P. Shafer ENGL 2320 World Lit II page 1 Dr. Shafer | TSU | Fall 2017 | ENGL 2320: World Lit II | W 5:30-8:30pm AWC 287 | Homework 4 PURPOSE(S) KNOWLEDGE + SKILLS  Competency 1: Texts as Expressive Forms  Competency 3: Global Diversity  Competency 4: Texts Shape the World  Competency 6: Critical Methods and MLA TASK(S) WRITING  Write a 2-page personal response to the following prompt: o What are three specific ways that the first four weeks of this course have helped you understand how to annotate, interpret, and analyze poetry better? Make sure to include (at least) one reference to each of the following in your written response:  literal language vs. figurative language  denotation vs. connotation  oppositional binaries NOTE: Make sure to include examples for EVERY single point that you make. These examples can be taken from existing poems (which would require an in-text citation and a Works Cited entry) or made up by you. CRITERIA  Complete your written responses in a Word doc and submit it to the Homework 4 dropbox by 11:59pm Tue, Sep 19.  Hard copies will also be accepted (in class on Wed, Sep 20), but dropbox submissions are preferred.  The work should be formatted according to MLA guidelines: double-spaced throughout, last name + page number header at top right, four lines of information on top left, title centered below information, all paragraphs left justified with first-line indentions, etc. (google OWL MLA for additional help with MLA).  It can be turned in late (with a letter grade penalty each week it is late). Memo  Format  Description,  ENGR  2367   Page  1   To:      Name(s)  of  reader(s)/audience     From:            Name(s)  of  writer(s)   Date:              May  6,  2017  (always  write  out  the  month;  do  not  include  superscript  on  date)     Subject:      Example  memo  format,  including  tips  and  directions         This  document  is  an  example  of  the  format  for  a  typical  memo  for  this  class.    Always  begin  your  memos  with   a  brief  description  of  its  purpose  and  scope.  The  text  below  provides  directions  for  how  to  format  the   memo’s  text  and  information  about  images  and  citations.     Memo  text  basics   Notice  that  there  is  more  white  space  before  the  heading  above  than  after.    The  white  space  is  one  way  to   help  visually  organize  the  information,  thus  helping  the  reader  to  find  the  information  they  seek.    Use  this  as   a  guide  for  headings  in  memos  and  other  documents  for  this  course.       Helping  the  re.

1. P. Shafer ENGL 2320 World Lit II page 1
Dr. Shafer | TSU | Fall 2017 | ENGL 2320: World Lit II | W
5:30-8:30pm AWC 287 | Homework 4
PURPOSE(S)
KNOWLEDGE + SKILLS
TASK(S)
WRITING
-page personal response to the following prompt:
o What are three specific ways that the first four weeks of this
course have helped you understand how
to annotate, interpret, and analyze poetry better? Make sure to
include (at least) one reference to
each of the following in your written response:

2. binaries
NOTE: Make sure to include examples for EVERY single point
that you make. These examples can
be taken from existing poems (which would require an in-text
citation and a Works Cited entry) or
made up by you.
CRITERIA
ten responses in a Word doc and submit it
to the Homework 4 dropbox by 11:59pm
Tue, Sep 19.
but dropbox submissions are preferred.
es:
double-spaced throughout, last name + page
number header at top right, four lines of information on top left,
title centered below information, all
paragraphs left justified with first-line indentions, etc. (google
OWL MLA for additional help with MLA).
it is late).

3. Memo
Format
Description,
ENGR
2367
Page
1
To:
Name(s)
of
reader(s)/audience
From:
Name(s)
of
writer(s)
Date:

4. May
6,
2017
(always
write
out
the
month;
do
not
include
superscript
on
date)
Subject:
Example
memo
format,
including
tips
and
directions

5. This
document
is
an
example
of
the
format
for
a
typical
memo
for
this
class.
Always
begin
your
memos
with
a
brief
description
of
its
purpose
and
scope.
The
text
below
provides
directions

6. for
how
to
format
the
memo’s
text
and
information
about
images
and
citations.
Memo
text
basics
Notice
that
there
is
more
white
space
before
the
heading
above
than
after.
The

7. white
space
is
one
way
to
help
visually
organize
the
information,
thus
helping
the
reader
to
find
the
information
they
seek.
Use
this
as
a
guide
for
headings
in
memos
and
other
documents

8. for
this
course.
Helping
the
reader
to
get
the
message
is
the
prime
objective
of
technical
communication.
• For
this
course,
memo
text
should
be
in
standard
font
style

9. and
11-­‐12
point
font
size.
• Headings
should
be
in
12-­‐14
point
font
size
and
bolded.
Every
memo
should
feature
headings.
• Memos
use
a
blocked
style:
paragraphs
are
not
indented,
and

10. there’s
a
line
of
white
space
between
paragraphs.
• Paragraphs
should
be
short;
7-­‐10
physical
lines
long
is
the
typical
maximum.
• Memos
longer
than
one
page
must
include
a

11. footer
listing
page
number
and
title
or
purpose
of
the
memo.
Memos
often
contain:
• Bulleted
lists
• Numbered
lists
• Color
for
emphasis
• Images,
charts,
tables
and
other

12. visuals
with
clear
labels
and
descriptive
captions
Information
about
citations
It
is
vital
to
your
academic
and
career
success
that
you
provide
information
about
where
you
have
found
information
and

13. images
of
any
kind
that
you
use
in
your
assignments.
In
the
USA,
citing
your
sources
is
required
in
any
academic
or
work
environment.
NB:
Most
memos
for
this
class
will
not
require
citations.

14. Therefore,
cite
every
source
of
information
that
you
have
directly
quoted,
summarized,
or
paraphrased
from
any
credible
source
using
APA
Citation
Format.
If
in
doubt,
cite
the
source,
even

15. if
your
source
is
me!
However,
in
general,
for
this
course,
your
memos
will
only
rarely
have
anything
to
cite.
You
can
find
information
about
paraphrasing
and
summarizing
at
this
address:

16. https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/section/2/9/
Information
about
APA
can
be
found
on
the
OSU
Libraries
website,
Citation
Guides
area,
on
our
Carmen
site,
or
in
your
textbook
Appendix,
or
at
the
Purdue
University
Online
Writing

17. Lab
(OWL):
https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/01/
https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/section/2/9/
https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/01/
Memo
Format
Description,
ENGR
2367
Page
2
NB:
If
you
wish
to
use
IEEE
citation

18. format,
please
discuss
this
with
me.
It
may
be
reasonable
to
do
so,
but
I
must
be
notified
of
your
interest
in
advance.
IEEE
format
is
described
in
your
textbook
appendix.

19. There
are
easy-­‐to-­‐use
web
interfaces
for
formatting
bibliographic
information
in
APA
format.
Be
sure
when
using
any
service
to
help
you
build
a
Works
Cited
list
to
choose
APA
format.
Please
note:

20. citation
generators
can
be
useful,
but
they
can
often
have
missing
information
as
well.
Always
double
check
any
citation
before
submitting
an
assignment.
See
Figure
1
below
as
is
example

21. of
an
image
inserted
into
this
memo
and
labeled
with
a
Figure
number
and
caption.
Figure
1:
Bibme.org
website
banner
(n.d.)
Below

22. is
an
example
of
an
image
reference
for
the
image
inserted
above.
The
citation
below
is
an
example
of
a
Citation
that
would
appear
on
a
References
list.
A
References

23. list
for
APA
format
is
arranged
in
alphabetical
order
using
the
author’s
last
name
or
the
first
word
of
the
title.
In
a
memo,
the
References
usually
come
at
the
very
end
of
the

24. document,
after
the
conclusion
(see
the
References
list
example
below
the
conclusion).
Conclusion
Always
provide
some
type
of
conclusion
for
each
memo.
This
does
not
have
to
be
very
long,
but

25. it
should
do
more
than
simply
regurgitate
the
content
of
the
memo.
See
the
paragraph
below
for
what
a
conclusion
for
this
specific
memo
might
look
like.
This
memo
has
provided

26. the
reader
with
details
about
memo
format
and
content
for
ENGR
2367.
Though
many
of
the
conventions
highlighted
in
this
document
are
common
across
contexts—such
as
purpose
statements,
headings,
and
block
formatting—some
details
are

27. unique
to
our
particular
context.
Always
be
sure
to
confirm
the
format
and
content
expectations
when
composing
a
memo
for
a
different
course
or
in
the
workplace.
References

28. BibMe:
The
Fast
&
Easy
Bibliography
Maker
(n.d.).
BibMe
Organization:
Fast
&
Easy
Bibliography
Maker
Retrieved
January
2,
2012,
from
http://www.bibme.org/
http://www.bibme.org/
Hiring Recommendation Memo Assignment Description

29. ENGR 2367 • Herman
ENGR 2367 • Herman
Page 4
Hiring Recommendation Memo Components
Points Per Component
Hiring Processes Recommendation Memo
100 points
Complete Draft of Proposal and Peer Review
25 points
Diversity Reflection Memo
30 points
You have received an email from your boss (attached) asking
you to do some preliminary reading, perform additional
research, and write a recommendation report for an internal
committee. This is your chance to shine with members of the
leadership team!
Purpose
The purpose of this assignment is to:
· Engage critically with issues of diversity and access in
professional situations and workplace environments in the
United States;
· Read and synthesize information from various sources;
· Produce clear, concise writing based on an understanding and
analysis of source material, using evidence to support your
claims effectively;
· Format documents for readability and learn the conventions of
writing professional memos
Audience
Your audience is your boss and the managers and decision-
makers responsible for creating and implementing hiring
processes and policies at your place of work. Consider how you
can organize the document and use typography and visual
hierarchy to highlight the most important concepts. Consider,

30. too, how you can explain the relationship between the source
information and the values and interests of your company and
their goals.
General Requirements
· Write a 2-3 page memo, single-spaced, 11 point
Calibri/12point Times New Roman (or comparable), 1” margins,
left-aligned paragraphs, single space between paragraphs.
· Follow appropriate memo conventions as discussed in class.
Refer to pp. 371-374 in TC for additional information. Be sure
to include the general headings with a specific, pertinent subject
line (“Recommendation Memo” is not a compelling title) and a
clear statement of purpose introducing what the memo will
discuss or propose.
· Include headings appropriate to a recommendation report
(summary, discussion, recommendation) and any additional
subheadings necessary to increase your report’s readability.
See: OWL Purdue’s discussion of the summary and discussion
segments of a memo. Remember that in order to write a
coherent summary, you must understand the content of the
original sources and be able to identify the main points and
evidence for or illustrations of those points. Take careful notes
as you read your articles. See pp. 610-613 in TC for help with
summarizing.
· Use 1st person (“I recommend…” “we should…”) to clearly
and professionally articulate your perspective
· Write well – use specific vocabulary, support your claims with
(cited) evidence, be thoughtful in your analysis and discussion.
· Enhance your analysis with at least two additional sources of
information
· Clearly cite your sources using APA style citations, including
quotations and paraphrased material. See pp. 614-632 in TC. Be
sure to include your references at the end of your memo.
· Draft the memo entirely before attending to formatting and
editing. The final version should be a well-crafted document.
Always double check formatting and proofread documents

31. before turning in for a grade
Instructions for Writing the Recommendation Memo
Step 1: Understand Context and Background
Carefully read the attached email from your boss, including the
provided links. You should also review the company’s profile
sheet. Take careful notes; create an outline of the main points
and key information contained in the articles your boss
provided.
Capture any specific quotes or information that stand out in the
provided articles. You will need to scan all articles and then
narrow your focus to one or two that you want to use in your
memo.
Ask yourself, “What is my boss asking me to address? What
information do I need in order to successfully respond to this
request? What gaps in understanding or questions do I have
about diversity? What preconceptions or bias do I have related
to this issue?”
Step 2: Find Additional Information & Resources
Once you have developed an understanding of the context for
your boss’s request, spend some time searching for answers to
those questions or additional information that will help you
form your recommendation.
HINT: If the articles provided by your boss cite other sources,
start there. Take notes and keep track of your sources as you go
along. Your goal is to find two additional sources of
information to enhance your understanding of the issue and
develop and deepen your own analysis. You will want these
sources to be compelling and persuasive for your audience.

32. Step 3: Draft the Memo
Now, draft your recommendation report in the form of a memo
as directed by your boss. Consider this a freestanding report.
Remember to carefully support your recommendations based on
your research from Step 2.
As you write, also think about employing writing strategies that
support the purpose. You want the information to be easily
accessible for your reader, easy to understand the first time
through, and engaging. Use the following formatting elements
(as appropriate) to assist:
· Bulleted lists
· Short paragraphs (7-10 lines max)
· Clear, engaging topic sentences and transition statements
· Meaningful title and headings
NOTE: There is more than one right way to approach this
assignment. Based on your interests and the focus of your
investigation, you might end up with very different
recommendations than your classmates – that is okay.
Your goal is to produce a concise set of ideas for ways to
transform hiring practices, given what you know about the
boss’s goals and the company’s situation.
From: Your Boss [email protected]

33. Date: Friday, September 1, 2017 at 1:23pm
To: You [email protected]
Subject: Hiring Practices Recommendation Requested
Hello,
As you heard in the annual meeting last week, we are poised for
growth across all divisions in the next 18-24 months. Our aim is
to increase our number of employees by about 150% so we can
better support our clients’ needs and take advantage of some
key opportunities. As a result, our hiring practices are an area
of focus and concerns that require scrutiny and re-evaluation.
The newly formed Leadership in Hiring Committee is asking
you to take the lead on conducting a preliminary investigation
on best practices for hiring and recruitment to ensure that we
are establishing processes that will make our company
competitive during this growth phase and beyond.
Since we have grown rapidly from a small start-up over the past
3 years, our hiring practice have been based on filling
immediate needs, which means that we have often found and
hired new employees through the connections and
recommendations of current employees. Our core team is strong
but this habit has limited the diversity of our pool of potential
employees, and I think we can all notice that many of our teams
are homogenous.
The lack of diversity (in the many sense of the word) is not
unique to our company; it is something most tech companies
struggle with. However, the homogeneity is a risk not only for
the industry but specifically for our company, and we need to
do more than simply talk about diversity. We risk missing out
on new ideas and innovation, and we risk losing opportunities
with our current and new clients if we don’t better reflect the
diversity in our community and industry. It has been
consistently shown that a diverse workforce is more innovative

34. and adaptable, and diversity tends to breed better decision-
making. Our task now is to establish a proactive and progressive
hiring process that will help us achieve our goals.
Please research this issue and make an initial recommendation
for some core policies and practices relating to recruitment and
evaluating candidates that we might adopt, from reviewing
applications through the interview process. You should take
some time to explore options, innovations, and industry best
practices, keeping in mind that we are trying to achieve the
following:
· Build a diverse workforce in terms of basic demographics, but
also allow for diversity of expertise and skillsets, including
issues of disability and invisible differences. We want out team
to be reflective of the diversity in our community and better
match the profile of the talent pipeline, and we want to actively
combat the impact of unconscious biases (including biases that
seep into our technology) on our decision-making. The National
Science Foundation is just one of the organizations committed
to this issue, recently awarding a grant to address bias in
computer programs.
· Be competitive and forward thinking in our recruiting
practices to attract the best talent and create an environment
ripe for innovation. As part of this, we want our hiring and
recruiting practices to have a positive impact on the diversity of
the talent pipeline itself as we plan for the future.
· Establish our reputation in the industry and community as a
positive and inclusive workplace. Our teams should be made of
up of the best talent. We want to create an environment that is
inclusive and welcoming, where individuals can do their best
work and they want to do their best work.
We do not intend for this examination of our hiring practices to
be superficial or one-dimensional. There are serious dangers in
using “diversity” as an empty buzzword or marketing ploy. One
way to ensure our focus on diversity has the intended impact of

35. improving our company is to have conversations about ways to
promote inclusivity in our company culture and reduce the role
of unintended bias in our decision-making. However, turning
the focus to our hiring process is a critical first step.
Plan to submit your recommendations as memo to the
Leadership in Hiring Committee. We may schedule a follow-up
meeting to discuss your findings, but the memo should stand
alone to thoroughly explain and support the reasoning behind
your recommendations. The company fact sheet is attached and
I have linked several articles throughout this email that I have
found useful. I expect that you will easily find more, as this is a
much-talked-about topic in recent years.
Thank you in advance for your attention to this important
matter. Let me or members of the Leadership Team know if you
have any questions.
Regards,
Your Boss

36. iNOVA
where innovative tech meets social responsibility
2359 Executive Parkway
Columbus, Ohio 43215
Mission: iNova is a local company invested in the continued
growth of our Columbus, Ohio community.
We strive to be a global leader in bridging the gap between
humanitarian ideas and the tech designs
necessary to make those ideas a reality.
Founded: 2013
Employees: 103
Employees by Job Title
Executive Leadership 3
Leadership/Management 10
Technical 50
Administrative/Support 14
Marketing/Customer Service 26

37. Ethnicity
Number of Employees
Employee Ethnicity Demographics