MCRB gave talks on 2nd and 3rd February to Yadanabon University (Mandalay) and Mandalay University students.

1. Managing social and environmental impacts
of business:
the role for universities in Myanmar
www.mcrb.org.mm
myanmar.responsible.business
Vicky Bowman, Director, MCRB
Mandalay University, 2 February 2016

2. Current core
funders:
• UK DFID
• DANIDA
• Norway
• Switzerland
• Netherlands
• Ireland
www.myanmar-responsiblebusiness.org
15 Shan Yeiktha Street, Sanchaung, Yangon
Tel/Fax: 01 510069Founders:
MCRB Objective
To provide an effective and legitimate
platform for the creation of
knowledge, capacity and dialogue
concerning responsible business in
Myanmar, based on local needs and
international standards, that results in
more responsible business practices.
ပို၍တာဝန္ယူမႈရွိေသာ
စီပြားေရးအေလ့အက်င့္မ်ား ျဖစ္ထြန္းလာေစရန္၊
ႏိုင္ငံတကာအဆင့္အတန္းမ်ား၊
ေဒသလိုအပ္ခ်က္မ်ားအေပၚမူတည္၍
ျမန္မာႏိုင္ငံ၌ တာဝန္ယူမႈရွိေသာ အသိပညာ၊
စြမ္းေဆာင္ရည္ႏွင့္ စကားဝိုင္းမ်ား
ျဖစ္ေပၚလာေစရန္အတြက္ ထိေရာက္ေသာ
တရားဝင္ အခင္းအက်ဥ္းတစ္ခု ပံ့ပိုးေပးရန္။

3.  MCRB defines ‘responsible business’ as
‘business activities that work for the long-
term interests of Myanmar and all its
people’.
 MCRB ၏အဓိပၸါယ္ဖြင့္ဆိုခ်က္
“ျမန္မာျပည္သူျပည္သားမ်ား၏ ေရရွည္အက်ိဳးစီးပြားမ်ား
အတြက္ ေဆာင္ရြက္ေသာစီးပြားေရးလုပ္ငန္းမ်ား

4.  Obeys the law ဥပေဒကိုေလးစားလိုက္နာ
 Doesn’t pay bribes or tea money လာဘ္ေပးလာဘ္ယူ (သို႔)
လက္ဖက္ရည္ဖိုးေပးတာမ်ိဳးမလုပ္
 Respects its employees ၎၏အလုပ္သမားမ်ားကိုေလးစား
 Respects the environment သဘာ၀ပါတ္၀န္းက်င္ကိုေလးစား
 Treats other businesses responsibly အျခားစီးပြားေရးမ်ားကို တာ၀န္ယူမႈ၊
တာ၀န္သိမႈျဖင့္ဆက္ဆံ
 Treats its customers responsibly ၎၏ Customer (ေစ်း၀ယ္သူ
ေဖာက္သည္)မ်ားကို တာ၀န္ယူမႈ၊ တာ၀န္သိမႈျဖင့္ဆက္ဆံ
 Pays its taxes အခြန္ေဆာင္
 Transparent ပြင့္လင္းျမင္သာမႈ
 Responds to and engages with stakeholders သက္ဆိုင္သူမ်ားႏွင့္
ခ်ိတ္ဆက္ေဆာင္ရြက္
 Respects human rights လူ႔အခြင့္အေရးမ်ားကိုေလးစား

5. http://www.myanmar-
responsiblebusiness.org/fact-sheets/

6. Other MCRB Bilingual/Burmese resources
www.mcrb.org.mm
myanmar.responsible.business

7. Download the Myanmar O&G SWIA:
•Full Report (234 pages/20.9mb)
•Cover, Acknowledgements, TOC
•Executive Summary
•Part 1: Introduction
•Part 2: Government Structure and Legal
Framework
•Part 3: Sector-Level Impacts
•Part 4: Project-Level Impacts (also download
individual chapters below)
•Part 4.1: Stakeholder Engagement & Grievance
Mechanisms
•Part 4.2: Communities
•Part 4.3: Land
•Part 4.4: Labour
•Part 4.5: Ethnic Minority Groups / Indigenous
Peoples
•Part 4.6: Groups at Risk
•Part 4.7: Security
•Part 4.8: Environment
•Part 5: Cumulative-Level
•Part 6: Region-Specific Conflict Considerations
– Rakhine and Tanintharyi
•Part 7: Recommendations
•Annexes
Oil and Gas Sector Wide Impact
Assessment (SWIA)

8. • MCRB has published Tourism and ICT Sector-
Wide Impact Assessments (SWIAs)
• Mining is coming soon……..

9. 1. Engagement with stakeholders by business has
historically been almost completely absent
2. Myanmar’s extractive industries are inevitably
associated with conflict
3. Land is possibly the most complex challenge
any business investing in Myanmar will face
4. During the transition, Government and
businesses need to take steps to fill the
existing gaps in Myanmar’s legislative
framework for the protection of the
environment and human rights.
…accompanied by more detailed findings and
associated recommendations to government,
companies, civil society, donors, investors…….

10. 2012 Environmental Conservation
Law
2014 Environmental Conservation
Rules
2015 Environmental Impact
Assessment (EIA) Procedures

12. (h) Environmental Impact means the probable effects or consequence on the natural
and built environment, and people and communities of a proposed Project or businesses
or activities or undertaking. Impacts can be direct or indirect, cumulative, and positive or
adverse or both. For purposes of this Procedure, Environmental Impacts include
occupational, social, cultural, socio-economical, public and community health, and safety
issues. Moreover, social impacts include Involuntary Resettlement and relating to
Indigenous People.
Myanmar EIA procedure MOECAF Notification 616/2015 29 Dec 2015

13. 1. Avoid
2. Prevent
3. Reduce
4. Mitigate or
5. Compensate
Identify and
assess impact
သက္ေရာက္မႈမ်ား
ကို သံုးသပ္ေလ့လာ
ေဖာ္ထုတ္ျခင္း
1. ေရွာင္ရွားရန္
2. တားဆီးရန္
3. ေလ်ာ့နည္းေစရန္
4. ၿငိမ္းေအးေစ (သို႕)
5. ထိခုိက္မႈအတြက္
ေပးေလ်ာ္ရန္
Impact Mitigation Hierarchy

14. What happens if you don’t systematically consult the public?

15. What happens if you don’t require a company to manage its
environmental impacts?
Heinda
Mine (Tin),
near
Dawei

16. The Letpadaung ESIA is one of the few Myanmar EIAs you can read online

17. Mining projects Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) Requires EIA
1.Extraction of Rock, Gravel or Sand from a River or
Marine Waters
≥ 1,000 m3/a but
< 50,000 m3/a
≥ 50,000 m3/a
1.Construction, Building and Ceramic Minerals
Extraction (aggregates, limestone, slates, clay,
gypsum, feldspar, silica sands, granite, kaolin,
bentonite, marble, and quartzite)
< 200 acre
and
< 100,000 t/a
≥ 200 acre
or
≥ 100,000 t/a
1.Extraction and Refining of Industrial Minerals
(barite, fluorite, phosphate, potash, salt, soda ash,
asbestos)
< 200 acre
and
< 100,000 t/a ore
≥ 200 acre
or
≥ 100,000 t/a ore
1.Extraction of Ferrous, Non-Ferrous Metal and
Precious Metal Ore Except Gold (iron, manganese,
silver, copper, tin, antimony, lead, nickel, zinc,
chromium, bauxite), and Precious Stone
< 50 acre
and
< 50,000 t/a
≥ 200 acre
or
≥ 50,000 t/a
1.Refining of Metal Mineral Ore (without using
hazardous chemicals)
< 50,000 t/a ≥ 50,000 t/a
1.Refining of Metal Mineral Ore (using hazardous
chemicals)
< 25,000 t/a ≥ 25,000 t/a
1.Extraction and Refining of Gold Ore (without using
hazardous chemicals)
< 20 acre ≥ 20 acre
1.Extraction and Refining of Gold Ore (using
hazardous chemicals)
< 20 acre
and
< 25,000 t/a
≥ 20 acre
or
≥ 25,000 t/a
1.Coal Mining (underground and surface) < 100,000 t/a coal ≥ 100,000 t/a coal
1.Mining, including Dredging of Heavy Mineral Sands
(tungsten,ilmenite,rutile,zircon, titanium, monazite)
≥ 1,000 m3/a but
< 50,000 m3/a
≥ 50,000 m3/a
Annex 1 to EIA procedures, MOECAF Notification 616/2015, 29 Dec 2015

18. SCREENING
INITIAL ENVIRONMENTAL
EXAMINATION
ENVIRONMENTAL
IMPACT ASSESSMENT
NO SIGNIFICANT
IMPACT
Investigations &
Reporting
Review & Approval
Process
Investigations &
Reporting
Review & Approval
Process
Appeal Process
Scoping
Environmental Compliance
Certificate (ECC)
ECC RejectOTHER
PERMITTING
PROCESSES
Public
Public
Public
Public
Public

19.  Qualified consultants, on behalf of the project
developer
Myanmar consultants include
• Resources Environment Myanmar (REM)
• EQM Myanmar Ltd
• E-Guard

20. Extract from the draft EIA Consultant
Registration Procedures, MOECAF
EIA companies need to recruit and train Myanmar experts..

21. 1. Executive Summary
2. Introduction
3. Policy, Legal and Institutional Framework
4. Project Description and Alternative Selection
5. Description of the Surrounding Environment
6. Impact and Risk Assessment and Mitigation Measures
7. Cumulative Impact Assessment
8. Environmental Management Plan
9. Public Consultation and Disclosure
Contents of an Environmental Impact Assessment

22. 5. Description of the Surrounding Environment
5.4 Legally protected national, regional or state areas, including without limitation: (i)
forest conservation areas (including biodiversity reserved areas); (ii) public forests; (iii) parks
(including marine parks); (iv) mangrove swamps; (v) any other sensitive coastal areas; (vi)
wildlife sanctuaries; (vii) scientific reserves; (viii) nature reserves; (ix) geophysically significant
reserves; (x) any other nature reserve nominated by the Minister; (xi) protected cultural
heritage areas; and (xii) protected archeological areas or areas of historical significance.
What kind of graduates do the consultants need?

23. 5. Description of the Surrounding Environment
5.5 Physical Components: Description with data and maps of (i)
topography; (ii) water resources; (iii) geology and soils, hydrology/hydrogeology;
(iv) environmental quality; (v) climate; (vi) vegetation cover; and (vii) natural
hazards including earthquakes, tsunamis, extreme weather events, flooding,
drought, wildfires and others
What kind of graduates do the consultants need?

24. 5. Description of the Surrounding Environment
5.10 Cultural Components: Description and maps of cultural, historical, and
religious sites, structures and objects, and objects with high aesthetic value;
description of traditional knowledge and beliefs, and cultural practices
What kind of graduates do the consultants need?

25.  To manage the environmental and social
impacts of business we need :
o Good baseline data
o Expert researchers
o Businesspeople and Journalists who understand these
issues
o Government officials who can make and enforce
effective laws to protect human rights and the
environment
o NGO and community activists who can hold the
companies and government to account
◦You!

26. www.mcrb.org.mm
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