2. India - Land area
A country in South Asia
Worlds second most populous nation (with over 1.2
billion people)
Seventh largest country by area
bounded by the;
Indian Ocean on the south
Arabian Sea on the south-west
Bay of Bengal on the south-east
India and Bharat (official names)
early settlers called their land “Bharat Vharsa”
medieval times it is known as “Hind”
3. India
derives from Indus River
Indian civilization grew up in Indus
Valley from 4000 to 2500 B.C.
Foundation of Indian Society,
including Hinduism and caste system
were established by Buddhism and
Jainism groups that begins in Ancient
India.
4.
5. Three Main Topographic Region
A. Himalayan Mountain (north)
divided into elongated valleys and
mountain ranges
Greatest Himalayas which include;
a. Nanda Devi highest peak in
the country
6. B.Northern Plains
formed by the interplay of 3 major
systems:
Indus river
Ganges river
Brahmaputra river
the plain is formed by alluvial soil
7. C. Peninsular India
South India is bounded
by the Bay of Bengal in
the east, the Arabian Sea
in the west and
the Indian Ocean in the
south.
8. PEOPLE IN INDIA
most diverse population
Indians are citizens of India
"Indian" refers to nationality, but
not ethnicity or language.
Currency Indian rupee (₹) (INR)
Capital New Delhi
Largest City Mumbai
9. LANGUAGES IN INDIA
four major language groups:
a. Indo-Aryan languages spoken by 75% of
Indians
Assamese, Bengali, Bodo, Dogri, Gondi,
Gujarati, Hindi, Kashmiri, Konkani, Maithili,
Marathi, Meitei, Nepali, Oriya, Eastern
Panjabi, Sanskrit, Sindhi, Urdu
Hindi
The 4th most spoken language in the world and
30% of population and official language of India.
10. LANGUAGES IN INDIA
b. Dravidian languages spoken by
20% of Indians
Telugu, Tamil, Malayalam, and
Kannada
c. Austro-Asiatic languages spoken
in isolated regions
d. Sino-Tibetan languages spoken
in small regions
12. Literacy of men is higher
among women
Free and open to all
children
• Primary education - 8 years
• Lower secondary education – 2 years
• Upper secondary education – 2 years
• in 2 states education is compulsory to students
ages 6 to 14.
13. Government of India
• Federal system (1950) with a
parliamentary form of government
• President Pranad Mukherjee
• Vice-President Mohammad Hamid
Ansari
• Prime Minister Narendra Modi
• Chief Justice T. S. Thakur
• Speaker of the Lower House Sumitra
Mahajan
• Legislature Parliament of India
• Upper house Rajya Sabha
• Lower house Lok Sabha
14. August 15, 1947 as a
sovereign state under its
own constitutional
government
two states:
Pakistan – Islamic
state
India – secular state
Mahatma Gandhi
revered father of modern India
assassinated by a militant Hindu who
believed him to be too kind to Muslim on
1948.
15.
16. Born: October 2, 1869, Porbandar, India
Assassinated: January 30, 1948, New Delhi, India
Awards: Time's Person of the Year
Mahatma (great soul), Gandhi (grocer)
One of the great nationalist leader of 20th century
Methods and philosophy of non-violent
confrontation, or civil disobedience, led his
country to independence (August 1, 1947) and
influenced activist throughout the world.
Influenced by his mother who is a devout of
Jainism – a religion in which ideas of non-violence
and vegetarianism whose life “was an endless chain
of fast and vows”.
17. married by arrangement at 13, Studied law in London at 18
Admitted to the bar in 1891 and Practiced law in Bombay
Worked for Indian Firm in South Africa (1893 – 1914)
Gandhi’s humiliating experiences of overt racial
discrimination propelled him into agitation on behalf of
the Indian community of South Africa.
He assumed leadership of protest
Developed his techniques and tenets of nonviolence
resistance known as satyaghara (literally,
“steadfastness in truth”)
He also fought to improve the status of the lowest classes
society, the casteless Untouchables whom he called
harijans (“children of God”).
