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ตำแหน่งที่ต้งัในกำรแข่งขัน 
คืออะไร? 
บทที่ 5
ตำแหน่งที่ต้งัในกำรแข่งขันคืออะไร 
ตำแหน่งที่ตั้งในอุตสำหกรรมที่สำมำรถสร้ำงควำมได้เปรียบในกำร 
แข่งขันให้องค์กรและทำให้องค์กรมีผลกำรดำเนินงำนที่เปนเลิศ 
เริ่มต้นจำกกำรวิเครำะห์แรงกดดนัในกำรแข่งขันท้งั 5 (Five 
forces) 
เลือกตำแหน่งในอุตสำหกรรมที่มีแรงกดดันน้อยที่สุด/จุดที่แข่งขัน 
ได้
อุตสำหกรรมคอมพิวเตอร์ส่วนบุคคล 
H Supplier 
Computer 
Industry 
H Rivalry 
H 
Substitute 
H 
H new 
entrance 
Customer 
demand 
Maturity
อุตสำหกรรมคอมพิวเตอร์ส่วนบุคคล 
ปี 2005 IBM ขาย 
ธุรกิจ PC ให้ 
Lenovo 
• iOS 
• การออกแบบสินค้า 
ที่โดนเด่น 
• ความจงรักภักดี 
• บริการหลังการ 
ขายที่ยอดเยี่ยม 
• Website &Call 
center
Sunrise, Sunset industry
Sunset : อุตสำหกรรมเครื่องนุ่งห่ม 
H Supplier 
Text tile 
industry 
H Rivalry 
L 
Substitute 
H 
H new 
entrance 
Customer 
demand 
OEM
อุตสำหกรรมเครื่องนุ่งห่ม: ไนซ์ แอพพำเรล 
“การเลอืกตา แหน่ง 
ทตี่งั้ในการเเข่งขนัเชงิกล 
ยุทธ ์เป็นการคน้หาค่า 
ตา แหน่งในอุตสาหกรรมทแี่รง 
กดดนัจากการแข่งขนั อ่อนแอ 
ทสีุ่ด และการสรา้งกลยุทธ์ 
เปรยีบเสมอืนการสรา้งเกราะ 
กาบงัต่อแรงกดดนัในการ 
แข่งขนั” 
กำ หนดทตี่ั้งในกำรแข่งขันทหี่ลบแรงกดดันทั้ง 5 
เน้นลูกค้ารายใหญ่ในคาสั่งซื้อเพิ่มเติมมากกว่าคาสั่งซื้อหลัก 
ส่งมอบได้รวดเร็ว คิดราคาที่แพงขึ้น 
(Niche and responsiveness) 
มีทักษะในแบบที่ยำก และได้ค่ำตัดเยนบสูงกว่ำปกติ
แหล่งกำ เนิดที่ต้งัในกำรแข่งขัน 
• แหล่งกา เนิดของที่ตั้งในการแข่งขันอุตสากรรมมีที่มาจาก 3 ฐาน 
1. ฐานความหลากหลาย Variety base positioning 
2. ฐานความต้องการ Needs based positioning 
3. ฐานการเข้าถึง Access based positioning 
ตำ แหน่งที่ตั้งในกำรแข่งขันมำจำกส่วนผสมของ 
ทั้งสำมฐำนรวมกันทำ ให้เกดิควำมเป็นเอกลักษณ์ 
ซึ่งจะทำ ให้สำมำรถสร้ำงผลกำ ไรได้มำกกว่ำ 
ค่ำเฉลี่ยอุตสำหกรรม
ตำแหน่งทตี่้งัในกำรแข่งขันบนฐำนของควำมหลำกหลำย 
(Variety based positioning) 
• มาจากการเน้นการตอบสนองความต้องการเฉพาะของลูกค้าจานวนมาก 
(Serving Few needs of many customers)
ตำแหน่งทตี่้งัในกำรแข่งขันบนพื้นฐำนของควำมต้องกำร 
(Needs based positioning) 
• มาจากการเน้นตอบสนองความต้องการที่หลากหลาย ให้กับเฉพาะกลุ่มลูกค้า 
(Serving board needs of few customers)
ตำแหน่งที่ต้งัในกำรแข่งขันบนฐำนของกำรเข้ำถ ง 
(Access based positioning) 
• มาจากการเน้นการตอบสนองความต้องการที่หลากหลายให้กับลูกค้าทั่วไป 
ในตลาดเฉพาะ (Serving broad needs of many customers in a narrow 
markets)
ตำ แหน่งที่ตั้งและกลยุทธ์ 
• การกาหนดกลยุทธ์ในการแข่งขันจะมีส่วนประกอบที่สาคัญสองประการคือ การกาหนด 
ข้อเสนอคุณค่าที่เป็นเอกลักษณ์ และการออกแบบห่วงโซ่คุณค่าให้สอดคล้องไปกับ 
ข้อเสนอคุณค่าที่เป็นเอกลักษณ์
ตำ แหน่งที่ตั้งและกลยุทธ์
บทที่ 5 ตำแหน่งที่ตั้งในการแข่งขันคืออะไร/ Chapter 5 What is competitive position?

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บทที่ 5 ตำแหน่งที่ตั้งในการแข่งขันคืออะไร/ Chapter 5 What is competitive position?