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What is a project
- 1. Karen Caine What is a Project?
- 2. Outline • What is a project? • Why are projects and project management important? • Project life cycle • Project management • Project management knowledge areas
- 3. What is a Project? • “A temporary endeavour undertaken to create a unique product, service, or result” (PMI, 2020) • The project has deliverables. It can create; – Component or end item – Capability to perform a service – A result such as an outcome or document https://www.pmi.org/about/learn-about-pmi/what-is-project-management
- 4. Project vs Operations Project Temporary Project Management Unique deliverable Operations Ongoing Business Process & Operations Management Produces the same repeatedly
- 5. Elements of projects • Projects are complex, one-time processes • Projects are limited by budget, schedule (time) and resources • Projects are developed to resolve a clear goal or set of goals • Projects are customer focused
- 6. Characteristics of Projects • Projects are: – ad hoc endeavours with clear life cycle – building blocks helping execute organisational strategies – responsible for the newest and most improved products, services, and organisational processes • Cross functional and organisational boundaries • Include traditional management functions of planning, organising, motivation, directing and control • Must satisfy customer requirements within quality, cost, & time constraints • Projects are terminated upon successful completion of performance objectives
- 8. What do projects do? Concepts Reality
- 9. Project Management • “the application of knowledge, skills, tools, and techniques to project activities to meet the project requirements”. (PMI, 2020) • began to emerge as a distinct profession in the mid-20th century. • The Project Management Institute developed and maintains PMBOK – the Project Management Body of Knowledge https://www.pmi.org/about/learn-about-pmi/what-is-project-management
- 10. Benefits of Good Project Management • Better control of financial, physical, and human resources • Improved customer relations • Shorter development times (time to market) • Lower costs, higher profit margins • Higher quality and increased reliability • Improved productivity • Better internal coordination • Higher worker morale (less stress)
- 11. Stakeholders’ needs and expectations Successful Projects Scope Mgt. Time Mgt. Cost Mgt. Quality Mgt. People Mgt. Comm. Mgt. Risk Mgt. Procure Mgt. Core functions Facilitating functions Project Management Integration Resources Project Management Framework
Editor's Notes
- Project: A temporary endeavor undertaken to create a unique product, service, or result. Program: A group of related projects, subprograms, and program activities, managed in a coordinated way to obtain benefits not available from managing them individually. Portfolio: Projects, programs, subportfolios, and operations managed as a group to achieve strategic objectives. Snyder, Cynthia. User's Manual to the PMBOK Guide (2nd Edition). Somerset, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, 2013. ProQuest ebrary. Web. 4 October 2014. Copyright © 2013. John Wiley & Sons. All rights reserved.
- Temporary means having a definite beginning and end. The end is reached when the project’s objectives have been achieved, or if the project is terminated for any reason. Temporary does not mean short in nature, and it could well be a mammoth project – like a 10 year project – for example, sending a man to moon, sending Curiosity to Mars, Building the Taj Mahal or the Pyramids Secondly, each project creates a unique product, service or result. Sure, there may be some repetitive elements present in each project, but the output must be unique – like similar housing projects in the same area with the same design may be similar, but each will have unique challenges, different contractors, issues, etc. that will make them each unique. Operational Work? An ongoing work effort is generally a repetitive process because it follows an organization’s existing procedures. Production operations, accounting operations, manufacturing a product are all Operational activities. Operations are permanent initiatives that produce repetitive results, with resources assigned to do the same set of tasks and produce a standard output. In the life of a product, there will be many projects to improve the product, add new features etc. and these projects will come and go as required. The underlying production of the product will continue as usual, although there will be refinements done and included in the product over the period.