Running Head: OUTLINE 1 OUTLINE 5 Flint Outline Cherod Jones 27 April, 2019 3. Policy Development Recommendations I. Policies should be developed to ensure all children and adults living in the affected areas undergo lead screening. II. Medicaid should be expanded to cover children and women through the age of 22 who were served by the system. III. The federal government should provide supplemental assistance to the affected population.\ IV. Ensure Flint residents receive free fresh water until the crisis is solved. V. All lead pipes in the Flint water system should be replaced with immediate effect. VI. The government should increase early childhood education resources in Michigan to mitigate cognitive, social and behavioral developmental delays. VII. A policy should be developed to identify affected children and develop individual educational plans for them. VIII. Ensure that the population has access to information and adequate resources. IX. Policies should be developed to mitigate the current state of the Flint water system. X. Increase civil penalties for state and local agencies that fail in their responsibility to ensure citizens consume clean water. XI. Give more authority to EPA to increase transparency 4. Services/Resources to address the crisis I. Provide clean water to the resident’s of Flint. II. Installation of water filters in each household in the region. III. Provide disabled and senior residents in public housing with clean water. IV. Provide National Dislocated Worker Grant to assist in recovery and humanitarian efforts as a result of the crisis (Olson et al., 2017). V. Build capacity through national service to address the water crisis. VI. Increase financial resources for drinking water infrastructure. VII. Conducting diagnostic lead sampling. VIII. Test lead filters in all households in Flint. IX. Flush out water for some minutes each day to reduce lead particles. X. Provide more financial resources to schools to enable them to provide vegetable snacks and fresh fruits to students. References Hanna-Attisha, M., LaChance, J., Sadler, R. C., & Champney Schnepp, A. (2016). Elevated blood lead levels in children associated with the Flint drinking water crisis: a spatial analysis of risk and public health response. American journal of public health, 106(2), 283-290. Butler, L. J., Scammell, M. K., & Benson, E. B. (2016). The Flint, Michigan, water crisis: a case study in regulatory failure and environmental injustice. Environmental Justice, 9(4), 93-97. Olson, T. M., Wax, M., Yonts, J., Heidecorn, K., Haig, S. J., Yeoman, D., ... & Ellis, B. R. (2017). Forensic estimates of lead release from lead service lines during the Water Crisis in Flint, Michigan. Environmental Science & Technology Letters, 4(9), 356-361. .

1. Running Head: OUTLINE 1
OUTLINE 5
Flint Outline
Cherod Jones
27 April, 2019
3. Policy Development Recommendations
I. Policies should be developed to ensure all children and adults
living in the affected areas undergo lead screening.
II. Medicaid should be expanded to cover children and women
through the age of 22 who were served by the system.
III. The federal government should provide supplemental
assistance to the affected population.
IV. Ensure Flint residents receive free fresh water until the
crisis is solved.
V. All lead pipes in the Flint water system should be replaced
with immediate effect.
VI. The government should increase early childhood education
resources in Michigan to mitigate cognitive, social and
behavioral developmental delays.
VII. A policy should be developed to identify affected children
and develop individual educational plans for them.
VIII. Ensure that the population has access to information and
adequate resources.
IX. Policies should be developed to mitigate the current state of

2. the Flint water system.
X. Increase civil penalties for state and local agencies that fail
in their responsibility to ensure citizens consume clean water.
XI. Give more authority to EPA to increase transparency
4. Services/Resources to address the crisis
I. Provide clean water to the resident’s of Flint.
II. Installation of water filters in each household in the region.
III. Provide disabled and senior residents in public housing with
clean water.
IV. Provide National Dislocated Worker Grant to assist in
recovery and humanitarian efforts as a result of the crisis
(Olson et al., 2017).
V. Build capacity through national service to address the water
crisis.
VI. Increase financial resources for drinking water
infrastructure.
VII. Conducting diagnostic lead sampling.
VIII. Test lead filters in all households in Flint.
IX. Flush out water for some minutes each day to reduce lead
particles.
X. Provide more financial resources to schools to enable them
to provide vegetable snacks and fresh fruits to students.
References
Hanna-Attisha, M., LaChance, J., Sadler, R. C., & Champney
Schnepp, A. (2016). Elevated blood lead levels in children
associated with the Flint drinking water crisis: a spatial analysis
of risk and public health response. American journal of public
health, 106(2), 283-290.
Butler, L. J., Scammell, M. K., & Benson, E. B. (2016). The
Flint, Michigan, water crisis: a case study in regulatory failure
and environmental injustice. Environmental Justice, 9(4), 93-97.
Olson, T. M., Wax, M., Yonts, J., Heidecorn, K., Haig, S. J.,
Yeoman, D., ... & Ellis, B. R. (2017). Forensic estimates of lead
release from lead service lines during the Water Crisis in Flint,
Michigan. Environmental Science & Technology Letters, 4(9),

3. 356-361.