Highway machinary

Highway
Machinery
By: Engr. Ihsanullah
ihcan@engineer.com

introduction
INTRODUCTION
• Different type of machinery is used in the
construction of roads.
• The initial cost on machinery is more, so in
mega project its use is economical but in small
works its use is uneconomical.
• The use of machinery is time saving.
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introduction
The machinery use in the construction of roads are
• Road roller
• Dozer
• Grader
• Trencher
• Scraper
• Ripper
• Scarifier
• Tractor etc
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• Use to
compact
the earth
(soil) by
its weight.
Road Roller
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Types of road roller1. Smooth Wheeled Roller
• Its weight is up to 10 ton.
• It is the most old type of roller.
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Types of road roller
2) Sheep Foot Roller
• It is use for the
compaction of
clayey soil
(cohesive soil),
where the smooth
roller can’t work.
• (Video)
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3) Pneumatic Tyred
Roller
• It is use to compact
bitumen.
• (Video)
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4) Vibratory Roller
• This produce vibration to help in compaction.
• It is suitable for granular soil.
• Other type of roller can be vibratory too.
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Types of road rollerVibratory Roller
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DOZER
• Dozer is used to cut and push the material.
• Spreading the material
• It is use for cleaning
• Side hill cut
• Filling ditches
• Ditching
• Snow dozing
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Types of dozer1) Bull Dozer
• It is the most common type. It has a blade
• Used to push material
• Also use to level

Types of dozer
2) Angle Dozer
• it has blade
which can rotate
up to 30 degree.
• Use to push the
material to the
left or right.

Types of dozer3) Tree Dozer
• It has a special blade use for removing the
trees.
• It also can be use for ditching and spreading
material.
• (Video)

Drag
• It is use to draw material.
• Is is also drawn by ox or camel

Grader
It is use for different task.
• Making slope
• Mixing material
• Cutting soil and pavements
• Dozing snow
• Remove plants
• Ditching
• (video)

Drag Line
• Use for ditching, and to fill up the materials in
trucks.
• Use to make canal, and cleaning the canals.
• It may be crawler type or tyred
• It perform ditching without entering in the
ditch.
• (Video)

Drag line

Trencher
• It is use for digging for pipelines of gas, oil or
water
• (Video)

Scraper
• It is use to dig soil and transfer to other place.
• It is only for soft soil.
• It has a two parts,
• Bucket and prim mover
• (Video)

Tractor
• It is a multi purpose machine.
• It is use for agriculture works as to draw the
trolley and pushing the material.

Types of Tractor
1) Crawler Type
Tractor
• Use for heavy works
• It is purely use for
pushing and cutting
material through
blade.
• Use in soft and
watery soil.

Drag line
2) Rubber type tractor
• Use for light works

Ripper
• Use to clean earth for making railway lines,
road etc
• It plough connected with grader to dig out the
earth.
• Also called roter.

Scarifier
• It is connected with grader, which use to dig
hard soil.
• Also connected with road roller.
• Its jaws are adjustable.
• For hard earthen work the number of jaws are
decrease.
• The depth of jaws in the soil can also be
controlled.

Scarifier
• Use for ditching, and to fill up the materials in
trucks.
• Use to make canal, and cleaning the canals.
• It may be crawler type or tyred
• It perform ditching without entering in the
ditch.

Tip Wagon
• The specific vehicle which use to carry
material from one place to another place.
• Also called dumper.
• Its body can be tilted to evacuate the load
material.

CONCRETE MIXER

Concrete Mixer
• It is use to mix different component of
concrete.
• It efficiency depends upon the speed of
rotating drum and the blade of the mixer.
• It consume petrol or diesel as fuel.
• Size of mixer is express in the form of volume
it mixes of concrete at a time.
• For example 10/7 means 10 cubic meter
before mixing and 7 after mixing.

Parts of mixer

Types of concrete mixer
• There are two types of concrete mixer
A. Portable concrete mixer
B. Concrete Batching plant
We will discus portable concrete mixer
Portable concrete mixer Concrete batching plant 32ihcan@engineer.com

Types of concrete mixer
A) Portable Concrete Mixer
• It can be moved from one place to another
• It has wheels of rubber of steel
• Use for small works
• Draw by engine or by hands

Types of mixer
The portable mixer has two types
a) Tilting Mixer
• It is small in size and use for small works.
• Its drum can be tilted to fill up or to be empty
up the mixed concrete

Types of mixer
I) Hand Fed Tilting Mixer
• In this type the material to be mixed is thrown
directly in to the drum
• it has steel plates in the drum to mix the
material.
II) Load Fed Tilting Drum Mixer
• It is relatively large in size.
• The material is put in the drum by a steel
pan which is lift up by a cable .

Types of mixer
Hand fed tilting mixer Load fed tilting drum mixer

Types of mixer
b) Non Tilting Type Mixer
This type of mixer rotates horizontally
Concrete is put and drawn as such.
It is has two types
i. Reversing Drum Mixer
• This type is use for relatively large projects.
• There are two types of blade inside its drum.
• It has double direction movement.
• One blade rotates in one direction while other in
another direction.

Types of Mixer
ii) Roller Pan Mixer
• It use commonly for mixing mortar
• It consist of steel pan and steel roller
• Steel roller rotates inside the pan
• The mixed material is got through the side
openings.

Types of Mixer
Reversing Pan Mixer Roller Pan Mixer

Highway machinary

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