Cbt Principles And Family Systems Theory

Cbt Principles And Family Systems Theory
1. Discuss the integration of CBT principles and family systems theories. From a Christian world
view perspective integrating the pragmatic approach of CBT with the relational methodology
prevalent in family systems theories just seems like a sound idea. Christians express that mankind is
created in the image of God and exhibit the relational quality found in Him. Therefore, combining
the two modalities would benefit clients in that change is sought with CBT from an "outside–in"
orientation and with family systems from the "inside–out". CBT is based on the dynamic
formulation of patients' problems and an individual conceptualization of each patient in cognitive
terms (Beck, 2011). However, changing only one part (i.e., the individual) of the whole (i.e., the
family unit) may be difficult at best or impossible at worst if the presenting problem is not
conceptualized to include how familial relationships, patterns, communication, and behaviors affect
both inter– and intrapersonal skill deficits. By integrating CBT and family systems theories the
individual and the family can learn to recognize how certain behaviors impact different parts of the
family unit. Moreover, numerous techniques can be implemented such as behavior and anger
management, emotional regulation, problem–solving skills, social skills training, cognitive
restructuring, and active listening (Beck, 2011) to assist the family unit with becoming better
adjusted as a cohesive entity. Instead of treating
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Person Centered Therapy
Question: The topic chosen for your assignment is on Person centered therapy.
Write in 3 equal parts the following:
Briefly describe the key concepts.
Explain the strengths and weaknesses of this therapy.
How do you feel about the approach of this therapy?
Answer: Psychotherapy Networker conducted a survey in 2006 (as cited in Corey, 2009) identifying
Carl Rogers as the single most influential psychotherapist of the past quarter century. Using
humanistic psychological concepts, Rogers formulated a person–centered approach to therapy.
According to Corey (2009), he believed that people are trustworthy and have the potential to
understand themselves and find their own solutions to problems without the therapist 's intervention.
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Another strength, according to Corey (2009), is that this model of therapy is safer than models that
place the therapist in a more directive position such as psychoanalysis. It stresses on working
alongside clients instead of getting ahead of them with the therapist 's interpretations. Furthermore,
the Rogerian approach is versatile. Cain supports this by stating that extensive research shows
person–centered therapy 's relevance to a vast range of clients and problems of all age groups (as
cited in Corey, 2009). It has also left an impact on counselling as its core conditions have become
universal to other therapies. The cognitive behavioural approach, for example, recognises the
necessity of a therapeutic relationship that is built upon trust and acceptance for its success. This
versatility also stretches beyond counseliing. The concepts of the approach are commonly accepted
and widely adopted in other settings such as education, human relations and healthcare and are also
applicable to one 's personal life (Corey, 2009). In addition, this approach is still relevant today. This
is due to Rogers ' expectation of the therapy to continue to evolve. In presenting his theory, Rogers
strived for others to view it as a set of guidelines for the development of the therapeutic process
instead of a dogmatic set of rules to be adhered to. (Corey, 2009). However, despite these strengths,
the person–centered approach does have its limitations. Many clients

Reflection Paper On Cognitive Therapy
Reflection and Application Paper #8
Before the New Testament was written the Old Testament told the story of Creation, the Fall, and
man's unsuccessful quest for reconciliation. However, interspersed among the Scripture were
numerous foreshadowing's of a Saving Grace who would reign on earth and deliver God's children
from their iniquities and break the shackles of sin. In the New Testament, John the Baptist more
precisely exclaimed the coming of the One who would lead God's children. A foundation was laid
that set the stage for Jesus' birth, ministry, death, resurrection, and ultimately His ascension. In a
similar manner McMinn and Campbell (2007) began their book by providing the necessary
groundwork for their Integrative ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
114). Found within each domain is a descriptive manner in which a person mirrors our Father above.
Moreover, McMinn and Campbell (2007) assert that each domain is not to be viewed in a vacuum.
That is, while each individual domain serves as a reflection of God "...it is essential in the IP model
to recognize that the domains are interconnected" (p. 115). Acknowledgement of this fact reveals the
complexity of human beings and their accompanying problems that they bring with them to the
counseling session.
The primary difference between IP and non–IP is the view taken in regards to the third domain of
relationships. Whereas both therapies agree with thoughts, feelings, and behaviors and core beliefs
as being important when it comes to addressing the human condition, McMinn and Campbell (2007)
assert "that relational wounding is the primary source of human dysfunction and so the therapeutic
relationship is of utmost significance" (p. 116). Placing emphasis on the connections held between
other people is highly representative of the nature of God and His desire for closeness and
fellowship with His children. I am in agreement with this approach not simply because many
research studies indicate that the therapeutic alliance predicts successful outcomes and a higher rate
of client retention (Eyrich–Garg, 2008;

A Summary Of Integrative Psychotherapy
Integrative psychotherapy attempts to look at many schools and approaches in order to see what can
be learned and gained from each one. Psychotherapists who use an integrative approach are open to
various ways of integrating diverse theories and techniques. Integrative psychotherapy challenges to
take a look at numerous ways, and approaches keeping in mind the end goal of the client. Their
efforts to see what can be found out and picked up from each one. Psychotherapists who utilize an
integrative method are interested in different methods for coordinating various theories and
structures. The four common routes are Common factors, Theoretical integration, Assimilative
integration, and Technical eclecticism (Corey, 2013). Integrative therapist

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
Theory Critique on:
Cognitive Behavioral and Reality Therapy
Liberty College
Debra Borzym
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
Aaron Beck is known as the pioneer of cognitive therapy, which has been a
utilized approach to psychotherapy. Beck attempted to further Freud's theory of
depression; however, the research moved more towards errors in logic, coined "cognitive
distortions" which were deemed the basis of underlying dysfunction and depression. The
fundamental aspect of cognitive therapy, which later integrated components of behaviorism, was the
carry–over of negative beliefs that reflected the individual's pathological behavior. In addition to
Beck, Albert Ellis contributed to the development of a cognitive ... Show more content on
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Challenge and action towards unfair and unjust treatment of others has been the foundation for
socialized modifications in society. If people did not question social unfairness then there would
have never been righteousness or change. Jesus Christ went against the values of the people of his
time. He went out into the world and offered others a different way to live. He accepted others, such
as Mary Magdalene for whom they were and did not judge nor persecute them. Cognitive behavioral
theory focuses more thought and actions, which eliminates a judgmental stance that can be defeatist
to client esteem. The client in essence can perceive this as accepting, just like Jesus, which can be
fertile towards the client having esteem in him or herself. That esteem can motivate action and
change. The client in essence will "move a muscle to change a thought". Lastly I have mixed views
on the use of confrontation in this therapy. If done correctly this practice can promote change but I
question what right a counselor has on saying what is healthy or unhealthy for a client. This is why I
see the therapy as limited There are times when a client is facing immediate crisis and does not have
time to explore and connect piece of the past to promote the needed change that's why I feel this
therapy can be appropriate. At the same time a present issue may go unresolved if the client is
unable to "connect the dots" which show a history of dysfunctional

Essay Systems and Multi Cultural Approaches p
Systems and Multi–Cultural Approaches Darla K. Parido
CJHS 400
November 17, 2014
Justina Smith
Systems and Multi–Cultural Approaches
Systems Theory Definition The systems theory of psychology uses multifaceted systems to discover
behavioral pattern and the human experience. "The technique relies on identifying specific behavior
patterns and how each member responds to anxiety within the dynamic. By doing this, the
individual participants can begin to understand and transform their patterns to more adaptive,
productive behaviors" (GoodTherapy.org, 2014 p. 1).
Multicultural Approaches Definition The Multicultural Approach to psychology is a "systematic
study of all aspects of human behavior as it occurs in settings where people of ... Show more content
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Gay/Lesbian The Approach – David is a young man who has been quite successful as a personal
trainer at a local gym. He recently ended a relationship with a man he met at work but is being
emotionally blackmailed to stay in this relationship. His partner Jason has threatened to tell other
people that David is gay. David worries that co–workers will look unlikely towards him if they were
to find out that he is a homosexual. His other worry is a warrant for possession with intent to
distribute narcotics and if he has to service jail time how other inmates would treat him if his
homosexuality was found out. I believe that the best course of action for David would be Gay
Affirmative Psychotherapy. Why use this approach – With this client I would use Gay Affirmative
Psychotherapy. This therapy focuses on empowering the client to embrace their homosexuality and
overcoming the stigma of being gay. Through this therapy we will discuss how to "cope with
prejudice, discrimination, and violence in both their families and within the general society" (Jones–
Smith, 2012, p. 387). In regards to the possible treatment while in jail, we would get in touch with
the correctional multicultural therapist to see how David can acclimate to prison life and still be true
to his identity without fear of retaliation from other prisoners.
Religious
The Approach – Layla is a middle aged female of the Muslim faith. She will be serving 30 days in
jail for theft and is worried about

An analysis of Schools of Psychotherapy as they relate to...
An analysis of Schools of Psychotherapy as they relate to Anger Management
Anger is a basic human emotion that transcends cultural boundaries. However, despite its
universality, an exact definition agreed upon by all people is lacking (Norcross & Kobayashi, 1999).
Physiologically, brain centers in the amygdala are connected to anger processing. Because the
information processing that takes place in this brain structure is primitive, anger can be triggered
inappropriately and without the individual's knowledge of the cause. In psychodynamic terms, past
events and experiences suppressed in the unconscious can be the source of generated anger. In
cognitive–behavioral terms, anger is described as an interaction of behavior, cognition, and ... Show
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However, by exploring the various characteristics of the different schools of psychotherapy,
similarities and compatibilities become apparent, which can lead to a more integrative and eclectic
approach to anger management.
The Psychodynamic Approach
The psychodynamic approach can be traced to Sigmund Freud in the late 19th century and the early
part of the 20th century. He first concentrated on a cathartic method to release repressed emotions
associated with past experiences and then began to focus on a free association method and the
development of transference (Messer, 2001). Underlying the psychoanalytic perspective is the idea
of the unconscious. The unconscious is where past experiences and true emotions are hidden.
Manifestation of an undesirable trait, such as anger, along with excessive use of defense
mechanisms lead to the assumption of a deeper conflict hidden within the unconscious.
Psychodynamic techniques try to gain access to the unconscious and make the patient aware of the
underlying conflict (Phares and Trull, 2001). Among the emphases of psychodynamic therapy are a
focus on the evocation and expression of emotion to uncover the patient's unconscious issues, the
importance of emotional insight in which the patient can experience and comfortably understand his
emotion, a concentration on a

Types Of Integrative Therapy
What types of psychotherapy have known?
Cognitive behavioral psychotherapy focuses on changing thought and behavior patterns that
maintain individual problems. The approach focuses on dealing with the problem with which the
client is involved in the current period of life (here and now).
Integrative Gestalt therapy deals with the multilayered human being: body, soul, spirit – the therapist
is essential that man perceives through all the components.
Logotherapy focuses on the meaning of human existence and the individual's search for the
meaning. The will to meaning is a fundamental human drivers that motivate them to work in the
context of human spiritual dimension, which is different from the primary motivation needs or
instincts.
Reality Therapy is a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Its aim is the integration of personality, which means the integration of emotional, cognitive and
physiological systems of the individual, taking into account social and spiritual dimensions.
Psychoanalysis can reveal the importance of the unconscious through free associations, dreams,
fantasies, ideas, lapses and dynamics of interactions between the analyst and analizandom, which we
can translate to the understanding of the current problems.
Method to explore the psychological processes; This method is tied to the psychoanalytic setting
with two orientations: free association and interpretation of dreams.
The procedure for the treatment of mental disorders, which is also linked to the setting, with
emphasis on the analysis of transfer, transmission, resistance and techniques of interpretation.
The basic principles of psychoanalytical theories
Basic principles and assumptions of Freud's psychoanalysis are psychic determinism, the central
importance of the unconscious, intentional (purposeful) the nature of the behavior, development and
historical approach.
Document

Person Centred Therapy Offers the Therapist All That...
In the field of Counselling and Psychotherapy there are many differing theories which are used to
help those who seek counselling including Person Centred Therapy.
Person Centred Therapy has been described as one nation, many tribes by Pete Sanders. In many
parts of the world Person–Centred Therapy (PCT) is seen as a family of therapies, including
Experiential Psychotherapy and Focusing. Closely associated with PCT are Existential Therapy and
various integrative approaches. Since Carl Rogers' death, there has been much debate regarding
what can and cannot rightly claim to be called 'Person–Centred Therapy. 'Proponents of the differing
Tribes argue for their schools of thought. (Warner 2006). At the heart of all the differing thoughts ...
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Many critics of the theory have misunderstood Roger's concepts and commented that this is
outmoded today, and according to Bohart (2007) the critics were saying that it "glorifies the
individual at the expense of others".
Wilkins (2003) argued that Roger's concept of self–actualization is culturally biased, reflecting a
Western cultural emphasis on the separate, autonomous individualistic self. However, Bohart states
that Roger's concept of self as culture–specific is compatible with cultures which view the self in
relational rather than individualistic terms, and even cultures that have no concept of self. Self–
actualizations means enhancing or actualizing the self as the self is defined for that person and
culture.
Roger's did believe that the tendency of actualization of a person in therapy was to always go in a
positive pro social direction, but critics state that it may lead to self centred narcissistic behaviour
(Bozarth and Brodley, 1991). Roger's recognized that environmental and social factors (introjected
conditions of worth) could inhibit or distort the process of actualization so that a negative rather than
positive outcome may occur, but also that the fully functioning person is 'soundly and realistically
social' (Rogers 1961 c)
Rogers postulated that therapeutic movement will only occur if, and only if, 6 conditions were in
place between the therapist and client.
The first condition of Person centred therapy is that therapist and client should

Experimen Integrative Therapy In Family Counseling
There wasn't as much discussion on family systems therapy during our class meeting. However,
Stan did mention that, if he were to ask his family to meet with Dr. Corey, neither his dad nor his
brother would likely be interested. Strangely, he thought his mom might accompany his sister,
although I find that hard to believe after hearing some of the things he has shared about her.
I did some research on it that night after our meeting and found some very interesting facts and
statistics. Family counseling can only be effective when all family members make the effort to be
present. Once the clients are processing in family systems terms, it is expected that they can be more
objective and avoid some of the emotional reactions that might obstruct positive treatment.
Beginning with a focus on the symptomatic issue, the hope is that the system will start to reveal
itself. It is then the task of the therapist to begin introducing a broader conceptualization of how the
family members can and should experience these as they arise. This approach can alleviate primary
problems in family functioning, scapegoating, guilt and blame, lack of empathy for differences, and
nonfunctional rules, while forming new and better agreements for positive growth and functioning.
During the time a counselor spends with the family system and its struggles, they will ... Show more
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I got the idea from Dr. Corey's introduction of this theory that he uses it quite often. Bringing
multiple psychotherapies together can mold affective, cognitive, behavioral, and physiological
systems within a person, bringing together an awareness of the social aspects of the person's
surroundings. This approach follows the concept that all people exist within a concept of human
development in which each stage of life presents progressing tasks, growing sensitivity to needs,
disasters, and opportunities for new

Cbt For Depression And Parkinson 's Disease
Another study that shows the effectiveness of CBT took a look at the use of CBT for depression in
Parkinson's disease. According to scientists depressed patients with Parkinson's disease could show
greater improvements in anxiety, quality of life, coping, and Parkinson 's disease symptoms if
treated with CBT. The purpose of their study was to examine the efficacy of individually
administered cognitive–behavioral therapy (CBT), relative to clinical monitoring (with no new
treatment), for depression in this medical population. For people with Parkinson's, depression is
very common and it is the symptom most often overlooked. Up to 60 percent of people with
Parkinson's experience mild or moderate depressive symptoms. Research suggests that the disease
itself causes chemical changes in the brain that may lead to depression. Parkinson's affects many
parts of the brain that are important in controlling mood. One of these is the area that produces
serotonin, a brain chemical implicated in depression. Another part of the brain important in
regulating mood, the frontal lobe, is known to be under–active in Parkinson's. Commonly prescribed
antidepressants can help. In addition to medications, cognitive–behavioral therapy has also been
shown to help some people with Parkinson's. Other researchers have found that people with
Parkinson's who were depressed had more trouble with daily activities, and were more likely to
begin medication for motor symptoms sooner than those without

Harm Reduction: A Continuum Of Care
The title of my proposed capstone project is: Harm Reduction: A Continuum of Care. Harm
reduction is an alternative treatment approach which focuses on decreasing the hazardous
consequences of a client's substance abuse and high risk behaviors rather than stressing abstinence
as its primary objective. Its proponents advocate a client directed intervention which emphasizes
their quality of life, overall wellbeing, and informed participation in the therapeutic process. It is a
philosophy which has been applied to substance abuse treatment, public health policy, and
psychotherapy (integrative harm reduction psychotherapy) with empirically supported results. I
chose to investigate this topic because I would like to gain a greater understanding

Integrative Therapy And Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
Jenna Donaldson Theoretical Orientation Paper California University of Pennsylvania Introduction
At the beginning of the semester I took the theoretical orientation scale to see what theories I closely
align to. I found out that my top three theories were integrative, strengths–based, and person–
centered. However, after discussing play therapy and cognitive–behavioral therapy I have decided
that I feel aligned to those theories as well. Integrative Therapy Approach It did not surprise me that
I scored the highest in integrative therapy. Since I started studying psychology in my undergraduate
classes, I knew that it was important to incorporate more than one theory, I just did not know which
ones I liked the best. Now that I have learned about the different theories and I know which ones I
align to; I know what my integrative therapy approach will be. Although I do not fully what the
integrative therapy approach entails before, Jones–Smith (2016) describes "it represents openness to
different ways of integrating diverse therapy theories and techniques" (p. 16). To me this means that
you are open and willing to accept and incorporate different aspects of different theories to better
suit your clients. I think that it is very important to be flexible in your counseling techniques because
no two people are alike especially when counseling. So far, I like the strengths–based, person–
centered, play/arts, cognitive–behavioral, and family therapy. Strengths–Based

Curriculum : The Fulfillment Of An Integrated Curriculum...
Curriculum in Higher Education
The main focus of this paper is to shed some lights on concept of curriculum through two aspects:
the fulfillment of an integrated curriculum through Doll 's lens as well as the importance of
involving stakeholders in the development of curriculum. Learner centered curriculum is the initial
aspect to be examined because of its significance. "In my perspective, curriculum is an academic
program which is implemented by educational institutions as a plan for students. It involves courses
that are necessary for the development of learning. The importance of curriculum lies in the fact that
it is established for students to be aware of what they are supposed to cover and what is expected
from them to learn from the course proposed" (Wahba, 2016). Honestly speaking, my perspective
about the definition and importance of curriculum has been changed as I thought that it is
established for students to be acquainted with the courses they are supposed to cover and what is
expected and required from them to learn from the proposed courses only, but I found out that
curriculum 's significance has more expanded dimensions. After getting exposed to some theories
and getting involved in a rich discussion conducted by my professor in one of the classes of the
Holistic Institutional & Individual Development in Higher Education course, I started to change my
view and assumptions about the way curriculum should be addressed and new aspects

Psychodynamic Approach Case Study Cognitive Psychology
My clinical approach thus far is theoretically informed by behavioral, psychodynamic, and
humanistic psychotherapy. Included in the foundation of my theoretical orientation is the patient's
biological, psychological, spiritual, and social experience. I have a passion for understanding
clinical effectiveness and aim to increase this in my work as a therapist. Thus far, I find the
integrative approach has been effective within the practice of health psychology. It allows for the
flexibility and the ability to sophistically adapt within different contexts, settings and perspectives.
From a counseling perspective, my case conceptualization involves looking at the patient's strengths
and areas that have not developed fully in relation to their desired goals. I try to emphasize strengths
and work patiently with any areas of development. I also try to understand how their environmental
and situational influences have affected their current issues. One of my first influences was the work
of Carl Rogers, whose emphasis is on unconditional regard for the patient and nonjudgmental
listening. This humanistic approach has strongly informed my way of being with patients. I have
found that each patient has innate wisdom and a sense of readiness for certain experiences. What
inspires readiness for treatment is deep listening, appreciation, and empathy. ... Show more content
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Being responsible and receptive of my influences towards the patient in both unconscious and
conscious ways can help to eliminate unnecessary impingements. I have learned that patients' may
borrow some of the therapists strengths until they can form better coping mechanisms. Being a
strong therapist means I am still working on myself and can separate my own needs, wants and
desires from the patients'. Creating a space that focuses exclusively on them allows them to be seen
for who they

Factors Role In Evidence Based Practice
Common Factors Role in Expanding Evidence–Based Practice
Since the establishment of psychoanalytic therapy, and throughout the modern era of psychology
there has been a strong tradition of following one of the Grand Theories. During this time, many
practitioners exhibited considerable dogmatic allegiance to theoretical orientations (Norcross &
Goldfried, 2005). As the field of psychology matured into the post–modern era, there has been a
shift away from factionalism and parochialism toward one of open dialogue (Safran & Messer,
1997). Norcross and Garfried (2005) highlight some contributing factors. For example, the
explosion of new therapeutic approaches and the realization that no theory is without flaws. The
discovery that ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
First, it will define the major approaches to integration.
Common Types of Psychotherapy Integration There are different approaches to integration. One
popular method is technical eclecticism, which emphasizes matching the client with the right
intervention (Norcross & Goldfried, 2005). Proponents draw interventions from different sources.
There does not need to be a connection between meta–beliefs and techniques. Two examples are
Lazarus's multimodal therapy and Beutler's systematic treatment selection. A second system, the
common factors (CF) approach, seeks to find core ingredients throughout all of the therapeutic
models, with the goal of creating more parsimonious and efficacious treatments (Norcross &
Goldfried, 2005).
A third popular theory is theoretical integration (Norcross & Goldfried, 2005). Two or more
therapies including the underlying theories and techniques are integrated to form one new therapy.
The goal is to create a conceptual framework that adopts the best elements of each theory. One
example of theoretical integration is cyclical psychodynamics which integrates both relational
psychoanalytic and psychodynamic thoughts with cognitive behavioral, systemic, and humanistic–
experiential therapies (Wachtel, 2014). Wachtel describes bringing together different, but
complementary methods of therapy that developed outside of the psychoanalytic point of view.
Combining different

Integrative Psychotherapy Analysis
Integrative Psychotherapy grasps a demeanor towards the act of therapy that emphasizes the
absolute assessment of every person. The integrative strategy is stamped by uncovering a variety of
methods for incorporating numerous speculation and strategies (Corey, 2013). It is a binding
together different approaching, and incorporating them that is basically the objective. The therapy
will be fitting and successful if the client is feeling, behavioral, intellectual, and physiological levels
are working towards the best measure of life. This method energizes the wellbeing of the individual,
and identify with the person's identity, and the needs.
The incorporated approaches of therapy pulls from all angles, and contributes to helping the client

Understanding The HCAPApproach
The "HCAP" approach is one of the theories that are linked by other common factors, this kind of
therapeutic approach encompasses the amalgamation of theories (the ones that work best together),
it is a blended therapy with an emphasis on the therapist being more like a mentor, positioned to
solidify the relationship (bond) between the therapist and the client or patient (Barclay, 2016, p. 22–
23). Moreover, HCAP which stands for "hope, commitment, accountability, and passion" is a
technique that attempts to align the therapist with the client's basic human needs, such as, when
hope is well aligned with the therapist it provides a strong embrace on the client's ability to learn
how to possibly turn any negative into a positive outcome (Barclay,

Dissociative Identity Disorder Summary
Article Summary
Dissociative Identity Disorder, also known as DID, is associated with posttraumatic stress disorder
PTSD. This disorder will onset in childhood and is treatable with several options, but in the last few
years Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing Therapy, also known as EMDR has become
an acceptable treatment option. Using EMDR therapy the therapist can reinsert the memories of the
traumatic childhood experience, this will allow the patient to recognize and overcome the trauma
(Fine & Berkowitz, 2001). This treatment will allow access to the trauma in each personality of the
DID patient while allowing the patient to overcome the trauma (Fine & Berkowitz, 2001).
EMDR treatment is powerful and great caution is to be exercised ... Show more content on
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EMDR therapy reintegrates the personality while helping the patient recover. EMDR teaches the
patient skills, builds resources, applies protocols, process past memories, identify triggers and
provides a template for future behavior (Groenendijk, Gonzalez, Mosquera & Solomon, 2013).
Treatment results are often reevaluated to ensure treatment is effective and on course. This article
focuses on incorporating EMDR in the first phase of treatment. Using EMDR therapy can shorten
the recovery period and allow the client to effectively heal. By applying the correct groundwork in
treatment EMDR therapy can be very effective in treating DID (Groenendijk, Gonzalez, Mosquera
& Solomon,

Psychodynamic Therapeutic Approach
The choice of therapeutic approach is critical to the effectiveness of any therapeutic plan. In some
cases, a particular approach has become a universal standard: such as cognitive behavioral therapy
for the treatment of phobias. More often, there is a range of potentially suitable approaches.
Numerous factors constrain the possibilities: the nature of the presenting problem or psychological
issue, the client's level of commitment to change, whether the client is an individual, family, or
group are all factors. Practical considerations are also relevant: the cost of treatment and limits of
insurance coverage, the duration of sessions and total length of treatment, and legal or institutional
constraints. The client's preference is also extremely ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The individual format would be ideal. Family therapy would be impractical since my daughter is
already an adult. A group therapy format would not be conducive to the depth of personal insight
expected. The brief format, preferably with around 12 weekly sessions, would be more feasible than
going through years of therapy. Psychodynamic psychotherapy is particularly well suited in my case
since it emphasizes the client's relationship with the primary caregiver. This would be my mother
and the issues surrounding her death. Another approach might be advisable if there were issues of
substance abuse, mental illness, or a trauma–related disorder such as post–traumatic stress disorder
(McDaniel, Lusterman, & Philpot, 2001; Rothschild, 2000). My goal in seeking therapy would be to
attain greater insight into the significance of my daughter–mother relationship and how her death
has impacted me. Improving my coping skills might be a part of the picture. Since many years have
passed since my mother's death, immediate grief support and management would not be a pressing
concern. In short, since my primary therapeutic goals would revolve around self–understanding of
my relationship with my mother, brief psychodynamic psychotherapy would be a perfect

A Study On Substance Abuse
When a client has a disorder, and goes to a therapist for help, would it make sense to help them
using only one school of thought or many? In the past, and even some today, therapist were trained
in one school of thought and so they only used techniques from that one school to treat their clients.
Substance abuse does not just affect one category of people, and if we treat everyone as a 30 year
old white upper class male/ female there are a lot of people we would be leaving out. Our country is
rich in different cultures and ethnicities, with so many it is virtually impossible to treat them all with
one set treatment method or technique. Some therapist realized a need for more diverse treatment
methods and went on to get further training in other techniques, this led to what we now call eclectic
and integrative psychotherapy. In these forms of therapy, the psychologist borrows from different
approaches to therapy to better help a particular person. The integration of various schools of
psychotherapy has been in the making for several decades, the reason it took so long to be taken
seriously is because of the competition between different schools. A good example of this is during
Freudian times when there were meetings on psychoanalysis, during these meetings each therapist
would claim that they had found the best treatment approach which caused arguments. These
disagreements only multiplied once behaviorism was founded. One of the first attempts at
combining techniques was

Proposal On Person Centred Therapy
Biljana van Rijn, Ciara Wild Transactional Humanistic and Integrative Therapies for Anxiety and
Depression: Practice–Based Evaluation of Transactional Analysis, Gestalt, and Integrative
Psychotherapies and Person–Centered Counseling Analysis Journal Vol 43, Issue 2, pp. 150 –
163.First Published October 2, 2013https://doi.org/10.1177/0362153713499545
These studies show the evidence base for the effectiveness of transactional analysis psychotherapy
These scale studies have also showed the effectiveness of short–term transactional analysis for the
reducing the distress, depression and anxiety symptoms. The studies have also demonstrated the
analysis, gestalt, and person centered and integrative counselling psychology have comparable ...
Hussain, N., Sprague, S., Madden, K., Hussain, F. N., Pindiprolu, B., & Bhandari, M. (2015). A
comparison of the types of screening tool administration methods used for the detection of intimate
partner violence: a systematic review and meta–analysis. Trauma Violence Abuse, 16(1), 60–69. doi:
10.1177/1524838013515759
The authors of this recently published review paper studied the outcomes of six randomized control
trials. These trails used several tools for screening to identify Intimate partner violence. Specifically,
they were interested in examining the rates of intimate partner violence disclosure among adult
women when computer– 18 assisted, self–assisted, and face–to–face interview screening were used
to disclose intimate partner violence. There were no significant differences in the outcomes of the
study when compared to studying the women who were screened face–to–face than those that used
self–administered screenings. The studies did show however, that studies which used a computer–
assisted screening tool had greater odds of disclosure more than the face–to–face interviews. Given
the sensitivities of disclosing intimate partner violence, this data suggests methods by which
screening women may be advantageous. This study relevancy is important due to the data on the
research on the best participants in a study on victims of intimate partner violence.
Lacey, Krim K

Book Analysis in Apa
Book Analysis
Robert J. Barnett
Olivet Nazarene University
Theories and Techniques of Counseling II
MAPC 20 – PSYC 611
Professor Tina Burton
September 25, 2014
Certification of Authorship: I certify that I am the author of this paper and that any assistance I
received in its preparation is fully acknowledged and disclosed in the paper. I have also cited any
sources from which I used data, ideas, or words, either quoted directly or paraphrased. I also certify
that this paper was prepared by me specifically for the purpose of this assignment.
Robert J. Barnett
Introduction:
What Jim Collin's epic book Good to Great is to the business and leadership world, Len Sperry and
Jon Carlson's book, How Master ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It addresses concerns that are increasingly important for the practice of psychotherapy today. Who
are the master therapists and how did they develop their expertise? What do they do? And, most
important, how do they go about effecting significant change in their clients" (p. xxiii). Along the
way contrasts and comparisons are made between what lesser experienced (or less proficient)
therapists might do with what master therapists might do and why. The authors provide this
overview: Chapter 1 provides a grand tour of the landscape of psychotherapy as it is practiced today.
It describes expertise in general and in regard to psychotherapy. It provides a profile of master
therapists and how early life experiences and professional work settings have influenced the
development of their own expertise. The text in chapters 2–8 is centered around the extended case
example. It will help you understand all the aspects of the therapeutic process and how all the
components of successful therapy fit together: the therapeutic alliance; assessment of the client's
change potential; clinician credibility; case conceptualization; interventions that foster first, second,
and third order change; monitoring and evaluation; and termination. It sets the stage for better
understanding the transcribed therapy segments and the two sets of commentaries. Chapter 9 lays
out the necessary developmental tasks and

Personal Theory Of Counseling Or Psychotherapy
ALTER THIS PAPER....IT HAS BEEN SUBMITTED TO TURN IT IN....USING IT VERBATIN
WILL RESULT IN A 100 MARK AND IDENTIFICATION WITH ANOTHER STUDENT
PAPER...IN OTHER WORDS, YOU WILL BE FOUND TO BE COMPLETELY CHEATING AND
MAY BE EXPELLED FROM YOUR UNIVERSITY...I WOULD USE IT AS A GUIDE, A
LAUNCHING POINT....SOMETHING YOU COULD PARAPHRASE OR BORROW SOME
IDEAS...
Personal Theory of Counseling or Psychotherapy
Personal Theory of Counseling or Psychotherapy
Personal Theory of Counseling of Counseling or Psychotherapy
Introduction
This application paper will discuss my personal theory of counseling or psychotherapy in a number
of different areas. Specifically, I will discuss the seven areas of interest. First, I will discuss and
describe ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
However, any person who is motivated to become fully self–aware can do so thorough life
experiences, including those experiences achieve in a therapeutic milieu. Ultimately, each person is
responsible for their own lives and the opportunities that are perceived by individuals are often
stunted because of an individuals life experiences, perceptions and feelings. While people seek to be
connected to others as they are innately social and through these social experiences shape their own
personalities, lives and the world around them. Ideally, people can work toward achieving their lives
in ways that are integrated and fulfilling. It is thorough personal freedom and understanding of the
self that this occurs (Corey, 2013).
My view of human nature borrows from person–centered therapy in that people are trustworthy, can
solve their own problems and have potential for growth (Corey, 2013a). It also borrows from the
Rogerian view of human nature that is similar to Adler's beliefs that a person is responsible for
oneself and capable of growth, wellness and moving from a discouraged state to an encouraged state
(Corey, 2013a). I also believe that people think and feel the way they do because of their
experiences. This includes past experiences in as much as the experiences influences the present and
need to be looked at to reveal truths for the individual. I

Integrated Approach For Counseling And Counseling
Integrated approach to counseling is when you combined theories to cover the clients' feelings,
cognitive patterns, and behavior (Corey, Theory and Practice of Counseling and Pschotherapy 8e,
2009). Each theory focuses one of these key components of a client but in counseling you need to
focus on each of these to fully help a client. The key to integrative counseling is to have multiple
theories function in harmony (Corey, Theory and Practice of Counseling and Pschotherapy 8e,
2009). Psychotherapy has four integration approaches; technical eclecticism, theoretical integration,
common factors approach, and assimilative integration. Psychotherapy integration is different than
eclectic; which is when therapist use theories because it works and uses no other reasoning when
grabbing from multiple theories (Stricker, An Introduction to Psychotherapy Integration, 2001).
Psychotherapy integration goes past the single theory approach to examine what can be learned and
combined with other theories (Stricker, Psychotherapy Integration, 2010). Technical eclecticism is
when a counselor uses their previous knowledge of a theory and experience combined with research
to use interventions on a client; this approach is thought of to be very close to eclectic practice
(Stricker, Psychotherapy Integration ). Technical eclecticism pull ideas from theories but do not
necessarily subscribe to the original positions of the theory (Corey, Theory and Practice of
Counseling and Pschotherapy 8e,

Psychology : Psychology And Psychology
Introduction
In the field of psychology there are several sub categories that tie into psychology. These sub
categories may include but are not limited to psychiatry, counseling, biopsychology etc. Now, when
a client decides to come into a counseling session, the effectiveness of the counselor depends on the
psychotherapy method used. Psychotherapy is, according to apa.org, "is the informed and intentional
application of clinical methods and interpersonal stances derived from established psychological
principles for the purpose of assisting people to modify their behaviors, cognitions, emotions, and/or
other personal characteristics in directions that the participants deem desirable". A psychotherapy is
needed in order for the counselor to be effective in understand how to help the client out of the
situation/problem he or she is in. Now there are many different types of psychotherapies. These
different type of psychotherapies differ in many different ways, but it is also up to the counselor and
how he or she chooses to use such a method to help the client our of their problem. Psychotherapy in
particular is Cognitive Behavioral therapy, also known as CBT. This method is used today, and has
had a huge impact in the field of counseling.
Introductions of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
Robertson (2010, Pg. 7) goes to explain the origination of CBT. He states
"The philosophical origins of cognitive therapy can be traced back to the Stoic philosophers,
particularly Zeno of

The Importance of Diversity in Counselling Contexts Essay
C0602– Counselling contexts
Tutor: Kevin Hogan
Submission date: 31st May 2013
'The importance of diversity in counselling contexts'
The importance of diversity in counselling has been the subject of much research over the last 50
years Patterson (1996) and is aimed at preventing inequalities among different population groups
regardless of ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, social class, age, physical abilities and religious
beliefs/beliefs. (Patterson, 1996)
When considering the different contexts in which counselling takes place, diversity appears to be the
most distinguishing factor that is linked to client satisfaction Hankins (2007) and is aimed at
providing a more 'universal system of counselling'. (Patterson, 1996, ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Systematic family therapy is aimed at professional counsellors and healthcare staff offering
counselling skills. Its origins derived from earlier works in the 1950's Stratton (2011) and the
emphasis of systematic therapy was placed on understanding psychological difficulties within
relationships (Boston, 2000). Systematic Family therapy has being identified as very effective
(Stratton , 2011). However some criticisms suggest that it may be less effective than individual
therapy if working with children or adolescents (Stratton, 2011).
Religious settings highlighted that only professional counsellors belonging to professional bodies
offered counselling services (West, 2001; Rye et al, 2000 and Thorne, 1991). It was also emphasised
that although counselling in Britain is not underpinned by religion Woodruff (2002) that it does have
its 'roots in religious forms' (West, 2001, p. 415). For example the act of forgiveness was seen as a
key competent of spiritual pastoral care West (2001) and also was identified to be used amongst
many therapist today (West 2001). It was also suggested that pastoral counselling played a large part
in the establishment of The BACP West (1998) which is the ethical framework that counsellors are
required to adhere to. (Moore & Roberts, 2010)
The benefits of religious counselling is it's proven efficacy Nathaniel (2005) that illustrates clients as
experiencing a greater feeling of closeness within the

Personal Internship Analysis
Personal Internship Supervision Model
According to Loganbill, Hardy, Delworth (1982), and Stoltenberg (1981), "At the advanced student
level, an essential characteristic, according to our informants and other formulations, is the student's
variable confidence, the duality of feeling confident and professionally uncertain at the same time"
(as cited in Ronnestad & Skovholt, 2001, p. 400). This analysis suggests that there is a probability
for an intern to feel professionally insecure and confident simultaneously. Therefore, the supervisor's
role becomes crucial.
The personal internship supervision is an integrative model where the supervisor integrates her role
of a counselor, consultant, and a teacher based on the situation or the caseload. During the internship
process, it was noticed that the supervisee felt vulnerable about the paper work, but was confident in
building therapeutic alliance with clients. Therefore, the supervisor made conscious efforts to
understand the supervisee's attitudes and conceptualizations of the problem. She relentlessly asked
questions and concerns. The supervisor provided opportunities for the supervisee to voluntarily
reflect on the each week's progress. In the case where the client appeared to be difficult, the
supervisor exemplified patience.
As stated by Ronnestad and Skovholt (2001) the development stages of the supervisee during
internship when corresponds with the relationship between therapy and supervisor helps the
therapist

Explain the Key Features of Two Therapeutic Models (Cbt...
Explain the key features of two therapeutic models (CBT AND TA) Cognitive Behavioural Therapy
(also known by its abbreviation CBT) was primarily developed through an integration of behavior
therapy (first popularized by Edward Thorndike) with cognitive therapy (developed by Aaron Beck
and Albert Ellis). The first discrete, intentionally therapeutic approach to CBT to be developed was
Rational Emotive Therapy (RET), which was originated by Albert Ellis, Ph.D. in the mid–1950's.
Ellis developed his approach in reaction to his disliking of the in–efficient and in–directive nature of
Psychoanalysis. The philosophic origins of RET go back to the Stoic philosophers, including
Epictetus and Marcus Aurelius. While rooted in rather different ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
TA is a social psychoanalysis and a method to improve communication. Berne wanted a theory
which could be understood and available to everyone and began to develop what came to be called
(TA). The theory outlines how we have developed and treat ourselves, how we relate and
communicate with others, and offers suggestions and interventions which will enable us to change
and grow. Transactional Analysis is underpinned by the philosophy that: people can change we all
have a right to be in the world and be accepted Initially criticised by some as a simplistic model,
Transactional Analysis is now gathering worldwide attention. It originally suffered much from the
popularised writings in the 1960s. Also, summarised explanations, such as this, which can only
touch on some of the concepts in Transactional Analysis, led their readers to believe that there was
very little to it. Many did not appreciate the duration and complexity of the training. Transactional
Analysis first order structural model Berne devised the concept of three ego states to help explain
how we are made up, and how we relate to others. These are drawn as three stacked circles and they
are one of the building blocks of Transactional Analysis. They categorise the ways we think, feel
and behave and are called Parent, Adult, and Child. Each ego state is given a capital letter to denote
the difference between actual parents, adults and

Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy Model Analysis
Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) focuses on changing behavior by changing perception and
proposes behavior is learned. When used as a treatment for children, CBT teaches children to
challenge thinking by understanding and acknowledging negative feelings and developing a positive
attitude that leads to problem–solving and emotional balance. Willing participation of the child is
most effective when used with reinforcement and involvement of parents. Counselors must have a
clear understanding of the complexities of this treatment from an integrative, contextual, and
multicultural perspective since the personal and environmental experiences of the child are the
framework for change through knowledge and self–awareness. The greatest change reflects ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
42). In a 2007 interview, Glasser noted, "People have nothing wrong with their brains, they have a
lot wrong with their lives." Glasser believed by improving the relationship you also improve mental
health by following the Choice Theory (Onedera & Greenwalt, 2007, p. 89). Reality Therapy is not
thought to be suitable for earlier therapeutic intervention. However, this process is found to be
helpful later when "teaching social skills, which help except logical consequences of behavior by
taking responsibility for their actions and is useful in social skills training" (Geldard et al., 2014, p.

Examples Of Integration Model Of Smith
2.4 Integration model of Smith
2.4.1 The view of human nature
Smith's (as cited in Joubert, 2015, pp. 22) view of human nature includes several aspects which will
be briefly mentioned. Smith accepts the following view of God as true: God exists as the Father, the
Son and the Holy Spirit, God is almighty and all–knowing, God is merciful, compassionate,
personal, and sovereign, He cannot be transcended and He is personally involved in His creation.
Smith (as cited in Joubert, 2015, pp. 22) further believes that the universe and the earth is the home
of all living organisms, and was created by God for a specific purpose and testifies to the glory of
God. God not only created the universe but also all living organism of which humans form part, ...
In conclusion of this discussion Smith's integration model will be assessed according to how it
addresses the questions as set out by Farnsworth with regard to implicit and explicit tensions
experienced in integration.
2.4.6.1 Methodology
In his model Smith (as cited in Joubert, 1999, p. 255–276) examined the theological methods, such
as prayer and bible study before integrating the facts that they produce into his view of
psychotherapy (view 2.4.5). Smith does not explicitly refer to theological methods, however the
approach to various psychological techniques (such as cognitive behaviour therapy techniques) is
Biblically based (the concept of Agape–love). Smith's (as cited in Joubert, 1999, p. 255–276) model
of integrative therapy demonstrates how a transformed psychology enhances the quality of
integration.
2.4.6.2 Truth
Smith's (as cited in Joubert, 1999, p. 255–276) model of integrative therapy indicates that one truth
be truer than the other, in this case the truer truth is theology or the Bible. In Smith's model theology
is the guardian discipline for protecting the truth, for example in Smith's view of personality (view
2.4.2) he used theology in order to enhance information discovered by psychology, and Smith added
the following Biblically based need to Maslow's hierarchy of needs: motivation through the work of
the Holy

Person-Centered Therapy Approach
Counselors in this field have to be open–minded and especially nonjudgmental when working with
the specific population of the field. Person–centered therapy approach is useful as the role of the
therapist in this situation. Clients in this population have already been judged by a jury and it is
important for the counselor to remain unbiased when providing services for these clients. The
following paragraphs will explain various applications and techniques that will be used for this
integrative approach.
Person–centered therapy is well suited for group and individual counseling (Corey, 2013). Group
and individual counseling are both used in the institutional setting for incarcerated individuals.
Furthermore, most parole boards require inmates

Characteristics Of An Effective Counselor
Characteristics of an Effective Counselor
Desirée M. Ericksen
Liberty University
Abstract
This paper reviews four published papers and/or studies that have researched the characteristics of
effective counselors. Each of the papers/studies list their own set of characteristics, but share a
common thread of empathy, compassion, warmth, genuineness and emotional stability. After
reviewing each paper and research study, additional analysis was applied to the above five
characteristics with the hope of creating a more thorough understanding of what characteristics will
assist in the journey of becoming an effective counselor.
Characteristics of an Effective Counselor Counseling is an age old profession. A counselor is
"someone who is ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
& Brown, 1996).
First, to understand the importance of a counselor's characteristics, it should be understood that a
counselor uses him/herself as a tool in assisting clients in various ways. Carroll stated:
When human beings [counselors] work they use themselves as the main focus of their work, they
infuse themselves into it, they become it; it is them at work, not just work done by them. Their work
changes from being a job, or indeed even a career, to becoming an extension of themselves, of who
they are. (Carroll, 2001, p. 77)
Therefore, empathy, genuineness, warmth, compassion and emotional stability are not only
characteristics of effective counselors, they should be considered the foundation of what a counselor
is.
Literature Review
Carl Roger's (1957) wrote an article for the Journal of Consulting Psychology to help address the
conditions necessary for therapeutic change. Rogers listed six conditions of which three conditions
are specifically applied to the therapist: "unconditional positive regard, empathetic understanding,
and congruence" (Rogers, 1957) Rogers expounded on congruence as being the most significant
quality by saying
The third condition is that the therapist should be, within the confines of this relationship, a
congruent, genuine, integrated person. It means that within the relationship he is freely and deeply
himself, with his actual experience accurately represented by

Gratitude And Gratitude
In this essay will highlight all the areas of study and practice learned in the topics; gratitude,
forgiveness, laughter, humor, guided imagery, meditation music with and without lyrics, rhythm,
tone, color, chakras, synchronicity, integrative health and integrative healing group sessions.
Gratitude can be defined as being grateful about an aspect or several aspects of life. Gratitude is a
character that should rather be practiced on a daily routine. It can be very easy to request gratitude
theoretically as it is tough for human due to divided inner drive which in return bring conflicts from
within. However, it is. Theoretically, we should be grateful. With an intention to be better, human
find it difficult to show gratitude due to their ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In return improved affect, lower psychological stress, reduced rates of illnesses, e.g., psychiatric,
and physical closeness are achieved. Laughter is a signal that plays a critical role in interactions and
interpersonal relationships. It is believed to have evolved more than seven million years ago which
is certainly before the speech was conceived. There are many theories to explain laughter. However,
it has been concluded that it was a form of communication. Its importance as a social signal is
certainly universally accepted. Laughing styles, however, vary with individual's sex and nationality.
It is used to fill conversational pauses and ultimately regulates flow. It has health benefits to the
person producing it. Increased laughter increases heart rate, oxygen consumption and respiratory
rate which lead to muscle relaxation. It also reduces glucose levels and increases pain tolerance in
children. There are many classifications of laughter which include voiced, unvoiced chuckle,
breathy nasal, etc. classified by different scientists depending on functions which relate to each.
Humor can be defined as ubiquitous activity by the human that show in all social interactions. It is a
common phenomenon that human laugh at anything funny, however, humor serves several serious
cognitive and emotional events. Humour is brought about by actions that defy expectation majorly
jokes. Humor differs from laughter in that it

Goals Of Therapy
Practically, therapy is the process of meeting with a counsellor or psychotherapist for the purpose of
resolving problematic behaviours, beliefs, feelings and related physical symptoms (Ulman, 2001).
The radical and visionary ideas of Ronald D. Laing that associated with the anti–psychiatry
movement challenged the psychoanalysis establishment, clamming that diagnosis was scientifically
meaningless (Kotowicz, 1997). Laing (1964) argues that the 'mad' were sometimes saner than the
'normal' – he believes that the psychotic experiences may have healing dimension, and the
psychiatrists are the actual anti–psychiatry as their function has nothing to do with the healing
(Laing & Cooper, 1964). Likewise, Arthur W. Comb, was a beacon for humanistic education during
the half of the 20th century, believes that the body gets well by itself, propelled by its own basic
need (Combs, 1989) (Murray, 1938). He assumes that the doctor could not cure the person, but to
create conditions that will make it possible for the drive for fulfilment ... Show more content on
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He debates that all the helping or human service professions are treatment goals are value oriented
(Margolis, 1966). The therapeutic goals of should be related to client needs and preferences, a
modicum of jurisdiction and self–determines, not a function of a particular therapeutic approach or
school of therapeutic thought or professional ideologies (Levy, 1979). Bloom (1979) encountered
Levy's thoughtful remarks in the professional means, his doubt to counsel the delinquent or the
criminal clients by letting their preferences unto themselves alone – society has not yet developed a
satisfactory instrument for collecting relevant opinions in the hope of competency and humanity
(Bloom,

The Therapist And The Client
By incorporating CBT techniques, it would be important for the therapist to encourage the client to
conceptualize what is causing his distress as well as identifying and challenging any irrational and
negative beliefs. The therapist and the client work together to establish what goals the client would
like to achieve in therapy in order change his mental state, rather than focusing on his depression in
a negative manner. The ABC framework would be very helpful in conceptualizing the client's
problem by identifying the activating agent (A), the beliefs (B), and the consequences (C) that all
lead to his depression. Throughout the therapeutic process, it will be important to consistently re–
visit goal setting and to continue encouraging the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
As a therapist, it is their ethical responsibility to abide by any and all codes involved in mental
health counseling. According to the ACA integration of study code, "In traditional, hybrid, and/or
online formats, counselor educators establish education and training programs that integrate
academic study and supervised practice (ACA, 2014, F.7.d.). Therapists must fully educate
themselves when integrating multiple therapies. It is important to understand personal beliefs before
incorporating the beliefs and techniques of different approaches in order for a therapist to know
where they stand.
Much like individual therapies, integrated therapies comes along with its own challenges. Lazarus
(1995) asks, "How is it possible to blend two systems that rest on totally different assumptions about
the meaning, origins, development, maintenance, significant, and management of problems?"
(Corey, 2013, p. 473). While many therapists are moving in the direction of integration, some may
still find it to be unreliable and simply confusing. Lazarus also argues that "basic concepts that may
seem compatible often are, upon closer scrutiny, quite irreconcilable" (Corey, 2013, p. 474).
Because of beliefs like these, it may cause ethical concerns regarding the potential harm towards
clients if integrating therapy is not applied properly.
Ethical issues will always arise when choosing a theoretical orientation. A

Ontological And Epistemological Debate About The Nature Of...
Ontological and Epistemological debates about the nature of the therapeutic relationship.
'Existence' and 'Relationship'. Can these two concepts exist independently of each other without the
presence of the one to be necessary for the presence of the other? Is it possible for anything to exist
without being related to anything else nor being perceptible by touch? Is it possible for something to
exist if it cannot be described nor being visually present, even though it brings out strong feelings
and a sense of connection?
Epistemologically, everything we see (people, objects, etc.) exists only in relationship to something
else.
As Cottone (1988,363) mentions, relationship is what we are born from, nurtured by and getting
educated from. Our existence is defined within the domain of the society, and it is within society
where we interact with others, socialise and satisfy our biological needs. ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
From the ancient years, the relationship between two people has healing properties and is the main
influence for changes in people's lives.
Especially, in counselling and psychotherapy, the relationship between client and counsellor is the
most significant part of the therapeutic procedure. Many studies (Buborsky et al. 1983, O' Maley et
al. 1983, Hill 1989) illustrate that it is the therapeutic relationship more that any other factor, which
determines the effectiveness of counselling therapy. Moreover, literature which reviews the way, in
which clients experience the therapeutic process, indicates that the many of the client's thoughts and
feelings remain unspoken during the counselling sessions. (Dinnage, 1988, Mearns and Dryden,

Personal Theory of Counseling Essay
Personal Theory of Counseling
Meaghan O'Reilly
Counseling and Psychotherapy Theories
COUN–6722–35
Dr. Bob
Today, the majority of counselors and therapists operate from an integrative standpoint; that is, they
are open to "various ways of integrating diverse theories and techniques" (Corey, 2009b, p. 449). In
fact, a survey in Psychotherapy Networker (2007) found that over 95% of respondents proclaimed to
practice an integrative approach (cited in Corey, 2009b, p. 449). Corey (2009a; 2009b) explains that
no one theory is comprehensive enough to attend to all aspects of the human – thought, feeling, and
behavior. Therefore, in order to work with clients on all three of these levels, which Corey (2009b)
asserts is necessary for the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
First, people, including mental health professionals, possess a range of qualities. No one is just
warm and accepting or just confrontational. We all possess these qualities to a certain degree.
Therefore, to be genuine with our clients it is necessary for us to display these different parts of our
personalities at different times. Second, although a client may come to counseling broken and
hopeless and require a supportive, accepting, and warm counselor, if this relationship continues the
client may never be pushed to make any real change. After the development of a strong working
alliance between the therapist and counselor, it may (or may not) be necessary for the counselor to
challenge or confront the client in some way to provoke change. It depends on the person. I agree
with Lazarus completely when he says that a skilled mental health professional will know when to
be warm or tough, when to confront a client or not, and when directive or non–directive (p. 458–
459). Clients, because they each have their own unique identity that has been influenced by more
factors than one can count or even identify, will respond differently to different relational styles,
techniques, and treatments and this may change throughout the counseling process. In my opinion, it
is the counselor's job to know which approach or technique should be used to be the most effective
with a particular client. Although I ascribe to the idea

The And Process : Power Of Support
Psychoeducational and Process: Power of Support
Death of a loved one can be overwhelming. The world changes for those in grief. While some may
be grateful that loved one is no longer suffering, countless others were not prepared for a family
member or friend's life to end. Maybe the death was sudden or sudden, the child died, nobody can
prepare those left behind for the anguish of experiences. Grief often lies beyond words, beyond the
simple explanation of of our conscious minds. It is in the unconscious, the mystery of life, that
expression the deep wounds and traged of lossis found (Earl, 2007).
Group Type
Population of Intend Serves
Number of Session and Length of Sessions
Plan to Approach Diversity Concerns
Group Approach with ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
As far as treatment focuses on personal goals and relationships. The fundamental principle of CGT
is grief is a natural, adaptive process. As a result, treatment of clients with complicated grief (CG)
involves removing the disablements to a successful resolve of the grieving process. Through a
variety of loss and restoration–approach methods, the group leaders, simplify, the progress of grief
to help the clients come to terms with death (Wetherell, 2012).
Integrative
Cognitions play a central role in behavior, comments Corey, Corey, and Corey, (2014); it has
rewards, it allows a flexible and characteristic of understanding each member's, problems regardless
of their grieving process. Thereby, concentrating on different diverse chooses from many approaches
and groups of methods (Corey et al., 2014). For this reason, one of the best–known theoretical
approachs, is the integration process. in addition to, have mixture of methods (Dluhy, Saiger, &
Rubenfeld, 2007). For this reason, the goal of creating an unnoticeable framework produces a two or
more theoretical approaches, under the belief that the outcome will be comfortable than theory
alone. Thereupon, highlighting, the fundamental of emotion–focused therapy (EFT), which is the
role of emotion, in psychotherapeutic change
Existential Therapy
Existential can be definite as faith, lies, and philosophic anthropology to convey its meaning. The
existential approach

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