Theory of Buildings ARCH 243 - 3 - Outdoors

1. Outdoors of home environment
 We need open spaces around our homes
 The proportion and function of outdoors around
homes is determined by our life styles.
 People living with agriculture and animal husbandry
need more open space
 People living with industrial work or services also
need open spaces but they are packed in tight
settlements in cities.

2.  Yayla, every where is animal garzing land

3.  Detached home
within agricultural
land.

4.  Row houses were first form of dense
neighborhoods in industrialized cities...

5.  Row houses have a minimum outdoor space at
the front and at the back of the dwelling unit.
 It is “breathing area” for the neighborhood, air
can flow through buildings.
 It is also a functional and recreational area for
people.
 Proportion of outdoor areas determine the
population density for the neighborhoods.
 Size of building site / Size of built space this
is the ratio which have impact on determining
the urban character.
 In Turkish it is KAKS and TAKS !

6.  Because there is high demand for housing in
our cities,
 Housing developers' commetial interest is to get
maximum KAKS and TAKS,
 Planning autorities try to control density by
applying limits to KAKS and TAKS numbers.
 However it doesn't guarantee the quality of
outdoor spaces.

7.  KAKS is the
ratio of
built area/lot area
Here it is 1:1

8.  Here both
KAKS and TAKS are
1: 0,5

9.  KAKS is 1:1 but
 TAKS is 1: 0,5

10.  What is the ratio here
?

11.  Now, in this case
some things are
wrong!...
 It is difficult to plan
interiors
 Building cast large
shadows to streets
or neighboors
 Air flow is effected.

12.  With such limitations planners control
QUANTITIES of outdoors.
 These issues will be further discussed in city
planning curses, our purpose is to discuss
QUALITIES of outdoors.
 In planning outdoors,
 Public or private ownership
 Activities it accomodate
 Directions, size and topography
 Hard and soft elements...., are important

13.  Outdoors in domestic
context are
 Privately owned in
detached or row
houses.
 Collectively owned in
housing estates

14.  Design of
outdoors in such
estates are
usually for better
marketability.

15.  If we have to plan outdoors for needs of a
particular family, which activities we may
include ?
 Child play
 Outdoor living, dining and sometimes sleeping
 House work (laundry drying, carpet washing,...)
 Hobby gardening, pleasure gardening
 Car parking
 Recreational and sportive activities.

16.  The size of site dictate us the the choice of
activities
 We may have breakfast are and dinner area
seperately, inaccordance with
sun/shade/summer/winter/changing view,....,
situations.
 For pleasure garden we may have lawn, terraced
flower beds,rock gardens,cascaded water or still
water,...,
 Child play changes with age,....,
 Movement of Sun changes but in constant cyles

17. At a spot on northern hemisphere

18.  Shade cast by same
vertical object moves
during day, we can
use it.

19. Dominant
winds for
İstanbul
POYRAZ
LODOS
Climatic conditions are also effected by winds

20.  POYRAZ freezes us in winter but prefered in
summer. It brings fresh cool air.
 LODOS is disturbing when very strong, but
pleasant as a breeze. Always charged with
positive electricity , therefore disturbing to us.
 Each region have its own favorable and
disturbing winds.

21. No land is perfectly flat
 Ground always have countours formed by
natural forces, smooth or steep.
 People think it is easy to build on flat areas,
therefore dig out grounds.
 But it is risky to disturb natural countours of land
because it may cause land slides (toprak
kayması)
 Flow of underground water may be disturbed
(yer altı suyunun akışı)

22.  Some of the
most beautiful
settlements
are on sloping
sites

23.  Slopes give us
spatial varriety,
changing views
and directions,
therefore different
outdoor zones are
created.

24.  A building should
not fight against
sloped topography
 It should make
use of it.
 Multiple levels
enriches outdoors

25.  Even on a flat
site people try to
create this
diversity.

26.  Instead of large
cut and fills, it is
easy to create
levels on ground
with small
changes

27.  Or more
built-up
levels

28.  All additions we do in out doors are landscaping
 Hard landscaping is built up
 Soft landscaping consist of plants and water
 Plants are for ground covering
 Space defining, border making
 Colouring
 Landmarking

29.  Since 1960 ies population flow from small towns
to large cities
 Dense settlemets in large cities
 High rised living
Made us almost to forget outdoor living....
Only a hundred years ago we had a higher
culture of garden life.

30. ABALI TB.I,3 30
A konak in old Çankırı

31. ABALI TB.I,3 31
• This is not home of a ruling elite family of İstanbul but
home of the judge (kadı efendi) of remote town.
• As can be seen, the owners of the Konak enjoyed a lot
of outdoor living and rich spatial experience (zengin
mekansal deneyim).
• How did lives of people changed and why were konaks
abondened ?
• How are the dream home images in modern Turkish
people`s minds ?

34. ABALI TB.I,3 34
A konak in old Çankırı