social sa2 board paper with answers

1. Class X_Delhi_Social Science_Set-2
22.
“Democracy is seen to be good in principle but felt to be not so good in practice.” Justify
the statement.
5
Ans.
Democracy is seen to be good in principles but not in practice because of the following
reasons.

The decision making process in democracy is time-taking, whereby justice
delayed is justice denied.

The tyranny of the majority overrides the will of the minority.

Corruption and red-tapism dominates the functioning of democracies.

An illiterate and uninformed electorate fails to give itself a legitimate and
accountable government.

The role of charismatic leaders and dynastic politics dominates political cultures.
23.
“Some of the Muslim political organisations in India, were lukewarm in their response to
the „Civil Disobedient Movement‟.” Examine the statement.
5
Ans.
Large sections of Muslims were lukewarm in their response to the Civil Disobedience
Movement due to the following factors.
i)
The decline of Khilafat and Non-Cooperation Movements led to alienation of
Muslims from the Congress.
ii)
From the mid 1920s, the Congress was seen to be visibly associated with Hindu
nationalist groups like the Hindu Mahasabha.
iii)
Relations between Hindus and Muslims worsened and communal riots took place.
iv)
The Muslim League gained prominence with its claim of representing Muslims
and demanding separate electorates for them.
24.
How do industries pollute environment? Explain with five examples.
Ans.
Industries pollute environment in the following ways.

Emission of undesirable gases like carbon monoxide and sulphur dioxide cause
air pollution and affects human health, animals, plants and the atmosphere.

Organic and inorganic industrial wastes like coal, dyes, soaps, pesticides and
fertilisers, plastic and rubber are discharged into rivers. This imbalances the
marine eco-system as the water becomes acidic, toxic and saline.

Industrial water contaminates the fertility of soil.

Unwanted loud noise and sound also cause hearing impairments.
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2. Class X_Delhi_Social Science_Set-2
25.
How have our markets been transformed in recent years? Explain with examples. 51=5
Ans.
In recent years, markets have transformed in the following ways.

The advent of globalisation and the policy of liberalisation has opened the market
to the world players.

MNCs are playing a major role in the world market by introducing exchange of
technology between countries.

There has been increase in foreign trade and investment.

Better means of communication have developed alongside globalization.

Better job opportunities for people have given rise to migration.
26.
Compare the struggles of Nepal with that of Bolivia.
Ans.
A comparative study of the struggles in Bolivia and Nepal brings points of similarities
and differences.
The similarities are as follows:

Both were public demonstrations

They used the methods of strikes

There were mass mobilisations

The political organisations played an important role

Both showed the exercise of political power in democracy
The differences are as follows:
1.
The movement in Nepal was to establish democracy, while the struggle in Bolivia
involved claims on the elected democratic government.
2.
The popular struggle in Bolivia was concerned about privatisation of water, while
the struggle in Nepal was about the foundation of the country's politics.
3.
The protest in Nepal was led by a political party (SPA), while in Bolivia, it was
led by a pressure group (FEDECOR).
27.
Why are rules and regulations required for the protection of the consumers, in the market
place? Explain with examples.
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Ans.
Rules and regulations are required to protect the consumers in the market place because
of the following factors.

Adulteration: People tend to add adulterants (or chemicals) in food to make it
look better.

False claims: Producers make false claims about the durability and quality of their
products through advertisements.

Under weighing: Sellers generally under weigh products and charge their original
prices.

Hoarding and black-marketing: Sellers generally hold up stocks in the market to
create artificial scarcity so as to sell them later at higher rates.

Selling at high price: Sellers, who sell necessities, generally sell them at higher
prices.
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3. Class X_Delhi_Social Science_Set-2
28.
How did culture play an important role in creating the idea of the „nation‟ in Europe?
Explain with examples.
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OR
How were Vietnamese nationalists inspired by Japan and China to set up a democratic
republic? Explain with examples.
Ans.
Culture played an important role in creating the idea of the “nation” in Europe in the
following ways.

Romanticism, a cultural movement, sought to develop a particular form of
nationalist sentiment. It generally criticised the glorification of reason and Science
and focused instead on emotions, intuition and mystical feelings. Its effort was to
create a sense of a shared collective heritage, a common cultural past, as the basis
of a nation.

Collection and recording forms of folk culture was essential to the project of
nation-building. Karol Kurpinski, for example, celebrated the national struggle
through his operas and music, turning folk dances like the polonaise and mazurka
into nationalist symbols.

Language too played an important role in developing nationalist sentiments. After
Russian occupation, the Polish language was forced out of schools and the
Russian language was imposed everywhere. The use of Polish came to be seen as
a symbol of the struggle against Russian dominance.
OR


Vietnamese shared an amicable relationship with Japan and China. They provided
models for those looking for change, a refuge for those who were trying to escape
the French police, and a location where a wider Asian network of revolutionaries
could be established. In 1907-08, some 300 Vietnamese students went to Japan to
acquire modern education. They appealed to the Japanese as fellow Asians and
later established a branch of the Restoration Society in Tokyo.
Developments in China also inspired Vietnamese nationalists. In 1911, the long
established monarchy in China was overthrown by a popular movement under
Sun Yat-Sen, and a Republic was set up. Inspired by these developments,
Vietnamese students established the Association for the Restoration of Vietnam
(Viet-Nam Quan Phuc Hoi).
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4. Class X_Delhi_Social Science_Set-2
29.
Describe any five major problems faced by road transport in India.
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Ans.
Five problems faced by road transport in India are given below.

volume of traffic and passengers is very large

road network is inadequate

half the roads are unmetalled, which limits their usage in rainy seasons

national highways too are inadequate

roadways are highly congested in cities and most bridges and culverts are old and
narrow
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