X-ray machine
•Download as PPTX, PDF•
0 likes•6 views
It talks about the X-ray machine and how it works, in addition to its advantages, disadvantages and safety
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
Synchrotron absas
A synchrotron is a large machine that uses powerful magnets and radio waves to accelerate electrons to near light speed. As the electrons are deflected by magnetic fields, they emit extremely bright light across the electromagnetic spectrum. This synchrotron light is channeled to experimental stations where it is used for research in fields like medicine, materials science, and biology due to its high intensity and tunable wavelengths.
Radiation Protection Course For Orthopedic Specialists: Lecture 1 of 4: Intro...
Radiation Protection Course For Orthopedic Specialists: Lecture 1 of 4: Introduction To Radiation Physics And X-ray Production
XRF and its types
X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry is a technique used for elemental analysis. There are two main types of XRF spectrometers: energy-dispersive (ED) and wavelength-dispersive (WD). ED spectrometers use a detector to measure the energy of emitted X-rays, producing a spectrum. WD spectrometers use crystals to diffract and measure wavelengths of emitted X-rays. XRF can be used to identify elements in materials like metals, glass, ceramics, and paintings.
SEM & FTIR
This document provides information about SEM (scanning electron microscope) and FTIR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy). It describes the key components and workings of an SEM, including the electron gun, vacuum chamber, lenses, sample chamber, and detectors. It also outlines sample preparation steps and advantages/disadvantages of SEM. For FTIR, the document discusses the interferometer component, types of detectors, advantages of higher signal-to-noise ratio and resolution, and limitations of its small sampling chamber size.
Radiography testing .pdf
Radiography is a widely used non-destructive testing method that uses X-rays or gamma rays to detect internal flaws in materials. It works by placing an object between a radiation source and sensitive film - denser areas will block more radiation from reaching the film. The resulting variations in darkness on the film can reveal thickness changes, cracks, or other discontinuities inside the material. While radiography is useful for inspecting hidden internal areas without dismantling parts, it also poses health risks due to radiation exposure. Proper technique selection and experienced interpretation are required to obtain useful results from radiographic testing.
X- ray crystallography
X-ray crystallography uses X-rays to determine the atomic structure of crystals. Crystals are bombarded with X-rays, which diffract upon contact with the atoms in the crystal. The angles and intensities of the diffracted X-rays are measured to deduce the positions of atoms in the crystal. This technique is useful for visualizing protein structures and identifying unknown crystal structures. It involves growing a crystal, exposing it to X-rays, and computationally analyzing the diffraction pattern to produce an atomic model of the crystal structure. X-ray crystallography has applications in characterizing polymers, assessing metal fatigue, and soil classification.
Introduction to X-Ray Machine
Wilhelm Roentgen discovered X-rays in 1895 while experimenting with electron beams. He noticed a fluorescent screen glowing near his vacuum tube and saw the silhouette of his wife's bones when she placed her hand in front of the tube. X-rays are produced when electrons collide with metal and knock out inner shell electrons, emitting high energy electromagnetic waves. They can pass through objects at different levels depending on density and are used in medical imaging like radiography.
Recommended
Synchrotron absas
A synchrotron is a large machine that uses powerful magnets and radio waves to accelerate electrons to near light speed. As the electrons are deflected by magnetic fields, they emit extremely bright light across the electromagnetic spectrum. This synchrotron light is channeled to experimental stations where it is used for research in fields like medicine, materials science, and biology due to its high intensity and tunable wavelengths.
Radiation Protection Course For Orthopedic Specialists: Lecture 1 of 4: Intro...
Radiation Protection Course For Orthopedic Specialists: Lecture 1 of 4: Introduction To Radiation Physics And X-ray Production
XRF and its types
X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry is a technique used for elemental analysis. There are two main types of XRF spectrometers: energy-dispersive (ED) and wavelength-dispersive (WD). ED spectrometers use a detector to measure the energy of emitted X-rays, producing a spectrum. WD spectrometers use crystals to diffract and measure wavelengths of emitted X-rays. XRF can be used to identify elements in materials like metals, glass, ceramics, and paintings.
SEM & FTIR
This document provides information about SEM (scanning electron microscope) and FTIR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy). It describes the key components and workings of an SEM, including the electron gun, vacuum chamber, lenses, sample chamber, and detectors. It also outlines sample preparation steps and advantages/disadvantages of SEM. For FTIR, the document discusses the interferometer component, types of detectors, advantages of higher signal-to-noise ratio and resolution, and limitations of its small sampling chamber size.
Radiography testing .pdf
Radiography is a widely used non-destructive testing method that uses X-rays or gamma rays to detect internal flaws in materials. It works by placing an object between a radiation source and sensitive film - denser areas will block more radiation from reaching the film. The resulting variations in darkness on the film can reveal thickness changes, cracks, or other discontinuities inside the material. While radiography is useful for inspecting hidden internal areas without dismantling parts, it also poses health risks due to radiation exposure. Proper technique selection and experienced interpretation are required to obtain useful results from radiographic testing.
X- ray crystallography
X-ray crystallography uses X-rays to determine the atomic structure of crystals. Crystals are bombarded with X-rays, which diffract upon contact with the atoms in the crystal. The angles and intensities of the diffracted X-rays are measured to deduce the positions of atoms in the crystal. This technique is useful for visualizing protein structures and identifying unknown crystal structures. It involves growing a crystal, exposing it to X-rays, and computationally analyzing the diffraction pattern to produce an atomic model of the crystal structure. X-ray crystallography has applications in characterizing polymers, assessing metal fatigue, and soil classification.
Introduction to X-Ray Machine
Wilhelm Roentgen discovered X-rays in 1895 while experimenting with electron beams. He noticed a fluorescent screen glowing near his vacuum tube and saw the silhouette of his wife's bones when she placed her hand in front of the tube. X-rays are produced when electrons collide with metal and knock out inner shell electrons, emitting high energy electromagnetic waves. They can pass through objects at different levels depending on density and are used in medical imaging like radiography.
x-raycrystallography-200619161039-200622085916.pptx
X-ray crystallography uses X-rays to determine the atomic structure of crystals. It works by firing X-rays at crystalline samples and analyzing the diffraction patterns. This allows researchers to visualize protein structures and identify unknown crystal structures. The key steps are obtaining a suitable crystal sample, exposing it to X-rays, and computationally analyzing the diffraction data to produce an atomic model of the crystal structure. Common applications include determining molecular structures, characterizing polymers, and assessing the crystallinity and degradation of materials.
xrays basics.ppt
X-rays are a form of ionizing radiation that are used in diagnostic imaging to identify fractures, detect diseases like cancer, and examine internal structures. An x-ray tube produces x-rays by accelerating electrons at a metal target. X-rays are penetrating and can pass through tissues to form radiographic images. Radiologists use x-rays to examine bones, teeth, organs and tissues. While low dose, repeated x-ray exposures increase cancer risks, so the diagnostic benefits are weighed against risks in each case. Shielding with lead and distance from the source reduce radiation exposure for patients and medical staff.
XRD(X RAY DIFFRACTION).pptx
X-ray crystallography uses X-ray diffraction to determine the atomic and molecular structure of crystals. Monochromatic X-rays are generated by a cathode ray tube and directed at a crystalline sample. The regular arrangement of atoms in the crystal causes the X-rays to diffract into specific patterns determined by Bragg's law, providing information about the crystal structure. X-ray diffraction is widely used in fields like biochemistry, materials science, and engineering to study the structure of molecules, crystals, and solid materials.
Synchrotron
The document discusses synchrotrons, which are particle accelerators that produce very bright light for research. It describes how synchrotrons work, with electrons being emitted and accelerated through components like an electron gun, linear accelerator, booster ring, and storage ring. This produces intense electromagnetic waves called synchrotron light. Synchrotron light is much brighter than standard X-rays and allows scientists to observe molecular interactions. The document outlines some of the many applications of synchrotrons, such as in materials engineering, medical imaging and therapy, environmental research, and forensics.
Radiology_Equipment_Lec-2_Dr. Emad Taleb.pdf
Wilhelm Roentgen discovered x-rays in 1895 while experimenting with cathode ray tubes. X-rays are a form of electromagnetic radiation that can pass through objects and be used to image structures inside the body. They are produced when electrons generated at a cathode collide with a metal anode target inside an evacuated x-ray tube. Varying the voltage and current controls the x-ray beam properties. X-rays have both wave and particle properties and are used in medical imaging due to their ability to penetrate tissues differentially based on density.
X ray machine l
X-rays are used in medicine for medical analysis. Dentists use them to find complications, cavities and impacted teeth. Soft body tissue are transparent to the waves. Bones also block the rays.
a-Radiation physics,emission,components.pptx
Radiology physics introduction of x ray emission and x ray unit component
scanning electron microscope
The document provides an overview of scanning electron microscopes (SEMs), including their history, key parts, working principle, applications, and sample preparation process. Some key points:
- SEMs use a beam of electrons to produce high-resolution images of sample surfaces, allowing examination of microscopic structural features. They have greater depth of field than light microscopes.
- Early development began in the 1930s. Commercial instruments became available in the 1960s. Continued improvements have increased resolution to the atomic scale.
- Key components include an electron gun, electromagnetic lenses, vacuum system, specimen stage, and detectors. Secondary electrons emitted from the sample are used to form images.
- Applications span biology, materials
Radiation protection course for radiologists L1
Radiation Protection Course For Radiologists Lecture 1 of 8
Introduction to Ionizing Radiation And X-ray Production
X-ray-fundamentals.pdf
This document provides an overview of radiation safety fundamentals related to x-ray devices used in research at NIU. It defines x-rays and their properties, describes different types of x-ray equipment including analytical, diagnostic, and industrial uses. The document outlines the hazards of x-ray exposure and how to reduce risk through time, distance, and shielding. It provides examples of unsafe conditions and NIU requirements for safe operation of x-ray devices.
U.V Spectroscopy.
This document discusses the principles, instrumentation, and applications of UV spectroscopy. It begins with an introduction to UV spectroscopy and its uses in qualitative and quantitative analysis. It then covers the underlying principles of UV absorption, including Lambert's law and Beer's law. The key components of a UV spectrophotometer are described, including radiation sources, monochromators, sample containers, detectors, and recording systems. Finally, common applications of UV spectroscopy are outlined, such as determining functional groups, conjugation, and reaction monitoring.
Medical-Imaging.pdf
- Historically, diagnosis involved observing patients outwardly for symptoms or surgically opening the body, which risked trauma and infection. Modern techniques use externally placed devices like X-rays, ultrasound and MRI to non-invasively obtain internal information.
- X-rays are produced when high-speed electrons bombard a metal target, generating electromagnetic Bremsstrahlung radiation in the X-ray region. The electron's kinetic energy determines the minimum X-ray wavelength.
- A modern X-ray tube contains a heated cathode that emits electrons, which are accelerated towards an anode. The tube current controls intensity, while voltage controls penetration ("hardness") of the X-ray beam. An aluminum
Laser
This document provides an overview of dental calculus and lasers. It discusses the history and development of lasers from Einstein's work in 1917 to current diode lasers. It describes laser physics including stimulated emission and classifications based on gain medium, tissue application, and mode of action. Safety hazards of lasers like ocular injury, tissue damage, fires, and respiratory issues are covered. In conclusion, lasers may become preferred for non-surgical and surgical periodontal therapy in the future.
Electromagnetic wave
Gamma rays, X-rays, ultraviolet, visible light, infrared, microwaves, and radio waves are all part of the electromagnetic spectrum, ordered from highest to lowest frequency and shortest to longest wavelength. Each type of electromagnetic wave has different uses:
- Gamma rays and X-rays are used to kill cancer cells and take medical images.
- Ultraviolet sterilizes medical equipment and detects counterfeit currency.
- Visible light enables vision and powers plant photosynthesis.
- Infrared provides medical therapy and heating.
- Microwaves enable radar, mobile phones, and cooking via microwave ovens.
- Radio waves power radio, television, and satellite and aircraft
2018 HM XRF X-RAY FLUORESCENCE EMISSION -THEORY AND APPLICATION
X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis is a technique used to analyze the elemental composition of materials. It works by using an X-ray source to excite electrons in the inner shells of the atoms in a sample. This causes characteristic fluorescent X-rays to be emitted from the sample that are indicative of its elemental composition. The document discusses the theory behind XRF and describes the various components used, including X-ray tubes, filters, detectors and other hardware. It also covers topics like Bremsstrahlung radiation, characteristic X-rays, and the Duane-Hunt law governing X-ray tube emission spectra.
X-Ray Shadowgraph Imaging Technique Lecture
X-Ray Shadowgraph Imaging Technique LectureMilitary Technical College/ Biomedical Engineering Department
This document provides an overview of x-ray imaging techniques. It describes what x-rays are and how they are generated within an x-ray machine. X-rays are generated when high-voltage electrons collide with a metal target, such as tungsten. This causes the electrons to lose energy and emit x-ray photons. The x-ray machine contains an x-ray tube, high voltage generator, and control console to produce x-rays and control their intensity and energy. X-rays can pass through soft tissues but are absorbed by denser bones, allowing x-ray images to reveal internal body structures.Medical imaging
This document provides an overview of various medical imaging and treatment techniques, including endoscopes and diagnostic X-ray machines. It discusses endoscopes, noting they can have rigid or flexible tubes, lenses to transmit images, and channels to allow entry of instruments. Diagnostic X-ray machines are described as using a cathode ray tube to produce X-rays via bremsstrahlung and characteristic radiation when electrons hit a tungsten target. The energy of the resulting X-ray photons is discussed. Safety aspects of X-ray machines are also mentioned.
LASER,FIBER OPTICS & ULTRASONIC……
The document summarizes key characteristics and applications of lasers. It describes the properties of coherence, high intensity, high directionality, and monochromaticity that distinguish lasers from other light sources. It also discusses the processes of induced absorption, spontaneous emission, and stimulated emission that enable laser action. Common laser systems like Nd:YAG are described along with their components and working. Finally, the document outlines several industrial, medical, military, scientific, and engineering applications of lasers such as welding, cutting, surgery, communication, and chemical reactions.
U.V.-VISIBLE SPECTROSCOPY
UV-visible spectroscopy works by measuring the absorption of light in the visible and ultraviolet spectral regions. It involves using a light source, monochromator, sample containers, and detectors. The main components are the light source, which provides radiation of different wavelengths, the monochromator that selects the desired wavelength, sample containers that hold the sample, and detectors that detect the absorbed or transmitted light. Common detectors include photovoltaic cells, phototubes, and photomultiplier tubes. The instrumentation can be either a single or double beam system, with double beam being more accurate by eliminating manual adjustments between measurements. UV-visible spectroscopy has advantages like accuracy and ability to perform qualitative and quantitative analysis, but is limited to
OOPS_Lab_Manual - programs using C++ programming language
This manual contains programs on object oriented programming concepts using C++ language.
More Related Content
Similar to X-ray machine
x-raycrystallography-200619161039-200622085916.pptx
X-ray crystallography uses X-rays to determine the atomic structure of crystals. It works by firing X-rays at crystalline samples and analyzing the diffraction patterns. This allows researchers to visualize protein structures and identify unknown crystal structures. The key steps are obtaining a suitable crystal sample, exposing it to X-rays, and computationally analyzing the diffraction data to produce an atomic model of the crystal structure. Common applications include determining molecular structures, characterizing polymers, and assessing the crystallinity and degradation of materials.
xrays basics.ppt
X-rays are a form of ionizing radiation that are used in diagnostic imaging to identify fractures, detect diseases like cancer, and examine internal structures. An x-ray tube produces x-rays by accelerating electrons at a metal target. X-rays are penetrating and can pass through tissues to form radiographic images. Radiologists use x-rays to examine bones, teeth, organs and tissues. While low dose, repeated x-ray exposures increase cancer risks, so the diagnostic benefits are weighed against risks in each case. Shielding with lead and distance from the source reduce radiation exposure for patients and medical staff.
XRD(X RAY DIFFRACTION).pptx
X-ray crystallography uses X-ray diffraction to determine the atomic and molecular structure of crystals. Monochromatic X-rays are generated by a cathode ray tube and directed at a crystalline sample. The regular arrangement of atoms in the crystal causes the X-rays to diffract into specific patterns determined by Bragg's law, providing information about the crystal structure. X-ray diffraction is widely used in fields like biochemistry, materials science, and engineering to study the structure of molecules, crystals, and solid materials.
Synchrotron
The document discusses synchrotrons, which are particle accelerators that produce very bright light for research. It describes how synchrotrons work, with electrons being emitted and accelerated through components like an electron gun, linear accelerator, booster ring, and storage ring. This produces intense electromagnetic waves called synchrotron light. Synchrotron light is much brighter than standard X-rays and allows scientists to observe molecular interactions. The document outlines some of the many applications of synchrotrons, such as in materials engineering, medical imaging and therapy, environmental research, and forensics.
Radiology_Equipment_Lec-2_Dr. Emad Taleb.pdf
Wilhelm Roentgen discovered x-rays in 1895 while experimenting with cathode ray tubes. X-rays are a form of electromagnetic radiation that can pass through objects and be used to image structures inside the body. They are produced when electrons generated at a cathode collide with a metal anode target inside an evacuated x-ray tube. Varying the voltage and current controls the x-ray beam properties. X-rays have both wave and particle properties and are used in medical imaging due to their ability to penetrate tissues differentially based on density.
X ray machine l
X-rays are used in medicine for medical analysis. Dentists use them to find complications, cavities and impacted teeth. Soft body tissue are transparent to the waves. Bones also block the rays.
a-Radiation physics,emission,components.pptx
Radiology physics introduction of x ray emission and x ray unit component
scanning electron microscope
The document provides an overview of scanning electron microscopes (SEMs), including their history, key parts, working principle, applications, and sample preparation process. Some key points:
- SEMs use a beam of electrons to produce high-resolution images of sample surfaces, allowing examination of microscopic structural features. They have greater depth of field than light microscopes.
- Early development began in the 1930s. Commercial instruments became available in the 1960s. Continued improvements have increased resolution to the atomic scale.
- Key components include an electron gun, electromagnetic lenses, vacuum system, specimen stage, and detectors. Secondary electrons emitted from the sample are used to form images.
- Applications span biology, materials
Radiation protection course for radiologists L1
Radiation Protection Course For Radiologists Lecture 1 of 8
Introduction to Ionizing Radiation And X-ray Production
X-ray-fundamentals.pdf
This document provides an overview of radiation safety fundamentals related to x-ray devices used in research at NIU. It defines x-rays and their properties, describes different types of x-ray equipment including analytical, diagnostic, and industrial uses. The document outlines the hazards of x-ray exposure and how to reduce risk through time, distance, and shielding. It provides examples of unsafe conditions and NIU requirements for safe operation of x-ray devices.
U.V Spectroscopy.
This document discusses the principles, instrumentation, and applications of UV spectroscopy. It begins with an introduction to UV spectroscopy and its uses in qualitative and quantitative analysis. It then covers the underlying principles of UV absorption, including Lambert's law and Beer's law. The key components of a UV spectrophotometer are described, including radiation sources, monochromators, sample containers, detectors, and recording systems. Finally, common applications of UV spectroscopy are outlined, such as determining functional groups, conjugation, and reaction monitoring.
Medical-Imaging.pdf
- Historically, diagnosis involved observing patients outwardly for symptoms or surgically opening the body, which risked trauma and infection. Modern techniques use externally placed devices like X-rays, ultrasound and MRI to non-invasively obtain internal information.
- X-rays are produced when high-speed electrons bombard a metal target, generating electromagnetic Bremsstrahlung radiation in the X-ray region. The electron's kinetic energy determines the minimum X-ray wavelength.
- A modern X-ray tube contains a heated cathode that emits electrons, which are accelerated towards an anode. The tube current controls intensity, while voltage controls penetration ("hardness") of the X-ray beam. An aluminum
Laser
This document provides an overview of dental calculus and lasers. It discusses the history and development of lasers from Einstein's work in 1917 to current diode lasers. It describes laser physics including stimulated emission and classifications based on gain medium, tissue application, and mode of action. Safety hazards of lasers like ocular injury, tissue damage, fires, and respiratory issues are covered. In conclusion, lasers may become preferred for non-surgical and surgical periodontal therapy in the future.
Electromagnetic wave
Gamma rays, X-rays, ultraviolet, visible light, infrared, microwaves, and radio waves are all part of the electromagnetic spectrum, ordered from highest to lowest frequency and shortest to longest wavelength. Each type of electromagnetic wave has different uses:
- Gamma rays and X-rays are used to kill cancer cells and take medical images.
- Ultraviolet sterilizes medical equipment and detects counterfeit currency.
- Visible light enables vision and powers plant photosynthesis.
- Infrared provides medical therapy and heating.
- Microwaves enable radar, mobile phones, and cooking via microwave ovens.
- Radio waves power radio, television, and satellite and aircraft
2018 HM XRF X-RAY FLUORESCENCE EMISSION -THEORY AND APPLICATION
X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis is a technique used to analyze the elemental composition of materials. It works by using an X-ray source to excite electrons in the inner shells of the atoms in a sample. This causes characteristic fluorescent X-rays to be emitted from the sample that are indicative of its elemental composition. The document discusses the theory behind XRF and describes the various components used, including X-ray tubes, filters, detectors and other hardware. It also covers topics like Bremsstrahlung radiation, characteristic X-rays, and the Duane-Hunt law governing X-ray tube emission spectra.
X-Ray Shadowgraph Imaging Technique Lecture
X-Ray Shadowgraph Imaging Technique LectureMilitary Technical College/ Biomedical Engineering Department
This document provides an overview of x-ray imaging techniques. It describes what x-rays are and how they are generated within an x-ray machine. X-rays are generated when high-voltage electrons collide with a metal target, such as tungsten. This causes the electrons to lose energy and emit x-ray photons. The x-ray machine contains an x-ray tube, high voltage generator, and control console to produce x-rays and control their intensity and energy. X-rays can pass through soft tissues but are absorbed by denser bones, allowing x-ray images to reveal internal body structures.Medical imaging
This document provides an overview of various medical imaging and treatment techniques, including endoscopes and diagnostic X-ray machines. It discusses endoscopes, noting they can have rigid or flexible tubes, lenses to transmit images, and channels to allow entry of instruments. Diagnostic X-ray machines are described as using a cathode ray tube to produce X-rays via bremsstrahlung and characteristic radiation when electrons hit a tungsten target. The energy of the resulting X-ray photons is discussed. Safety aspects of X-ray machines are also mentioned.
LASER,FIBER OPTICS & ULTRASONIC……
The document summarizes key characteristics and applications of lasers. It describes the properties of coherence, high intensity, high directionality, and monochromaticity that distinguish lasers from other light sources. It also discusses the processes of induced absorption, spontaneous emission, and stimulated emission that enable laser action. Common laser systems like Nd:YAG are described along with their components and working. Finally, the document outlines several industrial, medical, military, scientific, and engineering applications of lasers such as welding, cutting, surgery, communication, and chemical reactions.
U.V.-VISIBLE SPECTROSCOPY
UV-visible spectroscopy works by measuring the absorption of light in the visible and ultraviolet spectral regions. It involves using a light source, monochromator, sample containers, and detectors. The main components are the light source, which provides radiation of different wavelengths, the monochromator that selects the desired wavelength, sample containers that hold the sample, and detectors that detect the absorbed or transmitted light. Common detectors include photovoltaic cells, phototubes, and photomultiplier tubes. The instrumentation can be either a single or double beam system, with double beam being more accurate by eliminating manual adjustments between measurements. UV-visible spectroscopy has advantages like accuracy and ability to perform qualitative and quantitative analysis, but is limited to
Similar to X-ray machine (20)
x-raycrystallography-200619161039-200622085916.pptx
x-raycrystallography-200619161039-200622085916.pptx
2018 HM XRF X-RAY FLUORESCENCE EMISSION -THEORY AND APPLICATION
2018 HM XRF X-RAY FLUORESCENCE EMISSION -THEORY AND APPLICATION
Recently uploaded
OOPS_Lab_Manual - programs using C++ programming language
This manual contains programs on object oriented programming concepts using C++ language.
一比一原版(CalArts毕业证)加利福尼亚艺术学院毕业证如何办理
CalArts毕业证学历书【微信95270640】CalArts毕业证’圣力嘉学院毕业证《Q微信95270640》办理CalArts毕业证√文凭学历制作{CalArts文凭}购买学历学位证书本科硕士,CalArts毕业证学历学位证【实体公司】办毕业证、成绩单、学历认证、学位证、文凭认证、办留信网认证、（网上可查，实体公司，专业可靠）
(诚招代理)办理国外高校毕业证成绩单文凭学位证,真实使馆公证（留学回国人员证明）真实留信网认证国外学历学位认证雅思代考国外学校代申请名校保录开请假条改GPA改成绩ID卡
1.高仿业务:【本科硕士】毕业证,成绩单（GPA修改）,学历认证（教育部认证）,大学Offer,,ID,留信认证,使馆认证,雅思,语言证书等高仿类证书；
2.认证服务: 学历认证（教育部认证）,大使馆认证（回国人员证明）,留信认证（可查有编号证书）,大学保录取,雅思保分成绩单。
3.技术服务：钢印水印烫金激光防伪凹凸版设计印刷激凸温感光标底纹镭射速度快。
办理加利福尼亚艺术学院加利福尼亚艺术学院毕业证文凭证书流程：
1客户提供办理信息：姓名生日专业学位毕业时间等（如信息不确定可以咨询顾问：我们有专业老师帮你查询）；
2开始安排制作毕业证成绩单电子图；
3毕业证成绩单电子版做好以后发送给您确认；
4毕业证成绩单电子版您确认信息无误之后安排制作成品；
5成品做好拍照或者视频给您确认；
6快递给客户（国内顺丰国外DHLUPS等快读邮寄）
-办理真实使馆公证（即留学回国人员证明）
-办理各国各大学文凭（世界名校一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度）
-全套服务：毕业证成绩单真实使馆公证真实教育部认证。让您回国发展信心十足！
（详情请加一下 文凭顾问+微信:95270640）欢迎咨询！子小伍玩小伍比山娃小一岁虎头虎脑的很霸气父亲让山娃跟小伍去夏令营听课山娃很高兴夏令营就设在附近一所小学山娃发现那所小学比自己的学校更大更美操场上还铺有塑胶跑道呢里面很多小朋友一班一班的快快乐乐原来城里娃都藏这儿来了怪不得平时见不到他们山娃恍然大悟起来吹拉弹唱琴棋书画山娃都不懂却什么都想学山娃怨自己太笨什么都不会斟酌再三山娃终于选定了学美术当听说每月要交元时父亲犹豫了山娃也说爸算了吧咱学校一学期才转
DESIGN AND MANUFACTURE OF CEILING BOARD USING SAWDUST AND WASTE CARTON MATERI...
The need for ecofriendly materials as building materials in this century cannot be overemphasized
smart pill dispenser is designed to improve medication adherence and safety f...
Smart Pill Dispenser that boosts medication adherence, empowers patients, enables remote monitoring, enhances safety, reduces healthcare costs, and contributes to data-driven healthcare improvements
Assistant Engineer (Chemical) Interview Questions.pdf
These are interview questions for the post of Assistant Engineer (Chemical)
FULL STACK PROGRAMMING - Both Front End and Back End
This ppt gives details about Full Stack Programming and its basics.
Impartiality as per ISO /IEC 17025:2017 Standard
This document provides basic guidelines for imparitallity requirement of ISO 17025. It defines in detial how it is met and wiudhwdih jdhsjdhwudjwkdbjwkdddddddddddkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwioiiiiiiiiiiiii uwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwhe wiqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqq gbbbbbbbbbbbbb owdjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjj widhi owqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqq uwdhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhwqiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiw0pooooojjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjj whhhhhhhhhhh wheeeeeeee wihieiiiiii wihe
e qqqqqqqqqqeuwiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiqw dddddddddd cccccccccccccccv s w c r
cdf cb bicbsad ishd d qwkbdwiur e wetwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww w
dddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddfffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffw
uuuuhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhe qiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii iqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqq eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee qqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccc ccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccc bbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbu uuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuum
m
m mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm m i
g i dijsd sjdnsjd ndjajsdnnsa adjdnawddddddddddddd uw
原版制作(Humboldt毕业证书)柏林大学毕业证学位证一模一样
原件一模一样【微信：bwp0011】《(Humboldt毕业证书)柏林大学毕业证学位证》【微信：bwp0011】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问微bwp0011
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【微bwp0011】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【微bwp0011】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
SCALING OF MOS CIRCUITS m .pptx
this ppt explains about scaling parameters of the mosfet it is basically vlsi subject
一比一原版(uofo毕业证书)美国俄勒冈大学毕业证如何办理
原版一模一样【微信：741003700 】【(uofo毕业证书)美国俄勒冈大学毕业证成绩单】【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【q微741003700】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
办理(uofo毕业证书)美国俄勒冈大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】外观非常简单，由纸质材料制成，上面印有校徽、校名、毕业生姓名、专业等信息。
办理(uofo毕业证书)美国俄勒冈大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】格式相对统一，各专业都有相应的模板。通常包括以下部分：
校徽：象征着学校的荣誉和传承。
校名:学校英文全称
授予学位：本部分将注明获得的具体学位名称。
毕业生姓名：这是最重要的信息之一，标志着该证书是由特定人员获得的。
颁发日期：这是毕业正式生效的时间，也代表着毕业生学业的结束。
其他信息：根据不同的专业和学位，可能会有一些特定的信息或章节。
办理(uofo毕业证书)美国俄勒冈大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】价值很高，需要妥善保管。一般来说，应放置在安全、干燥、防潮的地方，避免长时间暴露在阳光下。如需使用，最好使用复印件而不是原件，以免丢失。
综上所述，办理(uofo毕业证书)美国俄勒冈大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】是证明身份和学历的高价值文件。外观简单庄重，格式统一，包括重要的个人信息和发布日期。对持有人来说，妥善保管是非常重要的。
Power Electronics- AC -AC Converters.pptx
This PPT is about AC-AC Converters, including AC Voltage controllers and Cycloconverters, their types, and control.
一比一原版(爱大毕业证书)爱荷华大学毕业证如何办理
原版一模一样【微信：741003700 】【(爱大毕业证书)爱荷华大学毕业证成绩单】【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【q微741003700】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
办理(爱大毕业证书)爱荷华大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】外观非常简单，由纸质材料制成，上面印有校徽、校名、毕业生姓名、专业等信息。
办理(爱大毕业证书)爱荷华大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】格式相对统一，各专业都有相应的模板。通常包括以下部分：
校徽：象征着学校的荣誉和传承。
校名:学校英文全称
授予学位：本部分将注明获得的具体学位名称。
毕业生姓名：这是最重要的信息之一，标志着该证书是由特定人员获得的。
颁发日期：这是毕业正式生效的时间，也代表着毕业生学业的结束。
其他信息：根据不同的专业和学位，可能会有一些特定的信息或章节。
办理(爱大毕业证书)爱荷华大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】价值很高，需要妥善保管。一般来说，应放置在安全、干燥、防潮的地方，避免长时间暴露在阳光下。如需使用，最好使用复印件而不是原件，以免丢失。
综上所述，办理(爱大毕业证书)爱荷华大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】是证明身份和学历的高价值文件。外观简单庄重，格式统一，包括重要的个人信息和发布日期。对持有人来说，妥善保管是非常重要的。
Mechanical Engineering on AAI Summer Training Report-003.pdf
Mechanical Engineering PROJECT REPORT ON SUMMER VOCATIONAL TRAINING
AT MBB AIRPORT
Applications of artificial Intelligence in Mechanical Engineering.pdf
Historically, mechanical engineering has relied heavily on human expertise and empirical methods to solve complex problems. With the introduction of computer-aided design (CAD) and finite element analysis (FEA), the field took its first steps towards digitization. These tools allowed engineers to simulate and analyze mechanical systems with greater accuracy and efficiency. However, the sheer volume of data generated by modern engineering systems and the increasing complexity of these systems have necessitated more advanced analytical tools, paving the way for AI.
AI offers the capability to process vast amounts of data, identify patterns, and make predictions with a level of speed and accuracy unattainable by traditional methods. This has profound implications for mechanical engineering, enabling more efficient design processes, predictive maintenance strategies, and optimized manufacturing operations. AI-driven tools can learn from historical data, adapt to new information, and continuously improve their performance, making them invaluable in tackling the multifaceted challenges of modern mechanical engineering.
Determination of Equivalent Circuit parameters and performance characteristic...
Includes the testing of induction motor to draw the circle diagram of induction motor with step wise procedure and calculation for the same. Also explains the working and application of Induction generator
DEEP LEARNING FOR SMART GRID INTRUSION DETECTION: A HYBRID CNN-LSTM-BASED MODEL
As digital technology becomes more deeply embedded in power systems, protecting the communication
networks of Smart Grids (SG) has emerged as a critical concern. Distributed Network Protocol 3 (DNP3)
represents a multi-tiered application layer protocol extensively utilized in Supervisory Control and Data
Acquisition (SCADA)-based smart grids to facilitate real-time data gathering and control functionalities.
Robust Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are necessary for early threat detection and mitigation because
of the interconnection of these networks, which makes them vulnerable to a variety of cyberattacks. To
solve this issue, this paper develops a hybrid Deep Learning (DL) model specifically designed for intrusion
detection in smart grids. The proposed approach is a combination of the Convolutional Neural Network
(CNN) and the Long-Short-Term Memory algorithms (LSTM). We employed a recent intrusion detection
dataset (DNP3), which focuses on unauthorized commands and Denial of Service (DoS) cyberattacks, to
train and test our model. The results of our experiments show that our CNN-LSTM method is much better
at finding smart grid intrusions than other deep learning algorithms used for classification. In addition,
our proposed approach improves accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score, achieving a high detection
accuracy rate of 99.50%.
Recently uploaded (20)
OOPS_Lab_Manual - programs using C++ programming language
OOPS_Lab_Manual - programs using C++ programming language
4. Mosca vol I -Fisica-Tipler-5ta-Edicion-Vol-1.pdf
4. Mosca vol I -Fisica-Tipler-5ta-Edicion-Vol-1.pdf
DESIGN AND MANUFACTURE OF CEILING BOARD USING SAWDUST AND WASTE CARTON MATERI...
DESIGN AND MANUFACTURE OF CEILING BOARD USING SAWDUST AND WASTE CARTON MATERI...
smart pill dispenser is designed to improve medication adherence and safety f...
smart pill dispenser is designed to improve medication adherence and safety f...
Assistant Engineer (Chemical) Interview Questions.pdf
Assistant Engineer (Chemical) Interview Questions.pdf
FULL STACK PROGRAMMING - Both Front End and Back End
FULL STACK PROGRAMMING - Both Front End and Back End
1FIDIC-CONSTRUCTION-CONTRACT-2ND-ED-2017-RED-BOOK.pdf
1FIDIC-CONSTRUCTION-CONTRACT-2ND-ED-2017-RED-BOOK.pdf
Mechanical Engineering on AAI Summer Training Report-003.pdf
Mechanical Engineering on AAI Summer Training Report-003.pdf
Applications of artificial Intelligence in Mechanical Engineering.pdf
Applications of artificial Intelligence in Mechanical Engineering.pdf
Determination of Equivalent Circuit parameters and performance characteristic...
Determination of Equivalent Circuit parameters and performance characteristic...
DEEP LEARNING FOR SMART GRID INTRUSION DETECTION: A HYBRID CNN-LSTM-BASED MODEL
DEEP LEARNING FOR SMART GRID INTRUSION DETECTION: A HYBRID CNN-LSTM-BASED MODEL
5G Radio Network Througput Problem Analysis HCIA.pdf
5G Radio Network Througput Problem Analysis HCIA.pdf
X-ray machine
- 1. REPULIC OF IRAQ MINISTRY OF HIGHER EDUCATION AND SCIENTTFIC RESEARCH NORTHERN TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY ENGIEERENG TECHNICAL COLlEGE OF MOSUL ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGy DEPARTMENT OF YEAR TEST NUMBER:1 TEST NAME: X-Ray TEST DATE:16/12/2023 REPORT DATE:16/12/2023 GROUP NUMBER : The First GROUP STUDENTS NAME: 1 - نياء عمر سعيد 2 - محمود احمد حبش 3 - مومن محمد سالم 4 حيدر عمر 5 لينا مصطفئ جوهر Student name: SUPERVISOR TEACHER: Ibrahim Masoud
- 3. X ray X-ray: A type of highly sensitive electromagnetic radiation that is able to penetrate the body and is used in medical journals to photograph sex. This is a clear picture of white, airy balloon eyelashes and black balloon eyelashes.
- 4. Types and uses of X-ray machines ١ 1- A device with a fixed image for photographing limbs, the skull, and fractures. 2- A continuous device for examining the skeletal, urinary, and kidney systems. 3- A device with a moving image to examine the circulatory system and diagnose blockages in the bloodstream using a colored dye that is injected into the vein to give us a colored image so that we can diagnose the blockage. 4- A breast imaging device to diagnose and detect breast tumors. (mammography) 5- Computerized tomography.
- 5. The main parts of the X-ray machine X-Ray tupe ١ - Main power supply ٢ - Control unit ٣ - High tension generator ٤ - table and backy ٥ -
- 7. The Cathode 1 - The Anode -٢ Glass Envelope -٣ Metal Envelope -٤ Components of an x-ray tube
- 8. The cathode means the negative electrode in the tube, which is a filament It is made of tungsten, which means a filament, which is the ray film. The anode, which is the positive pole of the ray tube. It is a metal target and is tilted at a certain angle to the axis of the negative pole. The reason for its tilt is that when the electrons coming from the cathode collide with the anode, rays will be generated, so the anode is tilted towards the opening inside the tube for the rays to exit. It is preferable to The anode is rotating in order to increase the area of contact with it and for the purpose of cooling. There is oil between the metal cover and the glass cover for the purpose of cooling and increasing electrical insulation.
- 9. • How it works: Connecting the tube to a power source to the lever transformer, a high current of electrons will be generated inside the tube with the cathode, which will move towards the anode and collide with it. The electrons, as a result of the high heat generated, will be transformed into rays and exit from the designated hole in its glass cover, which is located below the anode, to the patient and to the targeted organ. The remaining rays inside the tube are absorbed by the lead- lined inner wall
- 10. X-ray matters 10 40 on the polarity of the tube KV Question: What is the maximum Freton frequency for x-rays to generate rays if a potential difference of magnitude is applied? The answer: We measure the rated voltage from KV to V 40 × 1000 =40000v F max =ev/h F max =1.6×10-19 ×40000/6.63×10-34 = 6.4×10-15 /6.63×10-34 F max=0.9×1019 HZ
- 11. X-ray matters Question: What is the magnitude of the potential difference required to apply a polar tube to generate X-rays so that they are emitted with the shortest wavelength 11 - 10 × 3.31 Answer• V=ch/eλmin =3×108×6.63×10-34/1.6×10-19×3.31×10-11 =6×10-26/1.6×10-30 =60×10-26+30/16 =3.75×104 v 11