a compilation of references for research

1. Name: ________LISETTE L. ONG_______________________________
Program: __Doctor of Philosophy major in Curriculum and Instruction______________________________
Annotated Bibliography with Insights
Theme Teaching Process among IP learners—diversity of learners
Working Title Application of the Cultural Responsive Pedagogy among IP Learners in Iriga City, Camarines Sur
Introduction
In accordance with the Deped Memorandum No. 35 series of 2019 which is all about Contextualization and Localization of
Learning Resources and merging it with Deped Order No. 62 series of 2011 which is about the Indigenous People Education
Program has been two important bases for the researcher’s study. It had focused on the IP learners in Iriga City where a large
percentage of 48,301 indigenous people of Bicol are situated in Iriga City. The said population is increasing every year but then it is
only aspect of the study, what counts more is the application of the Cultural Responsive Pedagogy (CRP) to the teaching-learning
process among the IP learners in selected schools in Iriga City. The CRP has something to do with the diversity of learners, inclusive
education and most of all the localization of learning resources but then the IP groups have their own identity, consciousness and
most of all the culture which can be subjected to discrimination, prejudice and stigma. Using an ethnographic research design with
historiography as a supplementary research design. The researcher will try to trace the cultural analysis imminent among the IP
tribes in Iriga City by focusing on the education both elementary and secondary in selected schools in the said city. There will be a
participant-observer method to be used to arrive at both ethnography and historiography research designs and in which there will
be an assessment on how the CRP be applied in the teaching-learning process.
Article 1 Annotation Insights
Title: DepEd sustains support for
culture based education for IP
learners
This article had focused on the continuing
implementation of the IPed Program which
had started on 2011, with the advocacy of
Deped centering on inclusive education,
There is a comparison between the
black race and IP learners despite the
geographical distance, proofs of
discrimination in the areas of
Citation: Business Mirror( 2017) DepEd

2. sustains support for culture
based education for IP learners
there is no room for discrimination among
learners in any forms that is the reason why
Deped through this program has been
promoting the contextualization and
localization of learning materials to show
support and understanding on the needs of
the IP learners in terms of cultural
differences, the learners’ engagement and
most of gender sensitivity.
religion, gender, racial, culture and
social discrimination still do exist
despite the support and
understanding brought about by
various government agencies, It
cannot be helped that the IPs are
considered to be minorities therefore
there is inferiority with regards to
culture and this is the reason why the
researcher wants to apply the CRP in
the learning process because it will
open doors to a better
understanding of their culture and
how they can be helped in adjusting
to the culture at present embedded
with prejudice, trends and stigmas. It
is an opportune time to motivate
them to embrace and perhaps
assimilate new culture without giving
up their traditions and practices but
rather being progressive is the
ultimate goal.
Article 2 Annotation Insights
Title: How Indigenous People
Education
Programs in the Philippines
Adapt in a
Diverse Society?
The article tackles about the cultural diversity
and how it can bridge the gap between the IP
tribal knowledge with the new education
embraced at present. This has been a
perennial problem in the past that of
geographical differences which includes
culture, race, language, gender and religion
This article is a big help to the
researcher because there are two
main points involved first is the
cultural diversity and second is
cultural relativism but through
education and under the IPED
programs of Deped, this can be
Citation: Halasan Randy H. How
Indigenous People Education

3. Programs in the Philippines
Adapt in a
Diverse Society?
which became barriers and the reason why
there have been discrimination and
insensitivity to the differences. But through
the IPED programs under Deped, it can be a
vital tool to widen the understanding about
the diversities.
considered a first step towards a
better understanding of the
differences and an instrument of
bridging the gap in the future.
Second point to consider is that
education through curriculum and
instruction can be a big help in
overcoming the differences by
exercising sensitivity and
understanding. It may not be an easy
task but neither it is an impossible
one.
Article 3 Annotation Insights
Title: Indigenous Peoples and the
Right to Education: The
Dumagat Experience in the
Provinces of Nueva Ecija and
Aurora, in the Philippines
The research study had discussed the plight
of the Dumagat tribes in the provinces of
Nueva Ecija and Aurora in terms of
discrimination and not having equitable
access to education. In this study, the
researchers had made use of critical
pedagogy so as to present an unbiased
analysis on what made discrimination and
inaccessibility to education two rising
problems among the tribal group and which
infringe their rights to education and to
liberty as well.
The Dumagat tribe is not the only
tribal group which experience these
problems. It is a known fact that
almost all ethnic tribes had
experienced several or more
discriminations especially where the
rights are concerned, it is always
blaming on illiteracy as one of the
factors. Because of this study, there
are further follow up studies on how
to make education be accessible to
the IP tribes that there is inclusive
education and programs are
implemented to fit the needs of the
IP learners.
Citation: Eduardo, Jesster P (2021)
Indigenous Peoples and the
Right to Education: The
Dumagat Experience in the
Provinces of Nueva Ecija and
Aurora, in the Philippines
along with Gabriel Arnell B

4. Article 4 Annotation Insights
Title: ARTICLE INFORMATION
Education and Ethnicity: A
Phenomenology from the Lens
of the Indigenous Peoples of
Camarines Sur
The article focuses on the cultural traits
unique among IP tribes in Camarines Sur,
Included in this is the early marriage, the
communalism, limited socialization and
nomadic lifestyle, These factors had
precipitated also the problem in education
that it is not considered a vital factor for
growth and development but rather just an
action that can be taken loosely or without
serious aims or ambitions. It is perhaps one
of the reasons that rarely can an IP graduate
from tertiary education and not succumbing
to early marriage and pregnancies. There
have been forced droputs through the years
as they see education in just a superficial
level which means they are not keen on
joining the modern world and advocating
changes along the way it is why the IPED
programs have been implemented fully to fit
their needs to delete illiteracy but rather to
embrace education and learning for a
change.
In hindsight, education among the IP
tribes is taken lightly they are not
keen on progress and change as they
find contentment in their world
despite the discrimination and
prejudices. This has been one of the
many problems of the government
so as how to protect them and at the
same time preserve their legacies.
With the ballooning population
among the IP tribes and majority of
which are illiterate, the tendency to
be conned or taken advantage of are
purely ordinary scenarios in their
lives. Majority still want to stay
sheltered inside their world where
knowledge on practical things
presupposes learning brought about
by education. Changes in their lives
and the patterns of living are
becoming barriers to embrace
progressive learning along the way.
Citation: Andrada Marisol ARTICLE
INFORMATION Education and
Ethnicity: A Phenomenology
from the Lens of the
Indigenous Peoples of
Camarines Sur with Magalona
Joy Salem
Article 5 Annotation Insights
Title: Indigenous People's Education
During COVID-19: An
Environmentalist's Perspective
Ethnoecology a new term coined by the
environmentalist/researcher Dr. Ingle
wherein despite the fears and threats of the
pandemic, the IP tribes in Davao took the
regular way of life and that is to continue to
see environment and ecology as their means
The IP had their share of daily
struggles but they see life differently
from us, what counts in our world
are notable accomplishments and
material things but for them nature is
one gift that cannot be put aside and
Citation: Ingle Nina H. Indigenous
People's Education During
COVID-19: An

5. Environmentalist's Perspective of survival, this is the foundation of their
knowledge as they nurture and preserve the
environment which became their sanctuary,
their livelihood, their life and most of all their
survival and in one way or another can teach
us the importance of the environment
around us through their eyes, we can see
contentment despite the struggles but in our
eyes we can see differently but still it is
considered an education because they have
their own culture to adopt to, their own
practice to live with and most of all their own
identity which makes them different but
needed in our world,
neglected. This is one kind of
education that we modern people
has to learn to adapt, the sense of
contentment given by nature and
that we destroy in the process. For
them the simple thinking of the
bounties of nature make them
sharpen their knowledge and add to
their learning which we find too
blase and unrefined but then
perhaps it is time to absorb their
lessons and be critical about it and
we may be surprised with the
outcome.
Article 6 Annotation Insights
Title: Indigenous Peoples in the
Philippines A Country Case
Study By: David E. De Vera
Comprising 14 percent of the Philippine
Population, the study was presented towards
the term of delineation as part of the
ongoing issue on power struggle and
territorial rights especially where the
ancestral domain is the focus.
Marked by a strong and permanent
lineage system be it a study in
cultural anthropology or sociology
lies the fact that kinship here is not
focused on families alone but of
unity as one where there is the much
needed protection from the
government even with the countless
programs still is the territorial and
ancestral domains have been lessons
unlearned especially with the fate of
the Lumad people
Citation: David E. De Vera, executive
director of PAFID presented in
Hanoi Vietnam
Article 7 Annotation Insights
Title: No data, no story: What the There are no conclusive date on the ethnic The IPs had been a part of the history

6. absence of Indigenous
Peoples-specific data reveals
tribes in the Philippines neither the
population or in general demography not for
the lack of trying on the part of the
government so with the institutionalization
of the IPRA still it is of the present study but
the ethnographic research is quite a blur and
perhaps the reason or one of the reasons
why there is no story to tell,
of this country but sad to say they
have been treated as marginalized
and a minority and even permanent
data cannot be incurred for endless
reasons. Even if they belong to the
marginalized sector there can the
importance on their ethnicity and
ancestry to speak of and consider
and the untold stories has to be
unravel and told not because of
history but rather for human and
humane reasons
Citation: Carlos Perez Brito, September
21, 2021, World Bank Blogs
Article 8 Annotation Insights
Title: Indigenous Peoples
Engagement to Mainstream
Local Politics: a Southern
Philippines Narrative
The Bukidnon tribe as everyone is aware of
happens to be one of the most progressive
ethnic tribes in the Philippines and for the
reasons of appreciation and survival
especially in the social setting has crossed or
mainstreamed the local politics not for
power tripping but for the preservation of
the race and ethnicity and more focused on
the socio-cultural aspect
Education had been a privilege to the
ethnic community of the Bukidnon
tribe as they are more aware of the
present setting and the need to
survive in the power hungered state.
Their crossing the boundaries of
civilization signaled the need for
recognition appreciation and survival
furthermore the preservation of their
culture and way of life has to be
emphasized and be respected.
Citation: Joy Melyn L. Jayma
Article 9 Annotation Insights
Title:
Empowering the indigenous
A far cry from civilization, the British Council
community had sent off four scholars to
Driven first by curiosity to be
replaced by genuine concern for the

7. people through social enterprise
study and observe the way of life of the IPs in
Mindanao, there have been learning as
participant observer doing research and at
the same time interacting with the sultanate
of each tribes.
IPS in Mindanao who have to live
unsheltered and unprotected against
the abusers be it of rights of them
and more of their ancestral domain
and lastly the preservation of their
cultural and human pride.
Citation: APA FELICIANO
British Council
Article 9 Annotation Insights
Title: Indigenous Peoples' Human
Rights Observatory
A documented narratives of the cases filed
for and against the IPs through the past five
years. As a minority and people with little or
no knowledge of their human and
constitutional rights were subject to
discrimination, prejudice, stigmas,
harassment and even up to murder for
property rights.
Survival in the sense that they are a
minority with an inferior culture but
then just like any other individuals
are equipped with both
constitutional and human rights.
Those people responsible for
lambasting and violating those rights
are those that need to be considered
a minority with an inferior culture.
Citation: Commission on Human Rights
Article 10 Annotation Insights
Title: INDIGENOUS PEOPLES/ETHNIC
MINORITIES AND POVERTY
REDUCTION PHILIPPINES
In this series of papers being published and
sponsored by ADB had shown different case
studies on the IPS welfare and their mode of
survival despite living in an impoverished
state. The sense of community had helped
the tribes adjust despite being minorities to
what civilization has to offer.
The IPs are born not only with
intuition but so with instinct they
may lack in other areas such as
education but their sense of
community and unity is strong that
they are able to adapt to the many
changes brought about by a
developing civilization. They are used
to the traditional ways of life that
they don’t desire any material things
that they don’t need. Their happiness
radiates on their livelihood, their
Citation: Asian Development Bank

8. families and their community.
Article 11 Annotation Insights
Title: Teaching Philippine Indigenous
Culture
The Liberal Arts Program of De La Salle
University has been intent on offering this
course first as a subject before
mainstreaming to a course study because of
the need to preserve the ethnic communities
and because of the richness of culture
unknown to many.
The study used to be just an
introduction to sociology and cultural
anthropology but thank you that it is
slowly being considered as a full-
fledged subject especially with
western mentality such as the
majority can only be a wake up call
for own self-identity
Citation: Hazel T. Biana et al of DLSU
Article 12 Annotation Insights
Title: Philippines Soldiers Accused of
Beating Indigenous People
A sad plight for three IPs from a Zambales
tribe of Aeta origin who were killed by
soldiers because of ancestral rights. One was
even forced to eat feces before being killed.
The abuse of the soldiers is a
violation against the constitution
wherein they have the duty to
protect the people and not kill
people who are non-threats to them
but because of a rich manipulator
who had given them orders because
of the ancestral land that needs to be
possessed led to the sacrifice of the
three Aetas which can be despicable
and inhuman but then could it still be
a surprise for a very discriminating
society such as ours?
Citation: Brad Adams of Human Rights
Watch
Article 13 Annotation Insights
Title: Strangers in their Own Land:
The Marginalization of the
Philippine Indigene
From an anthropologist like Dr. Pagulayan he
was stating facts about the human rights and
oppressions being experienced by the IPS
There have been endless accounts of
human rights violation, exploitation
and oppression among the IPs

9. Citation: Ricardo Pagulayan especially where the ancestral land is
concerned, not only where the IPs are
subjected to discrimination but also as
outcasts who chose to stay quiet because of
lack of wealth, power and education but the
Philippine state is not complete without
them leading the Filipino race but then does
it matter to many?
because of the government and the
abusers but even with the many
programs initiated and implemented,
there have been a large number of
cases of injustice based on their
being marginalized and a minority.
The key here is still Education
Article 14 Annotation Insights
Title: Community Organizing for
Indigenous People in the
Philippines: A Proposed
Approach
The COVID-19 had produced drastic effects,
people became more selfish and materialistic
while others became compassionate and
kind. Different impacts had resulted from the
pandemic but then here is one health science
group who is willing to offer medical and
health services to the IPs not for fame or
popularity but because they understood the
sad plight of how many decades the IPS have
been carving a niche in the society.
Charity begins at home but before
compassion emanates, there is the
sense of reason and moral values
that comes from the heart. The
pandemic had taught lessons which
we cannot even understand but
needs to be realized and this is one
of them.
Citation: Jailah Bamba, Cristela Candelari
o, Rosarie Gabuya, Lhearnie Ma
nongdo
Article 15 Annotation Insights
Title: Participatory research with
indigenous communities in the
Philippines
To gain a deeper understanding of the IPs
there is a need to be both a participant and
an observer of their way of life, their culture
and ancestral roots. It does not end with a
publication or advocacy during the campaign
period it has to be done with one thing in
mind that a voice must be heard with selfless
reasons
During the last campaign period
personally I could not help myself
from doubting some political
candidates as they address the
situations of the IPS, that everything
was so shallow and superficial that
they cannot even fully understand
the distinctive identity emanating
from the IPs communities realizing
Citation: A. Mahinay from Pubmed

10. after their colorful speeches that
they were all for posterity or the
usual propaganda branding of
candidates but basically lacking in
substance.
Other Related Research
Driven from home, Philippine indigenous people long for their land
1. The plight of the Lumads being driven away from their ancestral domains call for protection and help from the government
but still unheard even up to the present
2. Indigenous Communities: A Situation Analysis by Yuchengo Institute of Research wherein the discovery and rediscovery of
the IP communities in the Philippines has been studied, interpreted and analyzed
3. Indigenous Women fight for their Rights still the gender sensitivity and discrimination experienced by IP women opposing
the idea of gender equality thus suppressing their rights as women in a patriarchal-masochistic society.
Research Questions
4. What are the impacts of the different pedagogies delivered to eject change among the Aetas in iriga City?
5. How will education and its pedagogies contribute to a brighter future among the Aetas in iriga City?
6. How will education and its pedagogies lessen discrimination and other issues among the Aetas in Iriga City?