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Big Bang Theory.pptx
- 2. BIG BANG THEORY A theory which states that at approximately 14 billion years ago, a hot dense mass experienced a huge explosion As a result of the explosion, fast moving clouds of gases were produced which we call NEBULA
- 4. NEBULA
- 5. BIG BANG THEORY IN A SCIENTIST’S PERSPECTIVE Big Bang theory according to scientists’ is not an explosion The universe started very small that quickly expanded
- 6. NUCLEOSYNTHESIS A process responsible for the formation of elements Can be classified into three types which are as follows: Big Bang Nucleosynthesis Stellar Nucleosynthesis Supernova Nucleosynthesis
- 7. BIG BANG NUCLEOSYNTHESIS From the expansion of the universe, the subatomic particles were formed namely protons, neutrons, and electrons Later on these particles, with proper combinations, became hydrogen and helium In here a key ratio happened which says the universe at that time was composed of 75% Hydrogen and 25% Helium
- 8. STELLAR NUCLEOSYNTHESIS This takes place by the fusion at the center of stars Stars use fuels in order to continue its life span Main fuels in the form of Hydrogen and Helium When a star uses up its fuel, it will collapse causing an increase in temperature and pressure that allows stars to fuse heavier elements
- 9. Stars generate energy by burning hydrogen into helium
- 10. Helium is heavier than hydrogen so it sinks to the core
- 11. Stars’ core temperature increases leading to the fusion of helium into carbon
- 12. This process of the core continues until it reaches iron
- 13. Iron core becomes so dense causing a merge between protons and electrons later on leading to a collapse forming a neutron star
- 14. The neutron core crushes further
- 15. In a split second the core heats up into billions of degrees and explodes outwards which we call supernova
- 16. SUPERNOVA NUCLEOSYNTHESIS SUPERNOVA – a violent explosion that results when a star runs out of fuels and reaches the end of its life After the explosion it creates a strong shockwave which pushes all elements inside the core of the star out to the space giving favorable conditions for other elements to be formed
- 18. SHORT QUIZ 1. At approximately how many years ago did the big bang explosion occur? 2. What do you call the cloud of gases produced after the big bang explosion? 3. What is term for the process responsible for the formation of elements? 4-6. What are the three classifications of your answer in item number 3?
- 19. SHORT QUIZ 7. Give one of the three subatomic particles mentioned in our discussion. 8-9. After the big bang nucleosynthesis, how many percent of the universe’s composition was hydrogen? helium? 10-11. What main elements does a star use as its fuel? 12. The process of nuclear fusion in stars stop when it reaches what element?
- 20. SHORT QUIZ 13. What do you call the star formed when the iron core of a star collapses? 14. What do you call the violent explosion that results when a star runs out of fuel? 15. After a star explosion, what disturbance pushes all elements inside the core of the star out to the space?