The document discusses Belgium's Cookie Law and related privacy legislation regarding the use of cookies on websites. It defines what cookies are and how they work, including both technical and tracking cookies. The law requires websites to obtain user consent before storing tracking cookies on devices and to inform users about how their data is collected and used. Non-compliance could result in fines, while proper implementation presents challenges for user experience and online marketing practices.

1. The Cookie Law in Belgium
presented by

3. A cookie ?
๏ What is it for ?
• Stores useful info ➝ language preferences (ex: Google),
account logins, etc.
• Enhances the website experience (content & service
personalisation)
๏ Marketing Purposes
• Allows the tracking of users’ behaviour (visited websites, etc.)
& the creation of profiles (interests, etc.)
• By linking this behaviour to previously collected personal
data (name, e-mail address, etc.)
• Better advertising targeting + remarketing

4. how it works
๏ What is it ?
• A text file saved on the hard disk of a person visiting a website
๏ ≠ Cookie types
• Technical Cookies (first party cookies): technical part of a
website (language preferences, login, etc.)
• Tracking Cookies (third party cookies): record visitors’
behaviour (visited websites, etc.)
• Session Cookies: memorise preferences only during a session
• Permanent Cookies: stay on the hard disk until removed by the
user or reaching the due date

5. how it works

6. tRacking cookies
๏ Privacy invasion
• Date collection for commercial purposes
• Sales to third parties
• Internet surveillance
๏ Marketing: behaviour tracking

7. legislation
๏ At the European level
• E-Privacy directive or «Cookie Law», 2011
๏ At the Belgian level
• The Privacy Protection Law, 1992
• Telecom Law, 2012
๏ Different interpretations
• Netherlands
• Germany, Italy, UK, etc.

8. eu directive
๏ The e-Privacy directive or «Cookie
Law»
• Since may 2011
• All website owners whose headquarters are located in
the European Union must obtain the agreement of any
user in order to store tracking cookies on their computers
any other similar devices (smartphones, tablets,...).

9. eu directive
๏ Before the law
• This agreement was tacit
• The user had to set his browser in order to accept or
refuse the use of cookies
- Few people knew about the existence of cookies
- Or didn’t know how to block them

10. 1992 LAW
๏ The Privacy Protection Law
• Obligation to indicate on the website:
- What user data is stored and who manages this data
- How the user can access and view his data & how he
can change it
• This mentions have to be shown either on an online
questionnaire, the home page, a separated page, or a
disclaimer

11. telecom LAW
๏ The new Telecom Law (2012):
• The website owner must inform the visitor that he uses
cookies
• Why he uses them
• He must ask for permission to store a tracking cookie on
the device used by the visitor
- most websites install those cookies by default, unless
the user refuses them or withdraws his permission

12. ≠ interpretations
๏ The Netherlands require:
• The explicit permission of the user
• Through a pop-up
๏ Germany, Italy, GB, etc. Belgium ?
• The permission can be implicit ➝ the user is supposed
to set his browser parameters if he doesn’t want cookies
๏ A confusing law:
• MyLex «Cookierecht»: website+ mobile application +
campaign

13. Consequences

14. risks & fines
๏ Non-compliance to the law
• If the website doesn’t mention that it makes use of cookies
or if it doesn’t give the possibility to refuse them
• If the website installs cookies on the user’s device despite
his refusal
๏ Complaints to:
• The website owner
• The authorities: no data yet for Belgium
๏ Fines
• Up to 500.000£ in GB (ICO - Information Commissioners’
Office)

15. other issues
๏ Website ergonomics
• If applying the law like the Netherlands do:
- Display of a pop-up in the middle of the screen
- Harms the user-friendliness of websites
- Could prejudice e-commerce websites: extreme
application of the Cookie Law (IAB)
๏ Google Analytics

16. other issues
๏ Remarketing
• E-commerce websites will not be able to track the
clients/prospects who refused the cookies
๏ Future of online marketing ?
• Behavioural databases
• Precise targeting

17. links
๏ Cookie Law (Great-Britain)
๏ Cookierecht (Belgium)
๏ Cookieapp
๏ IAB Cookie Demo Site