This document provides a preview of information about hazardous materials and CBRNE operations for first responders. It defines terrorism according to the FBI and outlines biological agents to use ERG #158 for. It describes the roles of first responders to identify hazards, assist agencies, and protect people. It discusses nerve agents including signs/symptoms and treatments. The document also covers concentrations within a chemical cloud, M8 paper for detecting liquids, using personal protective equipment, and personal dosimeters.

1. Brave Training Solutions
www.Bravetraining.com
Copyright 2015
H-26 V-1
PREVIEW OF
HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
FIRST RESPONDER/RECEIVER
CBRNE OPERATIONS

2. DISCLAIMER
The information contained in this presentation is
based upon the most current information
available at the time of production
Every attempt has been made to provide up to
date material in an easy to use format
State & local regulations may be different & it is
the instructors responsibility to update this
presentation

3. FBI DEFINITION OF
TERRORISM
The unlawful use, or threatened use, of violence
by a group or individual which is committed
against persons or property with the intent of
intimidating or coercing a government or its
population in furtherance of political or social
objectives

4. BIOLOGICAL
Bacteria
Viruses
Rickettsia
Toxins
Use ERG # 158 for all biological agents

5. OPERATIONS
First Responders or First Receivers are
individuals who respond to releases or
potential releases of hazardous substances or
who will be receiving patients from the
incident
They are trained so as to be able to protect
nearby people, property or the environment
from the effects of the release

6. OPERATIONS
Identify additional hazards associated with an
incident
Identify assistance provided by various levels of
responding agencies
Identify DOT Hazard class & division of
Nerve agents Vesicants
Blood agents Chocking agents
Irritant Biological agents &
toxins

7. OPERATIONS
Describe procedures listed in the local ERP or
SOP for decontamination of a large number
of people
Identify items to be considered in a safety
briefing prior to allowing personnel into a hot
zone
Describe procedures listed in local ERP or SOP
for preserving evidence at suspected terrorist
or criminal incidents

8. FACTORS IN DETERMINING
TERRORISTS TARGETS
Visibility Criticality
Value Access
Threat Population capacity
Mass causalities

9. CONCENTRATION WILL
VARY WITHIN CLOUD
X
Wind
50 ppm
25 ppm
7 ppm

10. NERVE AGENTS
Nerve agents inhibit cholinesterase
“Aging” occurs when nerve agent bonds to
cholinesterase, can take minutes to hours
Primary route of entry is respiratory but can
enter through the skin or digestive tract

11. NERVE AGENT
SIGNS & SYMPTOMS
Increased secretions
Saliva Tears Runny nose
Airways Sweating Urination
GI Tract
Diarrhea Nausea Vomiting
Muscles
Twitching Weakness Flaccid paralysis Miosis
Cardiovascular
Tachy/Brady Hypertension

12. NERVE AGENT
TREATMENTS
Atropine-competes with Ach at
muscarinic receptors, turning off the body fluid
flood
Pralidoxime/2-PAM-CL-regenerates the active
enzyme form of the agent-enzyme complex
Benzodiazepines/Diazepam- used only for seizures
The Nerve Agent Antidote Kit (NAAK) or Mark I
kit can easily administer treatment via
autoinjectors

13. NERVE AGENT TREATMENT
MILD SYMPTOMS
Vapor exposure
Miosis, rhinorrhea with increasing SOB
Give
1 Mark 1 kit
or
1 gram 2-PAM-Cl IVPB & 2 mg atropine IM/IV

14. NERVE AGENT TREATMENT
MILD SYMPTOMS
Liquid exposure
Localized fasciculations & sweating
Atropine will not reverse Miosis

15. NERVE AGENT TREATMENT
MODERATE SYMPTOMS
Shortness of breath Secretions
Fasciculations NO Seizures
Treatment
2 Mark I kits IM
or
1 Gram 2-PAM-CL BPB & 2 mg atropine IM/IV
Repeat atropine every 5-10 minutes until
secretions dry up

16. NERVE AGENT TREATMENT
SEVERE SYMPTOMS
SLUDGEM
Salvation, Lacrimation, Urination, Defecation,
Gastrointestinal, Emesis, Miosis
Treatment
Intubate/Ventilation
3 Mark I Kits or 1 gram 2-PAM IVPB & 6 mg atropine
IM/IV & Diazepam 5-10 mg IV
Repeat atropine every 5-10 minutes until secretions
dry up
Repeat 2-PAM-CL in a hour PRN

17. M8 PAPER

18. M8 PAPER
Can be used to detect liquid chemicals
Must be blotted on suspected liquid agent
Comes in booklet of 25 sheets
Detects liquid nerve & blister agents

19. M8 PAPER
Yellow gold indicates G (Nerve) agent
Red-pink indicates H (Blister) agent
Dark green indicates V (Nerve) agent
If any other colors or no color change liquid can
not be identified
Some decontaminants can give false positives
Beware of wearing colored lenses as it may
provide false responses

20. BEFORE USE OF PPE
Make sure that
Facial hair is fully trimmed
You are properly hydrated
You go to the bathroom
Vital signs are checked
You are familiar with the equipment & are
properly trained in its use
You have inspected equipment
Equipment is proper for the hazard

21. PPE ISSUES
Communication-Verbal, person to person is
difficult in PPE requiring respiratory
protection
Hand signals may be necessary
Visual identification & monitoring of personnel
is required in low visibility environments
Tape should be used to help identify staff in PPE

22. GENERAL RULES
Simple PPE for responders (Level C or D)
Normally using Universal Precautions with N-95
mask or PAPR is adequate
Always isolate potentially contagious patient
Normally there is a delay time between
exposure and the patient shows symptoms or
is contagious (hours to months)

23. PERSONAL DOSIMETERS
Read in accumulated
dose received
Can be read on scene
or sent to lab for
analysis

24. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION
GO TO LINK BELOW
CBRNE OPERATIONS