2. DEFINITIONS
■ “The process of involving raising the level of mental
health among people in a community and reducing the
number of suffering with mental illness”.
k.lalitha.
■ “The applications of knowledge of psychiatric nursing
in preventing, promoting and maintaining mental health
of the people to help in early diagnosis and care and to
rehabilitate the clients after mental illness”.
bimla kapoor.
3. CONTI……
■ “To promote, maintain and conserve the health of
population aggregates in the community with
emphasis on mental health”.
.
BT.Basavanthappa
■ “Community mental health nurses will utilize the
systematic and scientific knowledge of psychiatric
nursing, to render psychiatric mental health care
services to the needy or home or as close as possible, where
the client lives”.
K. Neeraja
4. SCOPE OF COMMUNITY MENTAL
HEALTH
Community mental health nurses will apply
systematic, scientific knowledge to adopt
nursing process in rendering care to the
mentally ill. Varied community facilities are
available to provide mental health care for
total population.
5. HALF WAY HOMES
Client may not be required total hospitalization,
but yet they are not ready for complete
independent living, still he may require
supervision in some aspects like continuity of
medication etc. able to carry rest of the activities.
Before placing the client complete in home; to
observe the pattern of adjusting to the home
environment, client along with family members
facilities are regularly provided.
6. GROUP HOMES
■ 15-20 recovered clients with significant
mental illness will be placed in a home. It
may or may not belong to hospital. They
will live like a society, provides moral,
emotional and social support to each other.
7. FOSTER HOMES
■ Clients will get home like environment,
placement may be a temporary or
permanent.
■ To receive services like family care, social
agencies will appoint certain volunteer
families to take care of the client in post
recovery period.
8. CONTI…….
■ DAY HOSPITAL OR CENTRES:
Day centres was introduced in 1946, where
the client will receive treatment, services during
day time; client develops discipline and routine in
life. It is one of the methods under partial
hospitalization.
■ QUARTERWAY HOME:
Located within the hospital campus not
having the regular services of hospital staff,
clients will carry out the activities.
9. SHELTERED WORKSHOP
■ Work oriented rehabilitation facility with a
controlled working environment to fulfill
individual’s vocational goals.
■ The clients after discharge may be finding it
difficult to compete in general society. The
clients will try to utilize their experience and
abilities with relearning and lead normal
independent living.
10. CONTI…….
SELF HELP GROUPS
■ These members will help the individual as
well as family members of affected individual
interactional skill training and occupational
training ect will provided.
SUICIDE PREVENTION CENTRES:
■ Voluntary agencies are helping in identifying
the risky population and assisting them in
supportive services.
11. CONT….
■ WALK IN CLINICS: Without any prior
appointment, if any emergency occurs
diagnostic or therapeutic services will be
provided for 24hr basis.
■ HOME VISITS: Community health team
individually conducts domiciliary visits
and provides care to the needy people.
12. CONT…..
■ SELF HELP GROUPS:
These members will help the individual as well
as family members of affected individual
interactional skill training and occupational
training ect will provided.
■ SUICIDE PREVENTION CENTRES:
Voluntary agencies are helping in identifying the
risky population and assisting them in
supportive services. Eg: Bangalore, Mumbai,
and New Delhi.
13. FACTORS INFLUENCING
MENTAL HEALTH
INTERNAL FACTORS
1) Biological
2) Intelligence
3) Emotional
4) Social nature
5) Heredity
EXTERNAL FACTORS
1. Environment after birth
i.Accidents&incident in life.
ii.Physical environment and
iii medical care nourishment.
2. Social & cultural factors
i.Parents & family
ii.Parents attitudes
iii.Child rearing practice
3. Neighbourhood relationship
i. schooling
4. Peer group relation ship
5. Education & vocation
6. Power&status of country
7. Position of child in a family
8. Environmental insecurity
9. Economic & social status
14. INTERNAL FACTORS
■ HEREDITY: It plays their part at the time of
conception in the mother’s womb. Genes and
chromosomes at this time transferred from
parents to their offsprings, constitutes the
heredity contribution.
■ The physical structure, nervous system&
constitutional makeup, body chemistry and
physical development are decided by hereditary
factors.
■ If the hereditary contributions are satisfactory,
then with minimum efforts of the environmental
forces, we get satisfactory results.
15. BIOLOGICAL AND CONSTITUTIONS
FACTORS
■ A person’s constitutions make-up, somatic structure,
physique and chemistry influence the mental health of the
person.
■ A child who is physically weak or have internal deformities
cannot be expected to achieve satisfactory result in terms of
his normal mental health development.
■ He usually suffers from illness which not only affect physical
growth but also affects mental and emotional development of
the person.
■ The nervous system which controls the body movement&
maintains a persons mental health mainly cognitive function
of the person
16. CONTI…….
■ Endocrine and ductless glands- affects mental health
of the person from his birth. The chemistry of the
body is governed by these glands.
■ Each of these glands seceretes its own chemicals
known as harmones.these hormones reach the blood
stream& get circulates throughout the day.
■ They influence all those tissues on which depend the
function of body system, emotional actions and
thoughts & therefore the functioning of the ductless
glands influence the mental, emotional and moral
development of the person.
17. CONT…..
■ Defective constitutions make-up likely
ugly face, short stature& deformity of the
body may give feelings of inferiority in the
child. He faces adjustment problems in the
social environment and affects personality
of the child.
18. INTELLIGENCE
■ It as the ability to learn, adjust and take right
decision at right time has a significant role in
mental health.
■ An intelligent person is said to exercise
reasonable control over his emotions and is found
to carry on well with his personal and social
adjustment.
■ we cannot expect problem solving behaviour,
creative, imaginary and inventive ability from a
child who having subnormal intelligence.
19. EMOTIONAL FACTORS
■ Emotional adjustability and maturity play a big role in
influencing mental health of the person.
■ A child who is found to be overwhelmed by negative
emotions like fear, anger ect is adversely affect his
mental health.
■ If a person cannot exercise a reasonable control over his
emotions, he will face difficulty in his social adjustment.
■ He may find himself a failure in doing some serious
mental activity and he may spoil his mental health.
20. SOCIAL NATURE
■ A person’s socialization helps him in
achieving adjustment and advancement in
his development
21. EXTERNAL FACTORS
1. ENVIRONMENT AFTER BIRTH:
i. Accidents and incidents in life:The individual
is greatly influenced by the good & bad
incidents&accidents which happens to meet in
his life time .
eg: nervous system is damaged in an accident, will
affect social, moral, emotional and physical.
22. CONT…..
ii.Physical environment& medical care
nourishment
■ A child mental health is greatly influenced by
the quality of his physical environment &
medical care nourishment available to him of
his living & working.
■ This includes open space, balanced diet, good
living& working conditions & proper medical
care.
23. SOCIAL & CULTURAL
FACTORS
i. parents& family members:
■ care received by a child from their parents & family
members greatly influence mental health of the person.
■ Good parental care leads to good mental health.
parental attitudes:
■ special important how parents feels about their children’s
appearance, their abilities& their achievements have a
marked influence on the child’s mental health & on how the
children feels about themselves.
.
24. CONT…..
Child rearing practices:
■ It is used in the home is important in
shaping the mental health of the child.
Strict, authoritarian discipline,
accompanied by frequent & harsh corporal
punishment, tends to build up resentments
against all persons in authority& creates
feeling of inferiority.
25. NEIGHOBOURHOOD
RELATIONSHIP
i. Schooling:
■ Teacher plays an important role in the child personality
development. the teacher should have good control over
the students & have good relationship with the children
will influence mental health of the child.
PEER GROUP RELATIONSHIP:
■ The child move from the family & get close with their
peers. Here parental contact reduces& they make close
relationship with peer group. Good peer group
relationship influence mental health of the person or child.
26. CONT…
EDUCATION AND VOCATION
■ It provides good job satisfaction& best care to the
society& helps in improvement in mental health.
POWER AND STATUS OF THE COUNTRY:
■ Good quality of the power& status enjoyed by the country
influence the mental health. Gives freedom to the children
or individual& there by it promotes mental health.
POSITION OF CHILD IN A FAMILY:
■ It has an effect on their developing personalities.
differences in the child rearing practices used by parent
with different children will affect the mental health of the
child.
27. ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL
STATUS
■ Low economic status, poverty affects the mental
health of the child.
ENVIRONMENTAL INSECURITY:
■ Death, divorce, separation or social mobility
affects young children’s mental health& they feel
insecure& different from their peer. it leads to
nervous, tense, anxious& highly competitive and
aggressive in their peer relationships.
