This is a ready made power point presentation for paraphrasing.

2. Paraphrasing
How to put a passage in your own words
without changing the meaning
How to find the main idea of the text in
order to paraphrase it.

3. Paraphrasing
-means putting what you have read into your own words.
-You paraphrase by reading something, thinking about what it means, and then
restating it in your own words.
-is a useful strategy to check to be sure that you have understood when reading
something difficult or something that is important to remember.
-If you cannot paraphrase after reading, it is important to go back and reread to
clarify information.

4. What is Paraphrasing?
Basically, paraphrasing is condensing, in your own
words, the gist of what the writer says. It is
important to preserve the writer's point of view,
but to present it in your own words and style.

5. What is Paraphrasing?
PARAPHRASING is used to:
 rewrite the text in your own
words
 clarify meaning
 avoid PLAGIARISM.

6. When do you Paraphrase?
When you simply wish to restate someone else's
idea in your own words.
When you wish to translate difficult, involved
language into simple, easy language.
When you wish to summarize the main idea of a
selection, leaving out the illustrative details and
examples that the writer furnishes.

7. Paraphrasing is NOT?
Changing a couple of words.
Deleting a couple of words or
phrases.
Rearranging the order of the
words.

8. How to Paraphrase?
Read the passage carefully.
Identify the main ideas of the passage.
Identify important words or phrases.
Put the main points in your own
words.

9. Points to Remember in Paraphrasing?
 Always use your own words and your own sentence
structure.
 Write in a style that is natural to you.
 Do not change the essential nature of what the writer
is saying - it is the writer's point of view that you are
writing about.
 Although you need not put quotation marks around a
paraphrased passage, you must give a citation in the
appropriate form.

10. Original Passage
"The criminal appeared to be of enormous
girth. Indeed, he encountered such difficulty in
maneuvering his massive frame through the
front door of my apartment that I was enabled
to telephone the local police before he had
actually set foot in my humble residence!"

11. PARAPHRASED Passage
The criminal was so overweight that he
couldn't even squeeze through my front door!
Before he even got into my apartment, I had
time to call the police.

12. INDIVIDUAL
ACTIVITY

13. 1. 25% of adolescents who have one baby have a second
baby within two years of the first baby's birth.
ANALYSIS

14. 1. 25% of adolescents who have one baby have a second
baby within two years of the first baby's birth.
a. 25% of babies are born to mothers who are adolescents.
b. One out of four adolescent mothers has another two babies before the first
baby reaches his second birthday.
c. A quarter of adolescent mothers gives birth when their first born is two.
d. 25% of adolescent mothers become pregnant again when their first babies are
two years old.

15. 2. It has been reported that the richest one percent
of Americans own 40% of the country's wealth.
a. The richest 1% are 40 times as wealthy as the rest
of Americans.
b. If the gap between rich and poor continues to grow
at the current rate, the richest one percent will
soon own 40% of the country's wealth.
c. 40% of the country's wealth is in the hands of only
1% of Americans.
d. 99% of Americans own 40% as much as the richest 1%.

16. 3. The judge was relieved when the jury was finally
ready to announce its verdict.
a. When the jury announced its verdict, the judge was
relieved.
b. The judge asked the jury to arrive at a verdict.
c. The judge welcomed the prospect of an imminent
verdict.
d. The jury welcomed the judge's relief.

17. 4. Research data suggest that girls who witnessed maternal abuse
may tolerate abuse as adults more than girls who did not.
a. Women who witnessed the abuse of their mother as teens are more likely to
become abusive adults.
b. Women who observed the abuse of their mothers when they were young are
more likely to endure
abuse themselves.
c. Women who were abused as children are more likely to abuse their own
children.
d. Girls who testify about maternal abuse tolerate abuse as adults more readily.

18. 5. Martha thinks that the issue of adolescent
problems is important to write about.
a. Martha thinks that adolescents like to write about their
problems.
b. Martha feels that writing about adolescent problems is
worthwhile.
c. Martha believes that the dream of most adolescents is to write
something important.
d. Martha thinks that adolescents can write about their problems.

19. 6:
Original Passage:
They have become part of our imaginations' landscape:
the crusty Grinch who stole Christmas, gentle Horton the
elephant, the Cat in the Hat, and the persistent Sam-I-Am
with his green eggs and ham. All these and many more are
the creations of Theodor Seuss Geisel, better known to
generations of readers as Dr. Seuss. Since publishing his
first children's book over fifty years ago, Geisel became
perhaps the most successful writer in the whole field of
children's literature.

20. Which of the following is paraphrased?
a. Theodor Geissel, known by everyone as Dr. Seuss, has been
publishing children’s books for over half a century. Because of
characters Horton and Sam I Am, Dr. Seuss is the
quintessential author in American children’ s literature.
b. They have become part of our imaginations: the crusty Grinch
who stole Christmas, gentle Horton the elephant, the Cat in the
Hat, and the persistent Sam-I-Am. All these and many more are
the creations of Theodor Seuss Geisel, better known as Dr.
Seuss. Since writing his first children's book over fifty years ago,
Geisel became perhaps the best writer in the whole field of

21. 7:
The adventuresome Cat in the Hat runs amok
while Mother is away, leaving a horrible mess
for the two astonished children who are so well
behaved. The remarkable qualities of the story
are its rhyme--done with only 223 words--and
its quirky illustrations that are as silly as the
tale itself.

22. Which of the following is paraphrased?
a. The Cat in the Hat has many qualities that appeal to children. Using
only 223 words and a catchy rhyme scheme, Dr. Seuss wrote the story
of the naughty Cat in the Hat who gets himself into trouble. Children
enjoy the adventurous story, and they can also learn to read because of
the rhyming words.
b. The crazy Cat in the Hat runs wild while Mother is away, leaving a mess
for the two surprised children who are so well behaved. The remarkable
qualities of the story are its rhyme--done with only 223 words--and its
illustrations that are as silly as the tale itself.

23. Assignment number 1.
The enormous, pungent, and extremely well
marketed Maine Lobster Festival is held every late
July in the state’s midcoast region, meaning the
western side of Penobscot Bay, the nerve stem of
Maine’s lobster industry. What’s called the midcoast
runs from Owl’s Head and Thomaston in the south
to Belfast in the north.

24. Paraphrasing Practice 2
Tourism and lobster are the midcoast
region’s two main industries, and they’re
both warm-weather enterprises, and the
Maine Lobster Festival represents less an
intersection of the industries than a
deliberate collision, joyful and lucrative and

25. Techniques in Paraphrasing
1. Change a word from one part of speech to another.
2. Use Synonyms
3. Change numbers and percentages to different forms.
4. Change word order: this might include changing from active to passive
voice or moving modifiers to different positions.
5. Use different definition structures.
6. Use different attribution signals.
7. Change the sentence structure and use different connecting words.

26. 1. Change a word from one part of
speech to another.
Original Sentence: Medical professor John Swanson
says that global changes are influencing the spread
of disease.
Paraphrased Sentence: According to John Swanson,
a professor of medicine, changes across the globe
are causing diseases to spread (James, 2004).

27. 2. Use synonyms
Original Sentence: The U.S. government declared that the AIDS crisis
poses a national security threat. The announcement followed an
intelligence report that found high rates of HIV infection could lead to
widespread political destabilization.
Paraphrased Sentence: The government of the United States announced
that AIDS could harm the nation's security. The government warned the
population after an important governmental study concluded that political
problems could result from large numbers of people infected with HIV
(Snell, 2005).

28. 3. Change numbers and percentages to
different forms
Original Sentence: Minority groups in the United States have been hit
hardest by the epidemic. African Americans, who make up 13 percent of
the U.S. population, accounted for 46 percent of the AIDS cases diagnosed
in 1998.
Paraphrased Sentence: The AIDS epidemic has mostly affected minorities
in the United States. For example, in 1998, less than 15 percent of the total
population was African, but almost half of the people diagnosed with AIDS
in the United States that year were African America (Jenson, 2000).

29. 4. Change word order: this might include changing from
active to passive voice or moving modifiers to different
positions.
Original Sentence : Angier (2001) reported that malaria
kills more than one million people annually, the
overwhelming majority of them children in sub-Saharan
Africa.
Paraphrased Sentence: Every year, more than a million
people are killed by malaria, and most of the victims are
children who live in sub-Saharan Africa (Angier, 2001).

30. 5. Use different definition structures
Original Sentence: Lyme disease is an inflammatory disease caused by a
bacterium transmitted by ticks (small bloodsucking arachnids that attach
themselves to larger animals). The disease is usually characterized by a
rash followed by flu-like symptoms, including fever, joint pain, and
headache.
Paraphrased Sentence: Lyme disease-a disease that causes swelling and
redness-is caused by a bacterium carried by a small arachnid known as a
tick. The ticks attach to and suck the blood of animals and humans,
transferring some of the Lyme disease bacteria into their hosts and causing
symptoms similar to the flu (Wald, 2005).

31. 6. Use different attribution signals
Original Sentence: “That’s because there are so many
different ways the diseases could have arrived,”
veterinarian Mark Walters declared in his recent book, Six
Modern Plagues.
Paraphrased Sentence: According to Mark Walters, a
veterinarian who wrote Six Modern Plagues, the disease
could have arrived in numerous ways (Peterson, 2004).

32. 7. Change the sentence structure and use
different connecting words
Original Sentence: Although only about one-tenth of the
world’s population lives there, sub-Saharan Africa remains the
hardest hit region, accounting for 72 percent of the people
infected with HIV during 2000.
Paraphrased Sentence: Approximately 10 percent of the world’s
population resides in sub-Saharan Africa. However, this area of
the world has the highest percentage of AIDS-related illnesses.
In fact, in 2000, almost three-fourths of the population had the
HIV virus (Bunting, 2004).

33. TRUE OR FALSE
1. A summary is best copied from parts of the original so that it is sure to
be accurate.
2. In summarizing or paraphrasing, when using the technical terms in the
original material, quotation marks need not to be used.
3. When you use your own words in summarizing or paraphrasing, it is not
necessarily to identify the material that you’re working on.
4. Paraphrasing is the same as interpretation.
5. A summary should include the examples, if any, cited in the material.

34. Paraphrasing Vs. Summarizing
SIMILARITIES DIFFERENCES
 WRITING TOOLS
 USE THE IDEAS OF OTHERS
 PROVIDE SUPPORT
Summarizing
 Re-writing another writer’s words
or ideas without changing the
meaning
 Length stay the same.
Paraphrasing
 Rewriting only the main idea in
your own words.
 Length is always shorter.