1. Analysis of the Power Quality of Multiple Directed Energy Loads on an Electric Ship Power System June 17, 2010 Picture from Boeing

2. Outline Overall Objectives Motivation for Electric Ships & Integrated Power Systems Overview of Free Electron Lasers States of Readiness for the FEL Simulink Model of the FEL (and Combined Systems) Results

3. Objectives Determine the needed infrastructure and supporting equipment for the expected loads (FEL, rail gun, SONAR, radar, propulsion, etc.) Anticipate the possible time-dependent power profiles based upon expected operational scenarios Study transient effects on the power system Provide a basis for a real time simulator for personnel training

4. Integrated Power Systems Conventional, segregated power systems isolate the majority of power production for propulsion Integrated power systems (IPS) provide a common power grid for all loads, including propulsion Segregated Integrated

5. Components Modeled Our computational model incorporates the following systems, all powered by an IPS: Free Electron Laser (FEL) AN/SQQ-90 Sonar System Electromagnetic Rail Gun Active Denial System Advanced Radar Electromagnetic Aircraft Launch System Laser Weapon System Propulsion Hotel Loads

6. What is an FEL? No physical medium to damage Natural scaling to very high average power No harmful chemicals or exhaust Technology can be designed for a wide range of wavelengths Excellent optical mode quality Good “wall-plug” efficiency (using an energy recovery linac)

7. Collaboration with NAVSEA, UTA-CEM, Stanford, AES, JLab FEL Component Overview(maximum power draw)

8. FEL States of Readiness [~4000 GPH for normal cruise operations, excluding FEL]

9. Pierside

10. Underway

11. Hot Standby

12. Engagement

13. Operational Readiness Between Shots

14. FEL Simulink Model IPS/6000 VDC 112 VAC 450 VAC 600 VDC 4160 VAC 45 kVDC High fidelity models exist for the other loads, as well as a combined hi/fi model.

15. Perturbations Induced by Starting FEL Cooling Units 450 VAC & 600 VDC Buses 600 VDC bus volts Volts, Amps 450 VAC bus line-to-line volts Line amperes/100 Time (s)

16. Perturbations Induced by Starting FEL Cooling Units Four, 3-Phase Windings Generator Line Amperes Time (s)

17. Loss of One Phase of Main Generator Line a1 (A) DC bus (V x 104) Line-to-linea1-b1 (V) DC bus (A x 104)

18. Low Impedance Fault on 450 VAC Bus Line Current(A/100) 600 VDC bus (V) 450 VAC busline-to-line (V)

19. Electric Ship Simulator Concept FEL Rail Gun NPS Electric Ship Simulator Radar Operator (Admiral, students) Sonar Propulsion LaWS