National 5 Computing Science Web Pages

2. HTML
HTML is a computer language used to describe what is to appear on a web
page.
HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup Language.
You can view the HTML that makes up any web page by right-clicking on the
pages and selecting view source.

3. HTML
This is a sample HTML page

4. HTML
Producing a website by writing HTML is a slow process.
It’s more common to use WYSIWYG software to do this. They allow the user to
drag and drop and format content and then create the HTML source
automatically.

5. Browsers
A web browser is a program which lets you display the information from
websites.
Browsers interpret HTML to display correct web page layout
Features:
Favourites / Bookmarks
History
Preferences (zoom, print)
Transfer of files across internet (FTP)

6. Browsers
The top 5 web browsers are:
Google Chrome
Firefox
Internet Explorer
Safari
Opera

7. URLs
A URL is an address which identifies a resource on the Internet e.g. a web
page.
URL is short for Uniform Resource Locator

8. URLs
A URL consists of
a protocol
a domain name
a path
a filename

9. URLs
A URL consists of
a protocol
a domain name
a path
a filename

10. URLs
A URL consists of
a protocol
a domain name
a path
a filename

11. URLs
A URL consists of
a protocol
a domain name
a path
a filename

12. Hyperlinks
Hyperlinks are at the heart of the world wide web, allowing the user to quickly
navigate from one web page to another either in the same website or another
website.

13. Hyperlinks
Hyperlinks can be absolute or relative.
An absolute hyperlink uses a complete URL
e.g. http://forrestercomputing.wikispaces.com

14. Hyperlinks
Hyperlinks can be absolute or relative.
A relative hyperlink will describe the path from the current file location to the
destination file location.
e.g. a web page called news.html located in the same folder as the current web
page could be accessed by the relative address /news.html

15. Hyperlinks
The relative hyperlink from index.html to
topnews.html would be:
/news/topnews.html
The absolute link would be:
http://www.mysite.com/news/topnews.html

16. Hyperlinks
Why use relative hyperlinks?
If at any point the user decides to migrate their website from www.mysite.com
to, say
www.mynewsite.com
all the relative links will continue to work.
However, absolute addresses will continue to point to www.mysite.com and so
each link would need to be updated manually.

17. Hotspots
A hotspot on a web page which is activated when the mouse is rolled over it
(rather than clicked).
When the mouse hovers over a hotspot, something happens e.g. image is
zoomed.
In this example from amazon.com the main
product image changes as the mouse rolls
over the different thumbnail images

18. Navigation
There are a range of ways to navigate the internet using a web browser:
Entering the URL of a web page
Using a search engine to find a specific web page
Using bookmarks to navigate to a favourite page
Using history to navigate to a recently viewed page
Clicking hyperlinks
Clicking breadcrumbs to visit pages further up in the structure
Using forward and backward buttons on a browser