1. Ma. Martha Manette A. Madrid, EdMa. Martha Manette A. Madrid, Ed.D..D.
ProfessorProfessor
College of Teacher EducationCollege of Teacher Education
Panpacific University North PhilippinesPanpacific University North Philippines
Urdaneta City, Pangasinan, PhilippinesUrdaneta City, Pangasinan, Philippines
martzmonette@yahoo.commartzmonette@yahoo.com

2. Besides a brain (and the knowledge of theBesides a brain (and the knowledge of the
language), what do you need to use thelanguage), what do you need to use the
spoken language?spoken language?
These are the speech organs.These are the speech organs.

3. LipsLips
-- they serve for creating different sounds -they serve for creating different sounds -
mainly the labial, bilabial (e.g. /p/, /b/, /m/,mainly the labial, bilabial (e.g. /p/, /b/, /m/,
/hw/, and /w/) and labio-dental consonant/hw/, and /w/) and labio-dental consonant
sounds (e. g. /f/ and /v/ - and thus create ansounds (e. g. /f/ and /v/ - and thus create an
important part of the speech apparatus.important part of the speech apparatus.

4. Upper Lip
Lower Lip

5. - small whitish structures found in
jaws
- responsible for creating sounds
mainly the labio-dental (e.g. /f/
and /v/and lingua-dental (e.g. /ð/and
/θ/)

6. Teeth

7. tonguetongue
-- with its wide variety of possiblewith its wide variety of possible
movements, it assists in forming themovements, it assists in forming the
sounds of speech.sounds of speech.

8. Back
Middle(Dorsum)
Front(Blade)
Tip(Apex)
TONGUE

9. Alveolar ridgeAlveolar ridge
-- hard ridge behind the upper fronthard ridge behind the upper front
teeth. It is between the roof of theteeth. It is between the roof of the
mouth and the upper teeth.mouth and the upper teeth.

10. For the sound /s/For the sound /s/,, air from the lungsair from the lungs
passes continuously through the mouth,passes continuously through the mouth,
but the tongue is raised sufficiently closebut the tongue is raised sufficiently close
to theto the alveolar ridgealveolar ridge (the section of the(the section of the
upper jaw containing the tooth sockets) toupper jaw containing the tooth sockets) to
cause friction as it partially blocks the aircause friction as it partially blocks the air
that passes.that passes.

11. Alveolar Ridge

12. Hard palateHard palate
a thin horizontal bony plate of the skull,a thin horizontal bony plate of the skull,
located in the roof of the mouth.located in the roof of the mouth.
the interaction between the tongue andthe interaction between the tongue and
the hard palate is essential in thethe hard palate is essential in the
formation of certain speech sounds,formation of certain speech sounds,
notably /t/, /d/, and /j/.notably /t/, /d/, and /j/.

13. Hard Palate

14. Velum (soft palate)Velum (soft palate)
-- it should have holes forming that functionit should have holes forming that function
during speech to separate the oral cavityduring speech to separate the oral cavity
(mouth) from the nose, in order to produce(mouth) from the nose, in order to produce
the oral speech sounds. If this separationthe oral speech sounds. If this separation
is incomplete, air escapes through theis incomplete, air escapes through the
nose during speech and the speech isnose during speech and the speech is
perceived as hyper nasal.perceived as hyper nasal.

15. Velum or Soft
Palate

16. UvulaUvula
- it functions in tandem with the back of theit functions in tandem with the back of the
throat, the palate, and air coming up fromthroat, the palate, and air coming up from
the lungs to create a number of gutturalthe lungs to create a number of guttural
and other sounds.and other sounds.
- In many languages, it closes to prevent airIn many languages, it closes to prevent air
escaping through the nose when makingescaping through the nose when making
some sounds.some sounds.

17. Uvula

18. GlottisGlottis
combination of vocal folds and space incombination of vocal folds and space in
between the foldsbetween the folds
as the vocal folds vibrate, the resultingas the vocal folds vibrate, the resulting
vibration produces a “buzzing” quality tovibration produces a “buzzing” quality to
the speech called voice or voicing orthe speech called voice or voicing or
pronunciation.pronunciation.
sound production involving only the glottissound production involving only the glottis
is called glottal. Example is the sound /h/.is called glottal. Example is the sound /h/.

19. Glottis

20. Alveolar ridge
Upper lip
Lower lip
Teeth
Hard Palate
Soft Palate
Uvula
Back
Middle(Dorsum)
Front(Blade)
Tip (Apex)
Glottis
SPEECH ORGANS

21. TTHHAANNKK YYOOUU!!