SPECIFIC LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
At the end of this module you MUST be able to:
1. Identify the different feasibility studies that could be used by the systems
analyst.
2. Describe and differentiate each feasibility study.
3. Use and apply a certain and appropriate feasibility study according to the
needs of the organization’s information system being developed.
TOPIC:
1. Technical feasibility
2. Operational feasibility
3. Economic feasibility
4. Cost-benefit study
5. Market analysis
1. Module Title: RESEARCH PROJECT
Module Content: FEASIBILITY STUDY
Developer: Ms. Eliza M. Pascual
2. Specific Learning Objectives
1
Identify the different feasibility studies that
could be use by the systems analyst.
2 Describe and differentiate each feasibility
study.
3
Use and apply a certain and appropriate feasibility study
according to needs of the organization’s information system
being developed.
4. 1 Data Flow Diagram : PROCESS
2 Data Flow Diagram : DATA FLOWS
3 Data Flow Diagram : DATA STORES
4 Data Flow Diagram : EXTERNAL ENTITIES
5 Data Flow Diagram : CONTEXT DIAGRAM
6. can be considered as preliminary investigation that helps the
management to take decision about whether study of system should be
feasible for development or not.
7. It investigates the technical feasibility of each implementation
alternative.
It analyzes and determines whether the solution can be supported by
existing technology or not.
The analyst determines whether current technical resources be
upgraded or added it that fulfill the new requirements.
It ensures that the candidate system provides appropriate responses
to what extent it can support the technical enhancement.
1. Technical Feasibility
8. It determines whether the system is operating effectively once it is
developed and implemented.
It ensures that the management should support the proposed system
and its working feasible in the current organizational environment.
It analyzes whether the users will be affected and they accept the
modified or new business methods that affect the possible system
benefits.
It also ensures that the computer resources and network architecture
of candidate system are workable.
2. Operational Feasibility
9. It is evaluating the effectiveness of candidate system by using cost/benefit
analysis method.
It demonstrates the net benefit from the candidate system in terms of benefits
and costs to the organization.
The main aim of Economic Feasibility Analysis (EFS) is to estimate the economic
requirements of candidate system before investments funds are committed to
proposal.
It prefers the alternative which will maximize the net worth of organization by
earliest and highest return of funds along with lowest level of risk involved in
developing the candidate system.
3. Economic Feasibility
10. process for evaluating the merits of a good particular project
in a systematic way in terms of cost and benefit of the project.
an economic evaluation technique that measures all the
positive (beneficial) and negative (costly) consequences of an
intervention or program in monetary terms.
4. Cost Benefit Analysis
Total Profit
Total Cost
Lifetime benefits – Lifetime costs
Lifetime Costs
ROI = =
11. a quantitative and qualitative assessment of a market.
5. Market Analysis
a. Demographics and Segmentation. assessing the size
of the market , to slice it into different segments
b. Target Market. The target market is the type of
customers you target within the market.
c. Market Need. This section is very important as it is where
you show your potential investor that you have an intimate
knowledge oy your market.
12. d. Competition. need to explain the competitors’ position and describe
their strengths and weaknesses. The idea is to analyze your
competitors’ angle to the market in order to find a weakness that your
company will be able to use in its own market position.
5. Market Analysis
e. Barriers to Entry. all about answering questions from investors:
e.1. What prevents someone from opening a shop in front of yours
and take 50% of your business?
e.2 Having answered the previous question what makes you think
you will be successful in trying to enter this market? (start-up only)
SPECIFIC LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
At the end of this module you MUST be able to:
SPECIFIC LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
At the end of this module you MUST be able to:
SPECIFIC LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
At the end of this module you MUST be able to:
The terminator symbol represents the starting or ending point of the system.
A box indicates some particular operation.
A diamond represents a decision or branching point. Lines coming out from the diamond indicates indifferent possible situations, leading to different sub-processes.
This represents a printout, such as a document or a report.
It represents information entering or leaving the system. An input might be an order from a customer. Output can be a product to be delivered.
Line represent the flow of the sequence and direction of a process.
This On-Page reference contains a letter inside which indicates that the flow continues on a matching symbol containing the same letter somewhere else on the same page.
The Off-Page reference contains a letter inside which indicates that the flow continues on a matching symbol containing the same letter somewhere else on a different page.
This chapter covers the different feasibility studies that the systems analyst could use to calculate the project’s technical, operational, economic and market feasibility when you conduct preliminary investigations, evaluates IT projects, and make recommendations to management of the organization.
Feasibility Study
Feasibility Study can be considered as preliminary investigation that helps the management to take decision about whether study of system should be feasible for development or not.
It identifies the possibility of improving an existing system, developing a new system, and produce refined estimates for further development of system.
It is used to obtain the outline of the problem and decide whether feasible or appropriate solution exists or not.
The main objective of a feasibility study is to acquire problem scope instead of solving the problem.
The output of a feasibility study is a formal system proposal act as decision document which includes the complete nature and scope of the proposed system.
Here are some guides when doing a technical feasibility:
Is the proposed technology or solution practical?
Do we currently possess the necessary technology?
Do we possess the necessary technical expertise; and
Is the schedule reasonable for this team?
Is it relevant technology mature enough to be easily applied to our problem?
What kinds of technology will we need?
Some organizations like to use state-of-the-art technology
but most prefer to use mature and proven technology
A mature technology has a larger customer base for obtaining advice concerning problems and improvements.
Is the required technology available “in house”?
If the technology is available:
Does it have the capacity to handle the solution?
If the technology is not available:
Can it be acquired?
Here are some guides when doing a operational feasibility:
How do end-users and managers feel about…
The problem you identified?
The alternative solutions you are exploring?
You must evaluate:
Not just whether a system can work…
But also whether a system will work.
Any solution might meet with resistance:
Does management support the project?
How do the end users feel about their role in the new system?
Which users or managers may resist (or not use) the system?
People tend to resist change.
Can this problem be overcome? If so, how?
How will the working environment of the end users change?
Can or will end users and management adapt to the change?
It is evaluating the effectiveness of candidate system by using cost/benefit analysis method.
It demonstrates the net benefit from the candidate system in terms of benefits and costs to the organization.
The main aim of Economic Feasibility Analysis (EFS) is to estimate the economic requirements of candidate system before investments funds are committed to proposal.
It prefers the alternative which will maximize the net worth of organization by earliest and highest return of funds along with lowest level of risk involved in developing the candidate system.
Here are some guides when doing a economic feasibility:
Can the bottom line be quantified yet?
Very early in the project…
A judgement of whether solving the problem is worthwhile.
Once the specific requirements and solutions have been identified…
The cost and benefits of each alternative can be calculated
Cost-benefit analysis
Purpose – answer questions such as:
Is the project justified (i.e. will benefits outweigh costs)?
What is the minimal cost to attain a certain system?
How soon will the benefits accrue?
Which alternative offers the return on investment?
Example of things to consider:
Hardware/software selection
Selection among alternative financing arrangements (rent/lease/purchase)
Difficulties
Benefits and costs can both be intangible, hidden and/or hard to estimate
Ranking multi-criteria alternatives
Cost-Benefit analysis (CBA) is a process for evaluating the merits of a good particular project in a systematic way in terms of cost and benefit of the project. Cost is the value of money that has been used up to produce something, and hence is not available foe use anymore. Benefit are the monetary values of desirable consequence of economic policies and decisions.
Cost-Benefit analysis is an economic evaluation technique that measures all the positive (beneficial) and negative (costly) consequences of an intervention or program in monetary terms. The valuation of all program outcomes in monetary units allows decision makers to direct compare the outcomes of different types of interventions.
A market analysis is a quantitative and qualitative assessment of a market. It looks into the size of the market both in volume and in value, the various customer segments and buying patterns, the competition, the economic environment in terms of barriers to entry and regulation. The objectives of the market analysis section of a business plan are to show to investors that (1) you know your market and (2) the market is large enough to build a sustainable business.
Here are some guides on what you need to know on your market analysis:
Demographics and Segmentation. When assessing the size of the market, your approach will depend on the type of business you are selling to investors. Depending on your market you might also want to slice it into different segments. This is especially relevant if you or your competitors focus only on certain segments.
Target Market. The target market is the type of customers you target within the market. For example, if you are selling jewelry you can either be a generalist or decide to focus on the high end or the lower end of the market.
Market Need. This section is very important as it is where you show your potential investor that you have an intimate knowledge oy your market.
Competition. You need to explain your competitors’ position and describe their strengths and weaknesses. The idea is to analyze your competitors’ angle to the market in order to find a weakness that your company will be able to use in its own market position.
Barriers to Entry. This is all about answering questions from your investors:
What prevents someone from opening a shop in front of yours and take 50% of your business?
Having answered the previous question what makes you think you will be successful in trying to enter this market? (start-up only)
Here are a few examples of barriers to entry:
Investment (project that require a substantial investment)
Technology (sophisticated technology a website is not one, know how to process uranium is)
Brand (the huge marketing cost required to get to a certain level of recognition)
Regulation (licenses and concessions in particular)
Access to resources (exclusivity with suppliers, proprietary resources)
Access to distribution channels (exclusivity with distributors, proprietary network)
Location
A market analysis is a quantitative and qualitative assessment of a market. It looks into the size of the market both in volume and in value, the various customer segments and buying patterns, the competition, the economic environment in terms of barriers to entry and regulation. The objectives of the market analysis section of a business plan are to show to investors that (1) you know your market and (2) the market is large enough to build a sustainable business.
Here are some guides on what you need to know on your market analysis:
Demographics and Segmentation. When assessing the size of the market, your approach will depend on the type of business you are selling to investors. Depending on your market you might also want to slice it into different segments. This is especially relevant if you or your competitors focus only on certain segments.
Target Market. The target market is the type of customers you target within the market. For example, if you are selling jewelry you can either be a generalist or decide to focus on the high end or the lower end of the market.
Market Need. This section is very important as it is where you show your potential investor that you have an intimate knowledge oy your market.
Competition. You need to explain your competitors’ position and describe their strengths and weaknesses. The idea is to analyze your competitors’ angle to the market in order to find a weakness that your company will be able to use in its own market position.
Barriers to Entry. This is all about answering questions from your investors:
What prevents someone from opening a shop in front of yours and take 50% of your business?
Having answered the previous question what makes you think you will be successful in trying to enter this market? (start-up only)
Here are a few examples of barriers to entry:
Investment (project that require a substantial investment)
Technology (sophisticated technology a website is not one, know how to process uranium is)
Brand (the huge marketing cost required to get to a certain level of recognition)
Regulation (licenses and concessions in particular)
Access to resources (exclusivity with suppliers, proprietary resources)
Access to distribution channels (exclusivity with distributors, proprietary network)
Location