A short study of phrasal verbs

1. Phrasal Verbs
Two/Three Word Verbs
Verb + preposition + (adverb particle)

2. We must learn and use phrasal verbs to understand the
spoken language in English
There are four types of phrasal verbs : separable;
inseparable; three word phrasal verbs; intransitive (they do
not folowed by an object)
Type 1: verb + preposition /separable = can take an object)
(optional)
e.g.: fill out; get down; print out; type in, sort out ;connect up;
put in; run off
Type 2: verb + prepositon (inseparable) (objects comes after
the preposition or particle )
e.g.: look after; call on; draw up; come up; grow up, pass
away, take after
Type 3: three word pharasl verbs (verb + preposition
inseparable: keep up with; log onto; look forward to; put up
with; grow into

3. Type 4: verb + prep. (with no object) drop by, get up, break
down, go back, catch on
In terms of meaning, phrasal verbs can be difficult because
the meaning of the phrasal verbs is not the same as the
meaning of the verb plus the meaning of the preposition -
they are idiomatic. They are very rare in news and academic
writing because they are colloquial.
Type1. Separable phrasal verbs: with separable verbs, the
object goes either between the verb and the
preposition or after the preposition: Clean up the room. I
have not cleaned it up yet. (a pronoun object must go
between the verb and the particle) (optional)
b) with a few transitive phrasal verbs, we must place the
object (noun, noun phrase, pronoun) between the verb and
the particle: They invested all their money in crystal business.

4. You have to do this paint over.
You have to do over the paint job. (do over = do something
again) You have to do it over.
He filled out the application form.
He filled the application form out.
He filled it out. (fill out = to complete the form)
I looked up the word in my dictionary.
I looked the word up in my dictionary.
I looked it up in my dictionary. (look up= find in a book)
Type 2: inseparable phrasal verbs:
The students went over the material before the exam. (go
over = review)
Look after = take care
Their aunt look after the children when their mother is in
hospital

5. Call on = ask for help
The President called on the wealthy countries for
financial aid after the floods destroyed much of the
country's agriculture.
Draw up = to prepare a contract
A contract was drawn up by the football director to get
a new footballer from Spain’s Barcelona Madrid.
Come up = appear
I will be late for home tonight because something has
come up at work that has to be ready for tomorrow
morning.
Run across = find by chance
I ran across my old roommate at the diploma
ceremony.

6. Type 3 : three word phrasal verb
keep up with = move at the same rate. He walks too fast and
it is really hard to keep up with him.
Log onto = enter a computer system – He log onto his
computer and enter his password.
Look into = to research, investigate
We will look into the problem and come back to you when we
have the information.
Look forward to = wait for something pleasant
I am looking forward to meeting you.
Put up with = tolerate
I can’t put up with my neighbour’s noise any longer; it’s
driving me mad.
Get away with = not get caught, punished for doing smth
wrong.
Thieves got away with two Picassos which were never found.

7. Type 4 - Phrasal verbs which don’t take object
Drop by = pay a short visit
He dropped by on his way back from work.
Catch on = become popular
Mini skirts really catching on among teenagers this spring.
Get up: get out of bed
I get up at 7 o’clock on weekdays but lie in till noon at the
weekend.
Break down = start crying
He broke down in tears when he learned that his son was
shot by the terrorists.
Go back = return to; start doing something again
We went back to work after the break.
Make up = stop being angry with someone
They are always arguing but they make up again very quickly.

8. Some examples of phrasal verbs
Stop off = break a journey (does not take object)
We stopped off for lunch at nice fast food restaurant
about half way Bodrum , then continued driving.
On my way home from work yesterday, I stopped off at
my local supermarket.
Pick up (separable) (optional) = collect a thing and bring
back to your home .
While you are in the city center, can you pick up my
trousers from the dry cleaner?
Can you pick up some friends of mine on your way to the
party? They are going too.
While I was in the market I picked up some coconuts.

9. Wrap in = to cover/put a paper or a piece of cloth around a
thing or a person. (separable)
Have you wrapped Father’s present in pretty paper?
The baby was wrapped in wool clothes and he was too hot on
such a sunny day.
I was amazed that each coconut was wrapped in clear, thin
plastic.
Cut down = cut something from a higher position
(separable/optional)
After Christmas he didn’t carefully take off all the decorations,
he just cut them all down.
The packaging helps to keep the product fresh; it cuts down
the damage if the product gets broken.
Get into (three word phrasal verb) = to become part of
something or be accepted as a member
She did well in the University Entrance Exam and got into the first university he wanted

10. She did well and got into Cambridge University.
Plastic packaging stops coconut hairs from getting into other
food during transportation.
Put on = to place something on top of something.
(separable/optional)
I can’t put the lid on, the box is too full.
Throw away = get rid of something when you no longer need
it. (separable/optional)
I threw the alarm clock away because it had stopped working.
In the UK, people throw a huge amount of packaging away.
Give out = to give something to a group of people; distribute.
(separable/optional)
The political party was giving free caps and calendars out in
front of the underground station.
The main supermarkets in the UK give 17 billion plastic bags
out a year.

11. Go into = a lot of time and energy is spent to do something
because you think it is important (inseparable – the object
must come after the particle)
A lot of time and effort went into this book.
A lot of thought now goes into the design of packaging, so
that we use the minimum amount of material.
End up = to finish by becoming/doing something
The general began his army life as a soldier and end up as a
ruler of his country.
He started his job as an office boy at a real estate agency but
after sometime he ended up owning such a lot of property.
After inheriting a large amount of money from his father he
ended up poor when he died.
(b) To arrive at or in a place accidently after time or events.
You will end up in a prison if you keep on breaking the rules of
doing fair business.

12. They use biodegradable materials in packaging and these
end up as water vapur.
If you don’t know how to get to the address you will never
know where you are going to end up.
Be careful when you play with animals you might end up
getting hurt.
Go up = rise or climb (does not take an object)
The price of petrol has gone up sharply because of the tax
the government has to give to oil producers.
The amount of packaging waste that’s recovered and recycled
in the UK has been going up some time.
Break up = break into many pieces (separable/optional)
The plate broke up when he dropped on the floor.
Without sun, air and water, the biodegradabe rubbish bag will
not break up in fifteen days.

13. Go on = to continue doing something (takes no object)
He went on and on and I was so bored.
Changes in society are going on which affect the amount of
packaging .
When you have finished answering these questions go on
to page 41.
After introducing the speaker the chairman went on to give
the details of the meeting.
Pull together = work together as a team; to work together
so as to help a common effort. (takes no object)
If we all pull together, we will finish the job in a short time.
Everyone has to pull together on producing less rubbish.
We must all pull together if we are to win this election.