Comparative Advantage

Comparative Advantage
Surname: Salmon
First name: Tati
Student number : 12421179
Does the idea of comparative advantage provide a good explanation of current patterns of international trade?
For the last two centuries the international trade evolved a lot and many economists tried to explain it. One of the first theories that attempted to
explain the international trade pattern was the Absolute advantage theory. A.Smith was a great economist; he is the one who created this theory. For A.
Smith countries should specialize in products in which they have an absolute advantage. It was a good Theory but it was excluding countries that did
not have any absolute advantage. David Ricardo another great British economist found this loophole in Smith's theory and ... Show more content on
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That would why Germany and France are both exporting cars to each other's country. This example shows that two countries may trade the same
product (cars in this example) because customers want more choices, it is an era of marketing, where companies are studying customers' needs, and
we just cannot sell any goods without even knowing if there will be a demand. The customers' needs have evolved and so did the international trade.
Nowadays Intra–industry trade is a reality and the comparative advantage theory cannot explain it.
We saw that countries may trade the same kind of products and that it goes against the comparative advantage theory. Now we will see that some
countries may be the victim of MNC's strategies.
With the Globalization, the Multinational Corporations (MNC) has now the possibility to use global strategies. Indeed, now the MNCs can go
everywhere. It means that the international trade does not really depend of a country, because now MNCs can use horizontal strategy , it is when
MNCs put a subsidiary company where they can sell and manufacture their goods , they can also use a vertical strategy , it's when an MNCs put
subsidiary company in place where they can gather raw materials at low cost and then send them to their factories. We can take the example of Nike
which makes
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Egg Baby Journal
Journal 1
I hope I get a girl. That was the first thought that ran through my head as I walked through the door of the science classroom. Not because I am
against boys, just because I have no ideas for boy names. I really want to name my egg–baby Megg. The chances of getting a girl are slightly lower
then that of a boy, combined with the twins and triplets in the mix, there is a forty–seven percent chance of getting a single girl. Hopefully I fall into
the forty–seven percent. For some reason I am very nervous, even though I can't control anything that is about to happen. I am also excited and can't
wait to start, however I believe by day four I will just want my child to grow up already. That's just to bad for me because no matter how I ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
One major advantage that is fairly simple for me to pass on is language. Like my mother and grandmother before me, I will try to speak only
Spanish while my child is developing their language skills. It is infinitely easier to learn new languages when you are young, and I would really
like to give my child to advantage of learning early. However, unlike my family, I can also advance my child's skills by speaking Mandarin to them.
Although my Mandarin is limited now, I hope to become fluent in the future. By the time I have a child I would like to speak them in both
Spanish and Chinese, to give them an amazing advantage hardly anybody has. Another advantage I would like to give my child is a talent. You
may be confused, so let me explain. Professional dancers or soccer players or anything really oftentimes began training in their profession during
preschool. I never latched on to any sport or activity, mainly because I didn't try many. I would like to give my child the opportunity to try as many
activities as possible, in order to find one they love. It would be a great advantage over the people who didn't start until middle school or later. Even if
they decide not to continue with the activity they choose, at least they have the advantage of a skill, be it useful or

Advantages Of The First Mover Advantage
Is the First–Mover advantage Overrated?
Sumer Malhotra
The University of Hong Kong
3035347457
CCGL 9031: Entrepreneurship: Global and Social Development
Reach–out activity report
Introduction
On October 5th, I attended a field trip to Cyberport HK organized by Dr. Z and Ryan. Cyberport is an office park inHong Kong which comprises of a
cluster of technological companies. It is wholly owned by the Hong Kong SAR government. Its vision is to shape the future of entrepreneurial
excellence thereby establishing itself as a prominent global innovation and technology hub. Their aim is to facilitate the local economy by nourishing
technological startups by promoting association and creating business opportunities through strategic initiatives and partnerships. For more
information, please visit their website at https://www.cyberport.hk/en. At the event, I... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Stanford Business School professor, David Montgomery and his co–author Marvin Lieberman first popularized the concept of "First Mover Advantage"
in a 1988 paper. This concept became the sole reason for out–of–control expenditure by start–ups in order to attain a monopoly like status. But there
was just one problem – This concept was simply not true. Ironically, 10 years later, the authors of the paper backed off their claims but by then
every other firm was using this phrase in justification of their reckless "Get big fast" strategy. In their paper "Pioneer advantage: Marketing logic or
marketing legend?" Peter N. Golder and Gerard J. Tellis better explained the fate of "Early movers" entering new markets. Their research showed that
Early Movers typically had a 47% failure rate. What's worse was that their studies showed that the survivors had a lower market share than found in
other studies. Furthermore, their research showed that long–term success was almost guaranteed to the second, third, fourth or even tenth entrant with a
success rate of ~92% (Source –

The Law Of Comparative Advantage
RICARDO proved in 1817 that when every countries specialized in the element where they have the comparative advantage, and then trades those
element, all countries are better off. This theory called the law of comparative advantage became the primary reason for international trade. Now a
days MNC are the primary actors of international trade, and the bargaining model that they use with countries government can appear as a practical
implementation of the law of comparative advantage. In fact Dunning, J. H. (2000) estimate that competitive advantage which is a type of comparative
advantage is at the heart of company motivation and ability to operate internationally as an MNC. Besides Ramamurti, R. (2001) suggest that the
traditional bargaining model is based on comparative advantage that the MNC and state have respectively. The bargaining process would then be the
decision process through which each party express which comparative advantage would be traded. The MNC can for example trade its technology for
the accesses to natural resource that the countries government possess. Ramamurti (2001) also emphasize the point that it became obvious that the
previous process is only a part of the actual bargain and that another part of the bargain is operated at a countries level (between host and home
country), this step actually allow and favors international trade between those countries, but at the hour of the liberalization the actual trade would be
conducted by MNC. As an example

Hum/186 Social Media Paper
Social Media Paper
Cynthia Wise
HUM/186
August 27, 2017
ALLYSON WELLS
Social Media Paper
Today, it is very easy to obtain information of any kind. Thanks to the convergence and development of technology. "The Internet", which today is one
of the easiest ways to obtain quick information without allot of effort. There are millions of people from around the world that use the Internet as a tool
to communicate, search, and find information on about any topic imaginable. (Aynur, Nejat, 2015). In this Essay on SocialMedia, we will be discussing
the advantages and disadvantages of easily obtainable information, the advantages and disadvantages of social media, and importantly how knowing of
these things can alter how a person might use social media, as well as the credibility issues that arise from the information on the Internet.
The advantages and disadvantages of easily obtainable information, is convenience. By having newer communication technologies like social media,
it has become the everyday norm to obtain information on social media instantaneously. Which is one advantage, everyone is into convenience, fast,
like yesterday, (myself included), obtainable information is just that "convenient". Everything is right at your fingertips, for example, an individual
can be in one place and catch the latest news headline or editorial, while at the same time listening to their favorite tunes, view that video and share
it all at the same time. An awesome multitasking advantages. Back in the day, the news would be read in a newspaper or viewed on your television,
on the radio, or in the car on the way to work Listening to your favorite song would also be played either on your Walkman, in the car, or at home.
Another advantage is the easily obtained information we receive off social media, it has become an expectancy more than an advantage, it's known as
the all information quick source, that includes information about serious topics, like circulating up–to–date minute information about cholera outbreaks
in Haiti, identifying clearer water resources during the outbreak, (Fox 2011), Health professionals and health organizations are also seeing the
advantages of adopting social media because of its seen as an

The Smith's Theory Of Comparative Advantages: Challenges
Comparative Advantage: Challenges
Khalid Alshwaish
Saudi Electronic University Comparative Advantage: Challenges
The Smith's original theory of comparative advantage is commonly used to describe international trade and support the need for free trade policies. The
theory uses the concept comparative advantages in production to show the logic of specialization in production and use of resources. But despite the
benefits associated with comparative advantages, free trade policies are usually questioned, and nations try to avoid full specialization in their
production. Palley's observation on the modern international market contrasts Smith's original theory, by showing that it does not consider new
international market realities.
Smith's original theory on international trade follows the concept of division of labor at the local level and supports free international trade to
maximize production and benefits for all. His view is that division of labor is related to production, where an advanced division of labor is directly
related to increased and cost–effective production (Schumacher, 2012). As a result, it is possible to produce... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The observation is that though there are gains in international trade, countries can suffer from further specialization as their gains from globalization
decline. Palley's view contrasts Smith's original theory by showing the challenges of continued globalization and international free trade on individual
nations. The original comparative advantage theory fails to capture the new realities created by globalization in international trade. The technology
mobility from one nation to another negates the need for specialization and production of surplus because markets can satisfy their needs. Additionally,
the transfer of technology is influenced by

Quantitative Analysis : Comparative Advantage Essay
3.Quantitative Analysis of Comparative Advantage
Within the period of time and two–country world, country A can use a half of its resources to produce 30 units of product 1 and the other half to
product 30 units of product 2. On the other side, country B uses the same amount of its resources as country B for 20 units of product 1 and 10 10
units of product 2. In this case, country A has the absolute advantage in producing both products, but it has acomparative advantage in product 2
because it is relatively better at producing them. Country A is 3 times better at producing item 2, and only 1.5 times better at product 1. As a result,
country B would be forced to produce item 1.
In the economic theory, if countries apply the principle of comparative advantage, the combined output will be increased in comparison with the output
that would be produced when the two countries tried to become self–sufficient and allocate their own resources towards production of both goods
(Comparative advantage, n.d.). If both countries are able to produce goods by using fewer resource, at a lower opportunity cost, they will have
comparative advantages (Comparative advantage, n.d.). For instance, when country A gives up on making product 1 and manufactures only product 2,
it will have extra 30 units of product 2 with the cost of 30 units of product 1. For country A, the opportunity cost of making a more unit of product 2 is
one unit of product 1 that is lower than the opportunity cost of making

Advantage Strategy: Marcoco's Approach To International...
In international business, a product is anything that offered to market to satisfy consumer's want and need. Marcoco, a furniture wholesalers and
retailers which selling tangible product such as physical object that can be perceived by touch. Marcoco's products include modern and classic furniture
products that cater for hotel, garden, dining, counter, home living, bedroom, as well as kitchen and also office furniture to over 80 countries in Asia,
Europe, Middle East, Pacific Islands, South America, United States of America and the African regions. Those furniture product that are selling by
Marcoco includes sofa, table, chair, recliner chair, park bench, storage box, book case, basket, ironing board and also cabinet. Marcoco normally
export the products sold to the three main countries which are Singapore, Philippines and Brunei. There will be weekly shipment to Singapore by
lorry, Brunei and Philippine by ship. On the other hand, Marcoco also import the products which offer a cheaper price across a national border from
an external source. The main sources are from China, Indonesia and Turkey. There has been a continuous business relationship over years. Most of the
wooden products produced in Malaysia are cheaper compared to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Comparative advantage refers to the ability of a party to produce a particular good or service at a lower opportunity cost than another. Even if one
country has an absolute advantage in producing all goods, different countries could still have different comparative advantages. So if one country has
a comparative advantage over another, both parties can benefit from trading because each party will receive a good at a price that is lower than its
own opportunity cost of producing that good. Thus, comparative advantage drives Marcoco to specialize in the production of the goods for which they
have the lowest opportunity cost, which leads to increased

Different Approaches For Managing Information System
8.2 COMBINED DEVELOPMENT AND MAINTENANCE: Basically there are two approaches to manage Information System (IS) Personnel. They
are: пѓ Combining the development and maintenance into one part and is sub–divided by functional areas. пѓ Advancement and Maintenance
individually. Combining the development and maintenance of system: In this approach both development and maintenance are combined to organize
Information System Personnel (ISP). Generally, functional area sub–divides an area into teams. Each team is assigned to a system to complete the
requests of new development and maintenance. This approach appears to be logical as the division between new development and adaptive
maintenance is arbitrary. The advantages in this approach includes: пЃ¬Specialized and specific knowledge of functional areas. пЃ¬Management of
systems is easy as each system is assigned to a team. пЃ¬The system developers and maintainers are same in this approach. пЃ¬The development and
maintenance continuity is a major advantage to manage the ISP. пЃ¬The experience of maintainers with actual development increases hence there is a
decrease in maintenance expenditure. Besides the advantages there are some disadvantages also for this approach. The main disadvantage is the
maintenance requests tends to be bottleneck to the development cycle. This is because that maintenance is process of solving or omission of errors and
defects which is considered as urgent situation. At this point the development stage acts as

International Trade Theory Of Comparative Advantage And...
Several theories about international trade explain why countries have the opportunity to trade, theory of comparative advantage and absolute
advantage. Adam Smith came up with the theory of absolute advantage where the country that produces more of one good that another country has
simply an absolute advantage over it. This theory normally constructed with two commodities and two countries. In Schuhmachers article "Adam
Smith's theory of absolute advantage and the use of doxography in the history of economics" he says, "each nation can produce one good with less
expenditure of human labor than the other and thus more cheaply." (Schuhmachers, 2012) In this case, both countries will specialize in only producing
the commodity, which they have ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This means it does not matter if country A can produce more overall than country B, as long as B can produce it more efficiently than country A.
Country B will choose to produce that product and then trade it with country A. When a country focuses on a good that it is efficient in producing for
a lower price then they increase national income and company's increase profits. An example of comparative advantage: Country A can produce 28
bikes and 4 radios, Country B can produce 32 bikes and 12 radios. Country B has an absolute advantage in both products but it has a comparative
advantage specifically in radios because it can efficiently produce 3 times more for less than Country A (Economics Online, 2017.)
Both theories have the positive effect of making economies that trade grow. Trade makes a price range below the local price possible. Furthermore,
the exporting country can produce more and the importing country can use its resources on other products in which it is better at producing.
However, because trade prices of foreign goods are lower local goods will experience lower demand. This is one of the reasons for a trade restriction––
the government of a country will help maintain local businesses.
Factor Proportion theory was originally created by two Swedish economists. "According to this theory, one condition for trade is that countries differ
with respect to the availability of the factors of production. They

Mercantilism And Comparative Advantage Theory
As (Lisa l martin) stated that international trade provides an opportunity and risk to a group of nation or individual. It provide an opening to other
nations economy as well as to the economy of specialised nation. while international trade become important to business in countries they developed
different theories to explain the need of trade and what to trade. There are different trade theories like Mercantilism, non–mercantilism, absolute
advantage thory, comparative advantage theory are some of those.
Mercantilism is an economic system used in European countries in 1800s. and 16th to the mid 18th century. under mercantilism the countries wealth is
measured by the accumulation of valuable metals like gold and silver.(Piggott. j and cook .m) ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The theory says that America has an comparative advantage on producing both car and aircraft over Europe. As long as Europe is not equally less
efficient in producing both cars and aircraft. Still Europe ac specialise on producing a single product (such as car) which has comparative advantage
rather than absolute advantage. A country has a Comparative advantage in a commodity when it has An higher popularity in processing Also it need
similar preference On a commodity The point when its level from claiming popularity will be low. (Piggott &mark cook) withstanding the benefits
characterize by using Comparative advantage there are different constraint which can be hinder perhaps even beat the objective of Comparative
advantage.as Nivola (1997) said that the cost of transportation from one country to another country thinking it may completely remove Comparative
advantage driven by two country. There is only two countries engaged in the process of production as well as consumption of the two goods. The only
resources which is non transferable is the labour and cannot be considered as a theory to

My First Small Business Adventure
Growing up as a middle–class child with both parents working, I learned to appreciate the little details. In order to grow my parents had to deal with a
lot of un–ethical people and the wrongs they did to them. Although they had many opportunities to develop quickly at the expense of others, they
always denied the idea of taking advantage of them. Instead, my parents chose the longer but righteous road. Through their life choices and their
struggles, I learned to be fair to others as I would like others to be fair to me, how to be humble, and help develop others as much as I was
developing. "Love your neighbor as yourself." Religion wasn't harshly enforced, but my parents implemented a lot of the lessons that came from the
words of the bible. I learned not to take advantage of people. As a young child my first small business adventure was my lemonade stand. Pricing my
lemonade was the hardest thing I had to think about because I wanted to make money but, I didn't want people not to purchase it.
There was my first business lesson. I needed to be fair to others as I would be to myself. I experienced that if I was giving my family a discount
everyone else deserved one too because it was the exact same cup, with the same amount. I couldn't turn around and sell it to others at a higher price
just because I knew they didn't know my family was getting it for less. I felt better to know I was being a good person even though I didn't make a lot
of money. Making money for the

Project Call Center And Project Ordering Upgrade
Project Selection
The aggregate spending plan required for the venture determination is $24 million and the activities chose are Project Europa, Project call center and
Project ordering Upgrade.
ProjectBudget(million $)
Project Europa11.8
Project call center8.5
Project Ordering Upgrade2.5
Total22.8
The Project call center is valuable for the organization as the organization has no call focus, and it is useful in expanding consumer loyalty. The Project
call focus will convey computerization to the dissension recording process, it will diminish the turnaround time by 75% and will spare the time, and the
present handling time is four to eight hours. As for the costs, the venture requires $ 8.5 million to be spent in the two quarters in the following year;
the reality about this venture is that the vast majority of the work will be outsourced. The organization has the systems significant to these ventures,
and the primary objective, which is the development of organization by 10 % can be accomplished as the organization can concentrate on its principle
business and the workers time connected with the dissension preparing will be diminished. The organization has an objective to build consumer
loyalty by 15 % and the venture call focus will fulfill these clients as the expert outsourcing will expand the effectiveness and it will acquire skill the
quality office capacities.
Extend requesting overhaul process will cost $ 2.5 million dollars and this requires the one time use

Essay about David Ricardo & the Comarative and Absolute...
ECO2023
DAVID RICARDO & THE COMARATIVE AND ABSOLUTE ADVANTAGE
David Ricardo was one of those rare people who achieved both tremendous success and lasting fame. After his family disinherited him for marrying
outside his Jewish faith, Ricardo made a fortune as a stockbroker and loan broker. When he died, his estate was worth more than $100 million in
today's dollars. At age twenty–seven, after reading Adam Smith's The Wealth of Nations, Ricardo got excited abouteconomics. He wrote his first
economics article at age thirty–seven and then spent the following fourteen years–his last ones–as a professional economist.
Ricardo first gained notice among economists over the "bullion controversy." In 1809 he wrote that England's inflation ... Show more content on
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Think again. Poorland's cost of producing wine, although higher than Richland's in terms of hours of labor, is lower in terms of bread. For every
bottle produced, Poorland gives up half of a loaf, while Richland has to give up three loaves to make a bottle of wine. Therefore, Poorland has a
comparative advantage in producing wine. Similarly, for every loaf of bread it produces, Poorland gives up two bottles of wine, but Richland gives up
only a third of a bottle. Therefore, Richland has a comparative advantage in producing bread.
If they exchange wine and bread one for one, Poorland can specialize in producing wine and trading some of it to Richland, and Richland can
specialize in producing bread. Both Richland and Poorland will be better off than if they had not traded. By shifting, say, ten hours of labor out of
producing bread, Poorland gives up the one loaf that this labor could have produced. But the reallocated labor produces two bottles of wine, which
will trade for two loaves of bread. Result: trade nets Poorland one additional loaf of bread. Nor does Poorland's gain come at Richland's expense.
Richland gains also, or else it would not trade. By shifting three hours out of producing wine, Richland cuts wine production by one bottle but
increases bread production by three loaves. It trades two of these loaves for Poorland's two bottles of wine. Richland has

Advantage Energy Technology ( Aet )
Executive Summary Companies must ensure that they evolving, developing, growing, and innovating their standards to keep up with the demand the
market prevails. Early preparations must be put into place to ensure that there is little to no disturbances with how work place operates in an emerging
environment. Upgrading systems must be hassle free to better serve the growing clientele. Introduction Advantage Energy Technology (AET) is an IT
service provider operating in the petroleum industry. The company needs to expand and relocate. This expenditure requires a new data center; located
in the outskirts of Houston instead of being in the downtown area. The outskirts location has the majority of their clients. The upgrade to the existing...
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The company will be obligated to invest in the new AET's data center migration because the growth of this company is inevitable and this financial
investment will be necessary down the line. Therefore investing in the migration now rather then later will be advantageous and innovated. Project
Scope The major project deliverables are shown in the deliverables checklist Appendix A. The scope includes cost, timeline and proposed project team
members. To measure the success of the deliverables will be if the migration of all the data is successfully all transferred to the new location, the
renovation/install are finished in timely manor, the cost is within budget, we successfully complete the project within 6 month time frame. Project
Team Brian Smith, senior project manager with the IT Department at AET will be managing the implementation of the upgrading and migrating of the
existing systems and customers to the new data center within 6–month period. The project team will consist of three full time equivalents from the
following departments who will be matrixed onto the project from other functional units as required. The departments are IT Department (Brian–PM
head lead), Facilities, Operating Systems, Operations/Telecommunications, System & Application, and one half time project manager from Customer
Service. The duties will be dispersed from the lead project manager (Brian) and those duties will be followed through team leads from the other

Theories Of The Sunzi Art Of War Theory
Sunzi Art Of War Theory
The theories that can be applied for business purpose is Line 3.38 when ignorant of the affairs of the enemy to participate and interfere with the
army's administration and Line 3.39 This causes the officers and men to be confused and perplexed. The theories explain that the company must
be lead by an effective board of director because the right person for each position in the company will help the company to make a wise decision
which will guide the company achieves goals. Besides, as a leader must always prepared themselves and get close with their subordinates. If a
company is manage by an incapable person, the company will having a risk of takeover by another competitors. If the situation is getting worse, the
company may have facing financial crisis and even have the risk to face bankruptcy in the near future. As an example, Proton Company has poor
market sales compared to Toyota Company which is very strong competitors to compete with. Proton Company sales are not comparable with Toyota
company because Proton Company does not have effective board of director as Toyota Company to manage the business. Therefore, this problem have
lead the Proton Company take risk in the market and their customer are ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The theory stated is explaining the company need a leader who are able to unite the employee, work together with the company and make important
decision for the company to reach the specific goal of the company. For example, there is a game which is named DotA. This is a 5 versus 5 player
strategy game. For every match we need a leader, to unite us and lead us to reach the goal, which is to win the match. As in a company, the leader and
employee must have a good relationship between each other and have the same goal, which is to maximize profit for the

Comparative And Absolute Advantages: USAd Canada
Comparative and Absolute advantages: Comparative advantage is the ability to make or produce something at a lower opportunity cost.
Opportunity cost is something that we do every single day in the way we live our lives. This is giving up something for something else. If you
wanted to buy some new sports gear for your man cave it may cost $100, but if you only make $50 a week. You unfortunately would have to give up
spending any of your money for two whole weeks to buy some of this new swag. So you decide to give up chicken wings or a cold pint for your new
gear. This is my example of comparative and absolute advantages.
The attached scenario in our reading suggests the following: USA and Canada producing units of potatoes and rice. The USA can produce eight units of
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The USA can produce eight units of potatoes or four units of rice or four potatoes and two units of rice. Canada will have the absolute advantage
because it can produce more of the items, sixteen units of rice or ten units of potatoes or eight rice units and five units of potatoes. The comparative
advantage that would work well in the USA and Canada would be for the USA to produce the potatoes and for Canada to produce the rice.
The production possibility frontier refers to a point at which an economy, most efficiently produces its good and services, as a result of allocating its
resources in the best way possible. (Heakal, 2014) Economics is a simple science based on the assumptions that supply is limited while demand is
limitless. There is always a need to efficiently manage production to meet the ever increasing demands. We will look at freetrade and its basic concept.
Free trade is a mutual understanding for a one for one swap of goods. This doesn't always need to be one for one swap; the two

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Vendor Managed Inventory
Introduction:
Vendor Managed Inventory (VMI) is a plan of action where the purchaser of an item gives data to a seller of that item and the vendor assumes full
liability for keeping up a concurred stock of the material, more often than not at the purchaser's utilization area. An outsider logistics supplier can
likewise be included to ensure that the purchaser has the required level of stock by modifying the interest and supply holes. Q1:
A joint venture (JV) is a business agreement in which the gatherings consent to create, for a limited time, another element and new resources by
contributing value. They practice control over the undertaking and thus share incomes, costs, and resources.
For organizations that outsource client consideration ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
First off, when organizations outsource, they are entrusting their vendor with direct contact with their most valuable resource: their clients. While not
co–representatives, sellers are still the substance of the organization and first purpose of contact for person–to–person collaborations. Along these lines,
it is basic for organizations to bolster sellers in giving the fancied client experience.
Advantage of VMI:
VMI is an advantage to both suppliers and customer. For supplier, the advantage include:
Firstly' demand smoothing –VMI data enhances forecasts of client' requirements, in this manner empowering makers to arrange generation to take care
of client demand. secondly' long haul client connections because of the high cost to the client of changing to an option supplier. finally' upgraded
operational adaptability empowering generation times and amounts to be conformed to suit the supplier. For customer, the advantages include:
Firstly' reduced administrative expenses because of the end of the need to screen stock levels, paper to PC passages and decreased reordering
expenses. secondly' enhance working capital because of decreased stock levels and out of date quality and improved stock turn with enhanced
income. finally' reduced lead times with improved deals and a decrease of rundown deals because of

The Theory Behind Absolute Advantage
Over many years there has been many conceptual theories devised to help explain the reasons why there is trade within the world accompanied by
the possibilities that gains could or could not be made. This piece of work will examine four main theories put forward by Adam Smith (Absolute
advantage, 1776) which was then expanded on by David Ricardo with his theory of the Ricardian Model (Comparative advantage, 1817). Also including
the Heckscher–Ohlin model (relative factor abundance, 1919, 1933) and the ideas of New Trade Theory (Economies of Scale and Imperfect
Competition). These ideas will be evaluated and synthesised to see if these explanations truly explain the reasons of trade theory.
Absolute advantage was an idea suggest by Adam Smith in 1817. The theory behind absolute advantage suggests that if a country is highly skilled
and efficient in producing a certain good with the fewer resources, then it is believed that a specific country has an absolute advantage in the
production of that good (Sloman&Garratt, 2013). However Absolute advantage can only occur if the country using its resources for a specific good
/service does so efficiently otherwise no gains are made from trading. Although it can be argued that the idea of Absolute advantage does not
particularly make much sense in explaining trade patterns. As said in Feenstra's and Taylors book, Absolute advantage does not particularly help to
explain the case of why the US imports snowboards from places like China

The Advantage : Why Organizational Health Trumps...
Book Review
The Advantage: Why Organizational Health Trumps Everything Else in Business
Raheela Al Karim
A&S 801 Leadership: Theory and Practice
DePaul University
Date: 10/21/15 The Advantage: Why Organizational Health Trumps Everything Else in Business
In The Advantage, Lencioni explains how leaders can nurture the healthy organization. This book is based on the combination of organizational
effectiveness, teamwork, leadership, and organizational alignment. He believes that the combinations of all will be the advantage for an organization.
Lencioni believes that when you create a culture or an organization that is stronger then your competitors, or when you create an uncomplicated
company where clarity, focus and teamwork exist it creates a successful healthy organization.
Patrick Lencioni arguing that the most ideally organizations are not those that are inherently smarter than others with respect to financial management,
human resources, strategy, technology and marketing. Instead, he asserts that the best organization entities are those deemed to be healthy. Healthy
organizations are more disciplined and have cohesive team, which helps avoid politics and confusion. As a result, employee morale, as well as
productivity, is highly escalated while significantly minimizing turnover. Such entities, as explained by the author, are depicted to have a distinct and
dynamic competitive advantage within the market segments that they operate.
As Lencioni explains,

Comparative Advantage Of Blassa Index
It is important that a country specialize in the commodity in which it poses a comparatives advantage over others. In order to identify the strong
sector in the economy, the actual trade flows was analyzed. This idea was later improvised and refined by Bela Balassa and gave his famous Balassa
Index.
This index is commonly used in International Economics to calculate the relative advantage or disadvantage that a country poses in a certain class of
goods and services. The value of the index shows the revealed comparative advantage of a country in good. The Balassa Index is fundamentally a
standardized export share. Which implies that if the BI if balsa index for country A for industry j, then the index would be given as;
The RCA is equal ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Through the Balassa index it was found that the value of RCA for Indian pharmaceutical export is 2.61 which is more than 1 that signifies that India
has a comparative advantage over ASEAN which has its RCA value less than one.
Hence the Balassa index showed that India posses a higher degree of advantage in export of pharmaceuticals, thus it should specialize in this sector and
generate income.
Figure 3
The above figure shows the export trend of pharmaceuticals from Indian market to the world. The highest export was recorded in financial year
2015–16. Despite of the fall in subsequent year it still maintained it power in the global market. India enjoys relative advantage in this sector, which
is been calculated by the Balassa index. The strength of the exports has been compared with overall export of the ASEAN. As Indian pharmaceutical
sector was growing similarly the pharmaceutical sector of ASEAN was flourishing which was making it an attractive for JAPAN and United States
the sales from this sector was more than 20 billion us dollar by end of the

Advantage And Weaknesses Of Absolute Advantage
1.Absolute advantage is the theory that a nation specializes in something that it is most efficient at producing. Absolute advantage is based on
productivity. Nation that can produce a good and require the least quantity of input is considered to have an absolute advantage. On the other,
comparative advantage is based on opportunity cost. Even though that nation may not have the absolute advantage, it still can produce the good if it
has the lowest opportunity cost as compared to another nation.
Absolute advantage came before comparative advantage. The comparative advantage theory came as a response to the weaknesses of absolute
advantage theory, one of which was the fact that it does not give guidance for nations that do not have absolute advantage. Comparative advantage
brings in the idea that nations with no absolute advantage can still specialize if those nations are capable of producing the product at a lower
opportunity cost. For example, Nation 1 has absolute advantage over both Good 1 and Good 2, but if Nation 2 has a comparative advantage (can
produce at lower opportunity cost) over Good 2 (but not Good 1), then Nation 1 can specialize in Good 1 and Nation 2 can specialize in Good 2.
2.Comparative advantage. If being selfish, perhaps a nation would choose to have absolute advantage. Seeking absolute advantage is like obtaining a
monopoly of a certain industry. Many of us are aware that governments like the US are continually eliminating monopolies because they are taking
over smaller businesses in the same industry. Absolute advantage is based on the idea of WINNER–LOSER. When a nation tries to have an absolute
advantage in something, it means that the other nations lose the chance in that something. In contrast, comparative advantage is based on a WIN–WIN
concept. Any nation can engage in that particular production of goods even if it does not have an absolute advantage. Comparative is better than
absolute advantage in that it encourages more nations to engage in international trade.
3.National and Individual Benefits of Absolute Advantage:
a.Both nations benefit by using the resources most effectively (resources are not wasted).
b.Both nations only focus on what they have absolute

Advantages And Disadvants: Lifestyle International Pvt....
Section B: Application Application 1: Chapter 7: Military Manoeuvres Military manoeuvring refers to the ability to balance extreme demands
between optimum preparation and speediness. While a group opts for speed over preparation, they risk losing its resources that are unprepared but
they have the first mover advantage. In comparison, a group which prefers preparation over speed, they risk valuable opportunities in certain times,
but they can analyse the enemy forces and improve their own forces and reduce the percentage of losing because they are fully prepared. Before
Lifestyle International Pvt. Ltd was established by Landmark Company in 1999, India faced an economic crisis in the early 1990s, the crisis was
finally solved by the government,... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Besides that, the company was also recognized amongst top 21st Best Work Place in Asia across sectors in a study on Asia's Best Workplaces 2015
conducted by Great Place to Work Institute. This implies that the company has make use of the strategy in Sun Zi's Art of War Chapter 9 Movement
and Deployment of Troops.The company believes that with greater loyalty, higher standards of discipline can be applied on the employees and results
in a stronger and creative

ICT Cambridge Tech AS
P1 – Summarise accurately the principles of interactive media authoring with some appropriate use of subject terminology.
In this report there will be an overview explaining and talking about the tools used for interactive media authoring, the production process, the uses of
interactive media authoring, the delivery formats of interactive media authoring products, the elements which will be included for creating the product
and the interactivity and control methods which will be used.
Definition of tools used for interactive media authoring:
Director Flash is a program and a multimedia application which can be used to create games and interactive products which allows the creator to be
the director and the program can support both 2D and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Creation is when the process of bringing something into existence using ideas and designs, it involves the actual making of the product. If the
production process had no actual creation there would be no final product, so it is an important part of the process where the design of the product is
put into making and become the final product for use and testing purposes.
Implementation is including new ideas and designs into projects and existing designs to help further them in all ways, implementation also means to
put something into action, people use implementation to try and achieve targets and goals when something is failing for example, a cereal company
such as "Kellogg's" may be doing bad in the market in terms of sales of their cereal boxes so try and help this issue they could implement a toy which
would come with the cereal, this would attract more people to buy the cereal, if there was no implementation into any projects or designs then there
would be no new ideas to further the original idea.
Testing is when you check for faults, take measures to check quality, look at reliability and look at the

Dicks Case Study Solution
Recommendation & Implementation: Recommendation Summary Given the strength and rapid growth of online retailers coupled with the national
brands attempting to decrease their dependency on middlemen retailers, Dick's must consider a strategy that ensures their continued relevance and
dominance in their respective industry. Attempting to go against Amazon or other large online
–only retailers would place Dick's at a disadvantage
given that their overhead costs will never be as low as the companies that do not need to hold and operate prime retail real–estate. For the
aforementioned reason, this report advises against committing excessive resources towards the development of the e–commerce platform,
DicksSportingGoods.com. Similarly, the focused expansion of private labels may not necessarily achieve long–term market relevance for Dick's in the
sporting goods industry. Furthermore, aggressive expansion within the private label sphere may alienate current key partners, such as Nike and Under
Armour, which would be detrimental to Dick's revenue streams both in the short– and long–term. Instead, this report suggests that Dick's continues to
expand its presence as a platform provider.... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This network of physical locations could also be used as a service / support network for this platform. Sales representatives should be hired to aid
coaches in transitioning to this platform. The physical presence and Dick's branding will encourage confidence and faster adoption within the sporting
community. Furthermore, marketing of this platform could be done at a relatively low cost as long as the marketing happens within the confines of the
brick and mortar locations. However, the development and marketing of this platform should not transform Dick's into a service–focused company, it
should rather complement its product–focused orientation which is where Dick's enjoys competitive

Richard Foster's Book, Innovation: The Attackers Advantage
Innovation, the ability to change and take risk; is a key attribute to success. No company has become successful by keeping their old ways, or staying
to the "tried and true" (Foster, 1986). No successful business can stay successful regardless of how much money or technology they have, if they do
not know how to keep evolving with time. Success isn't built off one tool; it is built off a variety of tools. This book taught me that one must constantly
adapt to the world around you, because it won't slow down. We live in an ever–changing world. One must be willing and able to change. This book
teaches how to be "unsafe" in the world of business, never stick with one way, never rely on one source of success; be ready to change it and find ...
Foster talks about these mistakes in detail, which I will try to summarize in the next few paragraphs.
The first mistake companies make is assuming there is no reason to upgrade, if it ain't broke, don't fix it. The second mistake companies make is
that they think they will have ample warning about a discontinuity, this is not always true. The book gives a good example, if one can tell one has a
fever by placing one's hand on ones head then one should have been in bed days ago. The third mistake is one should not base all his new ideas on
trying to predict what the consumer will want. Consumers don't always know what they want until they are showed. Customers did not always want
disposable paper diapers until P&G convinced them they were just as good, if not better. Lastly, know onescompetitors. It is easier to defend anattack
when one has paid attention to the potential threats. Most companies don't realize who their actual competitors are until it's too late, and usually it's the
smaller companies they over–looked. Foster states usually 7 out of 10 attacks are successful; therefore 3 attacks may be unsuccessful. What did those
defenders do?
Foster states that there are three ways a defender can strike back. First is "leapfrogging", instead of creating new technology that might be costly,
inefficient or inferior technology. They wait for companies to do this for them then they leapfrog ahead.

College Reflection
A Reflection on College 100 I found myself in a predicament this summer. Despite my best efforts to avoid this in my first two highschool years, I had
one too many courses on my summer workload. It had become a time management nightmare, especially for me. Even preceding this class I had been
forced to stay on a regimented schedule. It began with in person American Government. At the same time that course was running, so was personal
finance and Database Management II. Finally, these two college courses began on the last week of Government.
I have often felt burnt out this summer, trudging through assignments the best I could. I certainly learned to deal with a heavy workload. When this
class did start though, that is when I started writing down my schedule. This became crucial when I discovered the online schedule was inaccurate,
and I was behind on Database Management II. With one of my goals I buckled down and successfully completed a tight schedule with this class. I
feel proud to have stuck to a written schedule, considering that I struggled a great deal in the past. If I could do this differently, I would probably start
with a philosophy of completing as much as possible as soon as possible. Online classes have the advantage of putting nearly all upcoming material up
beforehand, and I should take advantage of that.
Writing things down has certainly proved to be one of the best pieces of advice I learned. Time management is just confusing at times. When a
schedule gets that busy, I found it necessary to keep a map or guideline of things to do. Furthermore, I learned I am not alone in my goals and found
accountability people and checkpoints for myself very effective. I felt I learned a bit about myself with this course also. I think overall within my
goals I learned where my priorities lie. They seem to go hand in hand with my strengths too. Academically, for truth and knowledge, my creative outlets,
getting along with people– all of these things are important to me. To be honest, I was nervous about taking these new classes. I tend to be cautious
when it comes to people I do not know too well. I became much more relaxed after I figured out the demographic. I also went up to that tutoring center
and put

Porters Diamond
"Critically discuss to what extent Porter's Diamond is a useful concept in explaining home and host location strategies of international business?
Illustrate your answer with references to at least two case companies" The main aim of International business is to build and sustain competitiveness for
economic value creation in both domestic and overseas markets (Besanko et al. 2007). Internalisation business theory however has a variety of models
that can identify the environmental analysis of specific countries. These models are used for companies to internationalise and find the right location(s)
overseas by taking; institutional, cultural fit and success opportunities into consideration. These models also give in–depth information on... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
This shows that communication may mean tough negotiation between retailers and suppliers in order to stay competitive. The last factor is firm
strategies, structure and rivalry. This factor determines the organisational structure, style of managers and the domestic competition (Porter, 1990:82).
On an internalisation point of view this factor depends if the characteristics of the company matches the industry they have entered. E.Leclerc operates
as an ambidextrous organization. Their strategy is to make employees feel and act like "owners" of the organization yet own no stock; the whole
organization behaves like one big family yet is a money–making machine (www.strategy–business.com). Sainsbury's owned a chain in US and Egypt
but like other UK retailers they failed to expand due to the arrogance and poor preparation, failing to understand the surprising differences between US
and British shoppers (The Guardian 2012). On the other hand, rivalry should be seen as positive as it creates competitive advantage, it pushes
organisations to visualise trends and satisfy non–existing needs while also seeking new international opportunities. A great example would be Apple it's
iPhone, iPad etc. Looking at this model it highlights how home locations influences companies to grow and develop

Case Study: The Ricardian Comparative Advantage
The Ricardian Comparative Advantage
Ricardo contended that for exchange to happen between two nations, they don't necessarily have to have an absolute advantage in producing any
commodity; but instead what he called the "Comparitive Advantage". Every nation may have a Each country may have a relative advantage in the cost
of producing a certain commodity, so it specializes in its production and then trade it for other goods. (Hunt, P.120). Ricardo showed his hypothesis
through the popular case of England and Portugal, whereby Portugal has a flat out comparative advantage in creating both fabric and wine. Ricardo
demonstrated that Portugal has a relative comparative advantage over England in delivering wine; while England had a relative favorable position
Portugal in the generation of fabric. Accordingly, Portugal ought... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Taking this sample, if nations An and B designate assets equally to both merchandise consolidated yield is: Cars = 15 + 15 = 30; Trucks = 12 + 3 = 15,
along these lines world yield is 45 m units. Opportunity cost ratios
It is using so as to have the capacity to create products less assets, at a lower open door cost, that gives nations a comparative advantage.
The slope of a PPF mirrors the open door expense of generation. Expanding the generation of one great implies that less of another can be delivered.
The slope mirrors the lost yield of Y as an aftereffect of expanding the yield of X. Having a comparative advantage in X, Country A gives up less of Y
than Country B. Regarding two nations delivering two merchandise, distinctive PPF slopes mean diverse open door costs proportions, and
consequently specialization and exchange will build world

Essay On How Did Cabeza De Vaca Survive
How Did Cabeza de Vaca Survive? Being one of four survivors out of a crew of 250 on the expedition Cabeza de Vaca was a part of, was not a walk in
the park. Cabeza was on a ship setting sail for the New World, in 1527, when his ship was blown off course and landed him in Galveston Island,
Texas. The Native Americans living inGalveston eventually became his slave owners for two years before he escaped. He encountered many obstacles
including starvation, thirst, unfamiliarity, slavery, etc. He endured all of these over a course of seven years, before he made it out alive. The question
that remains is, how did Cabeza de Vaca survive all of this? Cabeza survived, because he was very resourceful, he hadthe advantage of being able to ...
A good example of this is when the Natives believed that the Spaniards wanted to steal everything and keep it for themselves, so it says in Document
D. By being able to communicate, Cabeza was able to show them that they were of use to the Natives. Document D also states that Cabeza and his
fellow survivors had returned everything that the Natives had given to them. This evidence helps explain his survival because, he created a trust and
balance between the two, that could have very well saved their lives. Cabeza would not have had this if he had not been able to communicate with the
Natives.
A third reason Cabeza was able to survive was he was useful to the Natives. Good evidence of this is when Cabeza proved how useful he was when
he saved one of the Natives. Document C shows a report of Cabeza using his knife to cut open the man's chest and removing an arrow. Cabeza
stitched the man up and he was healed. This act made Cabeza of use to the Natives, because they realized that keeping him alive and able to heal
others was important to them. This evidence also explains how Cabeza stayed alive, because without Cabeza showing himself to be of use to the
Natives, they may have seen him as a threat and killed him right then and there.
Cabeza survived, because he was very resourceful, he had the advantage of being able to communicate with those he encountered, and he was

Tess
INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS
Name
Institution
Date
V b b b b b b b b b b b n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n b b b b h h jj h h n n
Thesis Statement: Utility of Stakeholder Theory for Sustainable Business
Introduction
Strategies employed by international companies to gain competitive advantage over their rivals differ from one company to another. One way of doing
this is ensuring that they are environmentally conscious in how they partake their activities. In this modern age, they should not only focus on profit
making but also consider how their activities affect the stakeholders of the business; hence the stakeholder model.
The Stakeholder Model
Unlike the traditional economic model that focused on the main goal of profit ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Their sensitivity to the environment they operate in and the people involved in their business attracts customer loyalty, which in turn keeps them in
business thus creating profits.
Fallacies
This article had some informal fallacy in the sense that it appealed to the probability of the success for all companies that applied the stakeholder theory
due to the success of the three examples given. The author does not look at the challenges that come with being on the international platform and trying
to adjust to the different social or environmental laws that may apply to different locations.
The author could have focused on more than one theory that apply to different locations and companies other than the one theory presented in the article.
Conclusion
Information is power. In order to be the best and maintain this position, international companies should focus on acquiring information on their field
of expertise. This kind of information should be that which is not easily available to the competitors or the kind that has not been keenly explored.
Having the advantage of information always keeps the company a step ahead of its rivals. Information may be easy to obtain since all it needs is
intensive research in to the target market or the investment in to development projects related to research. Whichever way a company opts to go,

Csec630 Lab 2 Essay
Lab 2 – CSEC630
1. When running Snort IDS why might there be no alerts?
When using Snort IDS, there are several modes that if configured properly, will generate alerts. Alerts are set by the user within the command prompt
when initiating a rule set. There are five alerting options available with Snort IDS. According to (Roesch, 1999), Alerts may either be sent to syslog,
logged to an alert text file in two different formats, or sent as Win–Popup messages using the Samba smbclient program. If there has been no alerts, the
selected rule set was set may not have been enabled by the user. Another scenario where alerts may not occur is when another task is being performed.
According to (Roesch, 1999) when alerting is unnecessary ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
5. What are the advantages of using rule sets from the snort web site?
There are several advantages of using the existing rule sets already created on the Snort web site. One advantage of using the existing rules is that they
have been created to work effectively against the common vulnerabilities. Creating your own rule sets require a working knowledge of Snort and
having the outcome of the created rule may not yield the desired effect that the administrator is seeking.
6. Describe (in plain English) at least one type of rule set you would want to add to a high level security network and why?
A rule set that I would add to a high level network would be an app–detect rule. With this rule the traffic that occurs in various applications that deal
with the network would be controlled. This is especially important because if an application within the network is compromised, it could be utilized to
gain access to the network.
7. If a person with malicious intent were to get into your network and have read/write access to your IDS log or rule set how could they use that
information to their advantage?
If someone with malicious intent was to gain read/write access to your IDS log or rule set, they could use that information to determine how your IDS
was configured. Especially if detailed logging is set up. The information could provide the information of what rule sets are being utilized based on the

Advantages Of Comparative Advantage
Rashed Humod Alqhtany
Module 03: Critical Thinking
Comparative Advantage: Challenges
Theory of Comparative Advantage
One of the most powerful propositions of classical trade theory is that the pattern of international trade is determined by comparative advantage. That
is, a country with the comparative advantage in a given commodity exports, and the other with the comparative disadvantage imports. Adam Smith has
founded the comparative advantage originates theory, and there have been numerous attempts to identify the economic conditions that determine
comparative advantagelet us began with Adam Smith theory, and then we will discuss one correction of this theory was founded by Palley's (2008),
which is an observation the modern view of comparative advantage.
Smith's original theory was discussed and compared to its representation in modern textbooks. It was shown that these textbooks do not reproduce
Smith's ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In the 18th century world, trade was driven by the search for exotic spices and raw materials. In that epoch, climate and naturalresource endowments
significantly determined the pattern of comparative advantage [in a traditional sense]4 , and little could be done to alter this pattern. In todayвЂџs
economy, comparative advantage [in a broader sense] is driven by technology, and technology can be importantly influenced by human action and
policy."endowments and trade volumes, it is possible to explain the large volume of North–North trade with the conventional model based on the
concept of comparative advantage. That is, the traditional notion of comparative advantage can still be the main theoretical explanation for the pattern of
international trade, although the emergence of the New Trade Theory put an equal importance on increasing returns of scale as much as on comparative
advantage in a traditional sense. (De Benedictis and Tamberi,

Spotify Intro and Swot
Intro to Spotify
Spotify is a revolutionary software which allows its users to stream millions of songs on demand. Users can access music on computers, mobiles,
tablets, cars and gaming consoles. Spotify was launched in 2008 by the Swedish entrepreneur Daniel Ek. Since its launch in 2008 Spotify has grew
rapidly, available in 58 markets, upwards of 75 million active users of which over 20 million are paying subscribers, all with access to over 30 million
songs. Subscribed users pay a fee of ВЈ9.99 a month which allows for ad free listening, highest quality audio and it allows the user to create and
download playlists for offline listening.
Each time a user streams a song Spotify pay the rights holders royalties. Currently Spotify are ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Pest analysis
Marketing
Finance
My opinion on where Spotify is going
Bibliography https://claudiacbrown.wordpress.com/2015/01/22/swot–analysis–spotify/ http://www.spotifyartists.com/spotify–explained/

Challenging Comparative Advantage Essay
Comparative advantage is a principle developed by David Ricardo in the early 19th century to explain the benefits of mutual trade (Carbaugh, 2008).
Many underlying assumptions of comparative advantage depend on states of economic equilibrium and an absence of economy of scale. In reality,
economies are dynamic and subject to innovation and interference; which has led to revised assumptions of return and competition (Krugman, 1987).
These factors have created questions of free trade and governmental participation in an economy by the development of strategic trade policies. These
new concepts do not replace the theory of comparative advantage; however, they further explain how trade can benefit a country's economy (Krugman,
1987). ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Manufacturing adjusts to meet a constant return on the product (Hunt & Morgan, 1995). Effectively, these theories rely on national monopolistic
models to explain comparative advantage (Ossa, n.d.). While the standard of comparative advantage explains why trade can exist between countries,
the assumptions do not account for conditions of increasing returns and imperfect competition.
A Dynamic Economy The principle of comparative advantage provides a simplified theory explaining why free trade is possible, even when one
country has an economic disadvantage. Both the Ricardian and Heckscher–Ohlin theories rely on fixed economic assumptions of constant return and
perfect competition. However, intuitively the basic principle of business is to increase returns through innovation, improving processes and technology
or increasing economies of scale. Organizations understand they control pricing and are price setters, rather than price takers as suggested by perfect
competition (Krugman & Obstfeld, 2003). The idea of increasing returns and imperfect competition challenge the foundations of comparative
advantage. Increasing returns are the natural outcome of decreasing output costs and have external and internal factors which influence economies of
scale (Ossa, n.d.). Economies of scale are influenced externally by industry size, rather than firm size and include

Samsung Electronics Case Write-Up Essay
Samsung Electronics Case Write–Up
1.The Memory Industry (5 points).
Conduct a five–forces analysis of the memory industry. You will need to rate each of
the five forces in this industry as high, medium or low and then explain briefly why
you selected this rating.
A)Threat of New Entrants(Barriers to entry) (MEDIUM)
Samsung, being a global company with net revenues of over $30 billion, had established
an integrated supply chain with economies of scale and scope. New entrants were
required to come in on a very large scale for effectively minimizing costs, which the
Chinese companies succeeded in doing. Samsung had scale of economies in research and
chip fabrication and was world leading memory producer ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
They provided a 5% discount to
high volume buyers as they did not depend very heavily on this industry for revenues.
There was a high cost associated with switching suppliers. As product quality was

primary in the semiconductor industry, trusted suppliers were given a premium and
switching a supplier meant putting the product quality as risk. There were no real
substitutes for DRAM and Flash memory and hence suppliers had a HIGH degree of
bargaining power.
C)Bargaining power of Buyers (HIGH)
Price conscious customers were a key element of the semi conductor industry. The
consumer base was highly fragmented and there was not a single Original Equipment
Manufacturer (OEM) that controlled more than 20% of the global PC market
share(2003). Fewer buyers purchased in higher volumes as they were offered discounts
for the same. Due to pressure on PC producers by consumers to offer lower prices, the
manufacturers found it extremely hard to negotiate prices. Hence the bargaining power of
buyers was extremely HIGH.
D)Threat of Substitute Products (LOW)
In 2005, there were no real substitutes that could effectively challenge DRAMs or Flash
memory. Creating new types of memory was extremely costly and could take years to
effectively

What Are The Advantages And Disadvantages Of International...
Advantages and Disadvantages of International Trade
Author's Name
Instructor's Name
Advantages and Disadvantages of International Trade
Introduction
The exchange of goods and services among countries is known as international trade. It is the foundation of a global economy, where prices, supply
and demand factors affect and are affected by events all around the world. Such trade provides an opportunity for countries to be exposed to products
unavailable domestically and to provide their local products to foreign markets (Heakal, 2015). The following sections will discuss the benefits and
drawbacks of international trade.
Advantages of International Trade
Given that the world is interdependent, economic progress of a country depends upon its relations with other nations (Shukla, 2009). Through strong
international trade, economies have flourished and gained power to control and steer the global economy (Economy Watch, 2010). Over the years, it
has offered a wide range of benefits to various economies across the globe. The rising importance of international trade has been fueled by
contemporary production techniques, innovative transportation systems, transnational organizations, outsourcing activities and expeditious
industrialization (Economy Watch, 2010). ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Local production can suffer as domestic industries become dominated by foreign competitors and go out of business (Shukla, 2009). As a result, the
local economy can become dependent on foreign economies, leading to loss of local employment (V.Vijayasri, 2013). Overdependence on affluent
economies can be risky as they can impose their political agendas on weaker economies in order to exploit them (Shukla, 2009). Exploitation also
occurs in the form of embargoes and other trade restrictions imposed in case differences arise among trading nations (V.Vijayasri,

Social Media Advantages And Disadvantages
Advantages vs Disadvantages
Antronette Henderson
HUM/186
August 28, 2017
University of Phoenix
Advantages vs Disadvantages
The purpose of this essay is to discuss the advantages and disadvantages of obtainable information as well as the advantages and disadvantages of
social media. I will also explain how knowing these advantages and disadvantages can alter how a person might use social media. The last thing I will
talk about what credibility issues can arise from information on the internet.
Obtainable Information
Advantages of easily obtainable information. You have the advantage to find out about anything that is within the reach of your fingertips thanks to
search engines such as Google, Google Chrome, Bing, Firefox, and more.
You can find out what is going on all over the world as well as the local news. You can keep up with the President both past and present. The
internet will allow you to do all sorts of things. If you wanted to do some shopping you can do that as well. You can compare prices of who has the
best deal all without leaving your home. That way when you make you mind up you know where you want to go and you do not have to go from
store to store. There are ways to find out something that happened a few years back if need be. You can research old articles. If you wanted to do
people search you could do that as well to a certain point without being charged a fee.
Some disadvantages of easily obtainable information. If you have done something on the

Key Issues, Problems And Decision Making
Section 2: Key Issues, Problems and Decision Making
This was a very important time for Lands' End as very key changes were being made in the organization. The company had introduced a new
customized Chino program in 2001 with a further addition edition of shirts in the following year. This was done to take advantage of the web based
service it was already providing and to make more efficient and profitable sales. This helped an increase in sales of 40% as compared to previous years
and what was interesting to note that at that time, none of the company's competitor were offering this service, showing that technology was giving
Lands' End a competitive advantage. In addition to this the new partnership in 2001 with ASI was also added on to ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Therefore it was hard to believe that Lands' End could maintain its competitive advantage through just use of superior technology. Maturing growth in
the USA and abroad had forced the company to reduce its number of catalog pages and mail fewer books. "Lands ' End was reaching logical
limitations of what the catalog could do for them
The last key issue was the company's decision to be acquired by Sears at $1.9 billion where it had the exclusive right to sell Lands' End product in
its retail stores. This new horizontal integration had left a big question on whether Lands' End will be able to earn profits under this new
organization and whether any conflict will arise with this new establishment. At that time the company was facing declining sales in catalogs and
already was in talks with Sears in the previous years' believing that the retail stores would be a key addition to the platform for selling its products.
The retail stores would be used to showcase the Lands' End products and if any product found unsatisfactory through catalog and online purchase
could be returned through these stores as well. There were a number of key decisions that were needed to be made in order to ensure a successful
future of Lands' End. The first was that should Lands' End continues to partner with ASI as they had started providing similar services to Lands' End
competitor and helping them achieve a much cheaper and better product. Currently ASI

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