This document discusses a case study involving an organization called West Clean that aims to address alcohol and drug abuse among youth in Baltimore. It proposes using a transactional leadership style with positive and negative reinforcements to replace the benefits youth receive from drug use and dealing. Scholarships and accommodations could be offered to those who stay clean, while those who relapse could lose these benefits. However, collaboration faces challenges from socio-political factors like distrust from the predominantly black community towards outside organizations.

1. Running Head: ORGANIZATIONAL MISSION AND
LEADERSHIP PRACTICES 1
ORGANIZATIONAL MISSION AND LEADERSHIP
PRACTICES 7
ORGANIZATIONAL MISSION AND LEADERSHIP
PRACTICES
Ashley Cook
HMSV 8404
Carolyn Allen
August 12, 2018
Introduction
The organization mission of different service organizations and
the leadership practices facilitates effective delivery of services
to the people. The mission ensures that the organization takes
part in the authorized activities without having to engage itself
in activities which might act as barriers to its success.
Leadership practices used in different organization determines
the manner in which the organization is managed therefore the
time need for it to achieve its objectives. (Burke, 2017)
The leadership practices and the mission should enable the
organization to come up with effective decisions which might

2. lead to effective delivery of services to the members of the
public. For the organizations in a given country to work
objectively for the sake of satisfying the needs of the members
of the public, the mission statement should focus on the services
delivery to the people without subjecting them to any form of
payment for the services provided at a given time.
Organizational mission and leadership practices
As a result of the ability of the American Red Cross
organization to obey the mission put in place to government its
operations; the mission has enabled the organization to
determine its direction in an effective manner, it has again led
to the ability of the organization to focus more on its future, the
mission has been providing the organization with a template for
which different decisions are made, it formed the basis for the
organization’s alignment, it welcomed helpful changes in the
organization, the strategy of the organization is shaped
accordingly and hence the it facilitates the evaluation and the
improvement of the organization thus ensuring that its
objectives and goals are achieved within the stipulated time.
Due to the ability of the American Red Cross organization to
use the leadership practices and mission effectively, the
organizational outcomes and leadership viability have been
shaped through the engagement in quality decision making
which ensure that the organization takes part in the authorized
activities under control of the set policies.
As a result of the ability of the American Red Cross
organization to focus on its mission and the leadership
practices, the employees have been encouraged to work towards
the organization’s directions. The employees are always
reminded why the organization exists therefore that motivates
them to work for the success of the organization.
The leaders in the organization ensure that the employees work
for the sake of satisfying the needs of the members of the public
as a way of keeping to the directions of the organization. When
the direction is followed, an effective destination is achieved
and therefore the members of the public are provided with

3. quality services. (Bryson, 2018)
On the other hand, the leaders and the missions shape the
organizational outcomes and leadership viability by ensuring
that the employees focus on the future of the organization my
coming up with a vision statement which controls them to work
for the success of their organization. As a result of the mission,
the employees have been informed of the nature of activities to
be carried out in each day therefore reducing the employees’
laxity in the organization.
The success of the organizational outcomes and leadership
viability is facilitated by its ability to welcome helpful changes
in the employees’ structure, aligning the employees effectively
and coming up with quality strategies which enable the
organization to actively take part in the authorized activities.
After a short period of time, the managers of the organization
ensure that evaluations are carried out for the sake of bringing
about some improvements in the manner in which services are
provided to the people in the country.
However, the leaders’ practices and the missions shape the
organizational outcomes and leadership viability through
engagement of the members of the public in the
transformational activities of the organization. The people are
consulted on different aspects which facilitate the success of the
organization.
Empirical studies
As far as my leadership theory is concerned, current empirical
studies such as surveys, discussions, ethnographical field study,
example application, Meta-analysis and experience report
ensure that the service leadership theory in the organization is
addressed in an effective manner. On matters related to the
leadership theory, the current empirical studies give out enough
information on what should be done by the leaders in the
organization to facilitate the growth of the organization.
The American Red Cross organization has been incorporating
the results from different organization undertaking similar
leadership for the purposes of delivering quality services to the

4. members of the public. The organization makes effective use of
the empirical studies therefore it has been able to satisfy the
needs of the people in different countries accordingly.
The success of the organization was achieved as a result of its
ability to reduce discriminations during the delivery of the
services. This has again been contributed by its ability to carry
out different studies therefore reducing such cases which might
have brought a big blow to the success of the organization.
(Northouse, 2018)
Content of study
Due to the application of surveys and discussion as methods of
the empirical study, the organization has been able to collect
different samples of data which enable to carry out its activities
as per the mission put in place. Due to the surveying and the
discussions carried out, the organization was able to acquire
ideas from the other human services organization which have
been successful in the current years.
Methodology
The American Red Cross organization used interviews as its
method of study to ensure that information is acquired from the
members of the public within the shortest time. The people are
interviewed on the type of challenges they experience and the
nature of the services provided by the organization. The
feedback acquired from the people is used the American Red
Cross organization to address the issues affecting the members
of the public. (Boyd, 2017)
Research results
According to the study carried out through the interview, it was
clear that the members of the public were satisfied with the
services provided by the American Red Cross organization. The
results were achieved as a result of the public participation
carried out by the organization to ensure that it achieves its
objectives within the stipulated time.
Significance of the study
The study was significant as it informed the organization on
different strategies to be taken to address the issues experienced

5. by the members of the public. Again, the study provided the
management of the organization with enough knowledge which
made it easy for it to handle the obstacles experienced
accordingly.
Lastly, the main importance of the study by the organization
was to bring about a concrete understanding to the management
for the purposes of bringing about the success of the
organization.
Conclusion
The study carried out by the organization was made to equip it
with enough knowledge which enabled it to carry out different
activities accordingly. However, for the success of the
organization to be achieved, it was the responsibility of the
management of the organization to put in consideration the
organizational mission and leadership practices. (Bolman, 2017)
References
Bolman, L. G., & Deal, T. E. (2017). Reframing organizations:
Artistry, choice, and leadership. John Wiley & Sons.
Burke, W. W. (2017). Organization change: Theory and
practice. Sage Publications.
Boyd, B., Henning, N., Reyna, E., Wang, D., Welch, M., &
Hoffman, A. J. (2017). Hybrid organizations: New business
models for environmental leadership. Routledge.
Bryson, J. M. (2018). Strategic planning for public and
nonprofit organizations: A guide to strengthening and sustaining
organizational achievement. John Wiley & Sons.
Northouse, P. G. (2018). Leadership: Theory and practice. Sage

6. publications.
IT 520 Module One Short Paper Guidelines and Rubric
This course includes five short business memos. These are
designed to actively test your understanding and to apply that
knowledge to potential real-world
situations. These writing activities also provide practice in
communicating your reasoning in a professional manner.
Prompt:
Team Building and Collaboration (Module One)
International Gadgets is a company with offices throughout the
United States and in Europe. There has been a history of
miscommunication within office
departments, between offices, and, most importantly, between
the company and its wide customer base. You have been hired
as a manager in the newly
created communications department. The purpose of your
position is to improve these problematic channels of
communications.
Company Background
International Gadgets (IG) is a multinational company of 1,300+
employees and over $4 billion in revenue. Headquartered in
Manchester, New Hampshire, the
company designs, manufactures, sells, and supports a variety of
low- and high-tech business productivity tools.

7. IG has manufacturing facilities in Detroit, Michigan, and
Shanghai, China, and sources component parts from suppliers in
Vietnam, China, Brazil, and the United
States. While IG maintains sales offices in New York, Chicago,
Los Angeles, London, Munich, Paris, Moscow, and Brussels, its
products are sold throughout the
United States and all of Europe and in China through a partner
firm. IG employs both a direct sales force targeting its top
1,000 customers as well as selling via its
website. Sales offices also include service and support
operations, managed separately from the sales teams. The
company is considering expanding more
directly into China and exploring the possibility of opening a
sales office in Beijing.
IG’s current top-selling product is the OfficeDrone, designed
for workplace monitoring. The OfficeDrone is a small
unmanned aerial vehicle for indoor use that
includes real-time video monitoring and a targetable built-in
water pistol and reservoir. The OfficeDrone is marketed to
management and security teams to
break up water cooler conversations and other non-productive
behaviors among groups of workers.
IG has introduced several new products and experienced rapid
growth during the past year with many new employees in all
departments. The management
team has greatly expanded as well, including several first-time
managers, and is experiencing difficulties in functioning as
effectively as in the past.
Communications within and between all parts of the
organization, external partners, and suppliers and customers, are
at serious risk of completely breaking
down.
In a recent example, Detroit Manufacturing was unable to meet

8. a product delivery deadline because of parts shortages from
supplies. (The component parts
originated in Brazil and had been seriously delayed due to a
dockworker’s strike at U.S. West Coast ports.) Manufacturing
believed they had informed Sales of
the delay, but Sales indicated they had never received that
information and ended up losing the customer to a competitor.
In another example, European sales
were impacted when Switzerland unexpectedly devalued its
currency, impacting IG’s profitability. Revised profitability
forecasts were provided by several of the
European sales offices, but others did not understand the
request from the corporate office due to how it was worded, and
the delay in response led to
unnecessary costs.
Your first task is to hire a small team to address these issues.
Write a report to management describing the makeup and roles
of your proposed team, what
attributes you will be looking for in team members, and what
you hope to accomplish with your new team. Be sure to offer
solid reasoning in all areas of your
report.
Rubric
Guidelines for Submission: Review the Purdue Owl: Memo
website for suggestions and formatting guidelines on memo
structure.
Critical Elements Exemplary (100%) Proficient (90%) Needs

9. Improvement (70%) Not Evident (0%) Value
Description of
Business Case
Meets “Proficient” criteria,
and ideas are substantiated
with specific and relevant
details
Accurately describes the
business case and uses specific
details in explanation
Accurately describes the
business case, but lacks
specific details in explanation
Does not accurately describe
the business
30
Recommendations Meets “Proficient” criteria
with substantial detail for the
rationale
Provides a discussion
highlighting the
recommendations, with
sufficient detail for rationale
Provides a discussion
highlighting the
recommendations, but lacks
sufficient detail for rationale

10. Does not provide a discussion
highlighting the
recommendations
30
Conclusions Meets “Proficient” criteria,
and conclusions are
substantiated with specific and
relevant research
Draws informed conclusions
that are justified with evidence
Draws logical conclusions, but
does not defend with evidence
Does not draw logical
conclusions
30
Articulation of
Response
Submission is free of errors
related to citations, grammar,
spelling, syntax, and
organization and is presented
in a professional and easy-to-
read format

11. Submission has no major
errors related to citations,
grammar, spelling, syntax, or
organization
Submission has major errors
related to citations, grammar,
spelling, syntax, or
organization that negatively
impact readability and
articulation of main ideas
Submission has critical errors
related to citations, grammar,
spelling, syntax, or
organization that prevent
understanding of ideas
10
Earned Total 100%
https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/590/03/
Running Head: ALCOHOL AND DRUG ABUSE COUNSELING
CASE STUDY 1
ALCOHOL AND DRUG ABUSE COUNSELING CASE STUDY
7

12. Alcohol and Drug Abuse Counseling Case Study
Ashley Cook
Professor Allen
HMSV8404
August 26, 2018
Alcohol and Drug Abuse Counseling Case Study
Introduction
West clean is a non-governmental organization that deals
with offering human services that serve to provide a conducive
environment to shield the youth from alcohol, substances and
drug abuse. The organization has chosen to mainly focus its
activities in Baltimore city given that it is the worst hit city by
drug abuse and alcoholism. The organization acknowledges that
crime is one of the most explicit problems in the city. The
organization as managed to successfully link the high crime
level to alcoholism and drug abuse among the youth living in
Baltimore City (Connolly & Olson, 2012). The problem is that
the youth are currently too deep in drug use and dealing such
that it has become a norm. Children leave their classrooms and
go out dealing or abusing the drugs.Leadership Theory
Applicable in the Situation
Looking at the nature of the problem and the goals and
objectives that the organization intends to fulfill, only one

13. leadership style of execution comes to mind. This is the
transaction leadership style. Transactional leadership focuses on
the supervision of a project or an organization as well as the
performance differential. In this case, the leader uses a
combination of both positive and negative reinforcements in the
shape of rewards as well as punishments in enforcing behavior
(Connolly & Olson, 2012). For instance, when the subjects show
or follow an expected desirable behavior, they receive a
positive reinforcement in the shape of a reward. When the
subject exhibits an undesired behavior, they receive a negative
reinforcement in the shape of a punishment. In the case of
Baltimore city, it is clear that the youth are getting something
that they desire from dealing and using drugs. This benefit has
to be replaced with some other benefit that arises from not
dealing or using alcohol and other drugs. Gaps That Require
Leadership
As stated earlier, the youth of Baltimore receive a benefit
from dealing drugs and abusing alcohol and other subjects. This
benefit could be in the form of the emotional tranquility that
comes with substance and drug use or the financial benefit that
comes with dealing drugs (Moos, 2017). Based on the basic
human instincts, all people want to do things that are helpful in
the society but the benefits and the costs that are attached to
each deed direct the decisions that we take. Taking this into
consideration, the youth in Baltimore just need something that
will replace their benefits leaving a choice of choosing what is
good or not good. This is where the transactional leadership
comes in.
For Instance, the organization wants to change the focus of
the youth from entering the drug league and dealing with going
to school, completing education and being successful in life.
The thing that stands between the youth and this is the money
they receive from selling drugs. To eliminate this need for
money, the organization will offer full scholarships at school
and facilitate their accommodation. The qualification for this is
staying clean from drug use and staying away from dealing

14. drugs (McColl, 2017). This will serve as the positive
reinforcement to motivate the youth to leave the drug life and
get to education. As far as negative reinforcement is concerned,
youth on the program who slide back to the drug is and dealing
will risk losing their school allowances, accommodation and at
the very extreme lose their full scholarship. This will serve as
an incentive for them to stay away from drugs.Socio-political
and Cultural Factors Affecting Collaboration of Agencies in the
Case
There are various socio-political and cultural factors that affect
collaboration of organizations in this case. Majority of the
issues are based on the fact that the city is predominantly made
up of the black community (Brown, 2010). The black
community living in the city do not trust the intentions of the
non-governmental organizations of white origins that claim to
provide human services to the city residents. This is the basis of
all the challenges facing collaboration of agencies in the
project. This limits the scope of non-governmental agencies that
are sufficiently capable of running an alcohol and drug abuse
programs in the city (Brown, 2010). Secondly, there is minimal
interactions and missing of white and black communities in the
society making it hard for the organizations to run a successful
program. Programs are viewed as intended to be used by the
black community making it look like tracking.Legal and
Economic Factors Affecting Agency Collaboration
One of the most prominent legal issue affecting
collaboration is the extent of the willingness of organizations to
be involved in student tracking. Student tracking refers to the
situation where the students are separated into different groups
according to their academic ability. Students that are excellent
are put in one group while the rest are put in another group. The
program is close to tracking given that the children that have
been most affected by alcohol and drug abuse are separated
from the rest. Under the US law, student tracking in education
based on academic ability is illegal, however, some activities
can be exempt from tracking (Brown, 2010). The agency

15. definition of tracking affects the ability of agencies to
collaborate.
The most relevant economic factor that affects the ability
of agencies to collaborate in this case is that the people in the
city have different economic abilities. Given the diversity of the
city, there are white communities that are well of and others
who are not. The same thing applies to the black communities.
However, the menace of alcohol and drug abuse does not
discriminate on this basis. Youth across the board are affected
by alcohol and drug use either through dealing or through actual
abuse. Some organization views the problem as an economic
issue while others see it as Baltimore city youth problem. This
makes the collaboration to offer human services against this
position difficult.Multisystemic and Multicultural Issues with
West Clean
There are various Multisystemic and multicultural issues
that face the organization. Multisystemic issues refer to
systemic viewpoints of the organization that do not converge
with the viewpoints of other organization. One of the
Multisystemic issues is the issue of student tracking. Given that
the organization seeks to identify the students that are affected
by alcohol and drug abuse and separate them from the rest of
the group for specialized human services, it does not view this
as tracking (Stone et al., 2012). However, the organization
around view it as pure tracking which inhibits our ability to
secure partners in the project.
The most significant multicultural impact facing this
program is that the residents of the city have different
viewpoints about the problem that West clean intends to solve.
The white community believes that the issue of alcohol and drug
abuse is a black youth problem and therefore the program
should be addressed to the black youth (Bahr et al., 2012). The
white folks do not wish for their children to be included in the
program. This affects the programs ability to attract large
volumes of youth in order to obtain a bargaining power for the
purposes of raising funds required in financing the project.Role

16. of Socio-Political and Legal Factors in Leadership Decisions
The above-stated factors are the main drivers of leadership
decision making. As far as the socio-political factors are
concerned, the apparent differences between the white
communities affect the way that the program is run in terms of
internal dynamics as well as financing (Stone et al., 2012).
However, the leadership seeks to make the program appealing to
both factions by dealing with an issue that cuts across the social
differences. The most contagious legal factor in this program is
the issue of student tracking. The decision that has been made
in response to this is that the organization wishes to go it alone
and later use the results of the program to seek partners and
financiers after they can prove a success.
Reference
Bahr, S. J., Masters, A. L., & Taylor, B. M. (2012). What works
in substance abuse treatment programs for offenders?. The
Prison Journal, 92(2), 155-174.
Brown, R. T. (2010). A systematic review of the impact of adult
drug treatment courts. Translational Research, 155(6), 263-274.
Connolly, F., & Olson, L. S. (2012). Early Elementary
Performance and Attendance in Baltimore City Schools' Pre-
Kindergarten and Kindergarten. Baltimore Education Research
Consortium.
McColl, W. D. (2017). Theory and practice in the Baltimore
City drug treatment court. In Drug Courts (pp. 3-26). Routledge.
Moos, R. H. (2017). Evaluating treatment environments: The
quality of psychiatric and substance abuse programs. Routledge.
Stone, A. L., Becker, L. G., Huber, A. M., & Catalano, R. F.
(2012). Review of risk and protective factors of substance use
and problem use in emerging adulthood. Addictive
Behaviors, 37(7), 747-775.

17. THE AMERICAN RED CROSS AND SERVANT LEADERSHIP
1
THE AMERICAN RED CROSS AND SERVANT LEADERSHIP
6
THE AMERICAN RED CROSS AND SERVANT
LEADERSHIP
Ashley Cook
HMSV 8404
Carolyn Allen
The American Red Cross and servant leadership
This organization is mainly operated and run by the volunteer
members of the public for the sake of providing services to the
members of the public. The organization helps the people in
case of occurrence of different calamities which might hinder
the people’s ways of living. The manner in which the
organization is run is facilitated by the servant leadership of the
people working for the organization thus ensuring that the
members of the public are served accordingly. The assistance

18. given to the people is provided especially during the times of
disasters like, hurricanes, fires, earthquakes and floods which
end up wasting the people’s properties. (Lingenfelter, 2018)
This organization is well known for the relief they give to the
people after they experience the disasters. It was founded in
May 1881 by Clara Barton for the sake of helping the American
who is in distress. The founder therefore paved way for the
volunteerism to happen hence ensuring that the suffering
amongst the members of the public is reduced significantly. The
organization’s effectiveness if facilitated by professionals such
as the doctors, nurses, surgeons and the fire fighters who
provide servant leadership in their practices to ensure that the
people receive quality services.
However, the manner in which the organization is operated is
controlled by its mission statement which is as follows, “The
organization ensures that human suffering is prevented and
alleviated in times of occurrence of emergencies by encouraging
different people to volunteer themselves with the help of
generosity as their controlling virtue”. The stringent principals
used by the organization do not encourage dislikes,
discrimination, negativity and prejudice as that would hinder
the effectiveness of the delivery of the services to the members
of the public.
Moreover, the American Red Cross’ servant leadership by the
members ensures that humanity is encouraged therefore
ensuring that the people’s lives are protected through the
respect to the people being provided with the services. It
provides effective priority in the cases which are the most
urgent by not condoning discrimination of the people. Again,
neutrality, impartiality, voluntary services and independence are
encouraged amongst the member so as to ensure that the people
in the society receive the best from the organization.
The independence of the organization ensures that it maintains
the needed autonomy by abiding by the laws of the country.
This enables it to receive enough support from the government
therefore making it easy for it to deliver services to the people

19. in the entire country. The relief movement by the organization
encourages the servant leadership by the members thus ensuring
that the voluntary work is carried out effectively.
The universality of the American Red Cross is facilitated by the
ability to have equal responsibilities and status with all the
societies in the entire country. On the other hand, the
organization’s vision statement is that “Through the connections
it has with different donors, partners and volunteers it has been
available to help the members of the society in case of
occurrence of disasters”. As a result of its dedication to serve
the members of the public, the organization has made different
efforts which have ensured that the people affected by the
disasters in the United States as well as the other countries in
the entire world receive quality care, hope through guidance and
counseling and shelter which enable them to live high standard
lives as they lived before. The communities of the American
Red Cross are always prepared to handle any form. This plays
an important role as it makes it easy for the people access
lifesaving blood, blood products and safe services especially
when their experience healthy issues in the country. (Tabors,
2018)
Due to the fact that the organization was developed to offer
servant leadership to the suffering in the society, the target
population benefiting from the American Red Cross is the
people affected by disasters who cannot have the ability to help
themselves after the occurrence of such calamities. It is
therefore controlled by principles such as impartiality,
humanity, neutrality, universality, unity, voluntary service and
independence which ensure the people working in it to deliver
services to the affected members of the society without have to
expect payments. (Maxwell, 2018)
The theory of servant leadership plays important roles as it
enable the people working for the American Red Cross to listen
and practice mindfulness which makes it for the services to be
provided to the people. When the people are listened to, the
workers in the American Red Cross become aware of the

20. challenges and the barriers which the people are facing hence
coming up with a strategy to reduce the people’s suffering. The
listening by the leaders again helps in exposing the prejudice
which might affect the manner in which the leader carry out
different tasks for the sake of ensuring that the people’s needs
are addressed in the most effective way possible.
As far as the leadership theory in the organization is concerned,
the leaders are skilled enough and they therefore ensure that the
people are not asked for payment after certain services are
provided to them. This plays a significant role in providing
equality due to the fact that the American Red Cross is
supported and funded by volunteers who are well-wishers for
the sake of ensuring that the needy in the society do not suffer
for the rest of their lives. For the leaders found violating the
policies of the organization, disciplinary actions are taken
against them thus acting as a warning to the others. (DeFrank-
Cole, 2018)
Due to the fact that the organization is a human services
organization, the servant leadership ensures that the people are
willing and ready to serve the public in any time the emergency
occurs. As a result of such acts, the service delivery processes
of the organization are made effective therefore reducing the
suffering of the people.
The servant leadership as used by the American Red Cross
portrays values of diverse opinions, cultivates a culture of trust
whereby different tasks can be carried out without maximum
supervision, development of other leaders in the organization,
help the members of the public in their life issues, he
encourages the other leaders to deliver the services effectively,
the leaders think more about helping the people in the society
and they therefore act with humility to ensure that the people
are served in the best way possible.
The values of the leaders in the organization play significant
roles in ensuring that the manner in which the delivery of
services is carried out conforms to the policies of the
organization. The American Red Cross should therefore develop

21. strategies in which the beneficiaries of the services provided by
the organization are involved in the delivery of the services to
the other suffering individuals in the society. The values of
leadership theory ensure that the leaders work without having to
be supervised by the superiors in the organization. (Schindler,
2018)
References
Schindler, C. E. (2018). Early Public-Private Partnerships for
Public Diplomacy. In The Origins of Public Diplomacy in US
Statecraft (pp. 111-144). Palgrave Macmillan, Cham.
Lingenfelter, S. G. (2018). Leadership in the Way of the Cross:
Forging Ministry from the Crucible of Crisis. Wipf and Stock
Publishers.
DeFrank-Cole, L., & DeFrank, E. H. (2018). Matrilineal Stories
of Leadership. Women's Leadership Journeys: Stories,
Research, and Novel Perspectives, 2.
Maxwell, J. C. (2018). Developing the Leader Within You 2.0.
HarperCollins Leadership.
Tabors, C. (2018). A Voice for the" Least of These:" Eleanor
Roosevelt's Servant Leadership. Servant Leadership: Theory &
Practice, 5(1), 2.