What factors did the researchers determine prevented the Soay sheep i.pdf

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What factors did the researchers determine prevented the Soay sheep introduced to Hirta Island form growing exponentially? Solution Following are the factors that researchers determined prevented exponential growth of Soay sheep in Hirta island: a. Climate change. When high population density combines with poor winter weather. b. Low resistance to nematode parasites makes them less successful reproductively. c. Lacks ideal conditions for growth and survival offspring. d. The effects of increasing density reduces the birth rate. e. Scarcity of food aspopulation increases. f. Harsh weather mainly cold wet winters weaken the sheep and reduce food availability thereby decreasing population..

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write a java program related to Huffman coding. Solution The Java program for Huffman coding is as below: public final class Huffman { private Huffman() {}; private static class HuffmanNode { char ch; int frequency; HuffmanNode left; HuffmanNode right; HuffmanNode(char ch, int frequency, HuffmanNode left, HuffmanNode right) { this.ch = ch; this.frequency = frequency; this.left = left; this.right = right; } } private static class HuffManComparator implements Comparator { @Override public int compare(HuffmanNode node1, HuffmanNode node2) { return node1.frequency - node2.frequency; } } public static void compress(String sentence) throws FileNotFoundException, IOException { if (sentence == null) { throw new NullPointerException(\"Input sentence cannot be null.\"); } if (sentence.length() == 0) { throw new IllegalArgumentException(\"The string should atleast have 1 character.\"); } final Map charFreq = getCharFrequency(sentence); final HuffmanNode root = buildTree(charFreq); final Map charCode = generateCodes(charFreq.keySet(), root); final String encodedMessage = encodeMessage(charCode, sentence); serializeTree(root); serializeMessage(encodedMessage); } private static Map getCharFrequency(String sentence) { final Map map = new HashMap(); for (int i = 0; i < sentence.length(); i++) { char ch = sentence.charAt(i); if (!map.containsKey(ch)) { map.put(ch, 1); } else { int val = map.get(ch); map.put(ch, ++val); } } return map; } private static HuffmanNode buildTree(Map map) { final Queue nodeQueue = createNodeQueue(map); while (nodeQueue.size() > 1) { final HuffmanNode node1 = nodeQueue.remove(); final HuffmanNode node2 = nodeQueue.remove(); HuffmanNode node = new HuffmanNode(\'\\0\', node1.frequency + node2.frequency, node1, node2); nodeQueue.add(node); } return nodeQueue.remove(); } private static Queue createNodeQueue(Map map) { final Queue pq = new PriorityQueue(11, new HuffManComparator()); for (Entry entry : map.entrySet()) { pq.add(new HuffmanNode(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue(), null, null)); } return pq; } private static Map generateCodes(Set chars, HuffmanNode node) { final Map map = new HashMap(); doGenerateCode(node, map, \"\"); return map; } private static void doGenerateCode(HuffmanNode node, Map map, String s) { if (node.left == null && node.right == null) { map.put(node.ch, s); return; } doGenerateCode(node.left, map, s + \'0\'); doGenerateCode(node.right, map, s + \'1\' ); } private static String encodeMessage(Map charCode, String sentence) { final StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder(); for (int i = 0; i < sentence.length(); i++) { stringBuilder.append(charCode.get(sentence.charAt(i))); } return stringBuilder.toString(); } private static void serializeTree(HuffmanNode node) throws FileNotFoundException, IOException { final BitSet bitSet = new BitSet(); try (ObjectOutputStream oosTree = new ObjectOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(\"/Users/ap/Desktop/tree\"))) { try (ObjectOutputStream oosChar = new ObjectOutputStream(new F.

write a java program related to Huffman coding.SolutionThe Jav.pdf

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Why do ion channels not function like open pores? What is membrane potential? How do K+ leak channels work? Why is the membrane potential of a resting cell negative? What is patch clamp recording? What is one of the major insights gained from patch clamp reporting experiments? Compare and contrast the three types of gated ion channels. Be familiar with the different parts of a neuron. During an action potential, what happens to the membrane potential, voltage-gated Na+ channels, Na+ ions, voltage gated K+ channels, K+ ions, and Na+-K+ ion pumps? When an action potential reaches a synapse, what happens to the Ca2+ channels, Ca2+ ions, neurotransmitters, transmitter-gated ion channels, and the post synaptic neuron? What effect do excitatory or inhibitory neurotransmitters have on postsynaptic cells? What is an example of a mechanically gated ion channel? Solution 1.Excitable cells, such as fast-acting neurons and muscle cells, have specialized channels that open in response to a signal and permit rapid ion movement across the cell membrane. The opening of just a single ion channel alters the electrical charge on both sides of the membrane. The resulting charge differential then causes adjacent voltage-sensitive channels to open in chain-reaction fashion, creating a self-propagating electrical signal that travels down the entire length of the cell. Sometimes, this sequence of events is triggered when a chemical signal — such as a neurotransmitter — binds to an ion channel receptor on cell\'s surface. Other times, a cell\'s ion channels open in response to mechanical (rather than chemical) stimuli. 2.In cells of all types, there is an electrical potential difference between the inside of the cell and the surrounding extracellular fluid. This is termed the membrane potential of the cell. When a nerve or muscle cell is at \"rest\", its membrane potential is called the resting membrane potential. In a typical neuron, this is about –70 millivolts (mV). The minus sign indicates that the inside of the cell is negative with respect to the surrounding extracellular fluid. 3.The leak channels allow K+ to move across the cell membrane down their gradients (from a high concentration toward a lower concentration). With the combined ion pumping and leakage of ions, the cell can maintain a stable resting membrane potential and create membrane potential of a resting cell negative. 4.Patch clamp recording is an extremely useful technique for investigating the biophysical properties of the ion channels that control neuronal activation. The procedure involves pressing a glass micropipette against a cell in order to isolate a small “patch” of membrane that contains one or more ion channels. The experimental setup further allows scientists to “clamp” the electrical environment of the patched area by precisely controlling the voltage across the cell membrane, which, depending on the ion channels present, impacts the flow of ions through the membrane and allow for int.

Why do ion channels not function like open poresWhat is membrane .pdf

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Which of the following is not an organic molecule? C_12 H_9 SO_3 H C_9 H_13 NO_3 C_10 H_13 N_5 O_4 H_2 NCH_2 CN COCl_2 Solution Important criteria of an Organic and Inorganic compound are: Organic compounds are chemical compounds which contain carbon-hydrogen(C-H) bonds while inorganic compounds do not have carbon-hydrogen(C-H) bonds. Inorganic compounds contain metal atoms while organic compounds do not..

Which of the following is not an organic molecule C_12 H_9 SO_3.pdf

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1. The process of an internal employee or outside consultant reviewi.pdf

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what does the pi signify in statistics? I have a Ho and Ha. pi(infested)= pi(control) Solution pi in statistics in this context means that is a proportion that you can calculate with a sample For example: lets say that the sample is N= 50 in this sample there are 20 person infested and there are 30 person in control p for infested is the proportion of persons that are infested of a sample of 50 and is 20/50=0.4 p for control is the proportion of persons that are in control of a sample of 50 and is 30/50=0.6.

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what are the changes to IMC strategy a company faces in light of the digital upheaval led by Google, Yahoo, Microsoft, and others. Solution Integrated Marketing Communication (IMC) is the application of consistent brand messaging across both traditional and non-traditional marketing channels and using different promotional methods to reinforce each other. True IMC is the development of marketing strategies and creative campaigns that weave together multiple marketing disciplines (paid advertising, public relations, promotion, owned assets, and social media) that are selected and then executed to suit the particular goals of the brand. Instead of simply using various media to help tell a brand\'s overall story, with IMC the marketing leverages each communication channel\'s intrinsic strengths to achieve a greater impact together than each channel could achieve individually. It requires the marketer to understand each medium\'s limitation, including the audience\'s ability/willingness to absorb messaging from that medium. This understanding is integrated into a campaign\'s strategic plan from the very beginning of planning - so that the brand no longer simply speaks with consistency, but speaks with planned efficacy.This concept inherently provides added benefits that include: a singular/synchronized brand voice and experience, cost efficiencies generated through creativity and production, and opportunities for added value and bonus.

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What are homologous traits? Similar traits in different organisms based on common function. Traits only found in the genus Homo. i.e. living humans and their extinct ancestors. Similar traits resulting from independent evolution in different groups of organisms. Similar traits in different organisms based on common descent. How does cladistics differ from evolutionary systematic? Only cladistics traces evolutionary relationships and constructs classification that reflect these relationships. Only evolutionary systematics recognizes that organisms must be compared using specific characters. Only cladistics rigorously defines the kinds of homologies that yield the most useful information. Only cladistics uses homologous traits to trace evolutionary relationships. Why is the paleo species concept more difficult to apply to organisms than the biological and the ecological species concepts? Because reproductive isolation cannot be stuffed directly. Because ecological distinctions are difficult to impossible in past environments. Because neither exclusive mating nor ecological niche separation are usually accessible in fossil specimens. Because homologous traits are rarely expressed in fossil specimens. speciation is characterized by? Complete reproductive isolation of two populations. Partial reproductive isolation of two populations. No reproductive isolation of two populations. Complete ecologic niche separation of two species. What is the age of the oldest known fossils found on Earth: 3.8 billion years. 3.5 billion years. 2 billion years. 520 million years. is the study of: What happens to organic matter after death. How bones mineralize during fossilization. The rules of classification. Ancestral traits in closely related species. When general and specialized traits of organisms are considered in evolution it is important to recognize that only a generalized ancestor can profit from the flexible evolutionary basis for rapid diversification. Which of the following animals is an appropriate example for a highly specialized placental mammal that is structurally adapted to a narrow, rodent/woodpecker-like corniche: The duck billed platypus. The wallaby. The white- tailed deer. The aye-aye of Madagascar. Solution 38 d. Homologous traits are are shared by different species that share a common ancestor. Similar in structure or genetics, but may have very different functions and appearances. Example: bones in the wing of a bird and the hand of a primate are homologous.

What are homologous traits Similar traits in different organisms bas.pdf

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There are 102 people consisting of 51 married couples in a room. Ass.pdf

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List the necessary steps for the Abiotic origin of life theory? Solution Abiotic origin of life theory explains about the synthesis of organic compounds from the non- living molecules. Abiotic origin of life theory explains about the origin of living things from the non-living components. The abiotic origin of life theory says these non-living abiotic molecules might have either originated near the hydrothermal vents or have been come from the space or from the asteroids dust. The abiotic molecules form the organic monomers. These organic monomers assemble to form polymers. These polymers get incorporated into a cell in form of a droplet called protobiont. The organic molecules such as proteinoids form microspheres and liposomes form lipid bilayer within an enclosed water environment. The cell shows the process of replication..

List the necessary steps for the Abiotic origin of life theoryS.pdf

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ldentify the correct statement(s) regarding threats to independence: I. The management participation threat involves a risk of the auditor essentially reviewing the reports indicating the results of decisions that the auditor participated in when serving in an attest client management role. Il. The advocacy threat involves an appearance of preferentially serving the audit firm and its interests over the interests of the client and the investing public. II. The AICPA requires audit partner rotation every three years as a safeguard to independence. O Ionly O Il and Ill only O Il only O I, II, and IllI Solution The correct answer is Option A i.e. I only The correct statement is the management participation threats involves a risk of the auditor essentially reviewing the reports indicating the results of decisions that the auditor participated in when serving in an attest client management role..

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Item 1 In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button. Original Source Material Student Version While solitary negative reactions or unjustified suggestions for change have the potential to dissipate discourse rather than build it, the pattern analysis shows that the anonymous condition seemed to provide a safe explorative space for learners to try out more reasons for their multiple solutions. Teachers will rarely give anonymous feedback, but the experience of giving anonymous feedback may open a social space where learners can try out the reasons for their suggestions. References: Howard, C. D., Barrett, A. F., & Frick, T. W. (2010). Anonymity to promote peer feedback: Pre- service teachers\' comments in asynchronous computer-mediated communication. Journal of Educational Computing Research, 43(1), 89-112. Teachers don\'t often provide feedback anonymously, but the ability to provide feedback anonymously may create a context where the rationale associated with specific suggestions can be more safely explored (Howard, Barrett, & Frick, 2010). However, we cannot assume that all anonymous online spaces will serve as safe social spaces. Which of the following is true for the Student Version above? Word-for-Word plagiarism Paraphrasing plagiarism This is not plagiarism Hints Item 2 In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button. Original Source Material Student Version But what are reasonable outcomes of the influence of global processes on education? While the question of how global processes influence all aspects of education (and who controls these forces) is multidimensional and not completely testable, there appear to be some theories of globalization as it relates to education that can be empirically examined. References: Rutkowski, L., & Rutkowski, D. (2009). Trends in TIMSS responses over time: Evidence of global forces in education? Educational Research and Evaluation, 15(2), 137-152. The authors are not alone in asking “what are reasonable outcomes of the influence of global processes on education?” (p. 138). In fact, this same question provides the basis for the discussion that follows. Which of the following is true for the Student Version above? Word-for-Word plagiarism Paraphrasing plagiarism This is not plagiarism Hints Item 3 In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button. Original Source Material Student Version Merck, in fact, epitomizes the ideological nature--the pragmatic idealism--of highly visionary companies. Our research showed that a fundamental element in the \"ticking clock\" of a visionary company is a core ideology--core values and a sense of purpose beyond ju.

Item 1In the case below, the original source material is given alo.pdf

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In your opinion, what is the purpose of a funeral? What function does it serve? Does the method of disposition effect the way the mourners will grieve? What conflicts may arise among family members regarding the way in which a funeral is planned and conducted? Solution Funeral is symbolic, public and traditional means of expressing our beliefs, thoughts of the dead ones whom we love.It is a ceremony connected with the burial, cremation of a dead person.The funeral ceremoney is very important. It provides a place for family and friends to gather and pray for the dead soul whome they had loved, a chance to say goodbye and a process where healing process begins. It is also important to which community the person is dead so that all the people gatherand pray for his soul and notify that house where his heir has to take over after the death of his father.The place and method of final disposition is very important to the people of the dead person. The public display grief, wailing,crying for the dead one. Some show sound of music to potray that they want to send the soul with smiling face and let him get peace at heaven.Earth burial is common one and nowadays everyone prefers to burn the body through electric pyre and avoid the decompositiin of the body and get bad memories. But few prefer Earth burial even today to have an remeberance and fond memories when they visit the graveyard. Everbody have a different way of exhibiting their grief and sadness. Some old people wnat to shell out their sorrow by screaming and shouting.If one of the sister forces herself to do the funeral then the other members of the family might get upset that without their knowledge, they have planned and spoilt the funeral ceremony. Some might start to fight in front of the dead body due to to some property dispute among the siblings and gold distribution. Familymemebers might challenge the decicions made for the funeral for the funeral send off by an unbiased , outside individual. One of the best ways is to educate the families regarding this funeral process and the old people always have their wish to be completed about their funeral and always share this with their dear ones..

In your opinion, what is the purpose of a funeral What function doe.pdf

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In two paragraphs, how it should be the Academic plan for an engineering student? Solution The Academic Plan is a detailed roadmap that will lead us toward a future of continuous academic success. The plan made up of group of core members resulting in top-level objectives and corresponding actions was designed to benefit every segment of the college population.To set these actions in motion, college must move forward with the same collaborative approach and rigorous consultation process used to create the plan. The plan’s successful implementation rests on ability to unify through collaboration with faculty, staff, students and communitymembers. The Objectives should be: Expanding the Reserach Strength: Research, scholarship, and creative work are essential activities that distinguish universities from other educational institutions. These activities are fundamental to institutional reputation, and a significant factor in making the university an attractive place for prospective faculty and students.The Academic Plan will boost college research profile by investing in faculty and graduate students and heightening awareness of current and emerging areas of research strength. Promote Program Quality and Innovation Institution prides itself on its innovative and distinctive programs, enriched and expanded by disciplinary permeability. Recognizing that a well-grounded disciplinary course of study remains the necessary foundation of a solid university education, the actions under this objective will lead to more highly contextualized and focused criteria for defining the success of all programs. Bulid Support to Student Sucess Student success is a core purpose of universities, as well as source of great satisfaction for instructors and students alike. The actions under this objective build on college current practices around providing an outstanding learning experience. They also serve to refresh College continuing commitment to preparing all our students, traditional and non-traditional, to master the academic skills we consider essential to their success. Increase in Expertimental learning and Community Engagement Experiential learning and community engagement are two closely related facets of our core academic mission: they allow us to test knowledge against experience and to put knowledge to use for the benefit of society. The actions under this objective focus on improving institution longstanding commitment to engaged learning experiences, in the knowledge that practical experience can round out a strong university education and heighten student engagement,motivation and success. The actions also aim to heighten Institution commitment to forging partnerships and building bridges with constituencies outside campus boundaries. Improve academic leadership and Adminstrative Support Effective administration is essential to support the realization of Institution academic goals. It involves a clear understanding that Institution academic mission is.

In two paragraphs, how it should be the Academic plan for an engineer.pdf

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in natural selection, explain what is a sexual selection, neutral variation and balancing selection Solution The concept of natural selection explains that how a species can have breeding populations adapted to local conditions. Based on the principle of natural selection the selection of genotypes occurs and that would result in offspring with better reproductive capabilities. Natural selection always results in better survival of an organism, so the genetic changes driven by the natural selection make the species to adapt to the local conditions so that they can survive. These species may exhibit high genetic variation may be because out breeding, but gradually due to the inbreeding in these adapted species, the genetic variation will be minimized and they evolve as a separate species. The sexual selection refers that a species which exhibit dominant sexual characters to the opposite partner has the ability to mate with female and expand its gene pool. Natural variation: In variation selection, the traits within the organisms undergo mutations to allow the organism to best adapt to the environment by means of natural selection (Darwinian evolution), these mutations are inherited by the nest generation offspring. In case of transformational selection or Lamarck’s theory, the individual organisms change by inheriting the transformations within a generation. The three types of selection that we observe in speciation are disruptive selection, stabilizing selection and directional selection. Disruptive selection occurs due to the selection for the extreme values of traits instead of intermediate values. This divides the population into two different groups. Disruptive selection is one of the main driving forces of sympatric speciation, which occurs when there are no physical barriers that prevent species to mate together. The occurrence of speciation may be depending on the availability of different food sources and existence of different shelters. When comes to the balanced selection the allele frequencies remain contestant throughout the evolution..

in natural selection, explain what is a sexual selection, neutral va.pdf

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In a 2 to 3 page paper, research and discuss the dilemmas we now face with Technology & Science. In addition discuss some of the ethical delimmas around Information and Communications. Argue your position (For or against) where you stand with 1 or 2 of the ethical situations you selected. Solution In 2013 ,as a new year approach a group of scientists have created a list of emerging etical dilemma and policy issues in science and technology.The Reily Center explores conceptual,etical and policy issus where science and technology interect with society from different disciplinary perseptives.The center aimed to present a list of items for scientists and laypeople alike to consider in the coming months and years as new technology develop.There are many ethical dilemmas: personalized genetic tests/personalized medicine:What are the potential privacy issues, and how do we protect this very personal and private informaton?with little or no guidance from physicians or genetic counselors on how to process the information. Hacking into medical devices: Implanted medical devices, such as pacemakers ,are susceptible to hackers.How do we make sure these devices are secure? 3-D printing: Scientists are attempting to use 3-D printing to create everything from architectural models to human organs.while the technology still lags behind the hype ,we could be looking at a future when we can print personalized pharmaceuticals or home-printed guns and explosives. Adaption to climate change: We need to identify effective and safe ways to help people deal with the effects of climate change, as well as learn to manage and manipulate wild species and nature in order to preserve biodiversity. Autonomous systems: Machines are increasingly evolving from human-controlled,to automated,to autonomous,with the ability to act on their own without human input. Human-animal hybrids: The idea of a chimera comes straight out of Greek mythology, but so far scienists have kept human-animal hybrids on the cellular level. Ensuring access to wireless and spectrum: Mobile wireless connectivity is having a profound effect on society in both developed and developing countries. Data collection and privacy: We think about privacy when we post something to a webpage or social media.Now that microprocessors and permanent memory are inexpensive technology, we need to think about the kinds of information that should be collected and retained. Human enhancements: Pharmaceutical ,surgical ,mechanical,and neurological enhaencements are already available for therapeutic purpose. Ethical issues: Ethics is a code of thinking and behavior governed by a combination of personal,moral,legal,and social standards of what is right.Suggestions are made regarding etics education for public health and medical practioners,which specifically relate to the emerging ethical dilemmas posted by the growing availability of predictive genetic tests.Genetic discrimination has moral and ethical implications. Ethics inv.

In a 2 to 3 page paper, research and discuss the dilemmas we now fac.pdf

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Compare and contrast the traits and growth patterns of opportunistic versus equilibrium populations. Provide one example of each. Solution Answer= Opportunistic polpulation = In opportunistic population growth pattern is exponential 2] The populations are regulated by density independent factors 3] organisms produce number of gametes because chance of fertilization is very low 4] examples = Insects ,corals , oysters etc. Equilibrium populations = 1] Growth pattern is logical 2] The populations remain near carring capacity 3] Organisms have much fewer offspring & take care of them 4] examples = Birds , mammals & fishes.

Compare and contrast the traits and growth patterns ofopportunisti.pdf

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How heat is gained by a sustance inside a metal box by radiation of the sun Solution Leslie\'s cube is a metal box with four differently painted sides. If it is filled with boiling water from a kettle you can use either your hands or a thermopile connected to a meter to try and decide which surfaces give out the most heat radiation.Remember that all the sides of Leslie\'s cube are at the SAME TEMPERATURE and so are both sides of the metal plate although some surfaces give out more heat radiation than others.

How heat is gained by a sustance inside a metal box by radiation of .pdf

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Help me with python! (3 problems)This is a recursion section! Plea.pdf

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Explain how to distinguish between these arthropod: spiders, insect, millipedes, centipedes. Explain how to distinguish between these arthropod: spiders, insect, millipedes, centipedes. Solution By simply looking at them, you can make the distinction. Spiders have four pairs of legs and a cephalothorax, means head and thorax are fused together. Insects have head, thorax and abdomen; they have 3 pairs of legs. Millipedes\' body has many segments. Each segment has one pair of legs. Centipedes\' body also has many segments. And each segment has two pairs of legs..

Explain how to distinguish between these arthropod spiders, inse.pdf

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Discuss the difference between Bacillus and bacilli, and the difference between Streptococcus and streptococci. Solution Bacillus is a rod shaped bacterium. Bacillus is singular(single bacterium) while bacilli is plural (a group of bacillus bacterium). Streptococcus is spherical shaped bactarium. Streptococcus is singular (single bacterium) while streptococci is plural (a group of streptococcus bacterium)..

Discuss the difference between Bacillus and bacilli, and the differe.pdf

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