This slide trace a link between cooperative institution, farmers, agriculture and global warming. It shows how agriculture activity induce global warming.

1. Global Warming and
Cooperatives: Capacity
Building of Farmers
Dr. A. K. Asthana, ( MBA,Ph.D.,Research Guide)
Director, Institute of Cooperative
Management,Bhopal
dearasthana@gmail.com

2. INTRODUCTION
• The impact of global warming is spatial
and across the regions, sectors and
social groups.
• Extent of vulnerability is variable in each
region, sector, ecosystem and social
group
•

3. • Vulnerability to Global Warming 2 type
• Bio-physical vulnerability (refers to physical
condition of landscape and its impact on human and
bio-diversity)
• social vulnerability

4. • Amongst the regions, developing nations
are more vulnerable than the developed
nations.
• Due to the fact that most of the
developing nation’s economy is
predominantly agrarian

5. • Global warming has its ugly
manifestation in uncertainty of rain,
unpredictable weather pattern, extreme
temperature and increased incidence of
cyclonic event.
• Agriculture is on the forefront of
vulnerable sectors.

6. • Greenhouse gases (GHGs) emissions
have
• Carbon dioxide (CO2), Nitrous Oxide
(N2O) and Methane (CH4) are three major
GHGs.
• GHGs trap out-going long wave radiation
and bounce it back to earth surface.

7. • Increase in global temperature is due to
Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from
fossil fuels,
• land use and agriculture practice also
play significant roles in built up of
concentration of GHGs.

8. Global Warming and Impact on
Agriculture
• Ricardian models conclude that agricultural
productivity first improves as temperatures
go from cold to warm, then deteriorates
going from warm to hot

9. • Negotiations amongst the nations
revolved around four key issues;
• Transfer of green technology transfer,
• Mitigation Strategy,
• Adaptation of existing technology and
practice
• Finance.

10. • Strategy to handle global warming should
lay emphasis on alternate mitigation
mechanism that is less technical and
require less investment.

11. • General belief carbon dioxide
(CO2), released by burning of fossil fuel is
the most important GHG.
• Conventional tillage practice in
agriculture also produces significant
carbon dioxide emission

12. • . As per FAO estimate cultivation of about
1.8 million sq km of arable land to
produce corn and wheat release 18
million tones of carbon dioxide annually

13. • FAO indicates that agriculture related
deforestration may emit 2.4 billion tones
of carbon dioxide into atmosphere
annually
• Carbon is potent GHG.
• 1. Its released in atmosphere is significant
• 2. it remained in atmosphere for at least 100 years

14. • Agriculture has capacity to reduce GHG(
Carbon dioxide)
• 1. Photosynthesis ( absorption of CO2 by
plant)
• 2, Sequestration(absorption of CO2 by Soil)
• (Carbon fixing plant like soyabean, pulse, by crop rotation)

15. • 3. Use of Bio-fuel
•
( ethanol in petrol )
• from sugar processing and Jetropha.

16. • To increase productivity of agriculture use of
chemical fertiliser
• Use of nitrogen based fertilizer
• Farmers tend to use excess nitrogen based
fertiliser
• Application of nitrogen based fertiliser should
be near to active root for proper absorption of
nitrogen by plant.

17. • Excess nitrogen or unulitilized nitrogen
released Nitrous Oxide (N2O)in atmosphere.
• Nitrous oxide is another potent GHG with
global warming potential of 296 (1 tone of
nitrous oxide has warming effect of 296 tones of
carbon dioxide)

18. • In agriculture, flooded soil such as those
used for rice cultivation and other
cultivated wetland crops give emission of
methane (CH4).
• Manure from cows, sheep, goats and
camels are also source of methane (CH4)
emission.

19. • Manure produced by livestocks emit
methane (CH4) and/or nitrous oxide(N2O)
during storage and later its application to
soil.
• Methane (CH4) is also very potent GHG
with global warming potential of 23.(1
tone of methane has warming effect of 23 tones of
carbon dioxide)

20. • Mitigation of emission from agriculture
requires relevant agriculture
management practice.
• This can be achieved by sustained
education and training to farming
community so that farmers can
contribute towards easing global
warming by knowledge management.

21. • In Bali conference it was agreed upon by
the nations that mitigation action would
be supported by capacity buildings in a
measurable, reportable and verifiable
manner.

22. • India can well tackle global warming
problem by capacity building of farming
community and adopting environmentfriendly farming practice.
•
•
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