Philippine native pigs and purebreds, upgraded and hybrid pigs

1. BREEDS OF SWINE
Margie Lumanggaya-Bibat, MSA

2. The Philippine Native Swine
• Indigenous animals belong to a large undefined
population of individuals without any uniform traits
usually absorbed to a breed.
• The local pig or Philippine Native pig belongs to the
category, as they are small and lack the anatomical
symmetry of standard breeds.
• General characteristics: Small and late maturing,
mostly solid black and white have small ears, sway
back and with weak pasterns.

3. Philippine native pig
Origin:
• Sus celebenensis philippinensis Nehring
• Sus celebenensis negrinus Sanborn
• Sus barbatus ahoenobarbus Huet
Other Scientific Name
• Sus philippinensis Luzon Warty pig
• Sus barbatusPalawan Bearded pig

4. Luzon warty pig Bearded pig

5. Purebreeds
•bred from members of a recognized breed,
strain, or kind without admixture of other blood
over many generations.

6. Purebreeds
•Landrace
•Yorkshire/Large white
•Duroc
•Pietrain
•Hampshire
• Berkshire
• Poland of China

7. List of Other Purebreeds
•Spotted Chinese Taihu pigs
•Limousine -Funjang
•Chester white -Meishang
•Hereford -Janxiang black
•Taniworth -Erhualian
• Large black

8. Landrace
• Origin – first landrace swine
was developed in Denmark for
the production of high quality
bacon.
• Characteristics
 white in color, although
black skin spots or freckles are
rather common.
 known as the longest breed
of swine (16 to 17 ribs)
 prolific and good mothering
ability under Philippine
condition.
• Disadvantage
 weak legs and pasterns
especially on the hind leg.
Some strains of landrace
have narrow body and long
legs depending on the
country of origin.

9. FEMALE
MALE

10. Yorkshire/Large white
• Origin – English bacon breed which
has its origin in Yorkshire and
neighboring countries in Northern
England. It was developed by
selection and crossing with
Leicester hog which was a white
dog.
• The present Large white was
developed in England.
• Characteristics
 Entirely white in color.
 Noted as good mothers (Mother
breed)
 They not only farrow or raise
large white
• Disadvantages
 Some individuals in this herd
are relatively short and with
big belly and they tend to
develop carcasses with excess
backfat.

11. MALE FEMALE

12. Duroc
• Origin – Eastern United States
and in the Corn Belt.
• Characteristics
 Solid colors, ranging from very
high light golden to very dark red
that approaches the color of
mahogany.
 The head is small in proportion
to the body and the jowl is
medium in size.
 The length of its legs is
proportional to the depth and
length of its body.
• Performance
 considered a superior breed in
terms of growth rate and feed
efficiency.
 has good muscle quality and is
probably the most resistant to
stress.
• Disadvantage
 some individuals have a strong
tendency to have a well arched back
which is undesirable because this
animal do not stay long in the
breeding herd.
 unsound front and hind legs that
may lead to stiff gilt or lameness are
also encountered in some animals.

13. MALE FEMALE

14. Pietrain
• Origin – Pietrain, Belgium, the
village from which the breed
takes its name, was the
birthplace of the breed.
• Characteristics
 This breed may be
appropriately called the ‘muscle”
pigs because it is well known for
its outstanding muscle
development in the ham, join and
shoulder.
• Disadvantage
 because of relatively well-
muscled ham, the number one
problem of this breed is usually
weakness of the hind legs which
do not develop as fast as the ham
muscle.
 this breed is also known for
being a slow grower and being
highly susceptible to tress.

15. MALE FEMALE

16. Hampshire
• Origin – this breed traces its
origin to Southern England
• But the first Hampshire Swine
record was original in Boone
country Kentucky, just across the
Ohio River from Cincinnati.
• Characteristics
 the most striking
characteristics of the Hampshire
is the white belt around the
shoulder and body including the
foreleg.
• Performance
 feed efficiency, length and
ham-bin percent of this breed is
excellent.
• Disadvantage
 low litter size at birth and at
weaning, poor mothering ability
and latte maturing. Being black
is also an objection because it is
associated with thick backfat is
also an objection because it is
associated with thick backfat and
with difficulty in
dressing/cleaning during
slaughtering.

17. MALE FEMALE

18. Berkshire
• Origin – South central England,
principally in the countries of
Berkshire and Wiltshire.
• Characteristics
 the distinct pecullarity of the
Berkshire breed is the short and
sometimes upturned nose.
 the color is black with six white
points, four white feet, one point
on the forehead; and another on
the switch of the tail.
• Disadvantage
 this breed has a small litter
size at birth and at weaning, late
maturing, thick backfat and the
black skin.

19. MALE FEMALE

20. Poland of China
• Origin – South-western Ohio in the fertile area known as
the Miami Valley. It is also known as the “Hot type” of
“Big type Poland of China.”
• Characteristics
 Modern Poland China is black in color with six distinct
white points, the four feet, poll of the head and switch of
the tail.

21. MALE FEMALE

22. List of Other Purebreeds

23. Spotted
• Origin – Central Indiana
• Characteristics
 large, black-and-white spots.
 Spots are known for their feed
efficiency, rate of gain and
carcass quality.
 Spotted females for their
productivity, docility and
durability.
• Disadvantage
 don’t do well in extremely hot,
sunny climates because of their
propensity toward sunburn. They
weren’t raised for those
conditions.
 can be tough to find

24. MALE FEMALE

25. Limousine
• Origin – western Massif Central
• Characteristics
 very lively and alert Iberian breed of pig is accustomed to
foraging for its food in the wild.
 It is white with black marks of varying sizes.
 There are two black patches, one on the head and the other on
the rump.
 Its body is stout, broad and supported by long and strong
limbs.

26. MALE FEMALE

27. Chester White
• Origin – Chester County, Pa., United States of America
from which their name was formed.
• Characteristics
 A large overall appearance with fatty characteristics and
features but with relatively thinner but stout legs; the
head is big and has overlapping ears
 White, pinkish white
 Docile
 tail are long and twisted

28. MALE FEMALE

29. Hereford
• Origin – domestic pig from
United States.
• It is also called Hereford Hog, and
it was named for it’s color and
pattern. The color pattern of this
breed is similar to that of the
Hereford cattle breed, red with a
white face.
• Characteristics
 Their face is of white color and
is of medium length which is
slight dished. They have a
medium sized dropping ears.

an active and hardy animal.
well suited for both intensive and
extensive pig farming system, and
the breed also do well in a wide
variety of climates.
 usually have a docile
temperament.
 Their quiet nature, friendly
behavior and docile temperament
are good for the young people and
for the new pig farmers.

30. MALE FEMALE

31. Tamworth
• Origin – Ireland where they were
known as “Irish Grazers”, being
given that name due to the fact
that they were such wonderful
foragers.
• Characteristics
 They were long of limb, long in
the snout and flat in the rib.
 They were active, hardy, good
rustlers, and very prolific, but
they were slow feeders and late in
maturing.
an active and hardy animal.
well suited for both intensive and
extensive pig farming system, and
the breed also do well in a wide
variety of climates.
 usually have a docile
temperament.
 Their quiet nature, friendly
behavior and docile temperament
are good for the young people and
for the new pig farmers.

32. MALE FEMALE

33. Large Black
• Origin – East Anglia.
• developed primarily from Chinese breeds
brought into England in the late 1800's.
• After 1900, the Large Black became
well-known outside of its native region
and spread throughout Great Britian.
• Characteristics
large, just slightly smaller than
Yorkshires, and always black.
They have long heads and straight
faces, with lop ears.
have a good depth of body, fair length,
and strong backs.
The hair is fine and rather thick with
the black pigmentation being quite
heavy.
 heavy drooped ear.
 the ears are so large they cover much of
the face and seem to obstruct the view
from the eyes.
 known for its very docile nature, and some
have suggested that its obstructed vision
contributes to its unaggressive
temperament.
 Whatever the cause, they seem to move
more slowly and deliberately than other
breeds.
 have high levels of hardiness and
thriftiness, with light shoulders, and good
sides and hams.
 the mothering ability and litter size are
good, the breed does not seem to be as
early maturing as most other breeds. The
heavy black pigmentation of the skin is a
characteristic not favored by processors.

34. MALE FEMALE

35. Chinese Taihu pigs
• Origin – from the narrow region
of mild sub-tropical climate
around the Lake Tai region in the
lower Yangtze River Valley of
China.
• Characteristics
large one, black in colour with a
heavily wrinkled face. It has a
large head with a broad forehead
and large folded ears.
 have a high rate of
reproduction with litter sizes
ranging up to twenty, but
averaging fourteen live piglets.
This characteristic, as well as
their resistance to disease, has
resulted in interest in the pigs for
research into breeding and
genetic engineering.
 Taihu pigs have been established
in France, Albania, Hungary,
Japan, the UK and the US.

36. Chinese Taihu pigs
•Funjiang
•Meishan
•Janxiang black
•Erhualian

37. Fengjing
• Origin – breed of domestic pig from
Shanghai, China.
• The main areas of this breed are
located in Songjiang, Jinshan and
Wujiang’s areas.
• It was named after the Shanghai
town of Fengjing.
• Characteristics
are modest-sized animals.
They are black in color.
They are distinguished by their
face and in addition, they have a
body.
is an animal. It has a rather
high rate of breeding.
The sows are able to produce
two litters per year at parity with
about 12 piglets and rising to
about 17 piglets at a third party.
Occasionally big litter size of
around 20 piglets happens.
The meat of the Fengjing pig is
obviously, succulent flavor that is
very good, but the breed normally
grows slowly.

38. MALE FEMALE

39. Meishan
• Origin – breed of domestic pig
named for the Meishan,[1][page
needed] Jiangsu Province, China
• Characteristics
It is a sub-group of the Taihu
pig and is a small to medium-
sized (275-400 lbs) breed with
large drooping ears, and wrinkled
black skin.
are extremely docile and
renowned for their tender and
flavorful red meat pork.
best known for its large litters
of 15-22 piglets.
Due to its fecundity, it was
imported to the United States in
1989 by the USDA Agricultural
Research Service.

41. Jiaxing black
• Origin – strain is mainly
found in the districts of
Jiaxing City in Zhejiang
Province.

42. Erhualan
• Origin –
• Characteristics
Erhualian pigs have large and
fully floppy ears

44. Upgrades
• Upgrading native pigs bred with foreign breeds.
• Diani – upgrade of native pigs (Batangas) with Berkshire
 Berkshire x Poland China x Philippine native (Batangas).
• Kaman – upgrade of native pig (Batangas) with Duroc
 Duroc x Philippine native (Batangas)
• Berkjala – 5/8 Berkshire and 3/8 Jalajala pig (Rizal)
 Berkshire x Philippine native (Jalajala)
 Mature weight: 170kg (Villegas, 1965)
• Miracle Pig – ½ Large White ¼ Landrace ¼ Native
• Libtong
 Hampshire x Philippine native (Ilocos Sur)

45. Hybrid pigs or synthetic breeds
• Do not have distinguishing physical characteristics which
differentiate them from other group of pigs.
• Most of them are white with good muscle development.
• Examples are: Babcook, Camborough, Cotswoid, Hypo,
Seghers, Minnesota No.1, Nieuw Dalland

46. REFERENCES:
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_warty_pig
• https://www.apnikheti.com/en/pn/livestock/pig/landrace
• https://www.indiamart.com/proddetail/large-white-
yorkshire-pig-12347641373.html
• https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/725149977471908586/
• https://genetic.by/en/duroc
• https://www.britishpigs.org.uk/duroc
• https://www.thepigsite.com/focus/advertiser/3665/the-
different-breeds-of-swine-pietrain-pietrain-pig-breed-pietrain-
gilts-sows-and-boars
• https://britishpigs.org.uk/pietrain
• https://geomedia.top/pietro-breed-pigs/

47. REFERENCES:
• https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/552394710525130164/
• https://swinegenetics.com/boar-info.php?Id=1272
• https://www.nepork.org/breeds-of-swine-berkshire/
• http://pigs.co.nz/berkshire/berkshire-standard/
• https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/613756255439525567/
• https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fww
w.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3D-
CPXBQlyRwQ&psig=AOvVaw3XO9OI0UUlABEPC9LVX_Q7&u
st=1606636265934000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CA0Qj
hxqFwoTCIjf3d3gpO0CFQAAAAAdAAAAABAJ
• https://www.dreamstime.com/photos-images/spotted-
pig.html

48. REFERENCES:
• https://www.pork.org/facts/pig-farming/major-swine-
breeds/#:~:text=Spotted,of%20gain%20and%20carcass%20quality.
• https://www.gramat-parc-animalier.com/en/park-and-its-
animals/mammals/limousin-pig
• https://www.tasteatlas.com/most-popular-food-products-in-limousin
• https://www.breedslist.com/chester-white-pig.htm
• https://www.roysfarm.com/hereford-pig/
• https://www.thepigsite.com/focus/advertiser/3666/the-different-
breeds-of-swine-tamworth-tamworth-pig-breed-tamworth-gilts-sows-
and-boars
• https://www.tamworthswine.org/tamworth-history/

49. REFERENCES:
• http://afs.okstate.edu/breeds/swine/largeblac
k/index.html/
•https://spoiltpups.com/fengjing-pig/
•Green Empire Licensure Examination Reviewer
for Agriculturist