reTHiNKing
BUSINESS
MODELS
@ivanovitch
Ivan Askwith
linkedin.com/in/ivanaskwith
(wait, who is this guy?)
introductions.
@ivanovitch
independent
consultant & producer
@ivanovitch
@ivanovitch
graduate work at mit
…on pop culture & fandom.
@ivanovitch
@ivanovitch
three
biases
1. Fans and communities matter.
@ivanovitch
three
biases
1. Fans and communities matter.
2. Marketing isn’t about messaging.
@ivanovitch
three
biases
1. Fans and communities matter.
2. Marketing isn’t about messaging.
3. Technologies change. People don’t.
@ivanovitch
examining
business models
@ivanovitch
“How do we get consumers to understand CUs?”
“How do we get them to listen to us?”
“How do we get them to appreciate what we do?”
@ivanovitch
“How do we get consumers to understand CUs?”
“How do we get them to listen to us?”
“How do we get them to appreciate what we do?”
“What do CONSUMERS want and need?”
“What would THEY find most meaningful?”
“How, or why, ARE WE FAILING to provide it?”
@ivanovitch
It’s not about you.
It’s about them.
@ivanovitch
examining
business models
@ivanovitch
@ivanovitch
@ivanovitch
@ivanovitch
Not railroads. 

Transportation.


Not petroleum.
Energy.


Not DVDs. 

Entertainment.
@ivanovitch
Businesses will do better in the
end if they concentrate on
meeting customers’ needs,
rather than on selling products.
- Theodore Levitt, 1960
@ivanovitch
What business 

do you think you’re in?
What do your customers 

actually want and need?
What business
do consumers think you’re in?
What opportunities emerge
from giving them what they want?
@ivanovitch
@ivanovitch
one more
challenge.
what if no one
actually wants to
talk to you?
@ivanovitch
@ivanovitch
the
television
business
@ivanovitch
Television still thinks that
it is in the business of
BROADCASTING

CONTENT
in order to
so that it can
BUILD HUGE

AUDIENCES
MAKE $$$ FROM

ADVERTISERS.
@ivanovitch
an interesting
pattern
1. Networks focus on content for the

Lowest Common Denominator.
@ivanovitch
an interesting
pattern
1. Networks focus on content for the

Lowest Common Denominator.
2. The shows that inspire the most devotion

are often the first to get canceled.
@ivanovitch
an interesting
pattern
1. Networks focus on content for the

Lowest Common Denominator.
2. The shows that inspire the most devotion

are often the first to get canceled.
3. Fans of these “cult hits” have no recourse

except to protest the networks.
@ivanovitch
the traditional television

business model offers viewers a
take-it-or-leave-it
proposition.
@ivanovitch
wait! let’s talk
semantics.
@ivanovitch
fanatics.
cults.
@ivanovitch
customer

n. a person or organization that buys
goods or services from a store or business.
fan

n. an enthusiastic devotee, follower, or
admirer of a sport, pastime, celebrity, etc.
@ivanovitch
community

n. a group sharing common characteristics or
interests, perceived, or perceiving itself, as distinct
from the larger society within which it exists.
cult

n. a group or sect bound together by
commitment to the same thing, person, or ideal.
@ivanovitch
fans
networks
vs
@ivanovitch
they fight for it.
When fans love something,
@ivanovitch
pre-internet
internet
@ivanovitch
@ivanovitch
an in-depth example
@ivanovitch
@ivanovitch
didn’t pay the rent.
Passion was great, but it
@ivanovitch
didn’t pay the rent.
Passion was great, but it
But why not?
@ivanovitch
@ivanovitch
“…But NBC executives made clear on Tuesday
that the renewal came about mainly
because of an advertising partnership
that was suggested to Ben Silverman, a
chairman of NBC Entertainment, by
Subway executives, who were enthused
about the special marketing opportunities the
show afforded the company…”
@ivanovitch
@ivanovitch
Q: If Castle had its series finale
tomorrow and Fox said to you and
Joss: “We screwed up, let’s try doing
Firefly again.” Would you do it?

A: Yes. Yes. I would examine very closely
Fox’s reasoning — I’m a little gun-shy. 

If I got $300 million from the California
Lottery, the first thing I would do is buy
the rights to Firefly, make it on my own,
and distribute it on the Internet.
@ivanovitch
@ivanovitch
contributed more than
$1 Million.
12,000 fans
No one even

had to ask.
@ivanovitch
“Shut up and take my money!”
hasn’t changed.
yet the core business model
@ivanovitch
@ivanovitch
@ivanovitch
Why not let fans influence
what gets made?
@ivanovitch
2005
2013
“You’re an idiot.”
- 2005
@ivanovitch
2005
2013
“You’re an idiot.”
- 2005
“No, wait. Come back.”
- 2013
@ivanovitch
@ivanovitch
@ivanovitch
@ivanovitch
• Propose an idea.
• Set a minimum fundraising goal.
• Set a fundraising deadline.
• No financial ROI.
• Offer other incentives.
• It’s all or nothing.
How it works.
@ivanovitch
We had one month to get

$2,000,000.
@ivanovitch
We had one month to get

$2,000,000.
It took less than
ten hours.
@ivanovitch
Has‘VeronicaMars’hintedatthevalue
ofservingnicheaudiences?
Has‘VeronicaMars’suggestedthe

valueofcreator/fanrelationships?
Has‘VeronicaMars’revealedthatfans

aretiredofbeingignoredbynetworks?
@ivanovitch
case study.
the rest of the
@ivanovitch
Don’t just deliver a movie. 

Create a year-long experience.


Don’t just keep the promise. 

Overdeliver on it. 



Don’t just market to fans. 

Build a lasting relationship.
@ivanovitch
@ivanovitch
@ivanovitch
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@ivanovitch
interesting
a few
results.
@ivanovitch
RESULT 1
creator/fan relationship.
We saw the value of a direct
@ivanovitch
“This is the best money I’ve ever spent.”
“The movie was great, but this experience has
been even better. I feel so involved.”
“Can we do the next movie on Kickstarter too?”

“I’ll give 10 times as much next time!”
“This isn’t the studio’s movie, it’s ours.”
“I’m getting everyone I know to go see it.”
@ivanovitch
@ivanovitch
“Whatever anyone involved
does, for the rest of your careers: 

I’ll be behind you.”
@ivanovitch
@ivanovitch
RESULT 2
focusing on our fans.
We were praised and criticized

for the same exact thing:
@ivanovitch
@ivanovitch
“Veronica Mars is far less interesting
(except, probably, to its fans) as a movie
than as a potential model for financing
the kind of smaller films that
major Hollywood studios aren’t
much interested in making anymore.”
@ivanovitch
1. Always consider what business you’re actually in.
2. There’s value in serving small, devoted communities.
3. Treat people like partners, not customers.
4. Focus on the relationship. Loyalty will follow.
5. What you’re selling isn’t what you’re selling.

Your brand isn’t your product, but what it means.
@ivanovitch
relevant
a few
lessons.
@ivanovitch
1. Could a credit union develop a cult following?
2. How do you turn your customers and members 

into fans and collaborators?
3. Where are the national banks failing, and not
interested enough to fix the problems?
final
a few
questions.
Thanks!
@ivanovitch
Ivan Askwith
linkedin.com/in/ivanaskwith

THINK 2014: reTHINKing Business Models