Chemical Tests; flame test, positive and negative ions test Edexcel Internati...
Inductive coupled plasma Spectroscopy and Raman spectoscopy
1. Inductive coupled plasma
Spectroscopy
VICTORY IS ONLY BELONGS TO GOD
Submitted to Dr. Ali Dad Chandio
Sci. Hamza Suharwardi
Oct-11th ,2021
Both techniques used to detect elements, with some variety of
changes
2. Parts
● Liquid Sample
● Nebulizer
● Spray Chamber
● Hyphenated ICP-MS
ONLY FOR SPECIAL
SPECIES
● tertiary aerosol exiting the spray chamber (comprising
the smallest droplets of the primary aerosol generated by
the nebuliser) is swept in a stream of argon gas along the
injector and into the plasma. After reaching the high-
temperature plasma, the sample is desolated, vaporized,
atomized and ionized.
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3. Interference
● Isobaric elements
● Double Charged
Interference
● Polyatomic
Interference
● What is interference
here?
● Correction factor also
available
● Matrix removal
equation available
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Sum up
Almost every element will emit radiation in
the UV and/or Visible region of the spectrum
when excited in the plasma
4. Information obtained from ICPS
Challenges
● Samle dissolved in acidic or basic solvent .
● There is a limit of concentration to detect
the elements. Probably 0.001ppm.
Introduction
ICP-MS instruments are primarily designed to
analyze liquids. Solid samples can be analyzed
directly using electro thermal vaporization or laser-
ablation.
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7. 7
Raman Spectroscopy
• Chemical structure and identity
• Phase and polymorphism
• Intrinsic stress/strain
• Contamination and impurity
It is based upon the interaction of light with the chemical bonds within a
material
8. 8
• Works on the scattering light phenomena
at the same wavelength (or color) as the
laser source and does not provide useful
information – this is called Rayleigh
Scatter
Working Phenomena
10. features
● Each peak
corresponds to a
specific molecular
bond vibration,
including individual
bonds such as
● C-C, C=C, N-O, C-H
etc., and groups of
bonds such as
benzene ring
breathing mode,
polymer chain
vibrations, lattice
modes, etc.
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