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- 2. 2 Chemistry of Fire Fire burns because there are three elements present... Fuel Heat Oxygen By removing any one element a fire can not occur, or a fire will not be able to sustain combustion.
- 3. 3 Fire Prevention Practices... Keep passage ways and exits clear Ensure fire extinguishers and fire alarm pull stations are accessible at all times Place trash in proper receptacles Ensure that fire doors are not blocked open
- 4. 4 Plan for Fire Emergencies... Read & understand the fire evacuation plan for your area Know the location of at least two (2) emergency exits Know the location of fire alarm pull stations and fire extinguishers Take part in fire drills
- 5. 5 Plan for Fire Emergencies... Have you ever stayed at a hotel and taken the time to look at the evacuation plan posted on the inside of the room door? Think about the following, you’re awakened at 3am from a sound sleep to hear this loud whistling sound or horn blaring. As you begin to wake up you smell smoke and suddenly you are no longer sleepy.
- 6. 6 Plan for Fire Emergencies... You run to the door, feel it for heat and open it. The hallway is full of thick black smoke, and it invades your room and your lungs, choking you. You fall to the floor and start to crawl forward looking for the exit signs. Only you can not see them and you do not know where the stairs are. And you think to your self ....... your alarm rings and you wake up, it was only a dream. But it could happen. Always be prepared, know your role in the event of a facility fire and take an active part.
- 7. 7 In Case of Fire... Remain calm. Don’t panic or cause confusion. NEVER shout fire. Proceed safely to nearest fire exit Feel surfaces of doors before opening Crawl to exit if smoke is present in area Follow instructions of Fire Department Remember R.A.C.E. and P.A.S.S.
- 8. 8 R.A.C.E. for Fire Safety... Rescue anyone in immediate danger. Activate the fire alarm pull station Contain the fire Extinguish the fire, if your safety can be assured
- 9. 9 P.A.S.S. for Fire Extinguisher Use... Pull the pin Aim at base of the fire Squeeze the handles together Sweep from side to side
- 10. 10 Classes of Fire The most common fire extinguisher used in healthcare is multiclass, or what is termed an ABC class extinguisher. Ordinary Combustibles Flammable Liquids Involving Electricity Combustible Metals
- 11. 11 Fire Drills... Conducted every quarter on every shift in Hospital Respond immediately as if actual fire. Remember R.A.C.E. and P.A.S.S. All corridor fire doors are connected to fire alarm & detection system and will close automatically once activated
- 12. 12 Fire Drills... Fire doors are designed to withstand fire, heat and smoke for a period of 20-minutes to 3 hours. Did you know that corridor doors are fire doors and should have a 20 minute rating? Corridor laboratory doors should have a 60 minute rating. Fire Doors are required to: Be Self Closing: fire doors should have a door closure that pulls doors completely shut after the door has been opened Have Positive latching: a positive latch locks a door in place so can open swing open freely.
- 13. 13 No Smoking Policy... Smoking by anyone, which includes patients, visitors, medical staff, associates, and visitors is prohibited inside the buildings.
- 15. 15 What is Electricity? A medium that provides a very convenient means for transferring energy from one place to another Correctly used, electricity is our most versatile form of energy Control of most electrical hazards is neither difficult or expensive, but ignoring them can cause serious consequences
- 16. 16 Characteristics of Electricity... Electricity has most of the characteristics of water, in that it flows and has a current that can be measured
- 17. 17 Electrical Faults Result in Shock, Burns or Fire... Flow of Current Occurs when a person or conducting object bridges gap between live conductors and ground or between live conductors. This action causes current to flow.
- 18. 18 Electrical Faults Result in Shock, Burns or Fire... This is the reasoning behind birds on high voltage wires and why they do not fry. Since the bird is only on the wire there is no conduction between ground or other live conductors. However, if I go to trim my trees and touch the wires or place my ladder on the wires, I have bridged the gap between the live conductor and the ground. Current flows from the line through my body and gets discharged into the ground. That is a big OUCH!
- 19. 19 Electrical Faults Result In Shock, Burns or Fire... Static Electricity Occurs when static electrical charges accumulate from friction between dissimilar materials. Discharge of static electricity causes a mild shock.
- 20. 20 Causes Of Electric Shock... Current flow is the factor that causes injury in electric shock; body resistance will determine the path of flow Once the skin is broken, a victim will have sharply reduced internal resistance to the flow of current
- 21. 21 Low Voltage Lethal Shock Computations... Circuits of 110 volts or less can kill when the conditions are right. This is regular household current. Synchronized cardioversion 100mA
- 22. 22 Overcurrent Devices... Protect circuit from excessive heating by opening the circuit automatically in event of excessive current flow from accidental ground, short circuit, or overload. Examples include fuses and circuit breakers.
- 23. 23 Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter... GFCI is a fast-acting circuit breaker that is sensitive to very low levels of current leakage (5mA) to ground. When leakage becomes hazardous, it interrupts circuit.
- 24. 24 Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter... You can find GFCIs in what electricians call “wet” areas such as the bathroom and kitchen. GFCIs are normally used for outside wiring outlets also.
- 25. 25 Electrical Safety Policy... An equipment management plan exists to identify, evaluate, inventory, and maintain medical equipment to reduce the physical and health risks associated with its usage All biomedical and electrical equipment used in a Hospital must be inspected and tested prior to use and labeled with a safety sticker
- 26. 26 Electrical Safety Policy... All electrical devices a patient may bring into the hospital need to be inspected and tested prior to use and labeled with a safety sticker prior to their use.
- 27. 27 Electrical Safety Rules... Visually inspect all equipment for damage prior to use Do not use extension cords for permanent wiring Unplug equipment by pulling on the plug and not the cord Damaged or defective biomedical/electrical equipment must be removed from service and reported to appropriate authority for repair
- 28. 28 Electrical Safety Rules... Keep fluids, chemicals, and heat away from equipment, cords, and cables Maintain sufficient access around equipment & panels for operations/maintenance Do not touch energized/conductive surfaces with one hand while touching the patient with the other Know the function of each control prior to using equipment
- 29. 29 Emergency Power Hospitals are equipped with emergency generators which will start automatically if there is a loss of electrical power Emergency generators are tested monthly in Hospitals Red electrical outlets provide emergency power for critical patient care equipment
- 30. 30 Just to recap,fire requires three elements. Heat source, fuel and oxygen. When one is absent, there can be no fire. It is important to take an active part in fire drills so that you are aware of what your role is in the event of a fire. Remember R.A.C.E. and P.A.S.S. Points to Remember
- 31. 31 Electricity is a convenient source of energy but should not be taken for granted. It has a current that can be measured and if not respected can kill. The human body has the ability to conduct electricity and serves as the conducting object when an individual touches a live circuit. Points to Remember
- 32. 32 All patient electrical devices must be checked and cleared by biomed prior to use in the facility, they will have a tag attached when this has been completed. Most of electrical safety, and for that matter fire safety, involves common sense and an ability to keep your eyes open for hazards in the work place. Points to Remember