E journals

International Journal of Library and Information Science (IJLIS), ISSN: 2277 SCIENCE (IJLIS)
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LIBRARY AND INFORMATION – 3533 (Print)
ISSN: 2277 – 3584 (Online) Volume 2, Issue 2, July - December 2013, © IAEME

ISSN : 2277 – 3533 (Print)
ISSN : 2277 – 3584 (Online)
Volume 2, Issue 2, July - December (2013), pp. 13-25
© IAEME: www.iaeme.com/ijlis.html
Journal Impact Factor (2013): 5.1389 (Calculated by GISI),
www.jifactor.com

IJLIS
©IAEME

UTILIZATION OF E- JOURNALS BY THE RESEARCH SCHOLARS OF SREE
SANKARACHARYA UNIVERSITY, KALADY: A CASE STUDY
ANIE, N C
Reference Assistant,
Sree Sankaracharya University of Sanskrit,
Kalady, Ernakulam District, Kerala 680 724
anieshaju72@rediffmail.com
Dr. P. Sivaraman
Associate Professor
Department of Library and Information Science
Distance Education Wing, Annamalai University
Abstract: Library consortium aims to provide the member institutions and its users with
maximum information with limited resources. UGC/Infonet e journal consortium, a joint
venture of UGC and INFLIBNET underlines this objective by interlinking the universities
and other research institutions of the country. The study attempts to determine how the
research community of Sree Sankaracharya University, Kalady utilize this facility provided.
A questionnaire survey was conducted among 270 research scholars of the university. It
revealed that there is a high demand for library orientation program and training in the use of
e- journals.
Key words: Library Consortium, UGC/Infoent Consortium, Use of e-journals by Research
Scholars of Sree Sankaracharya University.
INTRODUCTION
A consortium can be defined as a group of organizations agreeing to work together as a
unit to achieve a pre determined common objective. Online dictionary of library and
information sciences (ODLIS) defines Library Consortium as “an association of independent
libraries and / or library systems established by formal agreement, usually for the purpose of
sharing. Membership may be restricted to a specific geographical region, type of library
(public, academic and special) or subject specialization”. Library consortiums aims to share
the available resources and to avoid the duplication of titles. The fast developments in the
computer and communication technologies, the advent of e-journals and e-databases coupled
13

International Journal of Library and Information Science (IJLIS), ISSN: 2277 – 3533 (Print)

with high speed data communication facilities has paved the way for the present form of
library consortia.
A number of library consortiums exists today in international, national and regional
levels. In India, we have some successful library consortiums, such as:
1. UGC/Infonet E journal consortium (http://www.ugc.ac.in/new iniatiatives/infonet,html)
2. Indian National Digital Library in Engineering Sciences and Technology (INDEST)
consortium. (http://www.paniit:iitd.ac.in/indest)
3. CSIR E journal consortium (http://www.miscair.res.in)
4. Forum for Resource Sharing in Astronomy and Astrophysics (FORSA)
(http://www.iiap.res.in/library/Forsa,html)
5. Health
Sciences
Library
and
Information
Networks
(HELINET)
(http://www.rguhs.ac.in/hn/ne ,html)
6. Inter University Centres (IUC-DAEF Consortia ) (http://brahma.iuc.res.in/- iuc- cc/iuc/oc,html)
Among the library consortiums the most important one is UGC/Infonet. It is a joint
venture of UGC and INFLIBNET to promote electronic resource sharing among academic
and research libraries of India. UGC launched this program in the year 2003 covering 57
universities in the first phase. Now it has completed three phases and is linked to 277
universities and it also provides Associate membership to private universities and other
research institutions. UGC acts as the funding agency of the program and provides the
member universities all infrastructural facilities to access the program. INFLIBNET centre is
the nodal agency for the implementation and monitoring of the entire program. This
consortium provides current as well as archival access to more than 7000 journals, 10
bibliographic databases, 4 open access resources from 23 publishers and aggregators. As
already pointed out the main objective of the program is to interlink the universities, colleges
and research institutions of the country electronically for achieving maximum academic and
research output by facilitating free access to scholarly e journals and databases in almost all
fields of research. It also helps to increase the teaching and learning efficiency by distributing
knowledge in electronic format. E journal service is the key stone of the program. It
facilitates free access to e journals and databases which provides bibliographic information,
abstracts and full text of the article.
Journals whether in print or in electronic format is the most important resource of a
university library as it carries the primary source of information relevant to the needs of the
scholars. In this electronic age, e journals have an advantage over printed journals. The
multiple search capabilities, easier access, quick publications, multimedia presentations,
hyperlinks etc are some of the features of electronic resources which attracts the information
seekers. Therefore accessibility to electronic resources has become an integral part of any
university library.
Sree Sankaracharya University of Sanskrit, Kalady : a profile
Sree Sankaracharya University of Sanskrit (here after SSUS) was established in 1993
to impart knowledge in various branches of Sanskrit, as well as Indology, Indian and
Foreign Languages, Philosophy, Literature, Fine Arts and Social Sciences. Along with other
14


degrees and master degree courses the university offers integrated M.Phil./Ph.D. programs in
different subjects. At present the university has 539 full time research scholars. Research
Scholars of SSUS can be classified as a unique group, as all of them doing research work in
traditional subjects such as Languages, Literature, History, Philosophy and Fine Arts. Thus
contributing a great deal to the cultural development of the nation.
In 2009 Sree Sankaracharya University of Sanskrit, Kalady was connected to this
consortium during the 3 rd phase of the program. In this phase a computer centre was
established in the university library with the installation of 1 Gbps leased connectivity under
UGC NME-ICT project. 40 computer terminals were made available to the users free of cost.
After the installation of the UGC/Infonet consortium no study had been conducted in SSUS to
determine how the e journals of UGC/infonet consortium had been utilized in SSUS. It was in
this context that this study was carried out to determine the level of awareness and utility of
UGC/infonet consortium among the research scholars of SSUS.
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
In the recent years a number of studies had been carried out on the use of e journal
consortiums in the universities and other academic institutions. The most relevant studies on
the topic are as follows:
In 2013, Nav Jyoti Dhingra conducted a study on the usage of e- resource consortium
in Agriculture. It indicated that easy way of access and easy search methods were the
important features of e resources which attracted the majority of the users. Lack of training
was the main cause for less Utilization of e journals. Majority of the population revealed that
by providing better training , the utilization of e- resources can increase.
P Gomathy conducted a study on the use of UGC/Infonet E journal consortium by the
faculty members and research scholars of Periyar university in 2013 and majority of the
respondents revealed that e journals were better than its printed version and more than 75%
of the respondents were making use of the service.
Use of UGC/Infonet consortia by the research scholars at University of Delhi: a
survey conducted by Naved Ahmad, Imtiaz Basha and Nishal Fatima in 2012, identified that
majority of the research scholars (93.68%) were aware of the UGC/Infonet consortia and
majority of them got information about the consortium through university library. The
analysis also showed that Taylor and Francis was the most accessed resource.
Awareness and usage of UGC/Infonet dogital library consortium among faculty
members of state universities in Tamil Nadu : a survey conducted by Thanuskody in 2012
revealed that more than 90% of the faculty members know about the consortium and more
than 75% of them accessed this resources for research purpose. The major problem faced by
them was the non availability of the facility at the department chamber.
A study conducted by Bhasker Mukherjee and Prashant Kumar in 2010 indicated that
more than 60% of the respondents were satisfied with the existing model of UGC/Infonet
consortium. But it needs further enhancement in terms of coverage in the area of interest of
the users. There are many journals yet to be included in the database.
15


Another study conducted by R H Walmiki, K C Ramakrishna Gowda and K R
Prithviraj on the topic in 2010, two-third of the faculty members of Karnataka state
universities revealed that, user education program conducted was only lecture oriented, no
practical training had been given and it was a reason for non use. About half of the
respondents said that non accessibility of e journals at the faculty work place was a reason for
non use. Springer Link was the highest utilized resource.
In 2009, B D Kumbar and Gururaj S Hadagali conducted a study in Karnataka
university. In that study majority of the research scholars and faculty members indicated the
necessity of including more number of e journals in the consortium. Again many of the
respondents felt the necessity for regular training/ awareness program.
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The research was undertaken with the following objectives:
1. To find out the purpose for which the research scholars use the UGC/Infonet e journal
consortium.
2. To find out the frequency of use of UGC/Infonet e journal consortium.
3. To find out the adequacy of library orientation program.
4. To find out the preference of medium and resource.
5. To find out the reasons for use or non- use of UGC/Infonet e journal consortium.
6. To find out the difficulties related to the utilization of e-journals.
7. To find out suggestions for promoting UGC/Infonet e journal service.
SCOPE AND LIMITATION
The present study is based on the belief that UGC/Infonet e journal consortium will
be a boon to the research scholars and they will constitute the main user group of the
consortium in SSUS. The part time research scholars are not included in the study because
the investigator finds that it will be a tedious and time consuming task to collect responses
from them.
METHODOLOGY
A total of 539 full time research scholars were enrolled at SSUS in various subjects
like Sanskrit, Malayalam, English, Hindi, History, Social sciences, Manuscriptology,
Comparative Literature and others. In this survey one half of the total population from each
department was selected as samples. For soliciting information from the targeted group a
stratified sample of 275 was selected. A pre structured questionnaire was distributed among
them. The research scholars were allowed to mark multiple choices relevant to them. The
data collected by this method was analyzed and inferences were made by making use of
standard statistical techniques.
ANALYSIS OF DATA
It was decided to include one half of the population as sample and 275 questionnaires
were distributed. Among the distributed questionnaires 270 were returned. Out of them 118
respondents were found not to have used this service. Then the final response rate was
56.3%.
16


Table 1: Subject wise Distribution of the Respondents
Subjects
Population
Samples
Hindi
53
26
English
45
22
History
54
28
Social sc.
47
22
Malayalam
67
34
Sanskrit
171
86
Manuscriptology
19
10
Comparative lit.
27
14
Others
56
28
Total
539
270

Subject wise Distribution : Table 1 shows the subject wise distribution of
respondents. It is seen from the table that the highest number of research scholars is in
Sanskrit followed by Malayalam. Some of the departments like Physical education, Music,
Vastuvidya, Ayurveda, Theatre, Translation studies etc. have very small number of research
scholars. So these departments were categorized as one and included under Others, that is
Music (13), Dance (8) Theatre (8), Urdu (7), Vastuvidya (6), Physical education (2)
Ayurveda (3), Translation Studies (9).
Figure 1: Computer Experience

Previous Knowledge
yes

no

10%

90%

Previous Knowledge in Computer/Internet : The figure 1 shows that the majority (90%)
of the research scholars of SSUS are computer literate.
Subjects
Sanskrit (n=86)
Malayalam (n=34)
Hindi (n=26)
English (n=22)
History (n=28)

Table 2: Use or Non use
Used
Percentage
Not Used
17
(19.76%)
69
23
(67.64%)
11
14
14(53.84%)
12
19
(86.36%)
3
26
(92.85%)
2

Percentage
(80.23%)
(32.35%)
(46.15%)
(13.63%)
(7.14%)

Comp.Lit.(n=14)

14

(100%)

0

0%

Social Sc.(n=22)

14

(63.63%)

8

(36.36%)

17


Manuscriptology (n=10)
Others (n=28)
Total (n=270)

6
19
152

(60%)
(67.85%)
(56.3)

4
9
118

(40%)
(32.14%)
(43.7%)

Use/Non use of UGC/Infonet E journal service . To get better output from the resources or
services provided in a library maximum percentage of users have to use it. Table 2 showed
that more than 40% of the total population was never used the service. Among the different
departments, 100% of the research scholars of Comparative literature are utilized the
service but in Sanskrit it was only 17%.
Table 3: Reasons for Non use
Reasons

No. of Respondents

Percentage

Not aware

44

37.29%

Cumulative
Percentage
37.29%

Lack of
Training
Lack of Time

42

35.59%

72.88%

8

6.78%

79.66%

Journals not
available

24

20.34%

100%

Reasons for Non Use: Out of the 270 respondents, 118 were never used the
UGC/Infonet
e journal service. One of the most important objective of the study was to identify the reasons
for the non use of the UGC/Infonet e journal consortium. Table 3 showed majority of the
respondents (37%) were unaware about the service. Another main reason for keeping them
away from the service was the non availability of journals of their interest. More than 20% of
the non users selected that option. 36% of the respondents said due to lack of training they do
not know how to make use of the service.
Figure 2: Library Orientation Program
Participation in Library Orientation
Program
10%

yes

no

90%

Participation in Library Orientation Program : Libraries organize orientation programs
at certain intervals to create awareness among the users about library services, collection,
building, staff etc. A well planned orientation program is a pre requisite for the efficient
usage of library services. Figure 2 showed participation in orientation programs organized
18


in the library. It was shocking that only 16 respondents (10%) took part in the orientation
program. Again majority of the respondents among the participatory group indicated that
only a very limited information had been given in the orientation program about the
UGC/Infonet e journal service
Table 4: Source of Information
Source of Information

No. of
Respondents

Percentage

Cumulative
Percentage

Library Advertisement

6

3.95%

3.95%

Friends

85

55.92%

59.87%

Teachers/Guide

44

28.95%

88.82%

Library Staff

17

11.18%

100%

Source of Information about the UGC/Infonet E journal service: Libraries always
promote their services through different channels such as library websites, orientation
programs, library bulletins etc. Library staff themselves could act as a source of information.
A majority (56%) among the respondents who were aware about the service said that they
have got the information about the UGC/Infonet service from their friends. And 30% of the
respondents indicated that their source of information were their teachers.
Table 5: Frequency of Use

Daily
Once in a week

No. of
Respondents
24
51

Twice in a week
Occasionally

27
50

Usage

15.79%
33.55%

Cumulative
Percentage
15.79%
49.34%

17.77%
32.89%

67.11%
100%

Percentage

Frequency of Use : The efficiency of a library service is measured not only in terms of the
number of users but also in terms of the frequency of use and the benefit they acquired.
Table 5 explains the frequency of use of e journal service among research scholars. It
showed that one third of the research scholars (32%) used the service occasionally and
again another one third (33%) used it once in a week and the number of daily users were
about 16%.
Table 6: Purpose of utilizing e journals
Purpose
Writing articles
Research work

No of
Respondents
9
74
19

Percentage
5.92%
48.68%

Cumulative
Percentage
5.92%
54.6%


Up-to-date knowledge

21

13.82%

68.42%

Seminar/Project
Background knowledge

34
14

22.37%
9.21%

90.79%
100%

Purpose of reading e journals : Research scholars need information in different
forms and formats for different purposes. It is obvious from table 6 that about half of the
total respondent’s utilized this service mainly for their research work. Again more than 20%
of the respondents used it for preparing for seminars and projects.
Table 7: Level of Satisfaction
Subjects
Sanskrit (n=17)
Malayalam (n=23)
Hindi (n=14)
English (n=19)
History (n=26)
Comp.Lit.(n=14)
Social Sc.(n=14)
Manuscriptology (n=6)
Others (n=19
Total (n=152)

Satisfied
7
18
9
17
21
9
10
4
16
111

Percentage
41.18%
78.26%
64.29%
89.47%
80.77%
64.29%
71.43%
66.67%
84.21%
73.03%

Not Satisfied
10
5
5
2
5
5
4
2
3
41

Percentage
58.82%
21.74%
35.71%
10.53%
19.23%
35.71%
28.57%
33.33%
15.79%
26.97%

Level of satisfaction on availability of e journals : SSUS is a special university in the
aspect of subjects offered for study. The university mainly cater to social sciences, languages
and other related disciplines. A question is included for determining how the e journals of
UGC/Infonet consortium deliver to these subjects. Among the total respondents, 111(73%)
were satisfied with the service. Based on the subject specific analysis majority of research
scholars of Sanskrit 10 (58.82%) were not satisfied with the e journal service while research
scholars of English only 5 (10%) were dissatisfied with the service. A majority of all subjects
except Sanskrit are satisfied with the existing UGC/Infonet e journal service.
Figure 3: Advantages of e journals

Features
easy access

easy search

Hyperlink

Whole time availability

Screen Reading

Downloading facility

27%
6%
15%

13%
31%
8%

Reasons for utilizing e journals : The e resources have many advantages over print
20


resources. Figure 3 indicated that easy search was the main feature which attracted more
than 30% of the respondents. The feature of Down loading facility attracted 27% of the
respondents. The features of hyper link (8%), whole time availability (15%), easy access
(13%), screen reading (6%) also were very relevant qualities of e resources which attracted
users.
Figure 4: Publishing Media

Publishing Media
print

electronic

both

31%
66%
3%

Preferred publishing media : In this electronic age, information resources are
available in print and electronic form. Figure 4 showed that more than 60% of the
respondents still consult print journals along with e journals. And more than 30% of the
respondents prefer printed journals.
Figure 5 : Preferred Output Device

Output device used
Printer

CD/ROM

Pen Drive

Writing down from the screen

0%
31%
66%

3%

Preferred Output Device : Figure 5 shows that more than 60% of the respondents prefer
pen drive to store their resources. Again more than 30% of the respondents prefer Printer as
their output device. Only a negligible number of users prefer CD/ROM as their secondary
storage.
Figure 6: Search Methods
21


Search strategy
Publisher wise searching

Journal wise searching

Keyword searching

Content page searching
4%

24%

20%

52%

Search Method : In the UGC/Infonet e journals different kinds of search methods are
possible. Figure 6 shows that more than half of the respondents were in favor of key word
searching. The next preferred search method followed is (24%) content page searching.
20% of the respondents prefer journal wise searching.
Table 8 : Preferred E Journal Resource :
No. of
Cumulative
Percentage
Respondents
Percentage
ISID
10
6.58%
6.58%
JCCC
32
21.05%
27.63%
J STORE
74
48.69%
76.32%
SPRINKER LINK
10
6.58%
82.9%
CUP
9
5.92%
88.82%
OUP
9
5.92%
94.74%
TAYLOR & FRANCIS
8
5.26%
100%
Preferred UGC/Infonet E Journal Resource: As the whole group of respondents belongs
to Literature and Social Science disciplines it was interesting to note their preference of
resource. Table 8 clearly showed that among the total respondents 74 (24%) preferred J
STORE. Then 21.05% of respondents preferred JCCC.
E Journal Resource

Table 9 : Difficulties Faced
Difficulties Faced
Non availability of FT
Journals
Lack of Training
Non
availability
of
interested Journals
Lack of Trained Staff

No.of
Respondents
34

22.36%

Cumulative
Percentage
22.37%

32

21.05%

43.41%

23

15.13%

58.54%

28

18.42%

76.96%

22

Percentage


Lack of Comp. Terminals

5

3.29%

80.25%

Searching is Difficult

12

7.9%

88.15%

18

11.85%

100%

Slow
Response
Networks

of

Difficulties Faced in using E journals : Though the e journal resources have many
advantages it was felt that in the usage there are some problems also. To analyze the
difficulties the respondents were asked to indicate the relevance of the suggestions given.
Table 9 depicted that for 34 ( 22%) respondents non availability of the full text journals was
the most relevant problem. Next to that, lack of training was the difficulty faced by 32 ( 21%)
of respondents which put them off from e journals. Another barrier faced by 28 (19%)
respondents was lack of trained staff in the computer room. 23 (15%) respondents indicated
that non availability of journals of their interest was the main reason for keeping them away
from the service. For 11 (12%) respondents slow response of networks was the main reason
for less utilization. For a smaller percentage of respondents lack of computer terminals was a
barrier.
Table 10: suggestions
Suggestions
More Training
Higher Speed of Internet
Co operation of Staff

No. of
Respondents
33
24
20

Percentage
21.71%
15.79%
13.16%

Cumulative
Percentage
21.71%
37.5%
50.66%

Inclusion of additional
40
26.32%
76.98%
e Journals
More full text e journals
18
11.84%
88.82%
Betterment of
17
11.18%
100%
infrastructures
Suggestions to promote utilization of UGC/Infonet E journal service : The study revealed
that all the suggestions given by the investigator to increase the accessibility to the
UGC/Infonet were relevant. Table 10 showed that more than 25% of the respondents
indicated that by including more e journals in the resource it is possible to increase the
utilization of e journal service. 22% of the respondents said that by providing more training
programs it can improve the usage .13% of the respondents said that by the co-operation of
the staff it is possible to promote the usage. 11% of the respondents said that by improving the
infrastructural facilities it was possible to promote the accessibility.
FINDINGS


More than 40% of the research scholars were not making use of UGC/Infonet e
journal service, though about 100% of the users were computer literate. Among the
research scholars in Sanskrit more than 80% were keeping away from the service. At
the same time in comparative Literature 100% of the research scholars were utilizing
this service. In total 56.3 % of research scholars were utilizing the service.
23





















Lack of awareness about UGC/Infonet e journal service and lack of training (37%
and 36% respectively) were the main reasons for the under utilization of the service.
20% of the respondents indicated that non availability of journals of their interest in
full text was also a factor for less utilization.
The existing library orientation program of the library was not adequate and only a
very small percentage (10%) of the respondents participated in this program.
It is find that for 60% of the research scholars the source of information about the
service was their friends.. And about 30% of them have got information from their
teachers. And only 6% of them were informed by library sources, which indicated the
inadequacy of the efforts on the part of the library in promoting their services.
One third of the research scholars were utilized this service once in a week. And
another one third were occasional users. Daily users were only about 16%.
About one half of the research scholars were utilized the service for their research
work. Only 5% of them utilized this service for writing articles.
In the subject wise analysis of the level of satisfaction on the availability of journals it
was found that the highest satisfied categories were English (89.47%), Other subjects
(84.21%), History (80.77%), Malayalam (78.28%). Again the least satisfied research
scholars were of Sanskrit (41.18%)
Easy search, down loading facility, whole time availability, easy access, hyper link,
screen reading were the relevant features of e journals in decreasing order of
preference attracted the users.
It was found that more than 60% of the users were interested to read print journals
along with e journals. This strongly indicated that even today printed journals have
not lost its importance and printed journals can coexist with e journals in future.
The study indicated that most preferred output device was pen drive for 66% of the
users. Next to that 31% of them preferred printer as their output device. It revealed
that CD Rom and writing down from the screen will become obsolete soon.
About half of the users preferred key word searching and next to that about 20% of
the users interested in content page searching.
Among the total respondents 50% were chose J STORE as their preferred e journal
resource. Next to that, more than 20% preferred JCCC.
The important difficulty faced by the users while utilizing the e journals were non
availability of full text articles (22%), lack of training (21%), lack of trained staff
(18%), non availability of journals (15%), slow response of internet (12%) , difficulty
in searching (8%), lack of terminals (3%).

SUGGESTIONS
Based on the findings of the study, the following suggestions are given :




Library services and facilities may be communicated out through library website,
university website, library news letter etc. will help to increase its utilization.
Library orientation program for the beginners and also when introducing new services
is an important pre requisite for the promotion of the entire library services.
Publishing of available e journal titles in websites or newsletters will help to promote
its utilization.
24






Periodical training programs may be arranged to enhance the usage of different types
of services provided by the library.
Inclusion of more e journals in full text especially for the subjects of Sanskrit, Hindi
etc. will help to increase the usage.
Periodical assessment of the utilization by checking the statistics available with the
publishers is very important. Which will help to cancel the less used journals from the
list and can include more useful journals.

CONCLUSION:
Though cooperation and resource sharing has emerged as an essential facet of modern
university libraries, SSUS library is still in the normative stage of these programs. It is
obvious that UGC/Infonet program has positive impact among the research scholars of SSUS.
Electronic journals do assist the users in acquiring back ground information and also current
information. By overcoming some of the barriers and providing timely awareness programs
and training it is possible to maximize the utilization of the service.
REFERENCES
1. ODLIS-Online Dictionary for Library and Information Science Available at
http://lu.com/odlis/odlis_c.cfm (accessed 12 August 2013) UGC/Infonet Digital
Library Consortium Available at http://www.inflibnet.ac.in/econ/members.php
2. Nav Jyothi Dhingra (2013). Usage of consortium for E-resources in Agriculture
(CeRA) by the faculty of Punjab Agriculture University , Ludhiana : a case study.
International Journal of Information Dissemination and Technology, 3(1), 01-07.
3. Gomathy, P. (2013). Use of UGC/Infonet E-journal consortium by the Faculty
Members and Research Scholars of Periyar University : a study. Journal of Advances
in Library and Information Sciences, 2(1), 22-24.
4. Naved Ahmad, Imtiaz Basha, Nishat Fatima (2012). Use of UGC/Infonet consortia
by the Research Scholars at University of Delhi : a survey. Library Philosophy and
Practices. Annual vol. Accessed on 19.08.2013, http://unlib.unl.edu/Lpp//(ISSN
1522-0222)
5. Thanuskody, S. (2012). Awareness and Usage of UGC/Infonet Digital Library
Consortium among Faculty members of State Universities of Tamil Nadu : a survey.
International Journal of Information Sciences, 2(3), 13-18.
6. Bhaskar Mukherjee, Prashant Kumar (2010). Use of UGC/Infonet e journals by
research scholars of Banaras Hindu University, Varanasy : a case study. Annals of
Library and Information Studies, 57, 339-347.
7. Walmiki, R.H., Ramakrishnegowda, K.C. & Prithviraj, K.R.(2010). Awareness and
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