Analysis Of Netflix

Analysis Of Netflix
LONDON, xxxx xxth, 2017 – Cinesite Studios has announced the delivery of more than 150 VFX
shots for the Netflix Originals' ' sci–fi film, MUTE, which reunited reunites the studio with British
director Duncan Jones. Working alongside Twickenham–based studio, The Senate, a dedicated team
of over 50 artists delivered the seamless invisible VFX in just 12 weeks.
Cinesite Studios had has a good relationshipworked previously with Duncan Jones and producer
Stuart Feinnegan having worked with them both previously on the sci–fi cult classic MOON in
2009.
The latest highly–anticipated project comes from a story Jones created twelve years ago. Produced
by Liberty Films, MUTE follows Leo (Alexander Skarsgård), a mute man searching for his missing
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The foreground of the original live action was shot against greenscreen. Cinesite created the
background using a combination of 2.5D projections populated with CG stalls along with crowd and
smoke elements supplied by the production.
Eagle–eyed aficionados of Jones's films may notice a brief appearance by Gerty in the background
of another sequence, a nod to Cinesite's previous work on MOON.
In addition to adding interactive monitors to the interior of a large indoor swimming pool, Cinesite's
environment work included interior shots of a library, a coffee shop and 'Hackers Hall', a seedy
indoor market with line upon line of dark market stall type booths filled with screens, hackers, geeks
and dodgy technology–based activities. Futuristic matte paintings imagining some of Berlin's best–
known buildings as they would appear 34 years from now were also crafted along with blood shots
and various weapons to support the film's violent and gritty fight sequences.
Like all the digital environments, Hackers Hall entailed a range of "invisible effects". The original
shot had a few market stalls in the foreground shot against a giant green screen. Cinesite's team
created models using the foreground as a reference and then created 2.5D projections using other
plates to texture the stalls from all angles; the CG stalls were then replicated to populate the
background. The addition of
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Essay about Applied Reserach Course Project
Applied Research Course Project
Radames Ramirez
RRamirez14@my.keller.edu
MIS589 – Networking Concepts and Applications
Instructor: Lynn Risley
3/10/2016
MIS589 Project Milestone 0Proposal Draft | Cloud infrastructure ServicesKaiser Permanente
Hospitals | Prepared by: Radames RamirezDate: 03/03/2016 | Approved by: | 1. Description of the
service–summary In an attempt to provide end users with a well maintained network storage that
would be easily accessible from any location while maintaining a secured connection. To provide an
environment to minimize the use and maintenance of local servers, server space, connectivity, and
redundancy. | 2. Intended clients or customers The intended client or customer would be the end ...
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Kaiser Permanente currently has 40+ servers in a small service area that cover 10 different facilities.
Our goal is to take advantage of cloud services and relocate the data from all 40+ servers to avoid
maintenance cost and better utilize server storage space. | MIS589 Project Milestone 1Proposal |
Cloud infrastructure ServicesKaiser Permanente Hospitals | Prepared by: Radames RamirezDate:
3/10/2016 | Approved by: | 1. Description of the service–summary The service that we are going to
research and try to incorporate into the organization is cloud infrastructure as a service. We are
planning to provide the end user with a well maintained network storage that would be easily
accessible from any location while maintaining a secured connection and redundancy of the client
data. With the changes in technology and advancements in cloud services, we should be able to save
some money for the organization by going to cloud infrastructure services and limiting the
maintenance and hardware cost of housing our own servers.We currently house 44+ servers in our
service area, most of the servers are being used to less than 30% of capacity while others are
reaching a peak 80–90% capacity. The servers house the client's p: drive (personal data) as well as

Different Visual Illustrations in Perception Essay
Different Visual Illustrations in Perception How can visual illusions illustrate top down processes in
perception? Contrast this with a visual illusion that can be explained through bottom up processes.
Text Box:
Figure 1 Muller Lyer illusion
There are many suggestions to explain how visual illusions can be perceived. These suggestions
include physical illusions, bottom up illusions and top down illusions. An example of a physical
illusion is ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In this illusion the lines in both A and B are the same length however the arrows pointing inwards in
A make the line appear longer than when the arrows point outwards as in B. Gregory explained this
illusion in 1970 by suggesting that the lines are perceived as being three dimensional rather than
two–dimensional. This is shown in figure 2 where A is shown as the inside of the room and B shown
as the outside. By perceiving the objects in this way A becomes further away than B. However given
that the lines are of the same size by applying the principle of size constancy it can be concluded
that A is perceived as being longer than B. For this to be perceived knowledge about what the
outside and inside of a building looks like must be taken into account. This therefore shows how
prior knowledge is used when the image is perceived and so shows how the Muller Lyer illusion is
perceived through top down processing.
Similarly the Â'Necker CubeÂ' illusion (figure 3) can also be explained through top down
processing. In this illusion the cube flips between two different interpretations of the picture
whereby one of the faces of the cube can appear to be at the front of the cube but also can appear to
be at the back of the cube. Work carried out by Wheatstone

How the Humble Compact Disc Works. by Michael Eiser
How the humble Compact Disc works.
By Michael Eiser
The humble compact disc has served for many generations and is evolving to store more data and
provide more uses. In this article we will discuss how a CD is written, stores data and how the data
is replayed.
To begin with a CD has been made so useful due to capability to secure large amounts of
information in such a way that it is usable for many different things. From military storage of data,
to simple home entertainment, the common CD is much more prevalent than ever.
When a CD is placed into a drive we know that it plays many different things for us upon our
computer screen. However the process is not all that simple. The original CD that has not had any
information installed yet has already been equipped with small lines on the CD itself. These lines go
along the disc and spiral away from the center, guiding a laser across a very fine area along the CD.
A depiction of the spiral is shown in figure 1.
Figure 1, spiral away from center of a disc. This thin line if stretched out would measure
approximately 8 kilometers. When the CD has had data stored upon it there are a series of bumps
and pits within these strands as seen in figure 2. Each bump and pit is the form of data stored on the
disc. The computer reads these alterations on the disc as either one or zero. Or is in the form of
Binary Code
That is the summary of how a compact disc is looks visually, but how is data stored upon it? Initially
there are

Application Of Free Space Optics
Introduction
Free Space Optics is an advance technology used to transmit data from one point to another using
light a medium. This technology has emerged in 1960's and has been advanced day by day. This has
become the advanced and mostly used because of the data rates and the bandwidths provided by this
type of communication. This is now mostly used for connecting different LANs and also used in
satellite communication. There are many wireless technologies like Bluetooth, infrared and many
others but this technology has the capability of replacing all those technologies. This FSO
communication is mostly used because of its security reasons.
Fiber optical link communication has been the best kind of transmission in this era however this
FSO communication additionally supplanted this fiber optic communication in numerous territories.
As this is a remote innovation, it has the favorable circumstances when contrasted with wired
advances. As we have an advancement of innovations like RF Wireless transmission over the
wireless transmissions, electrical sign transmission over copper and coaxial links, light transmission
over optical fiber links and now this Free Space Optics technology has advanced. This optical
system has the capacity of convey the voice, feature and information over light flags. As the
technology included in optical fiber is comparative yet in that kind of communication, optical
strands are utilized and the methodology of Total Internal Reflection (TIR) is

Beanbag Project Research Paper
Project title
Original? Why?
Was it difficult to solve? Consider access to knowledge, problems to solve, resources needed
What real life problem did it solve?
The Beanbag Project
This experiment is quite original as many people just use bean bags without even thinking about
how many beans are used inside of them. I haven't heard of any other experiments testing the same
thing, so to me I think that this experiment is unique.
This experiment doesn't seem very difficult to solve, as the main thing that you have to do is test
other people's thoughts. The resource which would be needed would be beanbags with different
amount of beans in them, which may have been difficult cost wise.
A real life problem in the world is the pollution which is in the environment. ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
This means that Sam's experiment is original as it most likely hasn't been done before where
someone has come up with a different conclusion.
This experiment may have been difficult to solve if the person conducting the experiment didn't
either have chickens at their house or have access to someone else's backyard chickens. He would
also have to take into consideration that the experiment might not be a fair test as some of the
chickens may be fed more, making their eggs bigger.
A real life problem is the weight of chicken eggs, and how some are very light and some are quite
heavy in comparison. This could also solve the problem of knowing when chickens will lay eggs
which weigh a different amount. This could also lead someone on to conduct an experiment which
shows the type of food which chickens eat to make their eggs lose less weight. It would mean that
the owners of the chickens could know when to stop eating their eggs and just enjoy them as their
pets, or could label their eggs either light or heavy.
Selecting your own

The Evolution Of Internet : Incredible Speed On A Fiber...
FRONTIER FIOS
The evolution of Internet: Incredible speed on a fiber–optic network
[SHOP FIOS PLANS]
# # #
C MODULE
Frontier Fios Internet vs. the competition
Head to head, how does fiber fare in the Internet battles?
Fios vs. Cable
Cable providers serve metro areas. The network for cable TV delivers Internet to the same homes.
It's via copper wiring, though. Fiber–optics consist of hair–thin, flexible glass fibers that deliver data
through pulses of light. Fiber technology is way more advanced.
Fios vs. DSL
Existing phone lines carry DSL Internet to consumers. It's also copper, like cable Internet. The
farther your home from the home office, the weaker your Internet signal becomes. Frontier fiber–
optic Internet comes on a direct line that delivers consistent speed. It doesn 't matter how far from
the operations center you live.
Fios vs. satellite
Satellite Internet speeds have improved. It's still no match for fiber optics. Frontier Fios delivers
reliable speed. It does so during peak and off–peak hours. You can 't say the same for Satellite
Internet. It's often the only option besides dial–up for rural America. With fiber–optic Internet,
stream movies, play online games, and video conference without buffering. The speed is fast and
consistent.
# # #
D MODULE
What's the difference of Frontier Fios Internet?
Download faster
Movies and music download in a snap. Surf the web for sources for a midterm paper, or for hotels
and restaurants for a getaway. Email documents, upload

The Earliest Microscopes and Pond Ecology Essay
The earliest microscope magnified the object ten times the actual size. They were made up of a tube
with a plate for the object at one end and, at the other, a lens which magnified the object. In 1609,
Galileo worked with the lenses and made more advanced instrument with a focusing device. Anton
van Leeuwenhoek taught himself methods of polishing tiny lenses of extreme curvature which gave
best magnification of that time up to 270 diameters. This led to the building of his microscopes and
his discoveries. He was also the first to see and explain yeast plants, bacteria, life in a drop of water,
and the circulation of blood corpuscles in capillaries. In his life, he used his microscope to make lots
of discover on living and nonliving ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Fine adjustment knob is mainly used to bring slide in focus on high power and coarse is used move
stage up and down. The revolving nose piece holds two or more objective lenses with different
objective power. Many microscopes have Diaphragm or Iris control the intensity and size of light.
All these parts in microscope help observe the specimen. Pond Ecology is the interaction of life in
pond with environment. Pond have low oxygen levels, little animal life, and lack of food supply. A
pond contains mostly water, few nutrients, and less aquatic life. Organisms live, grow, and die in the
pond. The remains decay in pond and are released back to keep the cycle going. The aquatic
organism take four organism carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorus to be made. In winter, the
organism in pond are amphibians meaning their body temperature falls as the water temperature
drops decreasing the organism respiration rate and energy needed. Pond organism such as turtles and
frog bury themselves in mud at bottom of sea and hibernate. To conclude, pond have a life cycle
they go through (intext cite) Rotifers are microscopic aquatic animals of the phylum Rotifera. They
live in pond water and in moist soil. They can also be found in lake bottoms, mosses and lichens
growing on tree trunks and rocks. They are not visible by naked eye and have mostly soft bodies.
Only hard parts they have are jaws that can be preserved in fossil record. Rotifers are multi –cellular

Theoretical Calculation And Results Analysis Essay
3.2 Theoretical calculation and results analysis
Firstly, we established a trench–assisted optical fiber model to verify the ability of the trench
structure to reduce the bending loss. The specific parameters of the model are listed below: the
radius of fiber a is 4.1μm, the thickness of inner clad b is 4.13μm, the trench width c is 11.3μm, the
difference of trench refractive index ∆n_trench is –0.0048, the refractive index of fiber core nco is
1.45, the refractive index of clad ncl is 1.445, the curvature radius of fiber is 5cm, the wavelength is
1550nm.
Putting above values in the given formula: α_macro=10/ln⁡
10 ((πV^8)/(16ρR_c W^3 ))^(1/2) exp⁡
(–
(4R_c ∆W^3)/(3ρV^2 )) [∫_0^∞▒〖(1–f) F_0 RDR〗]^2/(∫_0^∞▒〖F_0^2 RdR〗 )
Where
V=k_0 ρ√(n_max^2–n_min^2 ),
W=ρ√(β^2–(k_0 n_min )^2 ),
∆=(n_max^2–n_min^2)/(2n_co^2 ), f=(n(r)^2–n_min^2)/(n_max^2–n_min^2 )
The results of calculation are showed below:
Bending loss of the fiber α=0.0092dB/loop, the equivalent step index fiber cladding refractive index
n_e=1.4444, bending loss of it α_e=0.0829dB/loop.
This example shows that in the same transmission condition, the auxiliary trench structure can
greatly reduce the bending loss of the optical fiber. After calculating bend loss optical fiber trench
assisted by an equivalent step fiber method, we will discuss the impact of parameters of each trench
structure on the optical fiber transmission performance in detail.
The model we studied has been showed in figure 14, and the default

Gender And Optical Illusions
Introduction Paragraph
In my science fair project I tested whether gender matter in the way people see optical illusions. I
tested this because it sounded fascinating, and also interesting. Optical Illusions now in day, it's used
in many ways. They can be used as a way to trick people, to learn about sensory perception, and to
learn about how the brain perceives lighter values and dark values.
Research Summary
Optical illusions fool our brains by taking shortcuts, because the brain can't take everything at once.
Our brain is able to perceive lighter values more quickly than dark values. Our sense of light and
dark becomes unreliable during this.
Cognitive Illusions have four different categories of illusions which are Distorting, ambiguous, ...
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Other people were not at school because they were sick, which caused me to find other people to do
it instead of the ones I had planned to do it with. Also, sometimes the place I was going to use had
people in it, which caused me to look for another place and sometimes to postpone. And I learned
that putting 5 people in a room is not the best way to do the optical illusions, because some people
talk to each other even though they are not allowed to. If I did this experiment again, I would fix
every single difficulty I had in this

Vhs, Dvd, And Television
Composition II
Jastaa Stubbs
12/09/16
DVD 's During the years we have seen so much progress with technology, we have seen
advancements in the media aspect (VHS, DVD 's, and television), cell phones and the internet. But
the one I find that isn 't as recognized as most in my opinion would be DVD 's. DVD 's have
expanded so much since their release in 1996, they have become more detailed, high def, and
affordable compared to other technology costs. During this research I will try and help you learn the
history of the DVD, the knowledge of how DVD 's were created, and the different types of DVD 's
there are. When it comes to DVD 's how many of us actually no the process of them being made or
when they were actually produced? Not many, we know that they have been around for years and
have progressed in different types of DVD 's such as blu rays. But "in the early 90 's two high
destiny optical storage standards were being developed: one was the multimedia compact disk
(MMCD) backed by Phillips and Sony, and the other was the super density disk (SD), supported by
Toshiba, Time–Warner, Matsushita Electric, Hitachi, Mitsubishi Electric, Pioneer, Thomson, and
JVC." ("History") Lou gerstner was acting as a matchmaker which led to uniting the two camps
behind a single standard. This resulted in a repeat of the cost format war between VHS and Betamax
in the 1980 's! While Phillips and Sony have their own ideas, the abandoned the MMCD format and
went with Toshiba 's SD format which

Medicinal Fields And Its Application Territories
Introduction
The words biophotonics is a mix of science and photonics. As the expression demonstrates the
science and innovation utilization and recognition of photons (a quantum of electromagnetic
radiation or rudimentary molecule that is its own antiparticle), and lights quantum units. Photonics is
essentially interrelated with gadgets it mean is the limb of physical science that arrangements with
the discharge and impacts of electrons and with the utilization of electronic gadgets.
Biophotonics has turned into the extraordinary expansive term for all methods interrelated with
natural things and photons. Biophotonics alludes to discovery, reflection, emission alteration,
absorbtion, and formation of radiation from cells, organic entities, biomolecular, tissues and,
biomaterials. In this tittle, we will look focused around medicinal fields and its application
territories.
Application areas
Breast cancer detecting
Before this to recognize disease, we utilize x–beam, mammography, ultrasonography and attractive
reverberation imaging (MRI). Yet, the last results are not exact or at some point uncorrelated well
with last pathologic result. At that point, from looking into it discovered great approach to identify
growth by utilizing optical imaging. Utilitarian imaging with tomographic close infrared diffuse
optical spectroscopy (DOS) can quantitatively measure tissue parameters, for example, the
convergance of deoxy–hemoglobin (Hb), oxyhemoglobin(hbo2), percent water

E-Sonic Executive Summary
E–Sonic Strategic Analysis Student: Joseph Napiorkowski Mentor: Dr. Wang September 7, 2016
Strategic Analysis E–Sonic Executive Summary Sonic Records is a producer/ distributor of music
and is going to develop and back E–Sonic as a subsidiary company for online music sales. E–Sonic
is mainly operating under the categories of distribution, software, prerecorded audio distribution.
This operating practices will be used to develop an online digital music store that will share the
market with other large distributors in digital music. Using product differentiation methods, E–Sonic
will find great growth through live music, radio, entertainment, news, free music with ad space, and
subscription based services. This, through market analysis, will show great growth opportunities
with the over 3% increase over all growth in digital music/media and 45% of total sales in the digital
realm. Sonic Records is a leader in the music business and has many years' experience. Though
there is plenty of competition in the market place, there is plenty of space for E–sonic to be
introduced. Declining demands for CD's leaves Sonic records in the line for change with the ever
evolving technological changes in the market. Though an ever evolving online store is a great
advance for the company, having knowledgeable management or outsourced help is a must.
Knowing how to adapt to not just local markets but global markets must be brought into
accountability. This must be met with

Starwood Hotel and Resorts Call Center Networking
Starwood Hotel and Resorts Call Center Networking Starwood Hotels and resorts is one of the
world's largest hotel and leisure companies. The company owns thousands of Hotels and Resorts as
well as seven call centers in which help keep everything running smoothly for the company. Of
course this means there is an expansive network working to keep all this information flowing from
every hotel and call center. This paper will focus on the network of the call center in Lancaster,
California in which I used to work at as a customer service representative. First the paper will give
an overview of the company. Then, a depiction of the network that is being used by the call center
will be explained.
The Lancaster call center consisted of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The IVR technology used for the call centers specific needs is called Telephony Infrastructure as
stated by the Voxeo (2009) website "Telephone lines for IVR can be standard analog lines, digital
T1, or digital ISDN lines. These lines are connected on one side to the IVR platform and, on the
other, to call switching equipment including Telco switches, Voice over IP gateways, and corporate
PBX 's; or in some cases, directly to call centers via an ACD." I recall one day when none of the
computers were working we had to write everything down manually then input the information in as
soon as the network was live once again. This is how I narrowed down which kind of topology that
the Lancaster call center was using. The wiring of the call center is most likely wired with Fiber
Optic cables. This is mainly due to the fact that the call center is located in a downtown area
surrounded by many electrical devices that could cause interference with their network. The
bandwidth is extremely high with heavy use of the network throughout the building so fiber optic
cabling would be needed in order to provide the call center with exactly what is needed to maintain
communication.
In conclusion, this paper has given an overview of the network for Starwood Hotels and Resorts
network at their Lancaster, CA location. First, an explanation of the network provided for the
training station was given. Then a depiction of the live network in which

Al Seckel Visual Illusions
Al Seckel, a cognitive neuroscientist, explores the idea that a violation in our visual perception can
cause us to feel a sense of joy during a TedTalk presentation in Monterey, California on February 26,
2004. He elaborates on this idea by presenting the audience with various examples of visual
illusions concerning a violation in depth, colour, shape, size, and etc. The lecture is packed with
various types of visual illusions ranging from old to new, from artists such as Leonardo Da Vinci to
Arthur Ganson and he even included several examples of the visual illusions he has created. His
hypothesis regarding the delight in visual illusions is correct, as throughout the lecture, when
presented with new visual illusions the audience is entertained and joyful.
Textual Connections
Several connections can be drawn between the topics and types of visual illusions covered in the
textbook and the types of visual illusion shown by Al Seckel in the TedTalk lecture. One of the
connections I was able to draw from reading the chapter in the textbook regarding visual illusions
and watching the TedTalk lecture was the violation of size, accomplished by using a converging
line. The textbook shows the Ponzo Illusion, where the line closer to the converging line is
perceived as being much larger than the line farther away from the converging line (Cramer et al.,
2017). Al Seckel shows an image he has created using the Ponzo Illusion, called Pick on Someone
Your Own Size (Seckel, 2007). In

Research Paper On Juicer
Breville BJE510XL Juice fountain Breville JE98XL Juice Fountain plus Breville BJE820XL Juice
Fountain Duo The average Human body needs to consume at least 5 to 9 servings of fruits to fulfill
that nutritional benchmark for a healthy living and not everyone can meet the mark or digest fruits
and vegetables properly. Juicing makes it easy to digest and experience the full taste of fruits with
the benefit of enzymes and vitamins. It aids in reducing cravings for food as it fills the body with
calories and saves the time and effort needed to chow down that huge serving of fruits.
Not every Juicer in the market can guarantee that maximum satisfaction. We all have specific
preferences when it comes to choosing a Juicer. Above all, these criteria and considerations have
always topped the list of juice lovers: the cost in relation to your budget, how easy to clean, the
speed, the design and user–friendliness. The Breville brand has continually stayed at the top of
juicer's preferences for fulfilling all these criteria. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Breville Juicers being reviewed is ideal for juicers who crave a brand known for producing
durable and efficient Juicers that can handle the workload with no hassle to give the rich taste of
juice extracted in seconds.
After series of testings and research for Juicers that fulfill these criteria; cost, speed and durability,
we assessed the brands and decided to settle on Breville that has consistently released top products.
In our quest for such Juicers, we considered over ten Breville products and we arrived at these top

High Index Lenses Research
High–index lenses are made from a substance that refracts more light than traditional lenses. This
makes the lenses thinner and lighter.
The index of a lens is its ability to bend light efficiently. The higher the index, the less lens material
is required to bend the same amount of light. So if you have a higher index, you can have a thinner
lens.
How do High–Index Lenses Differ from Regular Lenses?
High index lenses are made of a material that is capable of bending light to a stronger degree than
indexes with a lower rating. Because of their ability to bend light more efficiently, high–index lenses
have thinner edges than lenses with the same prescription power that are made of conventional
plastic material. Thinner edges require less lens

What Are The Advantages And Disadvantages Of Lifi
Li–Finally: a consortium of optics and networking
Paul Prince.R
B.E.Electronics and Communication
Loyola–ICAM College of Engineering and Technology
Chennai, India paulprince_r@live.com Monisha.R
B.E.Electronics and Communication Loyola–ICAM College of Engineering and Technology
Chennai, India monis1794@yahoo.co.in Abstract–As of 31st December 2013, according to 'Internet
world stats' there are 2,802,478,934 internet users globally, and this number is ever growing. Even
though the number of users keep increasing, the RF (Radio Frequency) bandwidth is scarce resulting
in a progressive decrease in the data rate. On the other hand, visible light spectrum is much wider
(~10,000 times) opening the door to a higher data rate. Taking this ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
FTTB (Fiber to the building) or FTTH (Fiber to the house) can be employed to ensure very high
data rate without any bottleneck.
In the existing li–fi systems, data transmission is via white light and in uncontrolled environment.
This results in higher attenuation and scattering loss limiting the range of transmission.
The existing setup make use of the full spectrum of the visible light for data transmission. But the
components having shorter wavelength undergo scattering easily. Hence we also propose a system
wherein only the spectrum having longer wavelength are used for data transmission in addition to
the generally used white light for ambiance.
Propagation of light through an optical fiber is based on the principle of total internal reflection. Due
to rough and irregular surfaces both at the physical and molecular level, light rays are scattered in
different directions.
Standard single mode fibers used in telecommunication have a loss of 0.17db/km at 1550 nm due to
scattering of light

Optical Illusions Research Paper
Illusions can be early illusions, twentieth century illusions, twenty–first century illusions, and new
illusions. Optical illusions started out in ancient Greece. John R. Opel made one of the earliest
optical illusion in 1854. Many optical illusions have been found in cave paintings. An optical
illusion is not appraised as an invention, but instead the result of a man mimicking the geometric
form seen in nature. First, our eyes skim, then our brains tend to jump to conclusions. The impact on
seeing something starts with light rays bouncing off an object. These rays enter the eyes through the
cornea. The cornea is a transparent layer forming the front of the eye. The cornea refracts the light
rays as they go through dark part of the eye, called the pupil. The iris(a flat, colored, ring–shaped
membrane behind the cornea of the eye, with an adjustable circular opening(pupil) in the center)
contracts or expands to change the amount of light that goes through.Then, the light rays go through
the lens of your eye, biconvex structure in the eye that, along with the cornea, helps to refract light
to be focused on the retina. Last, the cell in the retina, called cones and rods, turn the light into
electrical signals. That gets sent through the optic nerves, where the mind clarifies them. ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
There are two other types, but all trick your eyes and brain. The first type is physiological illusion.
The physiological illusions are created when your brain and eyes have too much stimulus. The
stimulus could be light, movement, or color. An example of a physiological illusion would be the
images that you see after staring at a bright light. The other type of illusion is a cognitive illusion.
They are pictures that cause an object to look distorted. For example, the spinning snakes is a type
of cognitive illusion. The snakes look like they are moving but are actually still. The shape of the
snakes make them appear to be

Memory And Memory Of Computers
Memory
Have you ever wanted to know how certain files, documents and so on are being saved and what led
this to occur? The memory of computers is quite fascinating and there is so much that goes into
saving something on a computer. There are different types of memory that is found on computers
that is needed to make things work and that would be acceptable to the user. The main two that is
quite known in the computer world would be Primary and Secondary memory. There are 2 types that
make up the Primary memory and that would be Random Access Memory (RAM) and Read only
memory (ROM). The secondary memory consists of a hard disk drive, flash drive and zip drive.
There are also optical discs that are included.
One thing that is special in terms of computers would be the Primary memory. Primary memory is
divided into 2 types. The first type would be random access memory. RAM is in charge of keeping
data in a stored area so that it can be reached by the processor when necessary. RAM does a really
good job at laying away data in such a random basis. An article from the PC World have shown that
in this generation RAM has increased tremendously; it is said that " A review of systems that the PC
World test center has grown from a little over 90 MB to about 2 GB, spiking whenever Microsoft
releases a new version of Windows" (Stafford pg. 84). RAM has 2 forms, they are Static RAM and
Dynamic RAM. Static RAM

Essay on Unit 1 Exercise 1
9/25/2014 Local Exchange NT 1310 Unit 1 Exercise 1 Guido Libreros 0 Unit 1. Exercise 1. Local
Exchange Course Objectives and Learning Outcomes In this Exercise, you will explain how data
travels long distances in a real world example. Assignment Requirements Online gaming is big
business these days, with thousands of people connected to each other every minute. Games like
Call of Duty and World of Warcraft connect massive numbers of players, sending both data and
voice communications back and forth in real–time. In a 1–2 page paper, discuss HOW the data gets
sent from a computer or gaming system to the computer/gaming system of all of the people with
whom one is playing. Specifically, focus on the local exchange interfaces – access, ... Show more
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Second, there is a physical device that connects the computer to the network of lines he is
communicating over. It could be a modem, a network card, a radio transmitter, or a router. Third,
there is a set of software that allows the computer to send data across this network. There are a lot of
layers to this software. At the top level, the computer sends some type of "packet" of data to the
device and across the network. Typically, this is a TCP/IP packet. This basically tells you what the
format of the data has to be, and what pieces of software computers need to have to send this kind of
data. Finally, at the game layer, the game determines what other computer it needs to connect to,
sends a request to the network device to establish the connection, and then sends data to the device
so it can be sent. The network layer, when it receives data on a given connection, doesn't just store
it, it sends it on to the application who has the connection. So the connection is essentially between
two applications. Focusing on the physical access; the possibility that data can be send to players
around the globe is all thanks to the infrastructure of telecom companies. Starting with the local
access, which is provided by the local telephone companies (Local Exchange Carriers). These
entities are responsible for ensuring the necessary access to the network and the reliable
transportation of the information. The Local Exchange

Optical Fiber Lab Report
Introduction
An optical fiber (or optical fiber) is a flexible, transparent fiber made by drawing glass (silica) or
plastic to a breadth somewhat thicker than that of a human hair. Optical fibers are utilized regularly
as a way to transmit light between the two closures of the fiber and find wide utilization in fiber–
optic communication, where they allow transmission over longer separations and at higher
bandwidths (information rates) than wire links. Fibers are utilized rather than metal wires in light of
the fact that signals go along them with lesser measures of loss; moreover, fibers are likewise
resistant to electromagnetic impedance, an issue which metal wires experience the ill effects of
excessively. Fibers are additionally utilized for ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
2) Immunity to electromagnetic interference
Light transmission through optical strands is unaffected by other electromagnetic radiation adjacent.
The optical fiber is electrically non–conductive, so it doesn't go act as a receiving wire to get
electromagnetic signs. Data going inside the optical fiber is invulnerable to electromagnetic
interferences, even electromagnetic pulses produced by atomic gadgets.
3) Low attenuation loss over long distance
Attenuation misfortune can be as low as 0.2 dB/km in optical fiber cables, permitting transmission
over long distances without the requirement for repeaters.
4) Electrical insulator
Optical filaments don't lead power, anticipating issues with ground circles and conduction of
lightning. Optical filaments can be hung on shafts close by high voltage force links.
5) Material cost and theft prevention
Traditional cable frameworks utilize a lot of copper. In a few places, this copper is an target for
robbery because of its worth on the scrap

Electrical Reflection
H igh–power laser diodes are addressing an increasing number of applications, which demand
higher performance in terms of output power, power conversion efficiency and beam quality, such as
additive manufacturing [1]. High output power from a single emitter can be achieved by
incorporating a large gain medium, which also helps in increasing the catastrophic optical mirror
damage (COMD) threshold. Although, laser diodes are becoming more attractive in direct
applications, nevertheless, they are almost always operated with external feedback. The optics
causing this feedback range from simple optics, for shaping/focusing the output beam, to
sophisticated optics configurations, required for wavelength stabilization [2], and phase locking [3].
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This is achieved by including spontaneous emission coupling and the spectral dependence of the
gain and refractive index. Speclase also models non–linear effects (e.g. thermal lensing, spatial hole
burning), which are common in high–brightness lasers.
The beam data produced by Speclase, in the form of near–field (NF) and far–field (FF), are
converted into ray data. These ray data are used to configure the laser as a source within Optic
Studio. Speclase propagates the optical fields between the rear and the front facet using 2D WA–
FD–BPM. At the front facet, part of the power within the modes will reflect off the facet, while the
rest will be transmitted through. The spatial superposition of transmitted powers, of all the modes,
forms the near–field of the transmitted beam. The rays are propagated through the optics using
OpticStudio®, taking reflections into account. The rays returning to the laser facet are converted
into optical fields, taking the phases of the rays into account. Then, the proportion coupled to each
vertical mode is determined, using the overlap integral. Finally, the vertical modes, containing the
coherent sum of the power coupled from the external cavity (coherently) and the internally reflected
fields, are propagated by Speclase inside the laser cavity using a Fox–Li approach. This whole
process is repeated until convergence.
II. LASER, PARAMETERS AND EXTERNAL CAVITY SETUP
For this work, we simulated a triple QW 975 nm DBR

Network Synthesis Essay
Affordable mobile communication for civilian and military applications is greatly enhanced by the
significant investments in infrastructures such as cellphone towers and repeaters. However, such
infrastructures cannot be provided for ad–hoc communication systems and the network connectivity
for such systems is greatly degraded by the adverse effects of the communication channel such as
multi–path fading, attenuation, non–line–of–sight, etc. As a result, operation at longer wavelengthes
(UHF and VHF) is preferred for ground communication between army vehicles to decrease path–
loss and bypass obstacles. Also because of the issues related to near–earth wave propagation,
vertical polarization is the preferred choice to achieve minimum path–loss. ... Show more content on
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Window embedded wire antennas have been introduced at FM frequencies for low–power or
receive–only applications. The power transmitted by the army radios at VHF and UHF frequencies
can exceed tens of watts. At these power levels, it is of crucial importance to isolate the interior of
the vehicle from the antenna radiation. In addition, this isolation eliminates the affects of the cabin
interior and passengers on the antenna input impedance and radiation pattern. Hence a transparent
ground plane will be needed behind the radiating element to reduce the radiation inside the vehicle
and at the same time increase the directivity of the antenna. A wire–mesh or a more sophisticated
band–selective ground plane can be used as the reflecting element. A meshed patch antenna on a
mesh ground plane can provide the required isolation with the cabin interior. However because of
the sub–wavelength dimensions of the armored windows at VHF and UHF frequencies a patch
antenna, if feasible, cannot provide the one octave bandwidth required by the army radios. In this
paper a monopole bow–tie antenna backed by a cavity (armored window) is proposed. Because of
the limited thickness of the window glass, the radiation element and the transparent ground plane
need to be placed very close to each other. Therefore the gain and/or the

Visual Search Case Studies
1.) Visual Search – In this activity I participated in a classic psychological experiment that uses
visual search tasks to explore fundamental process of visual perception and attention. In general I
learned that selective attention filters enable us to make more automatic decisions about the stimuli
around us, including which items to pay attention to during a visual search. Also, since your brain is
always active and sees visual sights and sensory information, your mind copes by automatically
screening or filtering incoming sensory information to let in only what is most important.
Specifically, I learned that the first set of trials I did were the feature search part of the experience
and the second set of trials were the conjunction search part of the experience. What I learned about
my self after doing this activity is that I had a quick reaction time on the first set of trials as I was
asked to find a blue circle amid orange squares and circles. But, on the second set of trials my
reaction time was not as quick as it first was. On the second set of trials, I was asked to find the blue
circle amid blue squares and orange circles. I believe my reaction time was quicker on the first set of
trials due to the fact that I was just looking for the color blue among orange squares and circles, but
on the second set of trials I was looking for a blue circle among blue squares and orange squares.
Therefore, the blue squares were distractors from the blue circle and I was forced

James T. Russell and the Invention of the Compact Disc Essay
James T. Russell and the Invention of the Compact Disc
James Russell was born in Bremerton, Washington in 1931. His first invention, at six years old, was
a remote–control battleship with a storage chamber for his lunch. In 1953, he earned his Bachelor of
Arts in physics and graduated from Reed College in Portland. Afterwards he went to work as a
Physicist in General Electric's nearby labs in Richland, Washington. There he started many
experimental instrumentation projects. He was one of the first to use a color TV screen and
keyboard with a computer. He designed and built the first electron beam welder.
When the Bettelle Memorial Institute opened its Pacific Northwest Laboratory in Richland, ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
He knew that if you could represent the binary 0 and 1 with dark and light, then a device could be
produced that is able to read sounds or any other information without wearing it out and if he could
make the binary compact enough he could store a bunch on a small piece of film.
Bettelle let him pursue his project and in 1970, after years of work, he succeeded in inventing the
first digital–to–optical recording and playback system, the CD.
A CD is a simple round piece of plastic about 4/100ths of an inch thick, and 12 centimeters in
diameter used for electronic recording, storing, and playback. Most of a CD consists of an injection–
moulded piece of clear polycarbonate plastic. During manufacturing, this plastic
is impressed with microscopic bumps arranged as a single, continuous, extremely long spiral track
of data circling from the inside of the disc to the outside. Once the clear piece of polycarbonate is
formed, a thin, reflective aluminum layer is put onto the disc, covering the bumps. Then a thin
acrylic layer is sprayed over the aluminum to protect it, and the CD label is printed onto the acrylic.
The compact disc was first used for audio storage only, but are now used to store audio, video, text,
and any other information in digital form, and are able to hold 783 megabytes in all.
The CD works, because binary information is

Essay Fiber Optics
Fiber Optics
What are Fiber Optics?
Fiber optics are thin transparent fibers of glass or plastic enclosed by a material of a lower index of
refraction and that transmit light throughout their length by internal reflections. Real fiber optic
cables are made out of very pure glass, glass so pure that if it were miles thick, light would still be
able to pass through. The fiber optic strand, although thin in diameter, is stretched to miles in length.
Therefore only the purest of glass would be efficient and useful for sending light signals. The glass
of these fiber optic cables is drawn into a very thin strand (as thin as human hair), then it is coated in
two layers of plastic. By coating the glass in plastic (this is called the ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Single Mode cable is a single strand of glass fiber, while multimode cable is made of multiple
strands of glass fibers. Each fiber in multimode cable is capable of carrying a different signal
independent from those on the other fibers in the cable bundle.
Light pulses beam into the fiber's core with an LED (light–emitting diode), or laser and these signals
are sent over miles and miles. However, the signal over time will begin to weaken. In order o
maintain the signal over great distances, there are repeater stations at about every 40 to 60 miles that
retransmit these light signalsto ensure the signal reaches its destination.
Because light is being used, large amounts of data can be sent at an extremely rapid speed(at the
speed of light). Modern day fiber systems can transmit billions of bits per second with a single laser.
This can be achieved by the the laser can turn on and off billions of times per second, which would
allow for such a high transmission rate. In addition to high rate of transmission, the newest systems
increase the number of signals that can be transmitted into each fiber by utiliizing multiple lasers
with different colors. The increased data–carrying ability and cost–savings potential that fiber optics
possesses over copper wire cable has already changed the communications and holds many
promises for the future of information technology.
Milestones in Fiber

The Pros And Cons Of The Glass Age
Humankind has gone through many ages including the Stone Age, Bronze Age, Iron Age, the
Middle ages, Machine age, and the period we are in today. Many valid arguments for what period
we are in today including the Big Data Age, Social Age, or even Information Age. However, I think
a valid argument can also be made for the Glass Age. Throughout this course we have covered many
topics while using a wide variety of equipment and technology all made possible through the
advancements of glass. From window panes absorbing UV radiation, microscope lenses or eye
glasses, to the fiberoptic cable that keeps us in an information age. Todays world would not be
possible without glass.
The first manmade glass was discovered in eastern Mesopotamia around 3500bc. Around 2000 years
later glass vessels were being created and more and more glass was being used. At this time glass
was still in its infancy and very little was known about it. However, shortly after this, glass
technology started to increase at a drastic rate as information about glass was transferred from
civilization to civilization. In the first century glass blowing was discovered which allowed for more
consistent results and was much easier to create. Around the same time mold blowing also took
affect which created consistent results and allowed for easy production of vessels. Glass blowing
flourished during the roman empire and the romans even had glass windows on some of their
important buildings. It wasn't until the

The World Theory, And This Term Basically Means
In the textbook, it mentions of a term called "Carpentered World Theory" and this term basically
means "that it is a perception about how individual's at least most American individuals see things
that are shaped in a form of a rectangle unconsciously" (Juang & Matsumoto, Chapter 5, pg. 122).
As for the lecture notes, it mentions "how our culture is used to seeing objects in a rectangle shape"
(Lecture notes). Thus is true, we see rectangle shapes all the time while driving from place to place.
For example would be the rectangle shape highway signs that we notice while driving past them.
Another example would be the signs that say do not turn right on red; these signs are in the form of
a rectangle. Lastly, is our cell–phones; our modern ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In regards to the Mueller–Lyer illusion, the textbook mentions how "Rivers stated that most English
saw the two lines more differently than any other cultural groups such as India or New Guinea"
(Juang & Matsumoto, Chapter 5, pg. 122). I decided to try an experiment with the Mueller–Lyer
Illusion. I decided to ask 3 close friends of mine that are typical Americans. All but one was fooled
by this illusion. Then, I decided to ask 3 friends of mine that are from a different culture, one of
them lives in Australia, one is Korean and one was Native American. My friend who lives in
Australia was fooled by this illusion, whereas the Korean and Native American friend of mine stated
it was the same length but the arrows were oppositely flipped. I thought this was extremely
interesting how each culture was either fooled or not fooled by this illusion. This proves to show
that cultures could in–fact view optical illusions differently because of either how they were raised
or how they see the world in a different light than others in views on how they interpret objects. In
regards to the recognition of objects within a visual scene there are uniquely clear differences
between Americans and Japanese individuals. According to the textbook, it mentions how "Masuda
and Nisbett (2001) did a research study that asked Japanese and Americans to view an animated
scene and then to recall how many objects were within that scene and how they found that there was

System Description And Justification Of A Custom Built...
System Description and Justification Our customer has requested a custom built home PC to replace
an older, outdated system. The customer has identified specific requirements that the PC must meet.
These requirements are listed in Table 1. Component selection to meet the requirements listed in
Table 1 is detailed below. All components are new, not refurbished. The individual components with
price breakout are listed in Table 2. Diagram 1 is a graphical representation of the system
motherboard connections. Diagram 2 is a graphical representation of the motherboard's Input /
Output (I/O) connections. Diagram 3 is a graphical representation of the power supply connections.
Diagram 4 is a graphical representation of the system case ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
Avoid small form factor PC cases. HTPC and Mini–Tower cases are the smallest available, starting
at approximately 11 inches in height, and most susceptible to damage. Super Tower cases are very
large at two feet or taller. They are also the most expensive option, costing $200.00 and up. Full
Towers are 20 inches or taller. However, the least expensive Full Tower is still four times as
expensive as the starting Mid Towers. Mid Towers are 16 inches or taller in height, and are the best
value for a custom–built system. The case needed to be compatible with a full–size ATX
motherboard, since ATX had the widest compatibility with the different components that were going
to be required for this build. The case also had to have two (2) external USB 2.0 ports, a minimum
of; one (1) external 5.25" drive bay to install an optical drive, one (1) external 3.5" drive bay to
install an internal card reader, and three (3) internal hard disk drive bays. The Gigabyte GZ–ZA2
Black ATX Mid Tower Computer Case was one of the most cost effective choices that met or
exceeded all of the requirements. Item 2. Minimize the effects of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome.
According to Cornell University, there is not definitive proof that ergonomic devices actually
provide a health benefit or prevent Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (Hedge, 2015). User education and
proper positioning will provide for the best ergonomic arrangement of the user's computer
workstation and mouse (Hedge, 2011).

Optic Essay
Fibre optic possibly the future of wires. Made to transfer light at impressive speeds allowing the
ever growing internet, faster. But it isn't only for the internet; it can be used as a light guide in
surgeries, wiring in aircraft for field networking.
What materials make up fibre optic cable, and why these?
Core – The inner piece of the cable with a high refractive index.
Cladding – The outer piece of the cable with a low refractive index.
Jacket – The outer protective layer usually made of polyurethane.
Buffer – It is another protective layer usually made. A tight buffer usually consists of polymer which
is coated in intimate contact with the primary coating applied during the manufacturing.
So we know the core needs a higher refractive index then the cladding but what is a refractive index
anyway? Well the refractive index of an optical medium (material which electromagnetic waves can
transmit through) is a number without association that outlines light/ radiation that spreads through
the medium. So n=c/v , n being the refractive index, c being the speed of light in the vacuum
(Space) and v is the speed of light in the material. E.g. the refractive index of olive oil is 1.47 so
light travels 1.33 times slower in olive oil then a vacuum. Light is contained inside the core by total
internal reflection; total internal reflection is when a transmitting wave hits a medium boundary at
an angle larger than the particular critical angle to the normal of the surface. This

Optical Disc and Hd Dvd
Disruptive and transformational technologies typically appeal to segments of the market that are
undeserved, and not to the main stream of the market (Shane, 2009). These technologies have the
ability to make traditional tools and processes obsolete virtually overnight. In this paper I use
Netflix as an example of a disruptive technology and Toshiba– NEC's HD–DVD as transformational
technology. I begin with a discussion of disruptive technology. Afterwards, I will speak on the
success of Netflix; explain the disruptive and shifting technology created once it sustained itself in
the market. I then provide a review of transformational technology and explain the transformational
change to HD–DVD and the failure to capture and sustain a ... Show more content on
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In August of 2002, Toshiba –NEC proposed the next–generation optical disc format HD DVD
(Williams, 2008). HD DVD (High – Definition/Density DVD) transformed the way we view digital
media in the early 2000's. It was predicted that the HD DVD would be the successor to the standard
DVD format.
As the creator of the successor to the standard DVD format, Toshiba created a paradigm shift
phasing out the standard DVD which played at 704 pixels by 480 pixels and introduced HD DVD
which plays at 1920 pixel by 1080 pixels ("The difference between," ). The HD optical disk held up
to 15GB on a single side and produced a crisp picture for in home entertainment. The HD DVD
Promotion Group was a group of manufacturers and media studios formed to exchange thoughts and
ideas to help promote the format worldwide (Rapid Response Team, 2006).
With marketing and management Toshiba convinced companies such as Paramount Pictures,
Universal Pictures, Warner Bros. Pictures, HBO and New Line Cinema to announce support for the
HD DVD format. This shift in technology, with the help of HDTV, moved in–home entertainment to
new heights. Toshiba–NEC were able to capitalize on the market meeting the needs of the PC –
industry – driven – optical – drive business and the next generation DVD media ("Toshiba and nec,"
2002). As Toshiba–NEC and its supporters pushed

Aaron Klug Essay
On August 11, 1926 a Jewish couple Lazar and Bella, gave birth to their son Aaron Klug. By the
time Aaron was two, him and his family left Lithuania and moved to South Africa. His father was a
trained saddler and Aaron often helped his father rear and sell cattle during his teenage years. When
it came to education, Klug had a traditional Jewish education and secular schooling. In primary
school, Klug read Microbe Hunter by Paul de Kruif which inspired him to study medicine as well as
microbiology. Once graduating Durban High School,he went off to college and attended the
University of the Witwatersrand where he graduated with a Bachelor of Science degree. He then
went to the University of Cape Town to study for his Masters. Following his PhD, Klug moved to
London in 1953 to where he attended BirkBeck College, which was an extension of the University
of London. Here he began working with Rosalind Franklin in John's Bernal's lab. Due to this
experience he ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Aaron Klug also received the Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize from Columbia University in 1981, in
1985 he was awarded with the Copley Medal and knighted in 1988 by Elizabeth II. After receiving
his notable honors, Klug continued being a teacher at Fellowship in Peterhouse, Cambridge which
was offered to him in 1962. Klug continued as a teacher because he enjoyed the courses, and found
it very intriguing. He is married to his wife Liebe Bobrow whom he has been with since 1948 and
has two children.His son Adam is doing research in Econometrics while his other son David is
studying Physics. Aaron Klug accomplished a lot in medical science in the time frame of eighty–
nine years he has been alive, and has surely made a great contribution to the world of

The Effect Of Transfer Training On The Classroom
Although the mean scores between the two groups were relatively close for both transfers (annotated
3.21 higher than traditional) and ROM/MMT (traditional 1.00 higher than annotated), there was
only a statistically significant difference for the transfer training. A number of implementation and
qualitative differences may have affected the results. The transfer technique competencies found to
have statistically significant results were specifically commented on during the video annotations.
These included positioning clients, body mechanics, hand placement, and safety throughout each
transfer. Based upon the number of students in the lab environment, there was a great deal of
ambient noise that prevented the students' directions to the client from being heard. Not accurately
hearing the directions provided prevented the researchers from providing comments on the language
used, the tone or pace of instructions, or on the accuracy of the instruction, which may have
contributed to the lack of statistical significance for the 'clear direction' competency. Having
multiple people capturing video also led to a variety of differences in when the videos started. Some
began as the student was managing equipment such as brakes, the gait belt, or a sliding board while
others began as the student positioned him/herself to initiate the transfer. This lack of consistent
ability to provide annotated feedback may have contributed to the lack of statistically significant
result for

Audio Mastering Essay
Overview of the Mastering Process For every good mastering engineer, meticulousness and
attention to detail is the norm, not the exception. What is Mastering? Mastering is the last creative
step in the audio production process, the bridge between mixing and replication – your last chance
to enhance sound or repair problems in an acoustically – designed room – an audio microscope.
What is a Mastering Engineer? A Mastering Engineer requires the same ear training as a recording
and mixing engineer, except that the mastering engineer becomes expert in the techniques for
improving completed mixes, while the mixing engineer specializes in methods for improving the
mix by altering the sound of individual instruments within it. 1 ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
4 CD–R, CD–ROM & DVD ROM CD–R: By far, the most reliable digital format available today.
CD–Rs may be made on standalone CD–R decks, or on DAWs equipped with CD–R drives and
CD–Audio recording software. CD–R (Orange Book) & DVD–Rom (Book C): Is an up and coming
medium that can use DDP image files. Sony PCM – 1610/1630 Used since the introduction of the
CD as a mastering medium from which glass masters are cut, this format uses an encoder to store
digital audio information in video form on the ¾" video cassettes and videotape recorders of the
professional U–Matic video standard. DTRS: ADAT & Tascam DA–88 These 8–track "modular
digital multi–track" (MDM) formats are used primarily for multi–track recording. The machines
employ video technology and have many of the same advantages as DAT. The DA–88 format is also
commonly used to deliver 5.1 channel surround sound mixes for DVD. 5 What are the Most
Common formats used? For the CD Plant: A CD–R or PCM 1630 tape For the Cassette Duplicator:
A CD–R or DAT For the Vinyl Record Pressing Plant: A "master lacquer" What are the Most
Accurate formats to use? DDP (Disc Description Protocol*) PCM–1630 (on ¾" video cassette) CD–
R (Orange Book, write–once media) *DDP or Disc Description Protocol identifies and describes
collections of data

Optical Optic Communications Link For Aircraft
ABSTRACT
This paper demonstrates a fiber optic communications link for aircraft that utilizes wavelength
division multiplexing (WDM) to avionics environment to support multiple analog RF signals
transmission simultaneous over single optical fiber. This paper investigates the simultaneous
transmission of two RF signals over a single optical fiber. The transmission of FM and AM analog
modulated signals, and also FSK digital modulated signals, over a fiber optic link (FOL) employing
wavelength division multiplexing is determined. We present data from measurements of power loss,
total harmonic distortion (THD), signal–to–noise ratio (SNR), delay, carrier–to–noise ratio (CNR),
and bit error rate (BER).The results indicate that wavelength division multiplexing is a fiber optic
technology appropriate for avionics applications.
INTRODUCTION
During flight, aircraft avionics transmit and receive Radio Frequency signals from/to antennas over
coaxial links. The electromagnetic interference (EMI) environment corrupts proportionately, as the
density and complexity of onboard avionics increases, which prompts diminish in signal–to–noise
ratios (SNRs) and potential safety concerns. Existing coaxial cable–based systems cannot be
implemented for a network with simple, dependable, and lightweight which is free from the impacts
of electromagnetic interference and fit for supporting the broadband communications needs of future
installed computerized aeronautics systems. A

Application Of Sensor From Petroleum Industry Essay
Application of Sensor in Petroleum Industry INTRODUCTION Sensor is an electronic device that
detects a change in physical stimulus and turns it into a signal which can be measured or recorded.
There are various sensors such as flows sensor, temperature sensor, pressure sensor and so forth.
Each type of sensors has their own characteristics. Petroleum industry utilized many types of sensor,
some of that are temperature sensor, pressure sensor, liquid level sensor and liquid leakage sensor.
Sensors are important to ensure the safety and prevent petroleum leakage. There are three sensors
involve the petroleum industry which is optic fiber sensor, liquid level sensor and the hydrocarbon
sensing cable. PROBLEM STATEMENTS Petroleum industry is a huge industry with great
influences on the world. However this industry is hazardous, hence various sensors are required to
achieve the safety standard. Besides, sensors are needed to ensure sufficient reservoir supply to the
consumer. This paper will be research about the optic fiber sensor, liquid level sensor and
hydrocarbon sensing cable. SENSOR APPLICATIONS There are many sensors involve in
petroleum industry, but this paper will only discuss three of the sensor which are Optic Fiber Sensor,
Liquid Level Sensor and Petroleum Sensing Cable. Each sensor has their own application in
petroleum industry and other industries. Optic Fiber Sensor can detect different elements. For
petroleum industry, this sensor is

Fiber Optic And Its Impact On Technology
Fiber–optic in Communication Fiber–optics are tiny threads of glasses that are arranged in optical
cables to transmit light signal which relay information from one end to another. Fiber–optic is used
in communication to enable transmission of information over long distances with minimal
disruption and loss of data and hence widely used all over the world. Fiber–optic has a broad usage
in data distribution telephony and broadband distribution among others. Today, it is one of the
rapidly advancing technology mainly because of it benefits such as stable operation, small size and
efficiency among others. However, fiber–optic has come a long journey through complex
advancement to what it is today. Nonetheless, the increased demand for optical fiber and the
advancing technology have greatly shaped the continuing development of fiber–optic for future use.
Fiber–optic has been widely adopted because of its benefits as compared to other mediums. First
and foremost, Fiber–optic can be used to transmit signals over long distance. The use of optical
cables in Fiber technology allows signals to be transmitted over long distance and maintain the
integrity of such signals as compared to metallic cables. Secondly, optical cable allows transmission
of broad bandwidth. Optical fiber are usually small in diameter and are light hence it is easy to
install as it uses less space. Broadband can be transmitted through coaxial cable or radio system
however, optical fiber is the best medium for

The Blu Ray Disc
1 Introduction
An emergence roadmapping process is crucial to managers and policy makers taken decisions about
which technologies it should be or it should not be developed, despite the uncertain trends of the
market.
This report aims to address the emergence roadmapping of the Blu–ray disc. It will be structured in
the three essential parts: the development of this technology, the environment involved and its initial
market and competitors. The first part describes the technological development and the advantages
that led to the implementation of this innovation, and it presents the challenges faced by it. In the
second part, an environment analysis will explain what helped to the success of the Blu–ray disc. In
the last part, market ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Blu–ray, thereby, is the successor of the DVD format, as well as the High Definition/Density
Digital Versatile Disc (HD DVD). By 2007, these two serious competitors stood up over several
other companies attracting the largest consumer portion (Uijla & Vriesa, 2013). Major changes that
occurred in the market by the end of 2008 have led the Blu–ray to absolute dominance of the
market. In the section 4, a better explanation of the war raised between those two companies will be
presented.
Figure 1: Blu–ray disc (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blu–ray_Disc)
3 Emergence Roadmapping – Trends and Drivers
3.1 Technology Development and Challenges
The main purpose in a technological innovation is to integrate its benefits in an application and to
utilize properly its advantages to create a potential market that will generate revenue.
In 1998, The High Definition TV (HDTV) sets began to act in the United States and Japanese
consumer markets. The old formats of media, such as DVDs and CDs were not able to store the
amount of data necessary to record high–definition content. At the same time, the video game
market was growing in a rapidly rate. The market demand generated after the success of DVDs
pushed several companies to invest in this type of technology. In this framework, the company that
would come up with an efficient innovation to provide higher data storage would have greater
chance to have a big market share.
The biggest

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