Task-Based Learning

Task-Based Learning
In this essay , we are going to talk about Task–Based Language Learning (TBLL) or else known as
Task–Based Instruction(TBI) and how it implies in the classroom .Task–Based Learning started to
gain some currency from 1996 when Jane Willis published a book entitled :A Framework for Task–
Based Learning (Longman) . But though , Willis (1996) suggested that before the 80's that the
model of PPP ( Presentation , Practice and Performance) was the traditional way of learning and
teaching activity . This model is based on the presentation which is before practice and in the end of
this activity ,the result or else outcome is called performance .
According to Willis (1996) ,the first change on the learning and teaching activity was proposed by
N. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
At this step , we have the outcome of the activity . Through this step , the real world is coming into
the classroom and it brings new information about the target language and for this reason , the
learners ,via these activities , see what they have learnt . The most difficult part of this step is that
the teacher must show to learners how to understand this and this happens when the teacher asks
them to find a word or phrase in which there is a grammatical phenomenon and so on . Again , the
teacher is the person who conducts the classroom because he is the one who makes the learners start
and continue on their own .
But what kind of tasks should a teacher use ?
There is a big variety of tasks . Based on Richards & Rodgers (1986:234) ,jigsaw is a task in which
learners can combine pieces in order to form a whole .Another activity is the information–gap tasks
where two students or groups have a text in which some information are separated between them
and they have to find out which information are these . An other important task is problem–solving
task in which students have a problem and they are asked to solve it .
After having discussed about the term "Task–Based Learning" ,the steps of the task and a variety of
tasks , we must also define what is learning , which is the role of the
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Project Based Learning Pedagogy
1) Which pedagogy is most comfortable for you and your current teaching style? What about this
pedagogy appeals to you most?
The project based learning pedagogy appeals to me the most. I am typically a hands on learner who
likes to research and gather information. I think this is an excellent learning strategy because it
allows students to get involved in their learning process rather than just receiving information. For
example, at my internship site, I am observing a 9th–grade earth science class, and it is apparent that
the students are bored, which is why there are so many behavioral problems in the classroom. I
notice students sleeping, listening to music, texting and being disruptive, primarily because they are
not actively engaging

Example Of Activity Based Learning
Activity–based learning is an activity or activities used in an educational process to make students
learn. The teacher incorporates activities of some type in teaching to make students learn using an
activity or activities as a base for learning. It is a methodology where children of different ages are
grouped together in one class and learn at their own pace through teacher–facilitated exercises.
The activity–based method is a technique accepted by a teacher to emphasize method of teaching
through activity in which the students participate thoroughly and bring about efficient learning
experiences. Activity–based learning is a child–centered approach, which means the student is
actively involved in participating mentally and physically. Learning ... Show more content on
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It can provide a wide range of opportunities to gain not only subject knowledge but also in technical
and academic skills. Students can be prepared as an active citizen by interacting with different
learning activities. Activity–based learning is used in most subject areas and better to use as an
instructional method. According to Hake (1998), activity–based learning improves conceptual
understanding of the students. Activity–based learning is a method used in education to help the
students to become innovative, creative and productive. According to the Wikipedia, activity–based
learning is acquiring new knowledge, behavior, skills, values, and involving different types of
information. In activity–based learning, the student understands and engages with the information to
be learned. They process information with higher level thinking such as comprehension, analysis,
synthesis, application, and metacognition. By this, the student is able to relate the information to any
life situation, connect it with past learning, build his or her own knowledge (Garner, 1987) and
become a knowledgeable and contributing citizen as an adult. Engagement with information through
activity is one important method of facilitating. Thus, activity–based learning allows students to
engage with and process information in such a way that students understand and shapes knowledge
about a particular

The Importance Of Problem-Based Learning
The main responsibility of a nurse is to offer a various range of health care services which includes
provision of health education, prevention against disease, promotion of health condition and
treatment of acute illness. (as cited in Ling, Bo, Ying, Shao & Hui, 2014) They are expected to
perform a wide range of clinical skills for saving patients' lives and this requires student nurses to
have solid foundation in their learnings. The problem–based learning is defined as the learning that
develops from the process of working towards the solution of a given problem (as cited in Ling, Bo,
Ying, Shao & Hui, 2014) and its learning approach has been the focus in the nursing education for
student nurses' academic curriculum. This essay argues that problem–based learning and self–
directed learning help student nurses to develop critical thinking skills and problem solving
competency. The essay also explains that both learning approaches develop student nurses to
become effective team collaborators with good communication skills, which will make them grown
and achieve higher in professional nursing career. Moreover, it describes how problem–based
learning aids student nurses to develop their self–directed learning skills and empowers them to
adopt to changes in the workplace and health care practices.
Problem–based learning is a learning process that encourages students to actively engage in both
independent and collaborative work to recognize and identify problems, study through

Strengths And Weaknesses Of Student-Based Learning
Amongst theorists there is considerable disagreement around the effeteness of a student centred
approach to teaching and learning. Kirschner, Sweller and Clark (2006) state that student centred, or
discovery learning is not an adequate approach to teaching. The main focus of their paper supports
the idea that direct instruction is a much more effective approach. They argue "minimal guidance
during instruction is significantly less effective and efficient than guidance specifically designed to
support the cognitive processing necessary for leaning" (Kirschner, Sweller, & Clark, 2006, p. 76).
They believe discovery learning ignores the structures that establish human cognitive architecture.
Kirschner, Sweller and Clark's paper does serve as a reminder that student led problem based
learning, in some cases, is not the most effective way for learners. While the paper has its strengths,
i think that within education learners need a more direct or guided approach to build foundations.
Once these foundations are in place, student led learning can be encouraged.
In contrast to Kirschner et al (2006), Ashman and Conway (1997) believe that learning is more than
memorising, it is acquiring knowledge through experiences and observations. They are very much
believers that discovery learning is key to a learners development, allowing them to solve problems
and struggle with new concepts, aiming to build a learners overall understanding, but there is little
focus on how you are to help

Dynamic Place Based Learning
The purpose of quality education is to prepare workers to compete and thrive, in a dynamic and
global market place (Gruenwald, 2003), which can be achieved by placing student learning at the
centre of the education experience (Hudson, 2012). This dynamic market place requires students to
possess the skills necessary for thinking, learning, evaluation and creation, from a variety of sources,
while the opportunities to practise these skills, requires an early fostering, from within the school
environment. Students need to see a connection between their learning at school and to the real
world outside, in order to capitalise on natural motivation that will inspire their best (Smith, 2012).
Place–based learning (PBL) is a practice which aims to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Gruenwald (2003) asserts that a relationship to place, fosters understanding of culture and identity
and an appreciation to care, which is essential to the understanding of others, community and the
world. Increased knowledge and care of the local, encourages humans to examine their impact on
the environment (Gruenwald, 2003), marrying perfectly with an educator's opportunity to nurture a
sense of curiosity when exploring the diversity and interrelationships, that exist in school garden.
This unit of work posits: "Who and what, lives on my school site? What can I do to improve the
health of my schools' ecosystem?" as the big idea to focus on. This focus squarely places the
students into a systematic PBL experience, due to a close examination of a space they are already,
readily familiar with, in addition to exploration of the nearby bushland under the expert guidance of
a member from the local Aboriginal Consultative Group (Community, n.d.), broadening the students
experience of ecosystems and their complexity while shaping their future perceptions (Blair, 2009).
Guided investigations throughout the outdoor classroom connect the students to nature via relevant
hands on learning whilst simultaneously developing the students' environmental stewardship
(Williams & Dixon, 2013). Klemmer, Waliczek, & Zajicek (2005) argue that as people become
detached from

Problem Based Learning ( Pbl )
Problem–based learning (PBL) refers to a learning cycle where learners first encounter the problem,
as opposed to the instructor initially providing information to solve a latter problem (Savery, 2006).
As the result, students search for the information required to solve the problem instead of depending
on already existed knowledge. In PBL, students use triggers from the problem to determine their
personal learning goals. Then, they engage in independent or individual research prior to work as a
group (Savery, 2006). When research has been started, the students work in groups where they
discuss as well as improve the knowledge. Therefore, PBL uses suitable problems in enhancing
intellectual capacity. Moreover, PBL is a type of active learning, this is because it introduces
students that problem pushes them to ask, and seek for answers, and then they can put together
theory and practice; in addition to communicating what they learn to others. Problem–based learning
originally is from inventive health sciences courses and established more than thirty years ago
(Donnelly & Fitzmaurice, 2005). Medical education using science lecturers as well as clinical
teaching courses progressively becoming inefficient and an improper method of preparing students
to become medical practitioners. When keeping in mind the wide availability of medical
information, simply providing students with information to use in solving medical problems was
proving to be an ineffective learning

Essay On Project Based Learning
LEARNING USES APPLICATION DELIVERING MODE
Multimedia – Pictures about current interest of the students to be used in editing. To make the
learners understand more the lessons by using images specially the current trending images
nowadays
1. PHOTOSHOP – Using the pictures of their idols on photo–editing. Like changing the color of the
hair below. Or other activities that I gave to my Grade 7 students
2. MS PowerPoint – Using the pictures of their idols to create Photo Slideshow in MS PowerPoint
Grade 4.
3. Google Slides – using pictures on creating presentations in Grade 4 Blended Learning –
Traditional and Digital Discussion and Interaction
Face–to–Face Teaching – to teach them step–by–step
Hands–on Activities – to monitor them ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It makes more the students be interested in the topic and motivated to learn. Nowadays, it is usually
used by teachers in teaching their subject. 21st century learners are techy and computer literate, the
passages of information is faster. The more you used technology and unique programs, the more
they listen and participate 1. Macromedia Flash / Adobe Flash – Creating Animations using
computer activity. They can add Action script codes for buttons. In my Former Grade 8 Students,
Club Members, and Night School Students
2. Photoshop – editing photos like tarpaulins, banners, magazine cover, ID Laces, mug, t–shirt
layouts, photo card in my Grade 7
3. MS Word – creating documents like quotations, documents, letters. Projects for my Grade 2
4. MS PowerPoint and Google Slides – creating presentations like photo slide shows, topic
presentation, animations which currently used by my grade 4 students who share their Google slides
to my account
5. Corel Video Studio and Moviemaker – editing videos like commercial, dedication videos, music
videos and for the Nutrition Month Contest in every level.
6. SketchUp – creating and designing buildings in my Night School students
7. Lego Mind Storm – develop and program robots in my Club.
Blended Learning – Traditional and Digital Discussion and Interaction

Face–to–Face Teaching – to teach them step–by–step
Hands–on Activities – to

Enquiry-Based Learning Analysis
Enquiry based learning provides an opportunity for the children to have ownership and personalise
their learning. These skills enable pupils to ask relevant questions, to pose and define problems, to
plan what to do and how to research, to predict outcomes and anticipate responses, to test
conclusions and improve ideas. (National Curriculum, 2000). These approaches can be used in
foundation subjects and R.E (religious education) to enhance the child's understanding and learning
of the topic and to allow them to branch out their thoughts and opinions on what they are learning.
In the semi–specialist assignment, Garner (2002) identifies seven characteristics which constitute to
an ideal enquiry–based learning task. 1. Involves children in active ... Show more content on
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P.E is a course that focuses on developing physical fitness in the youth and is required to be taught
in both primary and secondary schools. Enquiry based learning can be implemented in P.E by
providing experiences which allow the children to self–learn and self–teach which gives them
opportunities to practice and develop problem solving and decision making skills. It is important
that enquiry is used in physical education especially because not only does it improve mental
abilities but also helps with physical development and knowledge of the body in action. "In practice,
personalising learning means that a P.E teacher is able to identify and support a pupil or a group of
pupils who have limited understanding of the lesson". (Armour, 2014). As a teacher, I could start of
a lesson by questioning the pupils with "how many different ways can you pass the ball?" and
through this question the children will try out different ways on how to pass a ball and begin to learn
through a leading question. With this, you could get the children to play different games which
encourage teamwork, set goals and think of things like how the body changes with each pass of the
ball. It is important to teach P.E through an enquiry based approach because it allows for
differentiation and children to be challenged, helps them evaluate and analyse their learning and
create students who can be critical thinkers who

E Learning Online Learning Web Based Training
E–Learning...Online learning...web–based training ...these are all essentially the same thing:
learning delivered via some type of electronic device. You may have completed an e–learning course
yourself. It may have been designed to introduce a concept or facts; or to teach a new skill, process,
or procedure. It may have been text based with some type of assessment, or it could have been a
simulation or a game. It could have been delivered asynchronously (self–paced) or synchronously
(in real time with an instructor or facilitator). In any case, it included some form of media (text,
graphics, video, narration) and had some common design features.
In general, some features of e–learning include the following.
Learning can be self–paced and user–controlled
Interactive and engaging, using multimedia, simulations, games, etc.
Provides immediate feedback
Adaptive – can branch based on user responses
Provides multiple types of media: text, audio, video, images, and illustrations
Motivating
High learning retention
Business needs
But despite the many benefits of e–learning, it may not always be the right choice for your specific
business needs and goals. Evaluating your business goals should occur before you begin developing
your training materials.
In terms of business goals, e–Learning has advantages and disadvantages.
Advantages
Cost effective – with most e–learning authoring tools, online courses can be created quickly and
inexpensively. In addition, businesses can

Learning ( Pbl ) And Work Based Learning
In our global economy, industry demands dynamic, adaptable and innovative workers to remain
competitive. This presents a challenge to educational institutions on two fronts. Firstly to keep pace
with this requirement and secondly to equip their learners with the required skills and knowledge
that will enable them to either remain within this environment or to enter it.
Two approaches to learning that benefit individuals and meet this challenge are Problem based
learning (PBL) and work based learning (WBL). Both approaches are learner centred, motivating
learners to become self– directed.
PBL originated in Canada in the late 1960's underpinned by constructivist view. Developed for
medical students it became a widely used tool for learning (EE and Tan 2009, Hmelo–Silver, 2004).
In her paper Hmelo–Silver (2004) discusses the process of PBL, its methodology and the goals it
can achieve for both the learner and the facilitator. But a significant criticism of PBL relates to the
context in which it is delivered. As PBL is within a classroom environment it does not fully address
other concepts required in adult learning situations such as political, social or historical influences
(Foley, 2004).
The early form of WBL is the apprenticeship. The apprenticeship, a word derived from the French
verb "apprendre", meaning to learn, can be traced back to ancient Egypt (Rorrison, 1988). This
concept of teaching a craft has developed to meet the growing need for a highly skilled and

The Problem Based Learning Theory
Problem based learning theory has developed rather recently compared to many pedagogical
theories in education. This theory was initially used to rigorously test the skills of medical students
by allowing them to become more involved in their learning rather than using the passive lecture
approach. (Savin–Baden, Major, 2004). Other schools recognized that this method addressed some
of the shortcomings of the traditional instructor led classroom format and adopted similar problem
based learning approaches to areas such as engineering, science, business, etc.
The PBL model consists of groups collaboratively working together to solve a problem. The learner
is expected to be engaged their group discussions and the instructor facilitates the process by asking
open ended questions. (Botty, H., Shahrill, M., Jaidin, J., Li, H., & Chong, M., 2016). While the
instructor has a more hands off approach, they are responsible for creating a classroom environment
in which the learners "receive systematic instruction in conceptual, strategic, and reflective
reasoning in the context of a discipline that will ultimately make them more successful in later
investigations" (Gallagher, 1997, p. 337).
There are several ways to integrate a PBL method into a training and development program. Adults
are more problem than subject centered in learning so the PBL method is a natural fit to the learning
styles of the audience. Furthermore, PBL is preferred by adults because it is more engaging and

Characteristics Of Web Based Learning
This week's reading discussed a variety of topics such as web based learning, identified and
explored web based learning activities and how to be faithful servants of God. In chapter eight of
our text book we looked at characteristics of four online module, how to select tools and strategies
to build an online course, and procedures for developing an effective online course. The first article
discussed web 2.0 technology specifically Wikki's and how they are being used in the classroom.
The second article looked at the difference in information–searching environments and how it
affects the learning the environment. All the resources for this week are crucial ways to improve
learning and retention especially for the slower learners.
In ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The second article was published in the British Journal of Educational Technology and discussed the
effects of using selected network resources in web based problem solving. This research targeted a
senior high school computer class and attempted to compare the effects of using selected and open
network resources on students' intentions about their information system usage by means of
technology acceptance model (TAM) questionnaires and learning effectiveness by analysis of
covariance of tests in web–based problem–solving activities (Hsu, 2013). The activities used in this
research project allowed students to learn from the total process of problem solving. All of these
activities were student centered and not teacher centered. The subjects of this research project were
measured on the basis of pre and post– test design in which each test was composed of fifteen
multiple choice question(Hsu, 2012)s . The control group was the open source group and the
experimental group was the selected resource group. At the end of the research project each student
completed a questionnaire(Hsu, 2012).The results of this research project show that the lower and
mid–ability students greatly benefited from this selected resource learning process and the advanced
learners benefited more from the open network resources. This research also showed that digital
library's and digital learning centers that contain updated and correct data bases for learners were

Inquiry Based Learning
Inquiry based learning * Inquiry–based instruction is a student–centered and teacher–guided
instructional approach that engages students in investigating real world questions that they choose
within a broad thematic framework. * Inquiry–Based instruction complements traditional instruction
by providing a vehicle for extending and applying the learning of students in a way that connects
with their interests within a broader thematic framework. Students acquire and analyze information,
develop and support propositions, provide solutions, and design technology and arts products that
demonstrate their thinking and make their learning visible.
. Inquiry–based instructional approaches place students at the helm of the learning process ... Show
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Then get them to prepare a questionnaire. (The questionnaire should be structure in a way that it will
gain information about the selected economic activity and its importance during that time). After
making the questionnaires present it to the class. After the presentation, based on the comments they
get, the groups can improve their questionnaires.
Finding out
Interviewing a resource person
Ask the children to be in their groups and concentrate and gain information about the economic
activity that they had chosen so they can become specialized in that particular activity, then bring a
resource person and get him to give information about the early economic activities, how important
it was to the community during the early times, and why most of these activities are declining.
During the lecture get the children to fill in their questionnaires and clear their doubts
Sorting out
Making a comic strip or writing a report
After the interview get the children to discuss about the information they have gained in their groups
about the early economic activity they had chosen and then prepare a comic strip or write a report
about the particular economic activity they specialized in and present it to class. Others will listen to
the presentation from each group and learn more about each economic activity
Going further
Debate
Tell the students that a lot

Adult Learning Theory-Based Learning Theories
The theories that I have identified to meet my phenomenon of concern seem to be best suited for
how nursing students learn to develop and use critical thinking and clinical judgment. The nurse
educator needs to create an environment for student learning and theory–based learning activities
such as simulation, case studies, and concept mapping must be integrated into the nurse educator's
teaching methods. Kolb's Experiential Learning Theory (ELT) and Benner's Novice to Expert Model
can be used as the theoretical framework for these learning activities. There are some other theories
that can be considered as well to explain how students learn.
Adult learning theory proposes that learners are responsible for their own learning and must be self–
directed. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
M. (2010). Concept–mapping as a teaching method to facilitate critical thinking in nursing
education: A review of the literature: Original research. Health SA Gesondheid, 15(1), 1–7.
Retrieved from http://reference.sabinet.co.za/sa_epublication_article/health_v15_n1_a11
Knowles, M., Holton, E. F., & Swanson, R. A. (2005). The adult learner: The definitive classic in
adult education and human resource development (6th ed.). Burlington, MA: Elseveir.
McEwen, M., & Willis, E.M. (2014). Theoretical basis for nursing (4th ed.). Philadelphia, PA:
Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Walker, M. & Stevenson, G. (2016). Learning theory support of simulation to improve nurse's care
of critically ill patients. The Journal of Continuing Education in Nursing, 47(1), 27–31. Retrieved
from

Disadvantages Of Web-Based Learning
Web–based learning leads to the change in roles of teachers and students in learning processes. This
is due to the fact that web–based learning applies the concept of learner–centered approach in
learning. To compare, in traditional ways of teaching and learning, teachers played a big role, which
was as the giver or provider of knowledge (Web–based Learning: Good or Bad?). Students during
that time depended solely on teachers to give information about the topics covered in every subject
that they were learning. It is understandable because technology during that time was not as
advanced as the technology that we have nowadays. Therefore, another way of students to gain
additional information about a particular subject was by going to libraries. ... Show more content on
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As stated in the article of "Orientation to Web–based Learning", unlike in traditional way in learning
which assesses students' achievement through oral and written examinations, web–based learning
introduces more innovative approach, such as through forums, online quizzes and e–portfolio (Web–
based Learning: Good or Bad?). This new assessment approach does not only encourage students be
more creative, for example in conducting a forum, but also helps them to improve their soft skills,
especially communication skills and computer skills. This will then lead to the change in role of
teachers as those new assessment approach stated earlier would be able to overcome the issue of
"examination–oriented teaching", which only strives for students' academic excellence in
examination.
Teachers can now focus on helping students to pass their examinations with flying colors, as well as
polish their soft skills, such as leadership and cooperative skills, in order to produce well–balanced
students academically and socially. Hence, it can be concluded that application of web–based
learning has led to change in the role of teachers and students in learning processes.
Web–based learning is an innovative approach which brings various advantages to teaching and
learning processes. There are a lot of advantages, or prospects of implementing web–based learning
in educational institutions, but the most significant ones are the flexibility, and accessibility and
equal opportunity for

Brain-Based Learning
Brain–Compatible Learning Environments
Jamilyn Hogan
PSY 370: Learning and the Brain
Lynsey Ulibarri
July 18, 2011
Every student learns at his or her own level. When a teacher puts herself in front of a classroom she
or he should consider all the different learning styles in the classroom, and should plan lessons to fit
needs of different students. With brain–based learning (BBL) considered, a teacher can make lessons
around different types of learners and therefore every student can be touched, and can be successful
in the classroom.
What is brain–based learning? "Individual differences observed in the acquisition and processing of
information during the learning process result in style differences in learning." (Duman et ... Show
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The first way that a positive learning environment can be put in place is through practices and
procedures. These practices and procedures should be verbally gone over and also posted in the
classroom. The practices and procedures should be put in place in the first days of school and re–
visited often. Secondly, the physical surroundings are important. From the minute the students walk
into the classroom for the first time, they should be able to look around and get an idea of what they
are going to be learning about. Also of importance is to give attention to the classroom on a regular
basis. The neatness and organization of the classroom is important. Students work and achievements
should be posted around the room. (Veverka, 2011) Organization of the curriculum is also important
to the learning environment. The teacher should not only have a thorough knowledge of the
curriculum, the teacher should also be sure that the curriculum has plans to include all kind of
learning styles. The students should be primed for learning. To prime a student for learning, a good
attention getter should be introduced. Lastly, to enhance a positive learning experience, a team
should be built. The team should include approved volunteers, other staff, parents and grandparent,
and others willing to be a support to the students. Brain–based learning is very dependent of a
positive learning environment, and steps for the learning environment

Project Based Learning Analysis
I think Project Based Learning has a more positive impact on learning and understanding than
traditional learning. When I was an elementary student, I always enjoyed projects more than lectures
because I was never bored. When I'm being talked at in a lecture about new information the
important points tend to go in one ear and out the other. I also know that I understand a concept
better when I'm shown an example or when I try it out myself. When I was in 3rd grade, we had to
make a simple machine, in science. We had two months to work on a machine on our own time at
home. We had to make a basic mechanical device for applying force. The mechanical device had to
include either a pulley, lever, wedge, inclined plane, screw, or a wheel and axle.

Teaching-Learning Based Optimization Algorithm
Teaching−Learning–Based Optimization Algorithm
TLBO is a recently proposed meta–heuristic that imitates a successful and dynamic educational
strategy in a classroom [29–31]. Similar to most evolutionary algorithms, TLBO is a population–
based algorithm. The population consists of some students and a teacher. The teacher is the most
knowledgeable one in the population.
The main advantage of this algorithm over other evolutionary algorithms is that TLBO has no
adjustable parameters, so there is no need to design a tuning mechanism for the parameters. The
educational strategy of this algorithm includes both direct and interactive instruction. Actually, not
only can the students be affected by their teacher, but also they can affect each other.
TLBO algorithm can be divided into two phases: 1– Teaching phase (direct instruction) 2– Learning
phase (interactive instruction). In the teaching phase, the teacher provides information for all the
students and the students learn from their teacher, while in the learning phase they can learn from
each other and develop their skills. The pseudo code of the proposed TLBO algorithm is shown in
Figure 1. Teaching phase
The best member is selected as the teacher in each iteration. The teacher trains his/her students. In
practice the teacher can only improve the mean of the students' knowledge. Students' improvement
depends on the students' aptitude for learning. The knowledge of each student is changed according
to the following equations:

Advantages Of Inquiry Based Learning
2.4.4 Advantages of Inquiry Based Learning A research journal of English teaching made by Sandra
(2014) in titled "The Use of Inquiry Based learning to Foster Students' Centered Learning ", in this
study she stated that there are some advantages of using inquiry based learning as strategy in
teaching learning process. Learning becomes more alive and more active student. Encourage
students to think and work on his own initiative, to be honest, objective, and open. Avoid the
traditional way of learning, the teacher as the master class. Students learn to take advantage of a
variety of learning resources. Train students to learn on their own with the positive so that it can
develop democracy education. In the discussion of such an inquiry, the teacher can know the depth
of students' knowledge and understanding of the concepts being discussed. In addition from Patricia
(2013) in her study about "Inquiry Based Learning in Science Class" stated that there are three
advantages of inquiry based learning. First, this strategy is a learning strategy that emphasizes the
development of cognitive, affective, and psychomotor a balanced way, so that learning through this
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In his study use test in the end of cycle. The researcher use 3 indicator for criteria of success they
are, the increase of students' achievement, the increase activeness of students in learning and the
performance of teacher during teach in learning process. The result show that after the
implementation of inquiry based learning in history subject during learning process the students'
achievement, activeness of the students in learning and performance of teacher during teach in
learning process from cycle I until Cycle II was

Essay On Play Based Learning
Play Based Learning
Learning doesn't always have to be boring sat down with pen and paper. It can be done through
playing.
As a nursery assistant there is a lot of paper work for us to fill out on the childs learning
developments which can be boring for us but a lot of fun for us. We can see them develop through
different play activities. We use different materials to see them develop and learn we use these to
link them to the EYFS. There different sections in the EYFS which we have to cover these are;
communication and language, physical development, personal social and emotional development,
literacy, mathematics, understanding the world and expressive arts and design.
When we do our weekly planning we set it out In a way where we can fit all these into our weekly ...
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These all help the children express themselves through creative activities and also helps their fine
motor skills develop.
Small world – In every room we have a 'home corner' this home corning is made up of kitchen and
dress up items. Most children love this area so we have to take it in turns for them to go in. However
this area is great for them they are developing their communication and language cause they are
always talking to each other, also their personal and social development as they re–enact what they
see thought the day such as having to wash their hands before food, and helps them learn how to get
themselves dressed as they put the clothes on themselves sometimes with help.
Mathematics – We often have a game or set of toys that are related to mathematics this could be
things such as the colour sorting set the children tend to sort the coloured toys into the right coloured
bowl but often you will find the older ones will start to count how many are in each bowl once they
have finished sorting it without prompting

Teaching Session On Problem Based Learning
I appreciated the opportunity to deliver a teaching session on Problem–Based Learning (PBL) for
my classmates. As can be seen in Tables 1 and 2, reviews were overwhelmingly positive, with 94%
of respondents indicating strong agreement or agreement, and the remaining 6% neutral. As it turned
out, the act of giving the presentation was just as informative as the feedback, and provided for
moments of realization on my part in the midst of activity. As can sometimes happen, even a well
thought out idea may not quite work out as you anticipate, either due to a miscalculation in design or
failure to engage students. I wanted to begin with a PBL activity as a way to introduce the idea,
structure, and use of PBL prior to actually defining the method. In the end this strategy was largely
successful, with students sharing, as can be seen in Table 3 outlining comments, "The activity was
good" and "I loved the activity up front and that we were doing PBL before we knew it!"
That said, one student did offer the "first convo was a little shaky; mostly because we were all
tired." For my part, in the midst of the activity I could see some hesitation in students' eyes. It was
not complete confusion, but the look of people cast into the unknown. This, I realized in the
moment, should probably be anticipated each time you try something new in class, or that this may
simply be how PBL plays out when new to students. I improvised and began to offer information as
needed, but if I had this

Inquiry Based Learning In Australia
Inquiry based learning allows students to engage in different learning experiences by being actively
involved. Experiences, which are hands on and engaging helps the student to have the best
opportunity to understand and learn. This method works well with the History component of the
Australian Curriculum and West Australian curriculum as students can base what is being taught to
their personal experiences, helping them to build on their identity (DEEWR, 2009, p.20). Children
are curious about the world around them and inquiry based learning allows children to ask
questions, which they can then investigate and explore. Inquiry based learning allows students to
gather information by using their senses, helping them to be actively involved and ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
The EYLF identifies that children learn from their families as they are their first influential
educators (DEEWR, 2009, p.7). Students can share these experiences with fellow peers assisting
them to build their identity. These may include sharing a family experience or artefact, which links
into the History component of the West Australian and Australian curriculum (School Curriculum
and Standards Authority Government of Western Australia, 2015). Students can engage in their
learning sharing experiences with their peers; however, it also allows others also to participate and
make sense of the world around them. According to DEEWER (2009, p.9) the EYLF states that
children contribute to other children's learning. When an educator uses constructivist, and inquiry
learning approaches students can express their questions with one another allowing them to build on
their knowledge. This then assists the students to implement their critical and creative thinking,
personal and social capability and intercultural understanding to take effect (School Curriculum and
Standards Authority Government of Western Australia, 2015). Offering different experiences are
essential when planning for early childhood student's as this is a vital part of their learning

Play-Based Learning
This essay will discuss the definition of the creative arts, also briefly define and identify the benefits
and significance of the Arts in early childhood education. According to the unit standards, this paper
will determine a summary of the concepts and skills of the four strands (music, dance, drama and
visual arts) of the Creative Arts. Furthermore, identifying and explaining play–based learning as a
pedagogical practice will be focusing on this essay. Additionally, this essay will discuss, how play–
based learning supports children's sensory, intellectual and aesthetic development and artistic
expression using supporting documents such as Australian Curriculum, Assessment and Reporting
Authority [ACARA], (2017. v. 8. 3) and Early Years Learning Framework [EYLF], (2009). Also,
this paper will argue about play–based learning which supports children creativity by creating
connections with the theorists, Rudolf Steiner ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Vygotsky (1896–1934) stated this idea by describing that "Apart from nature, everything around the
world, including culture is based on human imagination" (Nilsson & Ferholt, 2014. p. 925). Duffy
(2006) describes the creative as "the ability to perceive things in new and different ways, gaining
knowledge from past exercises and relating those experiences to figure out how to co–op with new
circumstances. He also explains the creativity as thinking along strange lines and breaking
boundaries, utilising non–conventional ways to deal with the issues, going more distant than the
given information and making something new or unique". Being artistic empowers children to make
relationships with one learning areas to another and develop their knowledge in educational settings.
This area incorporates music, dance, role–play and creative play (Sharp, 2001). Creative arts are the
experiences that affect children's creativity through dance, music, visual arts and dramatic play
(Mills,

Work Based Learning Essay
Work–Based Learning Strategies
The types of Work– Based Learning Strategies are used as one of our indicators under the variable
Work– Based Learning, in order to support and provide its validity. The following activities are the
strategies used by teachers/facilitators in order to help the students acquire knowledge easily and
effectively in a specific area especially in skill related subjects.
Learning by Observation As cited on Wikipedia, field trips offer the students an insight in the latest
technical advancements and business strategies of an enterprise. Students also gain awareness of the
various career opportunities available and understand the driving forces of the community's
economy.
According to Payne, Smith, and Thornton, planned ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Programs under this strategy are the most commonly available form of work–based learning in the
public schools that is designed to assist students in making the alteration of careers. It features
agreements between schools and employers to provide on–the–job experiences that relate to a
student's career focus. These experiences are based on objectives jointly developed by school
personnel and an employer within the student's career area. In a typical cooperative education
program, employers provide paid part–time jobs in the student's career field. A teacher–coordinator
of the cooperative education program arranges placements, develops a training plan with the
employer specifying what the student is expected to learn on–the–job, and makes periodic
supervision visits to the employer's business. The employer evaluates the student's job performance
in consultation with the teacher–coordinator. Cooperative education programs provide paid work
experiences linked to the career/technology program the student is pursuing. Students work on the
job part–time (usually in the afternoon) in a paid position and attend both academic and
occupational–related courses during the remainder of the school

Play Based Learning : A Context For Learning
Play–based learning has been defined as "a context for learning through which children organise and
make sense of their social world as they engage actively with people, objects and representations"
(DEEWR, 2009). Playing is one of the most important parts of a child's development phase. The
characteristics of play include active where children use their bodies and minds in their play,
communicative where children will share knowledge of their play with others, enjoyable where they
will be able to have fun, meaningful as plays help them to build and extend their knowledge and
sociable and interactive as when playing they will need to interact with others. Playing also allows
children to interact with adults and this exchange of ideas between children and adults in play
contexts influence children's continued motivation in the experience. As children develop, the skills,
values and knowledge they have gained from plays will provide the foundations for the next phase.
There are considerable benefits of play for children's learning across all areas of learning. Play is
often associated with the development of intellectual skills and understanding. In play experiences,
children integrate emotions, thinking and motivation that boost effective brain functioning. Children
often use their imagination when playing and this enables them to develop complex cognitive or
intellectual processes. The development of cognitive skills, including dispositions for learning,
memory and thinking

Examples Of Teaching-Learning Based Optimization
CHAPTER 3
TEACHERING–LEARNING BASED OPTIMIZATION (TLBO)
3.1 Teaching –Learning Based Optimization: An overview
Teaching –learning–based optimization (TLBO) is a newly introduced by R.V. Rao in NIT–surat. It
is an evolutionary optimization algorithm that inspired from teaching –learning phenomenon of a
classroom. It is a novel population based algorithm with faster convergence speed without any
algorithm – specific parameters. In TLBO each potential problem is treated as a learner with certain
knowledge. The TLBO consist of two phases Teacher phase and Learner phase, in both phases
learner improves their knowledge from teacher (in teacher phase) and also from classmates (in
learner phase).
In section 3.2 Teacher–learning based optimization is described, Section 3.3 discusses the Teacher–
learning based optimization, Section 3.4 describes the flow of Teacher–learning based optimization
with the help of Flow Chart and finally section 3.5 concluded the chapter.
3.2 Teaching–Learning Based Optimization ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Inspired by the teaching – learning process in the classroom. It is a population –based evolutionary
computer algorithm that modeled on transferring knowledge in the classroom and use student result
to proceed on global solution. TLBO does not need any specific parameters; it only requires
common controlling parameters like population size and number of generations, so it is called
parameter less optimization algorithm. TLBO is divided into two phases: 'Teacher Phase' and
'Learner Phase'. In Teacher phase learners gain knowledge from teacher and then Learner also gain
knowledge from their classmates by mutual interaction, group–discussion etc. in 'Learning

Problem-Based Learning Analysis
Problem–based learning (PBL) has been a great new learning experience throughout this semester.
Throughout the course of the semester, I feel that I have learned many new skills that I can use and
apply throughout my career as an occupational therapist (OT). First, I believe that PBL has taught
me to be a better problem solver. Each week, a new piece of a case was given to us and each week
the goal was to dissect this case into objective, measurable outcomes. In the beginning, I often found
myself getting too caught up in the minute details of the case. Although details are important,
through PBL I have learned to focus my attention onto details of the story that are larger and more
measurable. As a future OT, I need to be able to formulate

Center Based Learning Observation
K is a Kindergarten student currently attending a Center Based Learning school. His teacher
requested an OT consultation due to concerns about classroom functioning skills. Social emotional:
Upon entering the classroom he was observed at the table with other classmates. He sat on a short
wooden modified tomato support chair. He appeared to require this support to maintain balance for
sitting. Fine Motor: During consultation he demonstrated cylindrical grasp for puzzle placement. He
appears to have increased bilateral upper extremity tone when an attempt was made to redirect
extremity for completion of task. He was able to scribble with prompts. He required hand over hand
to complete this task. He demonstrated palmar grasp for picking up

Project-Based Learning Analysis
Storytelling
Project–based learning suggests that curriculum should begin with a comfortable learning
environment, asking questions instead of lecturing (Markham, 2012). Virginia has identifiable
standards designed specifically for four–year–old students, named "Virginia's Foundation Blocks for
Early Learning" (2013). They also use the Phonological Awareness Literacy Screening (PALS)
program to assess developmental milestones (Virginia's Foundation Blocks for Early Learning:
Comprehensive Standards for Four–Year–Olds). "Intentional learning" allows teachers to selectively
implement activities that identify the standards and help each child's learning style (Sherwood &
Freshwater, 2006, p. 3).
Early Learning in Literacy: this domain has 3 subareas, (1) oral language; (2) reading; and (3)
writing ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
For example, asking the students how many pigs were in the story or to estimate the amount of
bricks used on one of the pig's houses. Some students will respond by individually counting and
others may view the manipulatives and instantly say the number aloud. Teaching Strategies assesses
a child's developmental process according to how they count.
Early Learning in Personal & Social Development: this section of Virginia's Pre–K standards has 5
components: (1) self–concept; (2) self–regulation; (3) approaches to learning; (4) interactions with
others; and (5) social problem solving (Virginia's Foundation Blocks for Early Learning:
Comprehensive Standards for Four–Year–Olds, p. 47).
The students will form into small groups and use team–building skills to use art materials, perform,
and create their own story. The sample activity draws on a child's ability to work with others, a skill
needed in succeeding within the corporate world. Being creatively expressive inside the classroom is
vital to one's motivation (Sherwood & Freshwater,

Adventure Based Learning For Teaching
Adventure–Based Learning –Active Teaching Method Used In Teaching Subjects in Tourism In the
article Adventure–Based Learning–Active Teaching Method Used In Teaching Subjects in Tourism,
the authors briefly defined adventure learning and the integrated teaching approach. Stefan, Orboi,
Banes, and Martin (2015) mentioned that adventure learning called for an active and interactive or
collective cooperation of students in teaching; it also encouraged teamwork and competition amid
students; (p. 143). Additionally, they revealed that integrated teaching encompassed a definitive
technique of formulating and planning which generated connections between what students learned
and life happenings (Stefan, Orboi, Banes, and Martin, 2015, p.143). According to the authors,
"teachers offered students the chance to express themselves freely and creatively, creating a
stimulating environment and diversified their personality development" when operating in
integrated teaching (Stefan, Orboi, Banes, and Martin, 2015, p.143). The concentration of the
integrated method was to cultivate preparatory skills, transferable transverse principles beneficial for
communal, and the individual advancement of students. These methods were conducted with the
intention of examining not only individuals but also combined collection of groups on paramount
local and global public issues to learn and develop: personal, social, cognitive, and cultural abilities
(Stefan, Orboi, Banes and Martin, 2015, p. 143).

Concept Based Adult Learning Theory
The adult learning theory suggests that adults learn differently than children. According to Nursing:
A concept–based (2015), the differences in which adults and children differ are by self–concept,
experience, readiness to learn, and time perspective (p. 2502). Before this theory, it was thought that
adults and children could be taught by the same learning style. After research, it is shown that adults
have a differently way of thinking, which leads them to be taught different in order for them to learn
compared to the way children learn. There are several reasons as to why the adult learning theory
suggests adults learn different from children. By adulthood, Nursing: A concept–based (2015)
suggest that "adults already have accumulated life experiences that can enhance their current
learning" (p. 2502). ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Adults also realize that they are responsible for their own decisions and would much rather be given
the option to being self–directed (Nursing: A concept–based, 2015, p. 2502). In order for adults to
want to learn, they need a reason behind it. Adults should be instructed as to why they need to know
the information. To be able to be taught, the adult has to be ready to learn. It is hard to teach
someone something when they have no desire to want to learn. Nursing: A concept–based (2015)
states that "Adults are life centered, task centered, or problem centered in their approach to learning"
(p. 2502). Adults tend to have the readiness to learn if they know it is going to benefit themselves.
They also need to have the motivation to be taught. Some examples of internal pressures include
enhanced self–esteem, quality of life, or a better job satisfaction (Nursing: A concept–based, 2015, p

Problem Based Learning Group Analysis
In my problem base learning group, we had to solve a problem about incorporating problem based
learning in the school. At first was hard to understand how to begin the project but being able work
with other students, it helped to clear up any confusion. In this school, we only had limited amount
of space and supplies. My group decided to meet together and present a powerpoint that would solve
this problem. During our brainstorming process, we all came up with different ideas to solve the
issue. My group decided to show a powerpoint that explained how to solve problem, an example of
a lesson plan, and statistics on the benefits of problem based learning. I contributed to the ideas of
using a website for teacher to be able to look when the classroom with the supplies were available,
the teacher then would be able to sign up for when they can use this room. This option would help
any of the teacher to already have a set time to use this room for problem based learning. The next
thing my group discussed was about showing an example of a lesson plan. We all decided to for the
students to use laptop carts and the students to be partner up in groups. The groups would each get a
planet to research about and present their own information they found in front of the class. This type
of lesson plan helps the students ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The benefits of problem based learning is it helps make learning more relevant to the students by
giving problems that can address real world issues. Problem based learning helps to engage a
broader range of different learners ands helps the students understand a problem better. The statistics
of problem based learning shows they significant difference in students test scores when they
establish problem based learning in their lessons. Problem based learning has helps students
improved on high–order thinking, memory, and problem

Project Based Learning Essay
Projects based learning is designed to focus on the growth and development of the children across
the learning areas. The children are allowed to explore and discover the subject of their choosing.
They are allowed to use their cognitive skill to discover how thing change and how they are created.
Children build their motor skills and their other skills as well. They are allowed to learn at their own
pace and using their own learning style. The children also learn from each other through peer
teaching, their build their language skills. One project based learning ideas is 50th day of school.
This project is designed to help children know how many days we have been school. This would be
for preschool age children that are learning how to count. Each of the learning station would have
items reflecting 50. We change the sand and water table by placing 50 items in there ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Seuss reading and math activities. We would design the rooms around some of Dr. Seuss books and
add the books to the areas. The children would be able to choose form the books to read at their
leaguer. Our main focus would be on One Fish Two Fish and Fox in Socks. This project would also
be for preschool student ages 3–4 years old. We would have the children to being in silly or different
color socks and we could place them in the manipulative area so that they could sort the socks by
size and by color. We could also place different type of fish in the sand and water table so that the
children could also sort them. In the art area we would make sure that we have pictures that the
children can color and also books that they will be able to choose from to cut and paste different
pictures of sock and fish. The dramatic play area would be designed be like to book Fox in Socks. At
the end of the project we would allow the children to wear silly socks to school and reenact the book
Fox in Socks.

Computer Based Learning
ABSTRACT
Learning is a process that is influenced significantly by the combination and interactions of three
main areas of influence: agent, activity and world. A number of writers have used other descriptions
for these influencing factors. In the succeeding discussion of computer–based learning
environments, we have found it useful to describe learning using a framework of three mutually
constitutive elements based on these factors which represent the actions and activities of the
different elements in the learning process: the learner, the teacher and the learning materials
[Herrington & Oliver, 1996].
This framework of three elements provides a useful form for considering factors influencing
instruction and learning in computer–based ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
[Herrington & Oliver, 1996]
The evolution of the World Wide Web, recent developments in interactive software, and the
emergence of systems thinking provide a unique opportunity to create interactive, web–based
simulations that address student learning. This topic explores current theory of mental model
formation and its role in student understanding. It describes the potential of computer simulation to
enhance student learning, defined as a change in a student's mental model. As web–based
simulations are newly emerging, further discussion is provided in hopes of exploring the
opportunities.
DISCUSSION OF CURRENT ISSUES
Computer based learning, as it stands, has plenty of disadvantages, but many in business and
educational arenas remain optimistic about its future. There are two indisputable truths about
computer–based learning, or e–learning. First, it will revolutionize education and second, such a
future is just around the block. Educational experts agree that most types of study are not yet
effective when delivered purely online, mainly because of bandwidth limitations, expensive set–up
costs, continued resistance to the medium and a shortage of quality course content.
Despite these problems, e–learning has already established a strong foothold, albeit as an adjunct to
traditional, instructor–led teaching. The main success in e–learning, is the improved standard of
support that students receive. [Sydney

Community Based Learning
Community based learning is the optimal learning experience for students. This is when practice can
be put into action. Students can go to the store and practice finding their hygiene supplies where
they are in located in the store. Also, students can go to the dentist. The dentist or the dental
hygienist can have a lesson for the students on proper oral healthcare and explore different models
of teeth. Another place for students to visit could be a beauty salon. There the students could learn
the best basic skin care, basic learning of how to apply different makeup looks, and hair care
routines. Students can learn to go to a department store and learn about the layout of the store and
have them decide which department they need to shop in for their age. Then have them try on
clothes, in the fitting room to ensure privacy, that are ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Students should learn how to take clothes off, buttoning and unbuttoning fasteners, lacing up and
tying shoes. This is also time for learning the different articles of clothing– i.e. short and long sleeve
shirts, dress pants, jeans, shorts, coats, jackets, belts, ties, undergarments, etc. Likewise, orienting
the parts of clothing, knowing that the tag can be in the back, or side seam of the shirt and also on
the inside of the shirt. Shirts that are pulled on need to be pulled on from the bottom. Button up
shirts should be taught that the buttons go in the front and the solid panel goes in the back. Labeling
should be incorporated so that students can match clothes with ease. In addition, learning to dress
for the weather should be taught during this time. An important aspect of dressing is learning how
clothes should properly fit. To help with learning how clothes should fit, have the student try on
clothes that are too big and too small and also learn about age–appropriate clothes. Once a student is
able to dress themselves, they should be ensuring privacy while they

Work Based Learning
Introduction
Work–based learning (WBL) as a method for learning is playing an increasing role in professional
development and lifelong learning. There are lots of publications/articles available on Work–Based
Learning, but the definitions and implementations vary from place to place. A Glass, K Higgins and
A McGregor say that 'Work based learning is any training that relates directly to the requirements of
the jobs on offer in your organization'. This is one of the examples of WBL in the form of training.
Work–based Learning is used as a terms in USA, for programs for school children to obtain
experience from work ("Work–based Learning Guide 2002"). According to (Kathleen A. Paris and
Sarah A. Mason) it gives a chance to young people ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
According to Arie De guess Head of planning Royal Dutch Shell "The ability to learn faster than
your competitors may be the only competitive advantage".
Web: Source
In the following section we will focus on Work Based Learning a part of organizational learning
which helped organizations to gain competitive advantage.
Advancement of Organizational Learning
Many companies are very keen and ready to clinch Work Base Learning in an organization, not
mainly because it provide you with lifelong learning, but also it is an important ingredient of what
Senge (1990) has termed as the 'learning organization'. A learning organization is a place in which
the learning and flair of persons is backed and promoted so that the organization itself be able to
form its future and it also very important to gain competitive advantage.
According to Eraut et al (1998), the expression 'workplace learning', is a mainly out of sight element
of lifelong education and one which has not been accorded the distinction it deserves in
strategy/policy credentials. Referring to their argument that the 'formal learning' at workplace (the
main focus of UK) provides only a small part of what is learned at work. Most of the learning that
takes place is not intended and is non–formal that results from the challenge of the work itself and
from connections with people in the workplace. Attaining the goals of work needs new learning, that
can be accomplished by a blend of thoughts,

Play-Based Learning Analysis
As you drive past a playground, you hear the laughter and loud voices of children. In that exact
moment, you may not be aware that they are in fact developing crucial skills that will be utilized
throughout their entire life. It seems as if something so simple as playing with peers is incapable of
occupying such influential power. Conversely, play–based learning presents endless possibilities and
enhancements for children. Encouraging mental growth and providing an environment to do so at a
young age is imperative. Children learn in various ways, but play based learning tends to produce
higher motivation, as well as implant vital life skills because it provides opportunity for indirect
instruction. Education is commonly viewed as teaching ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The many different types of play and components that can be shifted around, provide a variety of
beneficial experiences for the kids. They are enjoying this learning process and are unaware of the
impact it will have on their current and future lives. Finding one method of instruction that hits all of
the developmental goals is difficult, but play based learning touches on social, emotion, cognitive,
and even physical. This method of teaching is a perfect match for the youth because of the timing in
which they are obtaining symbolic thinking processes. Play based learning is a successful strategy
that prepares children for the future by embedding essential life

Observation Of Community Based Learning
Through careful interpretations, and observations at my community based learning site, I was able to
observe and distinguish real–life situations outside the books we read and use in class. This has
aided me understand more about kids and how to help them build a strong foundation for their
future. My community based learning (CBL) site is a model, which has opened my eyes to
comprehend more about life and different life stories for me to become a better person in the future.
For instance, a picture on the wall at the ascension after school program building which says, "Treat
people the way you want to be treated", has made me realize the fact that if I want to be treated with
respect, then I must treat others with respect. This has helped

Task-Based Learning

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