GI diseases.pptx
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Lecture notes for medical students
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GI diseases.pptx
- 1. Tips on using my ppt. 1. You can freely download, edit, modify and put your name etc. 2. Don’t be concerned about number of slides. Half the slides are blanks except for the title. 3. First show the blank slides (eg. Aetiology ) > Ask students what they already know about ethology of today's topic. > Then show next slide which enumerates aetiologies. 4. At the end rerun the show – show blank> ask questions > show next slide. 5. This will be an ACTIVE LEARNING SESSION x three revisions. 6. Good for self study also. 7. See notes for bibliography.
- 3. Symptoms of Gastrointestinal Disease • Abdominal pain, heartburn, • nausea and vomiting, • Altered bowel habits, • GI bleeding, • Jaundice • Lump in abdomen • Others are dysphagia, anorexia, weight loss, fatigue, and extraintestinal symptoms.
- 5. Abdominal Pain • Appendicitis • Gallstone disease • Pancreatitis • Diverticulitis • Ulcer disease • Esophagitis • GI obstruction • Inflammatory bowel disease • Functional bowel disorder • Vascular disease Gynecologic causes Renal
- 7. Nausea and Vomiting • Medications • GI obstruction • Motor disorders • Functional bowel disorder • Enteric infection • Pregnancy Endocrine disease • Motion sickness • Central nervous system disease
- 8. Diarrhea
- 9. Diarrhea • Infection • Poorly absorbed sugars • Inflammatory bowel disease • Microscopic colitis • Functional bowel disorder • Celiac disease • Pancreatic insufficiency • Hyperthyroidism • Ischemia • Endocrine tumor
- 10. GI Bleeding
- 11. GI Bleeding • Ulcer disease • Esophagitis • Varices • Vascular lesions • Neoplasm • Diverticula • Hemorrhoids • Fissures • Inflammatory bowel disease • Infectious colitis
- 13. Obstructive Jaundice • Bile duct stones • Cholangiocarcinoma • Cholangitis • Sclerosing cholangitis • Ampullary stenosis • Ampullary carcinoma • Pancreatitis • Pancreatic tumor
- 14. GI disordes >Extra GI Symptoms
- 15. GI disordes >Extra GI Symptoms • Obstructive Jaundice > Pruritus. • IBD> hepatobiliary dysfunction, – skin and eye lesions, – arthritis. • Celiac disease> dermatitis herpetiformis.
- 16. ExtraGI disordes > GI Symptoms • Systemic lupus >gut ischemia, presenting with pain or bleeding. • Severe burns> gastric ulcer . • Sickle cell disease • Diabetic ketoacidosis • Congestive hepatomegaly in CCF
- 17. Triads
- 18. Triads • Chronic Pancreatitis- – Weight loss – Diabetes – Stetorrhoea • Ca. Head of Pancreas – Abd. Pain – Jaundice – Weight loss.
- 19. Triads • Ac Appendicitis – Abd. Pain – Vomiting – Fever. • Cholangitis – Abd. Pain – Fever – Jaundice
- 20. History
- 21. History • Duration- Short – Acute infections – Toxin exposure – Abrupt inflammation or ischemi • Long Duration- – IBD – IBS – Malignancy
- 22. History - Pain • Shift • Agravating factors • Releived by • Awakens from sleep? • Previous operation • NSAID ingestion • Fever
- 23. Signs of GI diseases:General
- 24. Signs of GI diseases:General • Cachexia • Decubitus • Tachycardia • Fever • Icterus • Neck mass.
- 25. Signs of GI diseases:Abdomen
- 26. Signs of GI diseases:Abdomen • Distension • Visible mass peristalsis • Bruising • Tenderness • Rigidity • Organomegaly • Mass • Obliterated liver dullness • Free fluid • Bowel sounds • Hernial orifices • Scortum • PR/PV
- 27. Some Signs
- 28. Some Signs • Kehr’s sign • Cullen’s sign • Grey Turner’s sign
- 29. Investigations of GI Disorders
- 30. Investigations of GI Disorders • Laboratory Tests • Imaging – X-ray – USG – Endoscopy – CT – MRI
- 32. Laboratory Tests:Routine • CBC • Amylase • LFT • KFT • Stool, Urine • S. Electrolytes • ABG
- 34. Laboratory Tests:Special • Serologies tests for – celiac disease, – IBD – lupus or scleroderma. • Tumor markers – – Carcinoembryonic antigen CA 19-9 – Alfa-fetoprotein. • Hormone levels endocrine neoplasia. • Paraneoplastic serology panels for gut dysmotility
- 35. Examination of Various Body Fluids
- 36. Examination of Various Body Fluids • Ascitic fluid – infection, malignancy, • Cerebrospinal fluid for suspected central nervous system causes of vomiting. • Urine samples – carcinoid, – porphyria, – heavy metal intoxication.
- 37. Investigations of GI Disorders
- 38. Investigations of GI Disorders • Laboratory Tests • Imaging – X-ray – USG – Endoscopy – CT – MRI-MRCP – Tissue Diagnosis
- 39. X-Ray
- 40. X-Ray • Plain • Contrast • Double Contrast • C-Arm
- 43. USG
- 44. USG • USG • Doppler • EUS • FAST
- 45. Endoscopy
- 46. Endoscopy • Upper GI • Lower GI • Enteroscopy • Capsule endoscopy • ERCP • EUS
- 47. Tissue Diagnosis
- 48. Tissue Diagnosis • FNAC • True-cut • Incisional biopsy • Excision biopsy
- 49. Other Tests
- 50. Other Tests • Oesophageal Manometry and Ph
- 51. Get this ppt in mobile 1. Download Microsoft PowerPoint from play store. 2. Open Google assistant 3. Open Google lens. 4. Scan qr code from next slide.
- 52. Get this ppt in mobile
- 53. Get my ppt collection • https://www.slideshare.net/drpradeeppande/ edit_my_uploads • https://www.dropbox.com/sh/x600md3cvj8 5woy/AACVMHuQtvHvl_K8ehc3ltkEa?dl =0 • https://www.facebook.com/doctorpradeeppa nde/?ref=pages_you_manage
Editor's Notes
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