now going on to see if the results
would be the same if a person already had

The Difficult Time of Sending a Loved One to a Nursing Home
Placing a loved one in a nursing home is a difficult decision to make. There are many advantages
and disadvantages to take into consideration before producing the final decision. However, when
elderly become too frail to manage at home or when their care giver cannot take care of them any
longer, many want more assistance than what they receive. This is one of the reasons why an elderly
is taken to a long term care institution. Nursing homes are facilities for elderly people who need care
and assistance. The primary goal of a nursing home for elderly people is to maintain interest in life,
not just maintaining life. Nursing homes function mostly as an institution, which can be a kind of
disadvantage. Since these facilities work on a schedule, residents have to wait for things. There is a
lack of personal space and an increase in the amount of time one spends in public places. Nursing
homes tend to take away many of the individual choices that people have in their lives. The result is
that residents can have a feeling of loss of control over themselves as well as their independence.
Nursing homes are also very expensive. On average, the annual cost for a nursing home is around
$50,000. Plus, the workload is too high compared to the nurses' ratio. With only around three nurses
and three CNA's caring for about 45–60 residents, the care is not so efficient and emotional care is
generally neglected. Based on the facilities' budget and the residents' insurance, social workers

Research Questions 1) Why is depression so common in late life? I base this question on Blazer
(2009), who said that depression is common in late life, affecting nearly 5 million of the 31 million
Americans aged 65 and older with clinically significant depressive symptoms reaching 13% in older
adults aged 80 and older. 2) Why do the elderly get depressed if its not apart of aging? I base this
question on the NIM (2015), who said that depression is a common problem among older adults, but
it is not a normal part of aging. 3) How does social worker make a assessment on depression in the
elderly? I base this question on NASW (2007), who said that clinical social workers can make a
proper assessment as to the presence of clinical depression, its ... Show more content on
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I base this question on NAMI (2015), who said that left untreated, depression can be devastating,
both for the people who have it and for their families. 5) Why is depression in the elderly linked
with physical illness? I base this question on Trivedi (2004) who said that Physical pain and
depression have a deeper biological connection than simple cause and effect; the neurotransmitters
that influence both pain and mood are serotonin and norepinephrine. 6) What is the treatment for
depression in the elderly? I base this question on APA (2015), who said that researchers agree that
early recognition, diagnosis and treatment can counteract and prevent depression's emotional and
physical consequences. 7) How does an elderly client family have an effect on their care? I base this
question on Krans (2012), who said that family and loved ones can have a profound effect on an
elder's care. 8)What does a geriatric social worker do? I base this question on Mehallow (2015) who
said that while geriatric social workers are commonly employed in such settings as hospitals,
nursing homes, adult day–care centers, senior centers and assisted–living centers, career
opportunities are emerging in nontraditional settings as

The Identification Of The Vulnerable Population
The identification of the vulnerable population In today's society you will look around and see that
elderly single woman is not being represented much at all and all you see is that mainstream is
getting younger every day. You can't turn on your television without seeing young programming that
doesn't cater to an older demographic especially older woman. It is growing problem among elderly
single woman with depression. In The Guardian it states, "Some mental health experts argue that
women are unhappier now than they used to be because their expectation are too high. They fail to
achieve eternal youth and beauty, but we are forced to live in a consumer culture that celebrates
youth." "Depressive symptoms are usually under–detected and ... Show more content on
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In general, means for the bereaved group were not in ranges consistent with the presence of serious
psychopathology. Women in both groups reported greater distress than men, and significant sex–by–
bereavement–status interactions on mental health measures were not observed. Who is the most
vulnerable? According to the author, Depressive symptoms have been found to be common in older
women. Several studies have demonstrated that various factors are associated with depressive
symptoms in older adults , including advanced age (Demura & Sato, 2003; Reid & Planas, 2002),
loss of spouse (MechakraTahiri et al., 2010; Nahcivan & Demirezen, 2005; Schulman et al., 2002),
lower level of self–rated health status (Blay, Andreoli, Fillenbaum, & Gastal2007; Demura & Sato,
2003; Reid & Planas, 2002), and poorer physical health (Blay et al., 2007; Lai 2004). How does the
bioecological model inform your understanding of the vulnerabilities of my population?
Microsystem The microsystem is the system closer to the person and the one in which they have
direct contact. Some examples would be home, school, daycare, or work. A microsystem typically
includes family, peers, or caregivers. Relationships in a microsystem are bi–directional. In other
words, your

Gerontology and Gerontic Nursing Practice
NRS 353 Gerontology and Gerontic Nursing Practice Assignment 2: Assignment Questions
Questions and Answers about Elderly People and Patients Submitted by: Fujimi Sakai Student No:
11413992 Lecturer's Name: Christine Haley Due date: 25 January 2010 Date of submission: 25
January 2010 Introduction Health of older people has some issues which nurses should know.
Older people tend to suffer some health problems, however, some people do not know about
problems of older people and may treat them wrongly. These are some questions and answers below
whose topics may be well–known but misunderstood. Nurses need to know scientific truth about
health and health problems of older people and should reject myths of them which may be ... Show
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These ways could protect the patients from injuries if they tried to wander. She also described
adapting design of the facilities for the older patients, for example, using subdued colour in order to
calm down 2 the older patients who are agitated and wander. Replacing liner corridor with
connected passages that encourage the patient wander around on their own pace in the facility.
These ways could reduce the patients who are wandering or cases of injury from wandering. The
important thing to remember is the alternatives to physical restraints are not one. The alternative
ways of the restraints can be mixed for fitting the individual's behaviour of wandering. The
alternative approaches to reduce the risk of wander may not be known as wide as a means of
physical restraint. So, it would be important to extend knowledge of the alternatives in the
workplace. Q 5: Define the term delirium Delirium is defined as "a transient disturbance in
cognitive and attentional function, characterised by a fluctuating course and an alteration in the
conscious state" (Street, 2004, p. 140). According to Luggen (2004, pp. 573–574), delirium is a
common clinical condition for older patients and it often caused by emergency surgery and
chemotherapy. The symptoms of delirium are reducing abilities to maintain and process attention
both internal and external

Depression In Elderly
The purpose of this project is to educate caregivers of the elderly who may experience depression so
they may be able to recognizes the warning signs of depression. At the end of this session,
participants will be able to verbalize signs and symptoms of depression. This section of the paper
explains the patient population, procedures, ethical considerations, learning environment, and
measured outcomes of the educational sessions. At the end of the session, participants will be able to
recognize depression in elderly adults. The project team will implement an educational program for
adults ages 18 and older on how to recognize signs of depression in elder adults. This project will
consist of three phases that will include a preparatory phase, ... Show more content on
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Caregivers need specialized training in depression because they are not confident in identifying the
symptoms of depression or how to distinguish between symptoms of depressions and other
conditions such as dementia McCabe, Davison and Mellor (2006). Elderly depression is often
ignored or attributed to simply being old. Educational strategies that involve pre and post survey to
evaluate knowledge of care givers regarding depression, signs and symptoms and what to look for,
will bring needed relief to the elderly loved ones and calm their anxiety and feeling of helplessness
of adult caregivers who like to take charge and provide

Physical Needs For The Elderly
As people age they develop many special needs related to the later period of life. Many elderly
people have specific physical needs where adaptations to their home are necessary or where they
need specific equipment for self care. Old age also brings new emotional challenges for the elderly
person when the family can be useful in helping to meet the persons mental health needs. Senior
citizens experience needs in their social life; they also experience the need for activities with other
seniors. Health needs also negatively affect the elderly and cause multiple physical problems. Every
elderly person experiences needs that are related to each of these areas. There are many physical
needs for the elderly that have to be taken care of. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Some cannot afford this because it is very expensive and some might not even have that kind of
money to pay for a home care. Elderly people that cannot afford home care have to rely on the help
from family members. Most need help from a caregiver because they cannot take care of
themselves. Vision is also a problem for many elderly people. Frequently, they need help getting to
places so giving directions is a good way to lead them. Elderly people tend to forget how to do basic
things. Walking and going to the bathroom is one of the biggest problems because they are unable to
accomplish it independently. Elderly people have assist rails to go to bathrooms and also to get in
and out of their bed. Dressing is also a problem because some forget how to dress themselves or are
physically unable to dress themselves. They require aid from another person. Those who have
difficulty breathing have concentrators in either their house or room if they are in a assisted living
home. Oxygen tanks are more useful when an elderly person goes on an outing. Besides
experiencing physical needs elderly people also become very emotional. As an elderly person he or
she has emotional needs that should not be ignored. This is particularly true if the elderly person is
living alone. It is especially very important to accompany them in their journey during this stage of
life. Some elderly people feel lonely and even

The, The Branch Of Medicine Caring For Older Aged Patients
Geriatrics is the branch of medicine caring for older aged patients typically over the age of sixty–
five. Because geriatric patients have differing needs, professionals differentiate between Frail
Elderly adults and Well Elderly adults. The term Frail elderly adult describes people over the age of
65 who require frequent medical intervention. Physical therapists work with these patients to regain
mobility, skills, or to modify their environment to maximize their function. In contrast, well elderly
adults are people over the age of 65 who are not experiencing physical limitations or whose age
related changes are not significant enough to affect function. Physical therapist may work with these
patients to prevent debilitating conditions or to maintain good physical function.
Combined, elderly adults made up 12.8% of the U.S population. Since individual's life spans are
expected to increase, the percent of the elderly adult population is expected to increase.
Approximately Forty–seven percent of adults over the age of 70, who are not institutionalized, have
trouble performing one or more activities of daily living, instrumental activities of daily living, or
physical activities. This is indication of the important role that physical therapist have in improving
functional performance.
Geriatric patients are seen by PTs and PTAs in all settings, not just long term care facilities. Some
PTs and PTA may specialize in geriatrics, however PTs and PTAs in most settings will see

Depression With Elderly Women
Depression with Elderly women Aremelder Johnson Steiner Leigh HDC 542 University of Illinois
in Springfield, Illinois What do we still need to know about your vulnerable population and what
programs address their needs? What programs and policies are needed? Social and demographic
trends are making information and assistance services increasingly important to the average
American family. Americans live longer and require more help to cope with chronic conditions and
frailties. Older adults often live alone, with no younger family members residing in the immediate
area. Family members are likely to live several miles away or in other states. Even when adult
children live near their parents, both are ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
There are several down below that we will address; Transportation– Access Bus Company is for the
elderly to attend different doctor's appointments and take care of their business in the community.
There are limited services for transportation and the quality of these services. Consequently, there is
a client in the Abundant Faith Haven Apartments and she complains to me all the time about the
Access bus to take her to the doctor. The time the bus arrives and leaves, sometimes makes her late
for her doctor's appointments. Social Security Department– Is a place where an elderly person can
find Medicaid or Medicare, and apply for their monthly social security check. This is a great for a
senior but there are some barriers to getting their assistance. Nevertheless, one of the barriers is that
the senior can be denied for services, or on a spin–down Medical card depending on how much
income they have coming in one household. Department of Human Services– Provides various
resources and they can connect the senior to other community based resources. Yes, conversely,
even DHS has different policies that might affect the elderly from becoming eligible for their
services. For instance; if the person (elderly) pays rent and do not have any utility bills, they would
only be eligible for a small amount of Emergency Food Stamp program. These actions of the DHS
program can cause the elderly to spend cash for food which does not help them on a fix income.

Pain and Anxiety Associated with Falls in the Elderly
Pain and Anxiety Associated with Falls in the Elderly The risk of falling dramatically increases as
one ages. According to Menant et al, a fall is defined as an "unexpected event in which the person
comes to the ground, floor, or lower level". In this study conducted by Menant et al, the authors
desired to distinguish certain factors that may contribute to falls associated with the elderly.
Dizziness is a complaint that tends to increase as a person ages, which can also be said about the
incidence of falling. According to Menant et al, dizziness symptoms can affect the activities of daily
living in many elderly people. Many studies have found that dizziness can be a result from both
medical and psychological factors. This study was conducted on 526 elderly individuals who were
randomly selected to a dizzy and non–dizzy group from a previous cohort study in eastern Sydney,
Australia. Each participant had to meet certain criteria and sign informed consent prior to partaking
in this study. Participants were assessed through questionnaires & assessments. The questionnaires
and assessments focused on aspects of dizziness, exercise levels, overall health, falls follow–up
procedures, balance assessment, and cardiovascular, psychological, and neuromuscular function.
According to the results of the study conducted by Menant et al, evidence showed that several
aspects were found between both dizzy and non–dizzy groups. Some of the findings included
increased intake of

Research Paper On Depression And Suicide In The Elderly
Chasity Vines
Abnormal Psychology
Fall Quarter
Depression And Suicide In The Elderly Everyone feels sad or down every once in awhile, but these
feelings usually pass after a couple of days. When one experiences depression, they have trouble
and struggle with their daily living needs for weeks at a time. Many people may believe that
depression is part of the aging process, however this is a pure myth. It is not normal for anyone of
any age to suffer from depression including our elderly population. Depression is a true and
treatable medical condition, not a normal part of aging and should be takin very seriously
(Prevention, Program & Prevention, 2015) . This illness can apper after a triggering event or for no
reason at all. Late ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Health care providers and researchers have pointed out that many older prople are uncomfortable
talking with others and are very private about their feelings. Due to the stigma that surrounds mental
health care, the elderly population are far more likely to visit with their primary care physicians
rather with a mental health physician (Luoma JB, 2015). Studies show that approximately 45
percent of the elderly who have committed suicide visited a doctor within a month prior to their
death (Luoma JB, 2015). All to often, signals that an older person is depressed and conteplating
suicide are confused with signs of aging. This is why it is very important to know what warning
signs and what to look out for. A few common warning signs that an elderly deppressed or suicidal
person may display is loss of intrest in things or activities that are usually found enjoyable, cutting
back on social interactions, failure to take care of self or follow medical orders, statements about
feeling hopeless or worthless, putting affairs in order, giving away personal items, or making
changes in wills. However the most significant indicator is an expression of suicidal thought
(AAMFT.ORG, 2015). The number one key to providing help for an elderly person

Depression in the Chronically Ill Elderly Patient
Of the total population of the United States, 39 million are 65 and older. Of those 39 million older
adults, about 5% reside in nursing homes, with the median age of 83.2 years (Urdaneta & Thakur,
2010). It is estimated that by the year 2030, 20% of the nation's population will be 65 and older
(Glaister & Blair, 2008). With the number of older adults rising significantly, so will the number
residing in nursing homes. A significant amount of older adults will experience depression.
Depression is prevalent in older adults, and those residing in nursing homes seem to be at greater
risk for developing it (Urdaneta & Thakur, 2010). It is also estimated that the number of older adults
experiencing depression is three to five times that of older ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
RN's are the primary care givers in nursing homes. They are the frontline, an essential component of
the care of the patient. Education of the patient, as well as the nurse, is just as important. The nurse
can teach the patient coping mechanisms and strategies to help the patient overcome their depressed
moods, thoughts and feelings. A positive attitude, religious beliefs, family support, sense of reality,
and therapy are all proven successful ways of helping to deal with symptoms of depression in the
elderly (Choi, Ransom, &Wyllie, 2008). Caregivers may also experience depression after a family
member or loved one enters a nursing home. Even though the placement of a family member or
loved one into a nursing home relieves the caregiver of previous duties and care of the patient,
feelings of stress and burden are still reported. Caregivers must also go through an adjustment
period. They are no longer responsible for the direct care of the patient, and must go through a
dramatic role change. Stressors of the caregiver may include travel time to the nursing home,
monitoring of the residents care, and managing financial and bureaucratic matters. The problems
with memory and behavior of the loved one or family member is also proven to be a huge stressor,
as well as the dissatisfaction with the care of the resident. One of the best coping solutions for the
caregiver is social support, which is associated with psychological well–being (Majerovitz, 2007).
The nurses

I Am Studying Depression And Aging Essay
Throughout life people experience a series of physical and mental modifications that they must face
and adapt to. For many, the families they grew up in are very different from the average family of
today. The political, social and economic environments of a family 60 years has transformed
completely. As people age they often experience changes that adversely affect their health or mental
state. Changes people may experience as they age include physical decline, emergence of diseases
and disorders, loss of friends and relatives of the same generation. Any of these things can lead to
negative feelings which in turn can lead to depression and social isolation, frequent problems in the
elderly population. I am studying depression and aging because I want to understand and work
toward prevention of depression in elderly people who participate in senior centers. I think it is
important to develop a better understanding of how early recognition, diagnosis and treatment can
counteract and even prevent emotional and physical consequences of depression. These
consequences can complicate existing health problems in the elderly and trigger new concerns in
their care. I believe that prevention programs are very important in the management of any social
problem. When depression can be prevented, the result can impact the general quality of life of an
individual. Based on this topic, one possible research question can be "Which are the best practices
to use in preventing depression

Depression And Memory Loss In The Elderly
Depression and Memory Loss
In the Elderly
Pam Randol
Meredith Michaud
Psychology 220
September 8, 2014
Depression and Memory Loss
In the Elderly
The Golden Years as it is called, life after retirement. My mother in law would always say "whoever
thought of that term was out of their mind because it is definitely NOT the Golden Years." Imagine
that one day you are working and feeling good and the next you are retired with nothing to do and
nowhere to go. So many older people slip into a form of depression not knowing what to do with the
next phase of their life. You think about retiring, playing golf, traveling, spending time with
grandkids but most the time this is an unrealistic thought. New research suggests that retiring ...
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Memory loss usually becomes the main focus by the doctor rather than the suppressive illness.
Depression can cause forgetfulness, confusion and difficulty concentrating. Symptoms such as loss
of interest in life, lack of enjoyment doing activities, feeling tired all the time, poor sleep, weight
loss or gain, feelings of worthlessness or guilt, chronic unexplained pain and memory loss can be
correctly attributed to poor health, dementia and old age. In serious depression, thoughts of suicide
or death are common. Untreated depression can develop into a problem. There is evidence that
depression takes a serious toll on a person's physical health. Physical pain is one symptom of
depression that is generally overlooked. A study that was published in the Psychosomatic Medical
Journal found that two thirds of people with depression also were in some sort of physical pain.
Depression can also bring on changes in behavior from not wanting to leave home, not eating,
alcohol or drug abuse, talking about being useless, sadness, irritability, neglecting personal care and
even hoarding. These behaviors should be a red flag to friends and family to the possibilities of
depression.
Some causes of depression in older people are health and loneliness, loss of their partner, pet,
friends and family. The key is to keep busy and to maintain some type of structure in your life.
Often medication that is taken to treat physical problems can cause

Depression In The Elderly
Literature Review
The overall theme of the articles researched were all based on elderly depression and the effects
elderly depression can have on their quality of life. During the course of the research, similarities
were very evident amongst the different articles. Some of the similarities were: depression is often
miss or misdiagnosed in the elderly population, group psychotherapy, assessments, and medication
treatment. There are many articles available on elderly depression, but you must know exactly what
to look for as there are many topics the information falls under. Elderly depression research ranges
from normal part of aging, to death, to living situations and on and on. However, even with the
current research available, there will still a gap in literature until effective ways to diagnosis the
elderly with depression are found. There are still too many elderly people being misdiagnosed, not
diagnosed at all etc. The biggest reason that the literature gap will remain is because there is still too
much stigma ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
There are three types of depression. They three types are major depression, dysthymic disorder or
dysthymia and minor depression. Major depression is when it severe symptoms begin to affect your
abilities to complete activities of daily living and your ability to enjoy work. Dysthymic disorder or
dysthymia is when the depression last longer than 2 years but the symptoms do not always interfere
like they do in major depression. Finally, "minor depression is similar to the first two but the
symptoms are less severe and does not last as long. (NIHM, 2011)" Depression can occur from
adolescents through latter years. Elderly people may experience depression, yet depression is not a
normal part of the aging

A Look At Mental Illness
Underdiagnosed and Undertreated: A Look at Mental Illness in the Elderly
Kourtney Bercheni
American Public University System
PART I
Mental health as defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) is "a state of well–being in
which the individual realizes his own abilities, can cope with the normal stresses of life, work
productivity and fruitfully, and is able to make a contribution to the community" (Chaves, et al.,
2014). Mental health in the elderly is a growing concern. Many elderly do not seek or receive proper
treatment for their mental illness. This is, in part, due to several barriers that prohibit the elderly
from seeking help. Mental illness in the elderly is brought up by several different factors, including
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Mental illness is often detected in the elderly when an additional illness is present. These illnesses
can included cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and physical illnesses such as muscular dystrophy.
Mental illness in elderly patients is often found in those who are suffering from a chronic illness or a
cognitive impairment (Alexopoulos, 2005). This, however, does not imply only those that have a
previous illness are subject to a mental illness. Mental illnesses can also arise from factors other
than a previous illness. Many elderly have others that help them around the house. Theses caregivers
can be family members, friends, or employees through an organization. During their time working
with their elderly patient, the caregiver may feel a sense of burden come over them. This in turn,
will take a toll on the elderly person as they may feel responsible for the caregiver's overall sense of
well–being. Caregivers can experience two types of burden: objective, a disruption in lifestyle, and
subjective, the emotional reactions towards caregiving (Hoyer & Roodin, 2009). Objective caregiver
burden is most commonly found associated to the mental well–being of the elderly person.
The elderly may also develop a mental illness associated with coping. The coping may be brought
on by dealing with a physical or mental issues, the burden of having someone look after

Caring For The Elderly And Aging
Walden University
Caring for the Elderly and Aging Old age or the later years of adulthood and the final steps of life
begins about the mid–sixties.
.With people living longer, the elderly population is growing nearly as fast as the U.S. population as
a whole. As more people retire from the labor force, the share of retired elderly will increase,
demanding more health care and other resources. But most importantly, the elderly will be more
visible in everyday life. For most of our population, gray hair, wrinkles, and declining energy begin
in middle age. After about age sixty, bones become more brittle, injuries take longer to heal, and the
risk of chronic illness (such as Arthritis, Rheumatism, Diabetes), and life threatening conditions
such as ( heart disease, and cancer) rise steadily. Sensory abilities, such as taste, sight, touch, smell
and especially hearing, become less sharp with age. (Treas, 1995; Metz, Miner 1998). Psychologist
has found that normal memory loss should not be confused with symptoms of dementia, in
particular, Alzheimer's disease. Psychologists have found that while memory may decline with age,
judgement often significantly improves, and the ability to comprehend what is seen also improves
with experience. When a rapid response is required, the elderly may not react as quickly as younger
ones, they are not able to process as much information per time unit. But this slowdown is normal
and is not a sign of mental impairment.
Elderly and the

Diagnosis and Treatment of Depression in the Elderly Essay
Diagnosis and Treatment of Depression in the Elderly Mental disorders are becoming more
prevalent in today's society as people add stress and pressure to their daily lives. The elderly
population is not eliminated as a candidate for a disorder just because they may be retired. In fact,
mental disorders affect 1 in 5 elderly people. One would think that with disorders being rather
prevalent in this age group that there would be an abundance of treatment programs, but this is not
the case. Because the diagnosis of an individual's mental state is subjective in nature, many troubled
people go untreated regularly (summer 1998). Depression in the elderly population is a common
occurrence, yet the diagnosis and treatment seem to slip ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Finally, older people tend to have more anxiety present in their depression than younger patients do
(winter 1996). In the natural order of things, bodies tend to wear down somewhat and people
become higher risk candidates for various health problems. It is the increase in health problems that
allows for some symptoms of depression to be overlooked. Doctors begin to attribute all problems
and ailments to the primary problem, neglecting the possibility of depression. The prevalence of low
blood pressure is one of those items that do increase as an individual ages. The correlation of
depression with low blood pressure also increases as time passes, particularly among men. A study
by Barrett–Connor and Palinkas indicated "men with low blood pressure scored significantly higher
on both the emotional and physical items of a depression test (February 1994)." These same
individuals also scored higher on measures of pessimism, sadness, loss of appetite, weight loss, and
preoccupation with health than did people with normal blood pressure. Some believe that because
low blood pressure can cause fatigue, anyone with these two symptoms could possibly be diagnosed
with depression. This is a snowball effect where the low blood pressure causes the fatigue, which in
turn causes someone to feel useless, which further develops into other possible

Elderly Suicides And Depression Rural Areas
Elderly Suicides and Depression in Rural Areas
Introduction
Suicide has been a growing issue over the years, gaining more attention over time. As of 2014, it
was reported that 42,773 Americans had taken their own lives, making suicide the 10th leading
cause of death (CDC, 2014). Attention has always been held heavily on young adults, although
statistics show that the populations with the highest rate of suicide of Americans are ages 85 and
older [19.3%] and 45–64 years of age [19.2%] (AFSP, 2014). Suicidal behaviors, such as suicidal
ideations and attempts, as well as death by suicide, often occur more frequently in rural areas,
compared to urban areas (Cukrowicz & Hirsch, 2014). Research also suggests that risk factors, such
as depression and other mental illnesses are prevalent amongst these groups and can be treated as
preventative measures (Cukrowicz & Hirsch, 2014). Research has also shown that there is a strong
correlation of elderly suicides and the use of firearms (AFSP, 2014). Researchers suggest that
physicians who work with elderly adults should be well educated in geriatric mental health
procedures as well as their patient's accessibility of firearms. This is especially important when
working with patients in rural areas, as their accessibility to firearms is much higher, therefore
having a greater risk of suicide by a firearm (Kim, et al., 2011). All in all, statistics and researchers
agree that more attention should be put on elderly adults who may have a

Introduction. Geriatric Depression Is The Most Common Serious
Introduction Geriatric depression is the most common serious disease in elderly people, especially
with older hospital patients, yet is often difficult to diagnose and many primary care clinicians fail to
recognize depression cases. This research examines the causes, symptoms, and treatments of
depression in the elderly. The causes of depression in the elderly are varies depending on their
medication, their mental state, and other factors such as physiological and biochemical change.
According to Solnek and Seiter (2002), drug reactions cause depression in the elderly. When the
elderly often take multiple medications simultaneously, they are vulnerable to suffer depressive
symptoms. In addition, "the role of loss in late life is frequently ... Show more content on
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Physicians are difficult to determine whether these symptoms are caused by physical illness or
because of depression. How to recognize depression in the elderly? Everyone has had signs of
transient depression at some point in their lives when they are suffering loss, separation, pain, but
these manifestations will gradually disappear, they continue to live almost normal and do not need
treatment at all. The cases that need treatment are the types of depression that affect the mood, the
activities of leisure activities and the daily behavior of the people around. Recognizing depression in
older people is not always easy, but some people, especially the primary clinicians can be aware of
depression by the following signs and symptoms. The most important sign of depression is
personality changes. People with depression begin to feel less interested in their activities, objects,
and the loved ones that they have previously cared for. Elderly depressed people often "give up"
away from social activities as well as other pastimes. Elderly depressed people easily fall into
isolation, loneliness due to self–deprecation. They often find it difficult to express their feelings in
words, so people around them do not recognize their instability. When trying to express their
feelings about depression, they often focus on other topics. For example, they complain about
financial worries, harmony with

Care Giving for the Mexican Elderly
"Ageing means an increase in life expectancy, prevalence of chronic disease, and need for health
and social care services" (Vladislavovna, 2010, 1). Older people need formal and informal support
systems to insure independence and an overall good quality of life. Families & friends play a big
role in the lives of aging Mexican elderly, "a social network is the collection of interpersonal and
communal bonds that people have throughout their lives to establish social relations that satisfy
certain needs, and maintain their wellbeing" (Vladislavovna, 2010, 1) this is going to serve even
more importance as the aging population is living longer and the number of older individuals is
increasing. Those with a "high degree of functional, mental, or ... Show more content on
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In addition to financial circumstances, women also tend to become more dependent than men due to
their increased longevity and a "higher incidence of chronic diseases and incapacity" (Gomez, 2007,
545).
Care Giving
Support is demonstrated often in the form of care giving for the Mexican elderly; it is done mostly
by family members for reasons previously mentioned. "A low utilization rate of nursing homes by
the elderly in Mexico City suggests that the daily needs of older adults are being met elsewhere,
particularly by informal care networks. These data underlie the pervasive belief in Mexico that the
family is the main resource and caregiver to elderly members" (Mendez–Luck, 2008, 266). Co
residence may make the task of care giving more manageable in some cases, "one in every four
adult children lives with their elderly parents" (Gomez, 2007, 548).
The are several challenges that come along with the dependence on informal care giving,
unfortunately it "falls within the scope of unpaid care work–activities that serve others, require time
and energy, and are not financially rewarded" (Mendez–Luck, 2008, 266). This is becoming more of
an issue due to the declining trend in fertility rate; people are having fewer children which is putting
a strain on the informal care giving support systems. People are being forced to balance their
personal goals and occupations with the sacrifices that they have to make for their

Essay on Depression Inventory for the Elderly (Die)
Depression Inventory for the Elderly (DIE) Depression is one of the most recurrently investigated
psychological disorders within the area of medical R&D (Montorio & Izal, 1996). A number of
exhaustive researches have been carried out to study its symptoms and impacts on different patients
belonging to different personal and professional attributes and most of these researchers depicted
that depression in the elderly people is very frequent and in spite of number of researches in this
context, it is often undiagnosed or untreated. To add to this jeopardy, it has also been estimated that
only 10% out of the total depressed elderly individuals receive proper diagnosis and treatment
(Holroyd et al, 2000). And for that reason, an authentic ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This instrument has following key features: Population: Adults, age 65 and older. Score: The
inventory provides a Total Score and five Primary Dimensions: Negative Mood, Interpersonal
Problems, Ineffectiveness, Anhedonia, and Negative Self Esteem. Time: 35 minutes Description:
The DIE has been designed to measure depressive symptoms for elderly individuals. The self–
administered inventory consists of 90 items related to such depressive symptoms as depressed
mood, withdrawal, feelings of guilt and worthlessness, difficultly making decisions, vegetative
functions, self–evaluation and interpersonal behaviors. Norms: The normative sample included 1266
retired individuals residing in Florida age 65 to 91. There were 350 men between the ages of 65 and
85, and 750 women ages 65 to 91. The population was mostly middle to upper class retirees.
Scoring: The inventory uses a 5–point scale of distress (0–4), ranging from "not at all" (0) to
"extremely" (4). The DIE yields raw scores and T scores for the Total Score and Primary Dimension
scores. Results are hand scored. T scores above 65 on the Total Score and the Primary Dimensions
are considered in the "clinical range." Reliability: Internal consistency reliability has been found to
be range from .71 to .89 with an assortment of

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Adult Day Care
Disadvantages of Adult Day Care Although there are many reason why Adult Day Care Centers and
caregivers benefit the elderly. There are also reasons why they may not benefit the elderly. As the
older generation of people age, they become more physically frail. They are more weakened and
vulnerable to abuse. Unable to fight back or defend themselves people are able to take advantage of
them. Care takers are unable to live with them do to their mental or physical conditions. Elder abuse
can take place in many different forms. It can happen in an institutional setting, long term care
facility, and even with family members (Singh 2014). Passive or active neglect can occur when the
physical, social, and emotional needs ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The reality of this study is that the older generation needed to adjust with the younger generation
(Sing 2014). It's highly stressful to care for elderly adults suffering from mental or physical
impairment. People who do not have the right resources or experience might find this stressful. This
can lead to the abuse of the older person. Stress of the caregiver increase as the dependency of the
older adults needs increase. Elderly people with good health are more than likely not to encounter
abuse more so than the ones with poor health. Social isolation whether spousal abuse, child abuse or
elder abuse may be an indicator of potential abuse. Children look at their parents as role models, but
if there is violence or abuse taken place in that family. The sometimes the child grows up and is now
the caregiver returning the abuse to the older person (singh2014). A quality study involving social
workers and their experiences of therapeutic encounters with victims and perpetrators and data was
collected semi structured interviews. Data was collected from 2011 to 2012 at the Association for
the Planning and Development of Services for the Aged in Israel. The interview covered several
topics of abuse and was in–depth. Some areas covered were complexity of the experience of the
therapeutic encounter, circles echoing between the professional to include the personal,

Exercise Refferal Case Study for Rheumatoid Arthritis,...
Summary of clients details
Name: Ms. Lewis
Gender: Female
Age: 66
Contact No: 01234 5678910
Next of Kin: Mrs Levenhulme
Referral reason: Rheumatoid Arthritis, Depression & elderly
Medication: Acelofenac & Nortriptyline
Physiological Information
Blood Pressure (seated): 122/82 mmHG
Resting Heart Rate: 64 bpm
Predicted VO2max: 24 ml/kg/min
Present physical activity:
Very low, essentially sedentary
Patient's statement regarding state of change:
"I want to exercise, and I think I can do it, but I will need some support" (Preparation)
Medical conditions
Rhematoid Arthritis – Is an autoimmune disease which can cause chronic inflammation of body`s
organs, joints, and the surrounding tissue of the joints. It can ... Show more content on
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When these chemicals are released from nerve cells they act to lighten mood. When they are
reabsorbed into the nerve cells, they no longer have an effect on mood. Nortriptyline works by
preventing this re–absorption of noradrenaline and serotonin back into the nerve cells. Therefore, it
helps prolong the mood–lightening effect of any released noradrenaline and serotonin".
(http://www.tiscali.co.uk/lifestyle/healthfitness/health_advice/netdoctor/archive/100003239.html)
Possible side effects: "dry mouth, sedation, blurred vision (disturbance of accommodation, increased
intra–ocular pressure), constipation, nausea, difficulty with micturition; cardiovascular side–effects
(such as ECG changes, arrhythmias, postural hypotension, tachycardia, syncope, particularly with
high doses); sweating, tremor, rashes and hypersensitivity reactions (including urticaria,
photosensitivity), behavioural disturbances (particularly children), hypomania or mania, confusion
or delirium (particularly elderly), headache, interference with sexual function, blood sugar changes;

increased appetite and weight gain (occasionally weight loss); endocrine side–effects such as
testicular enlargement, gynaecomastia, galactorrhoea; also convulsions (see also Cautions),
movement disorders and dyskinesias, dysarthria, paraesthesia, taste disturbances, tinnitus, fever,
agranulocytosis, leucopenia, eosinophilia, purpura, thrombocytopenia, hyponatraemia

People often associate the elderly having depression as a part of ageing, but sadly it's not.
Depression in the elderly stems from multiple different reasons, such as the elderly in assisted living
do not get family visits or friends that visit, they don't get out of their room to move around and
social isolation. Many studies have been conducted on cause and effect of depression in the elderly
and since then intergenerational programs have been created to get the older generation to interact
with the younger and upcoming generations. Having the opportunity for the different generations
interact has a positive effect on both sides; the younger generations will have the opportunity to
learn new things, create a new appreciations for things and ... Show more content on
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Having the seniors retell their stories and adventures helps test their memory and brain function by
having them trying to remember the story and share it with others. Most people think that if they ask
the elderly about family, spouses, children, etc. will depress them, but it helps them keep their
family in their memory and it means alot to them to know that someone else genuinely cares and
wants to know about their life. Elderly people are expected to share their knowledge and values with
children thus demonstrating their 'generativity'. (Murayama, Yoh "The effect of intergenerational
program on the mental health of elderly adults.") Along with having SOC comes confidence thus
helps keep away depression. SOC can also be reached by setting goals and reaching those

Elderly, Older, And Older People
For families in later life there are different occasions in which the elderly is depending on their
immediate environment such as; family, churches, or government support for help. There are
interchangeable names that some will use to describe someone who is old in age. The terms that
some researchers may use are as listed; elderly, aged, and older people. There many things that
occur as an individual gets older. Once the individuals reach that "elderly stage" the amount of
social contacts will increase. Before continuing on what changes when one is elderly, it is essential
to determine what is elderly. This idea of elderly or being old is social constructed. According to
Benokraitis author of Marriages and Families: Changes, Choices, and Constraints stated, "Our
perception and definition of old also depends on our age. Regardless of how we fell, society usually
defines old in chronological age" (2015). There some complications to elderly people the limit them
from performing every day task. As an individual ages their senses began to to weaken as well as
mobility. From a psychological standpoint mental health and ageism affect older people in many
ways which will be explain further into this paper. In regards to mental stability a parent moving in
with there adult children will lessen the stress and provide a sense of comfort. Family caregiving in
later life can differ and there are different styles people apply to nurturing their parents. Being able
to have a healthy

Depression Among the Elderly
Depression Among the Elderly Though depression and anxiety are common throughout the life
cycle; depression and older age have commonly been associated with one another (Mulsant, 1998).
Unfortunately, many elderly people are not satisfied and look at this stage as depressing. After years
of planning, dreaming, and expecting the golden years to be the highlight of one 's life, the increased
number of stressors related to aging causes feelings of depression.
Depression can happen at any age from birth to death. Depression is a "heterogeneous disorder" that
can begin early in life and have recurrent episodes later in life, or the first onset may occur late in
life (Doris, 1999, p.1369). "It is already said that depression affects about ... Show more content on
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When thinking back about their lives, they should feel good, but thinking about the failure in their
lives they have feelings of depression knowing it is too late to change anything. Old age deepens our
understanding, not only of ourselves, but of aspects of life which may have been avoided
(Matousek, 1999).
In some ways loss is a normal part of aging, from personal losses and the loss of others, maybe
friends, status, and/or possessions. The National Mental Health Association 's report (2001) on
coping with loss suggests that one of the big causes of late adulthood depression is related to the
"loss of a loved one" or spouse. The loss of a loved one is life 's most stressful event and can cause a
major emotional crisis. After the death of a loved one, one will experience bereavement, which
literally means to be deprived by death. When a death takes place, one may experience a wide range
of emotions, even when the death is expected. Many people report feeling an initial stage of
numbness after first learning of a death, but there is no real order to the grieving process.
The recent loss of a spouse is a significant risk factor for depression in elderly patients, according to
a study published in the October issue of the American Journal of Psychiatry. Some people can
continue to have symptoms of depression up to two years after the loss of their spouse (Turvey,
1999). "Loss through death is a common and extremely

Elderly Population In America. Growth And Development Is
Elderly Population in America
Growth and development is an essential part of the life cycle, which leads to the occurrence of
different phases like childhood, teenage and late adulthood. Aging is the period which is
characterized by the onset of personal, cognitive and social changes. They feel hard to adjust the
changes. Like rest of the world, the US also falls in the list of countries which have the highest
population of elderly people. According to the Population Reference Bureau report, Americans ages
65 and older has projected to increase more than double from 46 million today to over 98 million by
2060, and the 65–and–older age group's share of the total population will rise to nearly 24 percent
from 15 percent (Mark Mather). The ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Some also think that older people are absent–minded, forgetful, feeble, stuck in the past, more
conservative than the younger. Some same behavior of the younger and older people is viewed and
interpreted differently by the society. For example, if your mom asks for the key to you and your
grandmother, the perception differ in your mother's view. If you forget where the keys are then your
mother probably think you have too many things in your mind so you forgot temporarily. Similarly,
if your grandmother forgets then your mother views grandmother as chronically forgetful and has
some mental disorder. People think that older people have more physical and mental problem due to
which they need to live in nursing homes and old age homes. But the fact is only 5.4% of the elderly
people are placed in a nursing home because of their physical and emotional problems. The rest of
the population is living independently in their family home, assisted living and with family
members and friends. The elderly people who are unemployed are seen caring for their family
members, volunteering in schools, church, daycares, hospitals, library and civic service
organization. They have often seemed engaging in charitable works. Some elderly people even
continue their education. An elderly people suffer from numerous challenges. Office for National
Statistics analysis shows 600,000 increase between 2001 and 2011 in a number of people living on
their own. Almost 60 percent of people aged

Benefits Of Obtaining A Lasting Relationship With A Dog
The purpose of this essay is to investigate the benefits of obtaining a lasting relationship with a dog.
Through research examined from multiple different sources the important positive influences a dog
can provide include an increase in mental health, social health, and physical health. By acquiring a
relationship with a dog a person can seek out meaningful companionship that they are not obtaining
from being in a human relationship (Kurdek, 2009). One reason a person may turn to a dog for
company is due to a recent loss of a loved one (Kurdek, 2009). In a study by Kurdek (2009) it was
shown that dogs could help people in an elderly care facility by providing them with social
interactions. The social interactions created helped the elderly with mental and social health, but the
interactions with the dog also improved their physical health. In a study by Martin, Wood, Christian,
and Trapp (2015) it was shown that owning a dog creates the obligation to walk the dog daily. With
the increase in physical activity Martin et al. observed an increase in mental and social health of the
subjects results from their study.
Importance of the Family Dog For many of centuries dogs have been an essential part of many
people's lives. There are old sayings like dogs are man's best friend, and 33% of Canadian homes
own at least one dog (Perrin, 2009). People have been known to consider their dog to be an
important family member or even treat their dog as their own child, this is

An Understanding Of One Of The Largest Towns
The purpose of this essay is to provide the reader with an understanding of one of the largest towns
in Perthshire, Blairgowrie. It will aim to provide a generalisation of the area as well as reasons why
people decide to live there. Key factors such as age, diet and nutrition and employment of
Blairgowrie residents will be discussed as well acknowledging comparisons.
Blairgowrie is a picturesque town located in central east Scotland. It is approximately 18 miles from
Perth and 19 miles from Dundee. The town welcomes tourist and visitors to the area and has
thousands of visitors each year. Blairgowrie houses various souvenir and antique shops. It has many
cafes and takeaway shops. There is one information centre where local residents ... Show more
While the mills no longer exist the soft fruit farming, predominantly strawberries and raspberries,
continue to grow and contribute largely to the economic community. Blairgowrie and Rattray is now
a joint town since being joined in 1928 by an Act of Parliament.
The population, according to Scottish Neighbourhood Statistics (2011), state that 5407 people
resided in West of Blairgowrie (originally Blairgowrie). From this 696 were children, 2880 were
working age and 1831 pensionable age. The population according to Scottish Neighbourhood
Statistics (2011), state that the population in the East (originally Rattray) was 2966 people. From
this 527 were children, 1738 were working age and 701 pensionable age. Neighbourhood statistics
state that 110630 was the population of Scotland which 27596 were pensionable age and over. In
comparison, Blairgowrie being 34% and Dundee being 24%, this may suggest that older people
perhaps enjoy living in rural areas, village environments and encounter less pollution. A large
majority of property in this area is privately owned with only a small amount of property being
rented.
Education establishments in Blairgowrie consist of one high school, Blairgowrie High School and
three primary schools, Newhill Primary School, Rattray Primary and St Stephens Primary School. St
Stephens is a Roman Catholic school with an enrolment of 96 pupils. Blairgowrie High School
2013/14 school role was 857 pupils which includes transfers

Aging Assignment. What contribute to depression in Elderly? What is elderly depression? Elderly
depression can be said in a short word as the problems of some adults or some challenges the adults
face at their old age. "Depression in elderly person can sometimes be hard to recognize and it is not
just about feeling sad (webmd.n.d)", it has more to it. Most of the time depressions is been seen as a
symptom for another medical condition. Research shows that depression is one of the major
problem the elderly people are facing in this part of the world. At time when they are depressed we
think it is a normal thing for an elderly person to be depressed, but that is not the fact, the facts is
that, Depression disorder affects every part of their ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
– Failure to make important decisions. – Neglecting duties such as housework, gardening, paying
bills. – Decrease in physical activity and exercise. – Reduced self–care such as personal grooming,
eating. – Increased use of alcohol or drugs (prescription and non–prescription). What contribute to
elderly depression. Research shows that the following may contribute to depression: – Low levels of
key neurotransmitter chemicals in the brain (serotonin, norepinephrine) – A family history of
depression: some people their history or their family background is one of the reason behind their
depression. – Traumatic life events, such as abuse or the death of a loved one: some seniors faced
some abuse when they were young, and whenever they remember the event in their life they might
be depress – Limited mobility: some people do not have access to go out by themselves again and
that might contribute to their depression – Isolation – Facing mortality – Transitioning from work to
retirement – Financial hardships – Prolonged substance abuse – Deaths of friends and loved ones –
Widowhood or divorce – Chronic medical conditions Factors that increase depression in elderly

The Cause Of Depression In The Elderly Population
Depression and the Elderly Introduction Depression is a common mental illness within the entire
population, but especially in the elderly population due to a variety of circumstances and obstacles
that occur during the aging process. In any case depression may be difficult to notice, but is
especially difficult in the elderly population. Elderly people are less active than younger adults, and
experience different obstacles later in life that contribute to the cause of depression. Dealing with
different medical problems, living alone, decreased mobility, and loneliness are all factors that
contribute to depression. Aging is an inevitable part of life, and everyone is going through it every
day. Aging can be difficult for some and more difficult ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Depression is a mental illness that requires medical attention and treatment by a medical
professional. According to Evans and Mottram (2000), it is very difficult for depression to be
diagnosed in a hospital setting for a variety of reasons such as: elderly often do not give accurate
information, hospitals are noisy and not private, it may be hard to transfer to a private room, and
they may be exhausted from their illness. According to the American Medical Association Journal of
Ethics (2008), when assessing depression you should try to determine what their ability to do daily
living activities also known as (ADLs) such as showering, getting dressed, eating, using the
restroom, etc. Understanding ADLs in patients initially makes it easier for a doctor to recognize
when there is a change in ability to do these

Aging In Elderly
Aging is something you cannot avoid. For some they age gracefully and for others it is challenging,
but for most there fear and worry that they will be left with little to no care. Throughout this paper, I
will discuss how mental, physical and developmental disabilities affect the elderly, the dominant
assumptions and stereotypes they face as they grow older and as well as how their basic human
needs are being met. As you age you become fragile and weaker, on slip or one fall could lead to a
series of health problems as well as disabilities. Elderly people can face mental and physical
disabilities and some elder people are born development disabilities. Acquiring a mental disability
such as dementia or depression is common in elderly adults ... Show more content on
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Elderly individuals can experience ageism which is described as "prejudice or discrimination
against a particular age–group and especially the elderly" (Ageism, 2017). When it comes to older
ages there are many stereotypes. One for example is that they become frail and weak (Grenier,
2005). Evidence shows that if the elderly is often exposed to negative stereotypes about their age
group, they will begin to see themselves differently. This change in perception can have negative
effects on their health and well–being (Dionigi, 2015). This view of frailty can also impact the way
caregiver and family members treat the older individual (Dionigi, 2015). To continue, another
negative stereotype based around the elderly is that aging is a bad thing. People between the ages of
50–70 years old can feel great and perhaps start a new beginning such as a marriage or career
(Altmann, 2015). It is said that "age is no longer a predictor of performance. "Old" is not a useful
word to determine ability, any more than other stereotyped labels" (Altmann, 2015). Even though
there are negative stereotypes there are also positive ones, but they appear to be a little far fetched. It
is commo for people to assume hat the elderly are wealthy. (Dionigi, 2015). In recent years, there
has been significant increases in numbers in the amount of elder people living in poverty and this
number is looking to

Depression in the Elderly Essay
Depression in the Elderly
Depression later in life frequently coexists with other medical illnesses and disabilities. In addition,
advancing age is often accompanied by loss of key social support systems due to the death of a
spouse or siblings, retirement, and/or relocation of residence. Because of their change in
circumstances and the fact that they're expected to slow down, doctors and family may miss the
diagnosis of depression in elderly people, delaying effective treatment. As a result, many seniors
find themselves having to cope with symptoms that could otherwise be easily treated.
Depression tends to last longer in elderly adults. It also increases their risk of death. Studies of
nursing home patients with physical illnesses ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In many cases, a combination of the following treatments is most successful.
Antidepressant Medicines
Many antidepressant medications are available to treat depression. Most of the available
antidepressants are believed to be equally effective in elderly adults, but the risk of side effects or
potential reactions with other medicines must be carefully considered. For example, certain
traditional antidepressants –– such as amitriptyline and imipramine –– can be sedating and cause a
sudden drop in blood pressure when a person stands up, which can lead to falls and fractures.
Antidepressants may take longer to start working in older people than they do in younger people.
Since elderly people are more sensitive to medicines, doctors may prescribe lower doses at first.
Another factor may be forgetting or not wanting to take their medication. Many elderly patients are
taking lots of drugs, which can lead to increased complications and side effects. In general, the
length of treatment of depression for the elderly is longer then it is in younger patients.
Psychotherapy
Most depressed people find that support

Elderly Women With Depression Research Paper
Elderly women with depression
Aremelder Johnson
Leigh Steiner –HDC 542
University of Illinois in Springfield Illinois
The identification of the vulnerable population
In today's society you will look around and see that elderly single women is not being represented
much at all and all you see is that mainstream is getting younger every day. Notwithstanding, you
can't turn on your television without seeing young programming that doesn't cater to an older
demographic especially older woman. Consequently, it is growing problem among elderly single
women with depression. In The Guardian it states, "Some mental health experts argue that women
are unhappier now than they used to be because their expectation are too high. ... Show more
Conversely, even if it is society, environmental, or low self–esteem it can be a challenge to a woman
that is alone in this world. In today's society you will look around and see that elderly single women
is not being represented much at all and all you see is that mainstream is getting younger every day.
Consequently, you can't turn on your television without seeing young programming that doesn't
cater to an older demographic especially older woman. Nevertheless, it is growing problem among
elderly single women with depression.
References
WHO organized the First Ministerial Conference on Global Action Against Dementia in March
2015
Gallagher, D. E., Breckenridge, J. N., Thompson, L. W., & Peterson, J. A. (1983). Effects of
bereavement on indicators of mental health in elderly widows and widowers. Journal Of
Gerontology, 38(5), 565–571. doi:10.1093/geronj/38.5.565
Lin, P., & Wang, H. (2011). Factors associated with depressive symptoms among older adults living
alone: An analysis of sex difference. Aging & Mental Health, 15(8), 1038–1044.
doi:10.1080/13607863.2011.583623

Depression In The Elderly Research Paper

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Depression In The Elderly Research Paper