antacids

1. ANTACIDS DRUG
PRESENTATION
SCHOOL OF NURSING
GALGOTIAS
UNIVERSITY

2. ANTACIDS
 An Antacid is any substance, generally a base or
basic salt, which neutralizes stomach acidities.
They are used to relieve acid indigestion, upset
stomach, sour stomach, and heartburn.

3. ANTACID COMPOUNDS
 Antacids are weak bases that are used to neutralize excess stomach acid.
 Most antacids are weak inorganic bases.
 Common examples include
 CaCO2
 NaHCO3
 AI(OH)3
 Mg(OH)2
 MgO and Mg(OH)3 (Milk of Magnesia)

4. ACTION MECHANISM
 Antacids perform a neutralization reaction, i.e. they buffer gastric acid,
raising the pH to reduce acidity in the stomach. When the gastric hydrochloric
acid reaches the nerves in the gastrointestinal mucosa, they signals pain to
the central nervous system. This happens when these nerves are exposed, as
in peptic ulcers. The gastric acid may also reach ulcers in the esophagus or
the duodenum.

5. CAUSES OF EXCESSIVE RELEASE OF ACIDS
IN THE STOMACH
 Alcohol Consumption.
 Eating Certain Foods.
 Smoking.
 Certain Drugs, i.e. Aspirin.
 Stress.

6. REQUIREMENT TO FORM THE ANTACID
 Burettes, pipettes, titration flasks, measuring flasks, beakers, weight box,
fractional weights, sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, hydrochloric acid.
phenolphthalein.

7. ANTACIDS ARE AVAILABLE AS
REQUIREMENT
 Capsules.
 Tablets.
 Powder.
 Chewable Tablet.
 Suspension.

8. DRUG NAMES
 Aluminum hydroxide.
 Magnesium hydroxide.
 Calcium carbonate.
 Sodium bicarbonate.
 Histamine.
 Cimetidine.

9. SOME IMPORTANT
COMMONLY USED ANTACIDS
 ALUMINIUM HYDROXIDE.
 MAGNESIUM HYDROXIDE.
 CALCIUM CARBONATE.
 SODIUM BICARBONATE.

10. USES OF ANTACID
 It bring down the percentage of acidity in our stomach and preventd mucus
lining in the stomach.
 It prevent from HEART BURN that can to our stomach lining.
 It also prevent from the ULCER.

11. SIDE EFFECT OF ANTACID
 MAGNESIUM COMPOUNDS may cause diarrhea.
 ALUMINIUM COMPOUNDS may cause constipation and they also may interface
with the adsorption of phosphates in the formation of bones. This is more
likely to be true if they are taken for an extended period of time.
 CARBONATES may generate carbon di oxide leading to bloating and flatulence.
 CALCIUM COMPOUNDS containing may also increase cakcium output in the
urine, which might be associated with kidney stones.
 SODIUM increased intake of sodium may be deleterious for arterial
hypertention, heart failure and many renal diseases.

12. WHO CANNOT TAKE ANTACIDS
 Patient with kidney failure or heart burn diseases sodium bicarbonate has high
sodium content and is not appropriate for people who are on salt restricted
diet or have congestive heart failure high blood pressure or kidney problem.
In pregnant if a lady is pregnant antacids are safetous for heart burn
symptoms but do not use antacid.

13. INDICATIONS WHEN WE TAKE ANTACIDS
 When heart burn is there when we take antacid to reduce the heartburn.
 A typical feeling of restlessness.
 Indigestion.
 Feeling of nausea and actual vomiting.

14. NURSING RESPONSIBILITY
 Patients with hypertension should use low sodium antacids.
 Use with caution with other medications due to many drug interactions.
 Most medications should be given 1 to 2 hours after giving antacids.
 Antacids may cause premature dissolving of enteric coated medications,
resulting in stomach upset.
 Monitor for side effects:
 Nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea.

15. THANK YOU