Corporate Social Responsibility And Corporate Ethics

Corporate Social Responsibility And Corporate Ethics
Introduction
Coexistence in a globalized world with constant changes does not really allow a business to survive
alone. The fact that your business exists in the environment, the responsibility of this depends on
many stakeholders, such as local communities, customers, employees and suppliers. On the other
hand the way the products are produced and manufactured has a significant impact on the
environment. In this context the concept of corporate social responsibility has great relevance for
the survival of any business. In corporate terms, social responsibilities promote companies to
maintain a closer relationship with the public of their interest and on the other hand, good business
practices enjoy better benefits in relation to other ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Immanuel Kant (1724–1804), a German philosopher was an enormous supporter of this sort of
thinking. He believed in acting according to the strict obedience to values, regardless of the
consequences. Ethical choices taken with this point of view also had to be universally valid to other
kinds of similar situations. The impact of such moral philosophy is predominant in the Australian
Association of Social Worker's (AASW), Code of Ethics which prioritizes principles such as 'respect
for persons' and client self–determination (Banks, 2004).
"Bentham's (1789) ethical philosophy was founded on the assumption that it is the consequences of
human actions that count in evaluating the merit and that the kind of consequences that matters for
human happiness is just the achievement of happiness and avoidance of pain. The principles of
utility, then defines the meaning of the moral obligation by reference to the greatest happiness of the
greatest number of people who affected by performance of the action".
There are, for example, some reservations regarding utilitarianism, because it seems to tolerate the
sacrifice on this case the use of experiments in animals to develop new drugs and on the other hand
to ensure that some of these vaccines are safe for humans, (Fox, 1986). From a purely utilitarian
perspective we would decide that it would be justifiable to use animal in such experiences because
this would result in
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Corporate Social Responsibility: What Is Corporate Social...
Corporate Social Responsibility
 What is CSR?
Corporate Social Responsibility is the continuing assurance by the business world to contribute to
economic progress while improving the quality of life of the employees and their families as well as
of the local commune and society at large. Different organizations made various definitions,
although there is considerable common opinion between them. Corporate Social Responsibility is,
how organizations manage the business plans to produce an overall constructive impact on society.
It is essentially a concept where organizations decide to contribute voluntarily to a better society and
a cleaner environment. Organizations consider themselves as an essential part of the society and act
in a socially responsible way. Earlier it was viewed as a philanthropic activity but it is now viewed
to be an inclusive, broad, diverse and integral part of business strategy to reduce the business risks
related to uncertainty.
Organizations must answer to two parts of their operations–
The quality of their management – both in people and processes.
The nature and quantity of their impact on society in the different areas.
Most look to what the organization has actually done in terms of its products and services, ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
CSR programs ranges from community development to development in environment, education,
healthcare etc. Provision of better medical and sanitation facilities, constructing schools and houses,
and making the villagers more self–reliant by providing vocational training programs are the
amenities that the organizations focus on. Many of the organizations are helping other peoples by
providing them high–quality standard of living. Also, organizations are increasingly joining hands
with non–governmental organizations and utilizing their expertise in developing programs which
address wider social

Corporate Ethics And Social Responsibility
Corporate Ethics and Social Responsibility
Amanda Rabius
PHL/320
10/9/17
Hank Reeves Corporate Ethics and Social Responsibility
Ethics and Corporate Social Responsibility in the corporate world are very important. By
understanding business ethics and socially responsibility, companies can develop and implement a
socially responsible plan. Organizations are no doubt an assembly line of different networks that are
both complex and dynamic in nature which face various conflicts. With this, a qualitative paradigm
needs to be used in order to ensure in–depth knowledge and understanding of the issues and
challenges among business practices and how they can be handled. The influence of leadership and
management decision making in an ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In correlation, a recent business decision my employer made was to host, and honor, an Annual
Partners in Business Ethics Conference for a second year to integrate corporate social responsibility
into the university (UT – McCombs School of Business, 2017). This decision implies that there is a
concern that being socially responsible is important to their organization and the individuals it
serves – employees, patients, students or other abiding citizens. Furthermore, other businesses have
become aware of unethical behavior of their employees. Research reveals a majority of managers
have no tactic nor did they know about CSR or that it maintains a good reputation for the company
(Bakos, 2013). Although, the initial obligation of a manager is to generate profits while making
ethical business decisions – companies need to contribute CSR objectives by integrating the strategy
into the core of business practices, management tools and processes. However, regardless of the
opportunities, there are a few implications such as concerns about the environment, health and new
technologies. While some people affirm the decisions in regard to business ethics and social
responsibility should not be that problematic, the implications and results take weight in the
decision–making process that may have a huge impact on local consumers, communities, and even
global ramifications. Critics

Running head:( STARBUCKS)
Starbucks
Aneez Mohammed
Columbia Southern University
Starbucks.
1.Starbucks has worked hard to act ethically and responsibly. Has it done a good job communicating
it efforts to consumers? Do consumers believe Starbucks is a responsible company? Why or why
not?
Starbucks opened up in 1971 in Seattle as the first Italian company in United States to have a coffee
house for customers. The idea was to have a setting of Italian elegance, a personal treat and a social
gathering spot.(Keller & Kotler,2012). Starbuck has worked tremendously hard to store an image
that it has become the most frequently visited retailer in United States with an average of 18 times a
month (Kotler & Keller,2012). ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
For example, it 's illegal for salespeople to lie to consumers or mislead them about advantages of
buying a product and the company statement must match the advertising claims. And they must not
disparage competitors of their products by suggesting things that are not true. Ethical Behavior–
Companies must adopt and disseminate a written code of ethics, build a company tradition of ethical
behavior and hold their people fully responsible for observing ethical and legal guidelines. Social
Responsibility Behavior– Individuals marketers must exercise their social conscience in specific
dealing with customers and stakeholders. In other words establishing a Corporate Social
Responsibility report which reflects the company 's commitment for achieving its growth.(p.631).
Generally speaking employees should focus on providing a more productive and sustainable
environment in an effort to promote social responsibility and protect the future of the company. It
also becomes a moral responsibility for a company to allocate funds to its annual budget for the
needs of corporate social responsibility.
On the other hand companies are pressured from governments ,competitors, and employees to
address the environmental, social, and issues such as climate change, obesity and human rights
(Bonini, Timothy & Mirvis, 2009).
In the final analysis we ask the question what is corporate social

In a recent time companies are giving more attention to develop a CSR (Corporate Social
Responsibility) and mainly their core values. Core values are used in marketing strategies (Berry,
1999) also in customer–retention management in order to create distinctive, long–lasting
relationships with customers (Prahald and Ramaswamy, 2004; Normann, 2001) and stakeholders
(Pruzan, 1998; Post et a, 2002). The interaction with a stakeholder and concerns a business
operation use to understood CSR as the voluntary integration of environmental and social, but it has
failed to discuss and analyse CSR explicitly from the perspective of stakeholders (Andriof et
al,2002; Post et al,2002).
Drawing on freeman (1984, 1994), the adoption of CSR regards we ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The shareholder strategy thus views CSR as a means, not as a goal.
The social–harmony strategy, in contrast, takes a "communitarian–oriented" perspective (Selznick,
1994). It is been argued that the demands and needs of stakeholders must be balanced and does not
separate ethics from business (Freeman, 1994, 2002). How CSR and stakeholder thinking are linked
to each other needs to be examined a bit more closely. Thought the shareholder and the social–
harmony strategy are both stakeholder strategies yet the CSR plays different roles within them,
Freeman (1984) elaborated on these ideas by concluding that business needed to satisfy a
multiplicity of stakeholders, and that focusing on shareholders alone was unsatisfactory, for several
reasons. However, for Freeman (1984), this was not a matter of social responsibility or business
ethics; rather, it represented a survival strategy for the company. At that time, Freeman had a critical
approach to CSR (Freeman and Liedtka, 1991). However, he later recognised the emerging
importance of ethics in business and argued that it is not possible to deal with them in isolation
(Freeman, 1994, 2002).
Friedman (1970) questioned whether or not a business can have any responsibilities other than
increasing its profits (i.e. a shareholder perspective), but this view was strongly opposed by

CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY (CSR) is a term describing a company's obligation to
be accountable to all of its stakeholder in all its operation and activities. Socially responsible
companies consider the full scope of their impact on communities and the environment when
making decisions, balancing the needs of stakeholder with their need to make profit. A company's
stakeholders are all those who are influenced by and can influence a company's decisions and
action, both locally and globally. Business stakeholders include(but are not limited to) employees,
suppliers, customer, community organizations, subsidiaries and affiliates, joint venture partners,
local neighborhoods, investors, shareholders(or a sole owner in case it is sole ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
Some would argue that the only reason to take on social projects is for utilitarian reasons, such as
currying favor with the public or with government, or to improve market standing. Others, such as
the philosopher Michael E. Berumen, suggest that a business is property belonging to the owners,
not stakeholders, and that a business is not equivalent to a mini–state for the purpose of creating
social justice or carrying out social planning, and that the owners have the right to dispose of their
property as they see fit within the limits of morality, including for profit, social good, or both.
Proponents of CSR would suggest a number of reasons why self interested corporations, seeking to
solely to maximize profits are unable to advance the interests of society as a whole: Corporations
care little for the welfare of the workers, and given the opportunity will move production to
sweatshops in less well regulated countries. Unchecked, companies will squander scarce resources.
Companies do not pay the full costs of their impact. For example the costs of cleaning pollution
often fall on society in general. As a result profits of corporations are enhanced at the expense of
social or ecological welfare. Regulation is the best way to ensure that companies

Corporate Social Responsibilities
CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY
The term social responsibility means different things to different people. Generally, corporate social
responsibility is the obligation to take action that protects and improves the welfare of society as
whole as well as organizational interests. According to the concept of corporate social responsibility,
a manager must strive to achieve both organizational and societal goals.
Current perspectives regarding the fundamentals of social responsibility of businesses are listed and
discussed through (1) the Davis model of corporate social responsibility, (2) areas of corporate
social responsibility, and (3) varying opinions on social responsibility.
A model of corporate social responsibility that was ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Federal law requires that businesses perform certain socially responsible activities. In fact, several
government agencies have been established and are maintained to develop such business–related
legislation and to make sure the laws are followed. The Environmental Protection Agency does
indeed have the authority to require businesses to adhere to certain socially responsible
environmental standards. Adherence to legislated social responsibilities represents the minimum
standard of social responsibility performance that business leaders must achieve. Managers must ask
themselves, however, how far beyond the minimum they should attempt to go–a difficult and
complicated question that entails assessing the positive and negative outcomes of performing
socially responsible activities. Only those activities that contribute to the business's success while
contributing to the welfare of society should be undertaken.
Social Responsiveness. Social responsiveness is the degree of effectiveness and efficiency an
organization displays in pursuing its social responsibilities. The greater the degree of effectiveness
and efficiency, the more socially responsive the organization is said to be. The socially responsive
organization that is both effective

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in the corporate event sector can be for everyone operating
in this sector a basis for innovations, opportunities and competitive advantages with regard to social,
environmental and economic aspects. This essay deals with the question what CSR is and how it
influences the corporate event industry in the UK, as well as with the strategies companies have to
do to generate a sustainable company structure and how they can advise their workforce to improve
responsibility. Furthermore, the right communication of a CSR company structure is an essential
aspect and how it has negative or positive effects on the people. The Global aspect of CSR is also
interesting with regard to the corporate event industry and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
After three years, the Apex Hotel in Edinburgh will almost generate the £85,000 that they invested
in their new heating system. Guy Bigwood, the sustainability director of MCI Group, said in an
interview with the Conference and Incentive Travel Magazine that he does not believe in the
reduction of cost by using sustainable strategies but that he thinks that the quality and the appeal of
corporate events will increase by the use of CSR. (Ledger, 2013) However, Roger Simons, MCI
Group's sustainability manager said "recycle, reuse and reduce" definitely delivers savings for
companies (Ledger, 2013). Another example of the Holiday Inn One King in Toronto shows that the
cost reduction by implementing CSR structures is possible and realistic. The Holiday Inn One King
in Toronto noted a saving of Canadian $14,852, about £8810, annually by "the installation of low
flow showerheads and faucet aerators". A third and emphasizing example provides the International
AIDS Society (IAS). In 2008, IAS hosted their first totally environmental and socially responsible
AIDS conference which was based on a CSR plan (IAS, n.d.). They set the objective to include the
CSR structure to their whole business and saved by doing so £500,000 through their environmental
programme (Ledger, 2013). New technologies, such as video conferencing systems can reduce the
carbon emissions in the UK

Corporate Social Responsibility Essay
INTRODUCTION:
To sustain the present natural resources for the future generations to come was considered to be the
social responsibility for each and every human being on this planet, therefore sustainability,
accountability and transparency of resources became the basic ingredients for social responsibility.
Only in 1953, Bowen raised a question "What responsibility to the Society can business people be
reasonably expected to assure" that evaluated the term Corporate Social Responsibility abbreviated
as CSR.
The CSR in 1966 was then defined as:"Social responsibility, therefore, refers to a person's
obligation to consider the effects of his decisions and actions on the whole social system.
Businessmen apply social responsibility when they consider the needs and interest of others who
may be affected by business actions. In so doing, they look beyond their firm's narrow economic
and technical interests" by Keith Davis and Robert Blomstrom.
Even the European Commission explained CSR as – "By stating their social responsibility and
voluntarily taking on commitments which go beyond common regulatory and conventional
requirements, which they would have to respect in any case, companies endeavour to raise the
standards of social development, environmental protection and respect of fundamental rights and
embrace an open governance, reconciling interests of various stakeholders in an overall approach of
quality and sustainability,"
It was only in the 1980's that depleting

Corporate Social Responsibility And A Company
What is Corporate social responsibility (CSR) to a company? what is the relationship between CSR
and profitability to a company? According to the class material I have learned CSR is not only
companies do with their profits, but also how they make profits. It goes beyond philanthropy and
addresses how corporation manage their economic, social and environmental impact, as well as the
relationship with the customers, supply chain, and the community we live in. Corporate social
responsibility promotes a vision of business accountability to a wide range of stakeholders, more
than just shareholders and investors. The most important aspect of CSR is to protect the
environment and the wellbeing of employees, the society and the community in general.
First of all, for some corporations the CSR is not their priority, the most common reason is because
the practice of CSR will increase the cost of the company and decrease the profitability of the
company. According to Sprinkle and Maines (2010) the costs associated with practice CSR
separated into opportunity costs, sunk costs and recurrent costs. Opportunity costs defined as any
activity that could not have been undertaken due to capital and labor being bound to the CSR
activity, which might result in lost revenues. Secondly, although CSR can help the company build
up their positive corporate image and good corporate citizenship, for some companies the process is
too slow to see the benefit side of it, and it is a time consuming

Chen Xi
Su Wei
Mei Han
Zhao Wei
Wang Mo
Li Yinghan
Tse Lai Sze
Q2. 1. What are the main ethical issues for Professor Ballistico?
Ethics is concerned with the study of morality and the application of reason to elucidate specific
rules and principles that determine right and wrong for any given situation. Some of the controversy
regarding business ethics is no doubt due to different understandings of what constitutions morality
or ethics in the first place. In this case, Ballistico is a professor who is conducting a research and has
come to some new findings. According to his professions, he should be honest and objective to his
research and it is his responsibility publishes the results as what it originally was to enable the ...
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People's lives are increasingly controlled and shaped no longer by governments but also by
corporations. For example, the liberalization and deregulation have given more influence, liberty
and choices to private actors.
For government, the corporations share the burden, for example, unemployment rate can be affected
also by the conducts of corporations. As a result, the government can use their money more freely to
benefit the society.
Limits: The involvement of the corporations brings more risks which require government to
establish more laws and require more self– regulations.
The government may lose the power on significant issues and may gradually at a weaker state than
before. What's more, social issues can be easily separated from governmental controls.
Q3
Caroll's model
CSR includes the economic, legal, ethical and philanthropic expectations placed o organizations by
society at a given time.
The key is when it comes to a "pyramid", the base is important before one climbs to the top –
"philanthropic". Although in India / China, the corporations are expected to "share" their wealth by

focusing on charitable donations, the most important issues for CSR is whether it is right/enough in
doing so –– has it met the expectations of the public or the world; has it taken account of all its
stakeholders in different levels?
In terms of economic responsibility, all of the companies in the Satyam Fraud case, earn huge
profits in

Mandatory Corporate Social : A Social Responsibility
Mandatory Corporate Social Responsibility– Either Do It or Speak It. Is It a Boom for Social
Upliftment Tanvi Tak* The author tries to find out whether making CSR a mandatory requirement
for the companies as a social responsibility will help in the upliftment of the society. CSR models
previously were voluntary actions taken up by the corporations but the new CSR norms mandate
this responsibility. The country is now moving towards MANDATORY, NOT VOLUNTARY CSR
regimes. This Article begins with the origin of CSR during the Earth Summit in early 90's and then
its scenario in the Indian corporate sector. Some of the examples of volunteer CSR activities
showcased the sincere efforts taken by certain major tycoons of Indian corporate sector and now
after India being the first country to mandate CSR in the Companies Act will be a boon for social
upliftment or not. According to the author, working for the undeveloped communities for the
country is a work that required moral values within an individual or a corporate, making it
mandatory will only add more confusions and an opportunity to tainted companies to go smooth in
the eyes of law by means of corruption or extortion in the system. Moreover, penalizing only if
reason not displayed by the Board in their Annual Report will not be the solution to the problem.
This article will seek an understanding whether mandating CSR will be a boon to social upliftment
or not and concludes by suggesting certain rewards or tax benefits for

Globalization and Corporate Social Responsibility
Globalization and Corporate Social Responsibility
Events in resent history have made a clear statement to the executives of the world that
Globalization and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) are tightly linked in projecting a positive
brand image. Most of the negative publicity surrounding the globalization debate is directed at one
key area, the perceived lack of corporate social responsibility in the business culture of the
developed world. The European Commission defines Corporate Social Responsibility as, "a concept
whereby companies integrate social and environmental concerns in their business operations and in
their interaction with their stakeholders on a voluntary basis."(European) As the heat is turned up on
firms, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The overwhelming facts point to a shady underworld of self–dealing and opportunistic exploitation
of the poor and working class, which was until recently, well hidden from the commoner. The
executives of WorldCom and Enron provide real world examples of unethical business practices,
where the desire to make money for their shareholders transcended into an addiction to greed and
self–dealing that were displayed by their, "excessive pay, perks, and golden parachutes"(Carson
392) at the expense of all stakeholders. All is not lost, there are corporations that pride themselves in
their sound business model and commitment to ethical business practices. Such companies as Eaton
Corporation, and Weyerhaeuser, who according to Ethisphere.com, a business ethics watchdog, are
among the "2010 World`s most ethical companies." (Ethisphere)
Substandard working conditions in the less developed world are usually described as terrible places
where employees are subjected to both mental and physical abuse, near impossible quotas, long
hours, extremely low wages, and unsafe working conditions compared to western standards. All of
this within an uninhabitable environment that corporations knowingly force the world's
impoverished people to submit to. Through pure ignorance, complete disregard, or lack of moral
direction, many corporations have taken the concept of

Living Dangerously in Two Worlds In my paper I will be discussing the topics related to corporate
social responsibility. Corporate social responsibility (CSR, also called corporate responsibility,
corporate citizenship, and responsible business) is a concept whereby organizations consider the
interests of society by taking responsibility for the impact of their activities on customers, suppliers,
employees, shareholders, communities and other stakeholders, as well as the environment. This
obligation is seen to extend beyond the statutory obligation to comply with legislation and sees
organizations voluntarily taking further steps to improve the quality of life for employees and their
families as well as for the local community and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Marks and Spencer is also active in this community through the building of a trade network with the
community – guaranteeing regular fair–trade purchases. Often alternative approaches to this are the
establishment of education facilities for adults, as well as HIV/AIDS education programmers. The
majority of these CSR projects are established in Africa. A more common approach of CSR is
through the giving of aid to local organizations and impoverished communities in developing
countries. Some organizations do not like this approach as it does not help build on the skills of the
local people, whereas community–based development generally leads to more sustainable
development. Some nations require CSR reporting, though agreement on meaningful measurements
of social and environmental performance is difficult. Many companies now produce externally
audited annual reports that cover Sustainable Development and CSR issues, but the reports vary
widely in format, style, and evaluation methodology. Critics dismiss these reports as lip service,
citing examples such as Enron 's yearly "Corporate Responsibility Annual Report" and tobacco
corporations ' social reports. Business Benefits The scale and nature of the benefits of CSR for an
organization can vary depending on the nature of the enterprise, and are difficult to quantify, though
there is a large body of literature exhorting business to

1.0 Executive Summary
While there is no universally accepted definition of Corporate Social Responsibility, it is usually
described in terms of a company considering, managing and balancing the economic, social and
environmental impacts of its activities. The notion of corporate social responsibility should be a part
of the core business operations of a company, rather than a separate 'add on'.[2]
Given that socially responsible organizations should seek 'minimize their negative impacts and
maximize their positive impacts', the fast food industry provides an important context in which to
debate the issue of corporate social responsibility. While the influence of myriad factors, including
increasing sedentary lifestyles, on ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
[4]
1.1.2 Causes of obesity
Some companies and institutions, have hold Individuals as targets, and claim that everyone
specifically accountable for their own weight. However the blame for obesity is misplaced.
Much obesity is the result of genetics and the environment. Yet individuals are blamed when the
food environment is the problem. Different than twenty years ago, today food outlets are
everywhere, and the most readily available and most heavily promoted food is the least nutritious.
Eating is an automatic response to cues from this kind of environment. The brain is wired to respond
to cues, and those in the food industry have become exceptionally good at triggering those cues.[5]
Fast food and obesity has been a major link that makes the American dining experience and
unfortunately American Health most noteworthy to world specialists. About 60M of the American
population is considered obese. Most significantly is that the impending danger of obesity concern
has become a world phenomenon. The problem of obesity has crept quickly as fast as the spurt of
fast foods all throughout the world. Though, people could not blame McDonaldization and
Globalization.[6]
What makes this type of food so appealing not only to Americans is that it 's not just hot, tasty, and
greasy; it 's also constant and convenient.

Corporate Social Responsibilities
Nowadays, many international companies take sustainable development seriously. They understand
that sustainable development can enhance their quality of life and their reputation in public.
Sustainable development is "development that meets the needs of the present without compromising
the ability of future generations to meet their own needs." (Brundtland, 1987) Sustainability requires
monitoring and managing all the person to ensure that our economy and society can continue to
exist without destroying the social and natural environment during development. The sustainability
includes three pillars, which are economic, social and environment, forming a triple bottom line.
The triple bottom line demands that a company 's responsibility lies ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Firstly, it issued some idea and non life insurance products for adaptation to and mitigation of
climate change. For example, it has issued Weather Index Insurance, which is a financial product for
farmers in northeast Thailand against the effects of climate change. When the weather is different
from the traditional or normal conditions, they immediately compensate for the loss of profit to the
farmers. At the same time, they took interviews with local farmers and analyzed the weather date
from Knon Kean Province. For the other example, it reduced paper consumption to reduce cost.
Then it focused on the use of IT to systematize procedures, such as using the computer screen to
present to a customer instead of using paper working proposal. There is compliance of the economic
performance indicators.
Secondly, its environmental management system developed based on the PDCA cycle. It has been
set a medium and long–term goals through the PDCA cycle. It promoted resource conservation by
reducing the CO2 and consumption of electricity, paper and energy. Then it gave the Environmental
performance data to support its result and achievement. Additionally, they promoted a new financial
product, The Green Reform Loan Plan, which reduce 0.3% interest rates on loan for ecological
reforms. It encouraged using solar photovoltaics and Eco Cute hot water systems, which reduce
CO2 emission. Then the 0.3% of the Green reform Loan Plan loan amount was donated to Satoama

(Reporter #1; additional input...)
The broadest definition of corporate social responsibility is concerned with what is – or should be –
the relationship between global corporations, governments of countries and individual citizens.
More locally, the definition is concerned with the relationship between a corporation and the local
society in which it resides or operates. Another definition is concerned with the relationship between
a corporation and its stakeholders.
According to the EU Commission, CSR is a concept whereby companies integrate social and
environmental concerns in their business operations and in their interaction with the stakeholders on
a voluntary basis. The central tenet of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In it, he argued that individuals voluntary gave up certain rights in order for the government of the
state to be able to manage for the greater good of all citizens.
More recently, the Social Contract has gained a new prominence as it has been used to explain the
relationship between a company and society. In this view, the company has obligations towards the
other parts of society in return for its place in society.
Stakeholder Theory Stakeholder theory states that all stakeholders must be considered in the
decision making process of the organization. There are three reasons why this should happen: 1. It is
the morally and ethically correct way to behave. 2. Doing so actually also benefits the shareholders.
3. It reflects what actually happens in an organization.
According to this theory, stakeholder management, or corporate social responsibility, is not an end
in itself but is simply seen as a means for improving economic performance.
Classical Economic Theory Classical capitalism has been the basic inspiration for business. In this
view, a business is socially responsible if it maximizes profits while operating within the law. Today
the classical ideology still commands the economic landscape, but ethical theories of broader
responsibility have worn down its prominences.

Corporate Social Responsibility And Csr
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has been a much talked about topic and the importance of
CSR has been increasing over the years. Companies that embrace CSR hold themselves responsible
for their activities and strive to make a positive impact on the environment and the society. CSR has
several definitions and can be comprehended differently by various stakeholders. One of the
definitions mentioned by ACCA (2014) is "a company's obligation to all of its stakeholders across
all of its activities with the aim of achieving sustainable development in the economic, the social,
and the environmental dimensions". Others define CSR as the overall contribution of business to
sustainable development. Many factors have managed to increase the ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Gaining competitive advantage One argument forcing an increase in CSR activities is for companies
to gain competitive advantage. Companies engage in improved innovation and market positioning,
resulting in competitive advantages. One of the examples of innovation, to gain competitive
advantage, is the launch of Toyota Prius, a hybrid–electric vehicle (HEV). Toyota became the world
market leader in hybrid cars after the launch of HEVs. In addition to the environmental benefits that
HEV has to offer, this increased the top line of Toyota and they were able to licence the technology
to companies like Ford. This added to Toyota's profitability. CSR can assist in shaping customer
loyalty built on ethical principles. Some companies are committed to CSR and use it as their main
positioning instrument. Strategic tactics are used to gain public backing, helping them to gain
competitive advantage by using their CSR initiatives as another form of advertising. These practices
create a differentiation in products and services from its competitors. For example, Dettol
introduced a marketing concept where a penny was donated upon purchase of any of their products.
Dettol products gained popularity in the marketplace which assisted in distinguishing themselves
from other antibacterial soaps

DBS
Nataliya Salnikava
1777627
LIDL
and
Introduction
In this essay the author will try to give an understanding of what is the Corporate Social
Responsibility, why it is so important nowadays and we will analyse role of Lidl in this area in
different dimensions.
So what is the Corporate Social Responsibility?The World Business Council for Sustainable
Development in its publication "Making Good Business Sense" by Lord Holme and Richard Watts,
used the following definition
Corporate Social Responsibility is the continuing commitment by business to behave ethically and
contribute to economic development while improving the quality of life of the workforce and their
families as ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Its not a secret that the fish population is in dramatic decline for the last 10 years. So as an
international company Lidl really cares about following the international policies regarding ethic
method of fishing, illigal fisheries, dolphin–friendly tuna. It also ensure that all the fish they offer to
the customer, is caught under socially acceptable conditions.
LIDl and Charity Foundation
This would be the most prominent and significant achievement for Lidl in Corporate Social
responsibility – partnering with Irish Heart Foundation. In order to provide funds to IHF, Lidl does a
lot of in–store promotions, SMS completions, it involves their staff to participate in variety of
raising funds for charity events. All of these runs very successfully for LIDL and IHF. In addition
Lidl provide on their web–site all the relevant information how to stay healthy and fit in order to

avoid heart related deceases. So all said above proves that Lidl truly "has a big heart".
Lidl and education
From 2006 Lidl with Dublin Business School conjunction runs a program called "Earn while you
learn". The successful participants of this program getting a great opportunity to study in the private
college in the heart of Dublin, they get paid an attractive salary, and have an

The Importance Of Corporate Social Responsibility
Corporate social responsibility has become one the highly debated issues in the corporate and social
sciences world. Nowadays, the most successful companies have the most effective CSR strategies.
Starry is the trending startups company of 2017 in the USA because of its innovative idea. It is
providing high–speed internet in the USA up to GB/s with the latest technology. It's the company's
responsibility to provide this high–speed broadband service to remote areas and adults so that they
mays stay connected and grow their business as well. CSR helps a company to build its reputation,
media presence, engaged employees and investors' attraction (Salib, Sun, Wu, Wen, & Huang,
2015). CSR is also practiced by ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
A striking figure of thirteen percent of US adults is not linked to the web. It has also been found that
internet usage in rural areas is also limited as compared to suburban and urban areas. It is social
responsibility of Starry to provide high–speed internet in those areas on cheaper rates. This will help
older people to order anything with ease and to entertain themselves with instant streaming.
Similarly, it will be helpful for rural areas to stay connected to the online world. The residents of
these areas can turn their traditional business to an online business. Such social service will make
the life of villagers easier and connected.
Corporate social responsibility has become one of the most popular trends in today's world. CSR
has now become an instrument to measure the company's interest in various issues that are not
directly related to profit making. CSR also make aware of the public and media about the company's
interest in the community. There are several reasons for a company to set up its corporate social
responsibility. First of all, having a CSR policy and activities improves the public image of the
company to a greater deal. It has been found that company's reputation is always built on its CSR
programs besides its services and products (Cheng, Ioannou, & Serafeim, 2014). Therefore, most of
the companies start their CSR policies and share those to the world so that everyone should be
aware of the activities organized by the corporation for the

What is CSR? To what extent is there a business case for CSR?
A. What is CSR?
Competition is becoming more and more fierce while the market is becoming globalization. With
higher consumer sovereignty, customers are no longer satisfied with qualify products and good
services. The society concerned more about the business ethic and environmental issues. Companies
are expected to act virtuously nowadays. The ideas of Corporate Social Responsibility and
Corporate Citizenship are spreading faster than ever before and become one of the hottest business
models in the recent decades.
"Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)" is defined as "the commitment of business to contribute to
sustainable economic development, working with employees, their ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
This innovation is also being considered as long–term oriented and sustainable for future
development so both the customers and investors are satisfied with it.
The second aspect of corporate social responsibility is the community. Corporations have to be
responsibility to the local community as they are the essential for the business success. Social
responsible firms should hire local labour force in the work place. Corporations often make
donation after huge disasters such as earthquake or hurricane. For example, companies had donated
over US$547 millions after the catastrophe of Hurricane Katrina in 2005 (Briggs & Verma,
2006). Although some criticize that the corporations are making disasters into opportunities for
public relationship, the donation can certainly help the community to rebuilt their home afterward,
The third aspect of corporate social responsibility is the workplace. Companies are responsible to
ensure the safety and ethnic in the workplace. The employees are generating the profit so the
companies should be responsible to them by creating harmless and harmony working environment.
For example, Nike, and other American and European sports wear production companies, promise
to monitor the working conditions in its supplier factories in less developed countries (Vogel, 2005,
1).
Corporations should also be responsible to the market place. Not just manufacturing quality product
but also meeting the needs of various customers.

Corporate Social Responsibility And Business
Introduction As we all know, corporate social responsibility is a discipline in business practices.
This is one of the business practice sector that is most demanding and constantly changing sector in
business enterprise. Because of these demanding tasks that corporate social responsibility has posed
on business, business leaders or stakeholders has been faced with the responsibility of bringing a
favorable environment for business activities. The prospect of corporate social responsibility
became famous in the 1960s. Many companies have used this term in an unlawful manner to benefit
the business responsibility rather than overall business welfare, which it is meant for (Ferrell 2014,
pp. 3–17). Corporate social responsibility in its ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This also promotes a strong relationship between stakeholders and its communities they operate.
Hence, it has made Canadian business activities to improve access to loanable funds and promote
the well being of its citizens. CRS aim is to help an organization to accomplish its mission and goals
set for themselves. It also helps the organization to stand out among its equal. The CRS aim is to
encourage business enterprises to create positive impact in the business environment and create a
forum in which the stakeholders will be able to interact with its consumers, investors, employees
and the communities as a whole (Benson 2014, pp. 1636–1663). Many researchers has argued that
the sole aim Corporate Social Responsibility is to increase long term profit through developing a
high public relationship rather improving high ethical standards in the business which reduces risk.
Business ethics in this contest aims at proper evaluation of moral, norms and ethical principle
problems which may arise in a competitive business environment. The acceptable international
standard for CRS is the ISO 2600. Many public sectors organizations adopt the accounting
framework to examine organizational structure and performance of the business in other aspects to
add business values. It is widely view that CRS adopts the same principles, but not basically on the
legal

Corporate Social Responsibility ( Csr )
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has gained a reasonable reorganization in the world of
business. Organizations are now voluntarily putting their money in the public cause's way more than
they are required or forced by the law and proud present their doing their annual reports CSR is a
form of corporate self–regulation integrated into a business model. CSR policy functions as a built–
in, self–regulating mechanism whereby business monitors and ensures its active compliance with
the spirit of the law, ethical standards, and international norms and MCWIlliams et al. defines it as
"Actions that appear to further some social good, beyond the interests of the firm and that which is
required by law." 'The commitment of business to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Planet refers to sustainable environmental practices. A triple bottom line company does not produce
harmful or destructive products such as weapons, toxic chemicals or batteries containing dangerous
heavy metals for example. Profit is the economic value created by the organization after deducting
the cost of all inputs, including the cost of the capital tied up. It therefore differs from traditional
accounting definitions of profit Main Perspectives and Theories within CSR Field There are three
main perspectives on the responsibilities of companies in the literature. The classical, or shareholder
perspective– It proposes that fundamental responsibility of business is to maximize the returns for
owners and shareholders of the company. This approach is supported by Friedman (1970).
According to Nielsen & Thomsen (2007), in this approach, not business organizations but
government is considered to be responsible for social issues, and companies address CSR only if the
implementation creates long–time value for the owners. The stakeholder perspective – It addresses
the responsibility of companies towards the owners as well as various stakeholders of the company.
Freeman et al (2008) define stakeholders as 'those groups without whose support, the business
would cease to be viable' (p. 26) – employees, customers, investors, public authorities, suppliers,

Corporate social responsibility is becoming a key initiative and an essential tool in the growth of
multinational corporations and the development of third world countries throughout the globe. The
two concepts can work hand in hand to provide benefits for all; however difficulties in regulating
and implementing corporate social responsibility need to be overcome before effective changes can
be made.
Definitions of corporate social responsibility can be somewhat varied depending on the perception
and perspective an individual or group has towards the situation; the definition has also varied
through time. In general terms, Manakkalathll & Rudolf (1995) define corporate social
responsibility (CSR) as "the duty of organisations to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
"CSR is now intertwined with international development and the related goals of poverty alleviation
and sustainability," (Blowfield, 2005). There are many benefits for a company who develops a high
CSR profile. Although the costs of implementing a CSR strategy can be high, the overall outcome
can prove most beneficial for both the bottom line and reputation of the company; as well as the
development of third world countries and as stated above, the alleviation of poverty.
The Body Shop is an example of an organisation that is highly successful due to their deep
commitment to social responsibility and environmental change. The core values that drive their
business include being: against animal testing, supporting community trade, activating self esteem,
defending human rights, and protecting our planet. The Body Shop thrives off these beliefs, and in
staying true to themselves and the positive development of our world, they have become one of the
most respected, internationally successful, socially responsible organisations in the world. Company
CEO Jean Paul Agon states that "their values have been upheld for over thirty years...and they will
continue to be nurtured for the benefit of all," (The Body Shop Values CSR Report 2007).

Corporate Social Responsibility Essay
Introduction:
Different authors and forums have defined Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) differently. For
example as per World Bank definition Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) means an organization
must be accountable in front of its stakeholders for all of its actions and operations (Nicolau 2008).
According to European Union (EU) Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is a concept by which
organizations integrate social and environmental interests in their operations and in their dealings
with stakeholders voluntarily (Daniel & Richard 2007).
The high volume of research on the topic of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) actually
highlights the significance of this topic. A lot of discussion on this issue turned this concept into an
important part of today's corporate world. As a result people expect from today's organizations to
maintain higher ethical standards in their operations and fulfill social responsibility towards the
society in which they operate (Swaen & Lindgreen 2010). Due to heavy attention by researchers on
this topic now Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is very well known but in the past different
but related terms had been used in the meaning of CSR. This collection of terms include corporate
citizenship, business ethics, sustainability, corporate social performance, triple bottom line or
corporate accountability (Daniel & Richard 2007).
In this essay it will be tried to discuss some of the

Corporate Social Responsibility : Csr
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is something that affects all companies and should be an
active factor in the company's decision making. It is something all corporations need to care about.
CSR is when business' or corporations take part in an initiative or campaign for a cause that will
benefit society and/or in some way make the world a better place (Taylor, 2015). Initially, Corporate
Social Responsibility started to take shape around the 1950's, but some say that it dates all the way
back to the 1800s, the idea of CSR was seen (Carroll, 2007). One may think that because it is dated
so long ago, it doesn't have an important impact today nevertheless, it is proven that Corporate
Social Responsibility is a pathway for entities to self benefit as they are in the process of benefitting
society.
Introduction to CSR
In todays time, there are quite a few companies that practice Corporate Social Responsibility,
including Campbell's. Since the 21st century they have been practicing CSR (From Soup to ...
Corporate Social Responsibility: Campbell's Efforts to Lead the Way, 2009). "We aspire to be
leaders in corporate social responsibility and sustainability. It's an effort that begins at the highest
leadership levels of our own company." (Campbell's, 2015). To this day, Campbell's continuously
maintains positive relationships and goals with customers, stakeholders, and even employees
(Campbell's, 2015). Campbell initially came to be in around 1869 (From Soup to... Way, 2009).

Corporate social responsibility (CSR), also called corporate conscience, corporate citizenship, social
performance, or sustainable responsible business/corporate social responsibility) is an enterprise
self–discipline is integrated into a business model. CSR policy functions as a built–in automatic
adjustment mechanism, make enterprise monitoring, ensuring effective comply with the law, moral
and spiritual international norms. In some aircraft, the company to perform corporate social
responsibility compliance, engaged in "further some social welfare, which is beyond the law firm
behavior and interest." In the process of corporate social responsibility, the company's business, and
encourage a positive impact through its activities on the environment, consumers, employees,
communities, shareholders, who will consider all the other members of the stakeholders in the
public domain.
In recent years there has been a lot of companies are interested in corporate social responsibility.
CSR refers to the extent to which a business accepts obligations to society over and above the legal
requirements. This obviously refers to how it treats its stakeholder groups. Investors, customers,
employees and the media regularly examine the way in which a business is treating various
stakeholders. When considering CSR, it is important to be cautious. In January 2010 Nestlé's KitKat
brand started to boast the Fairtrade logo. The company had agreed to source the cocoa beans from
the better–paid

Polytechnic University of the Philippines
Sta. Mesa, Manila
College of Business
Submitted by:
Ramizares, Riza Marie M.
BSBA HRDM 4–6N
Submitted to:
Professor Celso D. Torreon
* Organizational Culture is the behavior of humans who are part of an organization and the
meanings that the people attach to their actions. Culture includes the organization values, visions,
norms, working language, systems, symbols, beliefs and habits. It is also the pattern of such
collective behaviors and assumptions that are taught to new organizational members as a way of
perceiving, and even thinking and feeling. Organizational culture affects the way people and groups
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Before a company thinks about being a good corporate citizen, it first needs to make sure that it can
be profitable.
* Environment– One primary focus of corporate social responsibility is on caring for the
environment. Businesses, both large and small, have a large carbon footprint. Any steps that can be
taken to reduce those are considered both good for the company and society as a whole. Examples
include everything from curbing pollution to developing clean energy solutions.
* Legal– A company 's legal responsibilities are the requirements that are placed on it by the law.
Next to ensuring that company is profitable, ensuring that it obeys all laws is the most important
responsibility, according to the theory of corporate social responsibility. Legal responsibilities can
range from securities regulations to labor law, environmental law and even criminal law.
* Ethical– Treating employees fairly and ethically are other ways companies can practice corporate

social responsibility. Are responsibilities that a company puts on itself because its owners believe it
's the right thing to do –– not because they have an obligation to do so. Ethical responsibilities could
include being environmentally friendly, paying fair wages or refusing to do business with oppressive
countries, for example.
* Philanthropic– If a company is able to meet all of its other responsibilities, it can begin meeting
philanthropic responsibilities. Philanthropic

Corporate Social Responsibility : Corporate Responsibility
For the past years, corporate social responsibility also referred, as corporate conscience has been a
respected subject for discussion. Corporate social responsibility, unquestionably, contains more
viewpoint than simply worried about the ecological impacts of associations. It came in people
groups mind at the later 1880, time of essential modern advancement that associations ought to
think about the thought of social obligation. Associations that are near to social obligation issues got
to be worry about the principled ground of attaining to social commitment. Latter 1880
manifestation of the accountability for society has got soundness however after that period the
association started to include in humanitarian force strongly (Adamsson ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
2000 denoted the beginning of Tesco.com that was based on the again of existing stores and, with
low capital spend, was productive from the beginning, a key inside necessity. Tesco 's global
operation, which began in 1994, has consistently extended and now represents 50% of its aggregate
retail space. Since 2000 there has likewise been an expanding concentrate on building non–
nourishment deals both in store and online with the result that, for instance, Tesco is currently the
UK 's biggest CD retailer.
The aim of this research study is to analyze corporate social responsibility and its application in the
business. Additionally, to address this aim, the chosen objectives that will be fulfilled for the
research are:
To analyze why companies engage in Corporate Social Responsibility.
To identify how companies apply Corporate Social Responsibility.
To evaluate the relation between the application of Corporate Social Responsibility and financial
performance.
To analyze the emotions of the buyers to Corporate Social Responsibility.
Research Questions.
Noting the following research questions will carry out the purpose of the research:
Why do organizations take part in Corporate Social Responsibility?
How do companies apply Corporate Social Responsibility?
What is the correlation between the application of CSR and financial performance? Rationale for

Introduction
For the past years, corporate social responsibility also referred, as corporate conscience has been a
respected subject for discussion. Corporate social responsibility, unquestionably, contains more
viewpoint than simply worried about the ecological impacts of associations. It came in people
groups mind at the later 1880, time of essential modern advancement that associations ought to
think about the thought of social obligation. Associations that are near to social obligation issues got
to be worry about the principled ground of attaining to social commitment. Latter 1880
manifestation of the accountability for society has got soundness however after that period the
association started to include in humanitarian force strongly (Adamsson and Johansson 2008). This
study hopes to explore the corporate social responsibility and furthermore how and why affiliation
its participate in corporate social responsibility. A number of multinational firms offering
essentialness to the social and business substance that can give an organization a humane face and
eventually it will bring notoriety and moment business advantage as individuals get to be
unwavering to this. Thus, this is the reason organizations are taking CSR issue as an unquestionable
requirement for getting an additional profit on present exceptionally aggressive world and along
these lines happily keeping their buyer group protected from other rivalry.
Company Background
Tesco is Britain 's driving sustenance

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) also known as the "social responsibility" is defined by the
European Commission as an concept where business integrate social and environment concern in
their day to day activities on a voluntary basis. CSR has encapsulated the interest of one and all in
term of economic, social, and environmental concern and it has become more and more important in
the past years. As a whole the objective of this new law is to order business to pay 2% of their
annual profit in form of contribution for the social and environmental welfare. For example, in the
Mauritius guideline of CSR are in the following ways: CSR encourage companies which are
registered in Mauritius to manage their day to day activities along by integrating economic, social
and environmental welfare. CSR use the contribution given by the companies to support NGOS and
national agencies. Promoting NGOS by supporting their work plan But the one and only question
that every business leader ask is what CSR is and how this concept will be beneficial for the
companies. Somehow CSR is still relatively blurred and a contested concept. According to Ramon
Mullerat(2010) argued that it is the definition of CSR which is not clear and imprecise for the
business leaders. Mullerat also argued that the concept and the definition of CSR will remain
blurred until the concept is agreed and understand by all the companies' owners. There are also
various reasons why CSR is unclear: 1. It is a newly

Corporate Social Responsibility Introduction In this report, it critically researches two organisations
that are implementing some form of corporate social responsibility. It identify's one definition of
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) based upon academic resources. In addition, corporation that
is likely to experience competitive advantages by being socially responsible. Followed by what
ways the organisation are socially responsible and discusses the impact of these actions of the two
organisations. The first organisation examines Coca Cola Company and the second organisation
examines The Body Shop International. Also applying and interpreting support materials and
analysing issues with clear evidence of support for ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Corporation should comprehensively concern and contribute to society to ensure the harmony and
balance growing of society as well as the corporation (Llewellyn, 2005). Advantages of CSR
Corporation are likely to experience competitive advantages by being socially responsible. The
advantages that organization can experienced from adopting a successful CSR are intend to be
intangible and long–term rather than tangible and short–term.(Lewellyn, 2005). First of all, the
company will establish a better reputation that is essential in order to access financial recourses and
to get permit by government (Hamman, 2003, p23). A positive relationship between Corporate
Responsibility index and corporate reputation is illustrated by Lewellyn (2005). In addition, the high
reputation of organization will attract highly qualified skilled employee to work for the company
(Hamman, 2003). Moreover, according to the result of CSR Europe's 2000 study of consumer
attitudes toward CSR in 12 countries, Grills &Spring (2001) confirm that one fifth of consumers
prefer to but products which are responsible for socially and environmentally. Secondly, successful
use of CSR can result in long–term stability (Lewellyn, 2005). According to Lewellyn's (2005)
opinion, companies that have a visible approach to corporate responsibility are

Portfolio Task
Business Oral
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has the negative connotation of "putting in extra effort to
make a difference". However... when large companies such as Pick and Pay makes it their
responsibility to give back to the community it has the ability to change the lives of everyday,
struggling South Africans. CSR can be defined as management's obligation to promote and protect
the welfare of all stakeholders. (1) It is clear that Pick and Pay has chosen to make a difference in
the community and support their stakeholders.
"Give a man a fish and you feed him for a day, but teach a man to fish and you feed him for a
lifetime."(1) This Chinese proverb describes the epitome of sustainability. Any company, especially
Pick and Pay will ensure that all their social investments and efforts in social responsibility will
enable the community to be sustainable and thus become self–reliant and self–sufficient. By
teaching a community skills, Pick and Pay ensures that their investments will be maintained and that
they will make a difference in the community.
After 30 years of trading (2), Pick and Pay's first efforts at CSR was seen as a sprouting seed. Being
one of the first in Africa, Pick and Pay's philanthropic pillar is now based purely on Corporate
Social Responsibility. "Being a "Good Corporate Citizen" defines our conduct as an organisation"
(2) and so the vision of enabling South Africans to provide for their own needs whilst aspiring to
better

Introduction and the TRIGOS Rating
A recent study published by Ernst and Young (2011) stated that 80% of top companies in Austria do
not report their performance in terms of Corporate Social Responsibility. Reports that are published
are not well integrated in the annual financial statements and are often not verified by external
auditors. However, more and more companies adopt standards of the Global Reporting Initiative
(GRI) and become more and more aware of the importance of these issues.
In identifying businesses that embrace a CSR concept, the TRIGOS award for companies with good
CSR offers a well known and reliable source of information. Although Porter and Kramer (2006)
criticize Ratings for having widely differing rankings and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
The reason for the unavailability of explicit statements might be the rather small size of the business
or the fact that this is not required by law in Austria. Credibility for CSR activities is achieved by
having products assessed by various agencies such as FAIRTRADE and the Swiss Institute for
Market Ecology (IMO). (Whole Trading Company, 2012) In addition to these core principles, the
company is also supporting local initiatives in supplying countries (detailed information can be
found on the company‟s webpage, but will not be laid out in detail here). Finally, on the one hand, it
seems that the company is performing well in doing business in a socially responsible way, but on
the other hand, the business lacks an open disclosure of documents as well as more explicit
statements about their activities. Moreover, there is a high degree of subjectivity applied within the
company, since decisions about CSR activities are taken by the founder only. Applying the work of
Porter and Kramer (2006), it can be said that the company achieves a competitive advantage through
strategic CSR despite its shortcomings and areas for improvement in terms of disclosure and
external evaluation.
Responsive Corporate Social Responsibility and the Case of OMV
Another Austrian company follows a more responsive approach to CSR. OMV, operating in

Corporate social responsibility may also be referred to as "corporate citizenship" and can involve
spending finances that do not directly benefit the company but rather advocate positive social and
environmental change. The soul in the next economy forum presentation made it evident that
achieving corporate social responsibly in a company can reap major benefits in terms of finances,
more inspiring workplace and customer satisfaction.
In the past, companies mistakenly thought that corporate social responsibility was corporate
philanthropy but because of forums like the soul of the next economy, awareness about the real
meaning of corporate social responsibility is increasing substantially. Corporate philanthropy is
done with no expectation of financial gain but can lead to other gain by engaging employees and
more recognition. Jorina Fontelera from Demand Media defines corporate social responsibility by
comparing it to corporate philanthropy. Demand media describes corporate social responsibility as
corporate philanthropy but addressing issues that affect "the environment, consumers, human rights,
supply–chain sustainability and transparency for the greater good of the world at large". Demand
media describes CSR as a very positive idea because it provides good working conditions, tighter
knit communities, and less greenhouses gasses emitted from plants. Corporate social responsibility
differs from corporate philanthropy in the aspect that CSR is actively engaging in

Corporate Responsibility And Corporate Social...
Stevan Jakovljevic Professor Laud MGT 3550 Values, Ethics and Sustainability 10/18/16 Chapter 3:
Define corporate responsibility (CSR). Describe the benefits. Why do some executives support CSR
while others find it troublesome and argue against it? Corporate social responsibility is what a
company uses to self–regulate itself and refers to business practices involving initiatives that benefit
society. A business's CSR can encompass a wide variety of tactics, from giving away a portion of a
company's proceeds to charity and implementing "greener" business operations. Companies use
implement Corporate Social responsibilities for various reasons and this can be argued. Large
corporations have a more reasons for CSR to protect their image Corporate social benefits also have
many different benefits for the company. One of the primary reasons companies use CSR is to
preserve the environment. Many large corporations have had bad track records in the past when it
comes to pollution and a business no matter how large has a large carbon footprint. Even if the
smallest amount of effort is used in order to reduce the amount of damage they do to the
environment is good and that's why we see CSR being implemented. For a long stretch of time
companies in the United States of America have been destroying the earth slowly by cutting down
forests, polluting water ways and disposing of garbage in large amounts in the ocean. Now that
these companies have been under attack by the people and

Corporate and Social Responsibility
CRITICAL REVIEW OF ARTICLES
D. Birch (2002). Social, Economic and Environmental Capital. Corporate Citizenship in a New
Economy. Deakin University, Melbourne
J.M. Darley (2005). How Organizations Socialize Individuals into Evildoing
In recent years, Corporate and Social Responsibility has become an ever increasing concern and
source of community debate. It is now socially accepted that corporations have some ongoing
responsibility, though sometimes ignored, to set a good example, make decisions based on social
good and on ensuring positive environmental practices.
The two articles reviewed both focus on this corporate responsibility but they have very different
approaches and draw very different conclusions. John Darley 's ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Acknowledging that such a change in thinking is easier said than done, Birch still determines that
this type of "Sustainable Capitalism needs to be at the heart of New Economics – it is about
investing in the long term" (p.5).
While I believe this is an overly simplified way of looking at the problem of ensuring corporate
responsibility I think it does offer hope for future corporate social reform and some means for
achieving this reform. How we perceive, deal with and interact with corporations and how they
interact with each other may well have to change if there are to be broad sweeping changes within
the corporate world involving social responsibilities. Consideration also needs to be given not only
to incentives for acting responsibly but for deterrents and penalties.
As both articles identified, there is a growing desire in the community for greater care, a sense of
involvement and social–corporate interaction. While Birch examines this desire in terms of positive
corporate influence and increased interaction in the community and then offers some ideas on ways
to move forward, Darley focuses on the concern caused by lack of past corporate responsibility and
how individuals played a part in these larger processes.
Corporate Responsibility is obviously a broad reaching topic that is composed of many other
factors. Neither article chose to look in–depth at some of these other

Corporate Social Reasonability is a commitment by a corporation to develop socially responsible
policies in the areas of work and family life, community welfare, ecology and human rights.
Business today has recognized that in order to be successful they must earn the respect and
confidence of their customers. Although the bottom line is the concern of any business, companies
have now recognized that they have a social and moral obligation to care for the citizens of the
world in which they profit. Socially responsible corporations exist because they manage their
business processes to produce a positive impact on society. The demand for easing societies
problems, such as homelessness, gun violence, child abuse and human rights has ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Some stockholders of major corporations, although not completely opposed to the idea, do feel that
they have a vested interest in where their money is being spent and feel that the corporation needs to
be more accountable to them on where and how the funds are allocated (Baker). I feel that CSR is
definitely something that all major Corporations need to get involved with because it is the right
thing to do. CSR appears to be somewhat of an oxymoron, at least to the reason that it implies that a
company 's responsibility to society can take priority over its responsibility to make money for its
shareholders. When you are dealing with these major corporations there is an abundance of money
for each side whether it be there responsibility to give back to society or to make money for the
companies shareholders. Corporate law generally dictates that managers and directors of publicly
traded companies, in the decisions they make and the actions they take, must always put their
shareholders ' financial interests above all other interests (Crook). Whether those interest are social
interests, environmental interests, employees ' interests, consumers ' interests and the public interest.
Despite the popularity of the idea, there is actually no imperative for companies to put their
shareholders ' financial interests above all other considerations. A lot of these big companies have

Corporate Social Responsibility And Corporate Ethics

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