The Disruption Of A Company

The Disruption Of A Company
The Disruption Dilemma
I was assigned the book The Disruption Dilemma for this assignment. Gans defined disruption as
"what a firm faces when the choices that once drove a firm's success now become those that destroy
it future." Failing firms tend to pursue the choices and strategies that made them successful. We will
go through examples of how a few companies handled themselves in the midst of disruption, the
types of disruptions, the reasons for disruptions, some theories of disruption, managing disruption,
insuring against it, and finally the future of disruption. Let us start by comparing an old and new
disruption dilemma.
The Encyclopedia Britanna example is an example of disruption and how successful companies
continue to do ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The key reason a firm fails from disruption is new technology, the ability to imitate, and the failure
to take advantage of an opportunity like Blockbuster in 2000.
There are a couple of sources of disruption, demand–side, supply–side mechanisms and disruptive
innovation. The demand–side where existing firms are blindsided from a new innovation and lose
customers from changing customer wants. The supply–side where organizations cannot make
organizational changes necessary to compete with new entrants. Disruptive innovation follows an "S
Curve" where an organization may initially perform worse and then rapidly improves.
Companies need to predict the disruption effect of new technologies, but sometimes they are not
appreciated at the time of invention and are ignored. Massively Open Online Courses or MOCC is
currently changing the education field by offering free education that threatens expensive
universities. A dilemma with new technologies is that they cannot be predicted. If disruptive events
could be predicted, they would not really be disruptive, because a business then could plan for it. To
lower uncertainties of dilemmas companies need to consider whether they should invest in a new
technology, but their existing technology might be working fine for the moment. There is a plethora
of ways a firm could be disrupted, but companies do not have enough resources or attention. Even
so, sometimes firms see
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Disruptive Innovation Theory By Christensen
INTRODUCTION:
Disruptive Innovation Theory by Christensen (1997) is one of the important practice of strategic
technology innovation. Disruptive innovation has a main focus on development of organization
capabilities, developing new markets for technologies. According to Clayton Christensen the man
who coined the word, disruptive innovation is a process. He sees that the process became a
mechanism through which technology and services are improved with long term surviving nature of
organizations. Some examples of disruptive innovations include the calculators which are portable,
LCD televisions which replaced cathode ray tube televisions, skype calls revolution in
telecommunication in system, Transistor radios. Theory aroused various disparities both in business
and academic. Authors like Christensen, 1997, Raynor 2003, Gillbert 2003, Govindarajan and
Kopalle 2006 has stated the importance of Disruptive innovation. Various strategies are developed in
understanding the theory of Disruptiveness. The main aim of the Literature review is to 1)
Understand the concept of disruptive innovation, implementations, 2) Challenges and barriers faced
to disrupt, 3) Managing and strategic ways how an organization should implement.
For surviving in the present complex market the need for innovating is a product or a product
development plan is revolutionary. Innovation plays as a key role in sustainability and growth of a
company in a long run. Innovation is evolution, development, and

Esri
ESRI CASE STUDY 1. Of the three types of uncertainty that characterize high–tech markets, which
type is ESRI experiencing most acutely? Elaborate and provide strategic implications for ESRI. a)
In this case, I think the ESRI suffer the most in the technology uncertainty. i. Concerns over
obsolescence. Technology is evolved extremely rapidly with the relevant elements develop
simultaneously and interactively. Microsoft and Google integrate PC, Broadband Internet
connection and powerful search engines together to offer virtual globes service which challenge the
traditional industry model of market segmentation. As the world's leading vendor of DIS system
software, ESPI faced severe challenge of new innovation and products. The ... Show more content
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b) In my opinion, ESRI face very severe challenges bring by the disruptive technologies. i. New
innovation came out with bulk of relevant advanced technologies, and gradually absorbed
considerable customers and occupied a big market. That what Google earth did and had already put
a great threat to existing GIS. The new virtual globe has leaded the GIS industry into a new ear and
changes the situation of GIS from professional use to mass entertainment. 4. Should ESRI explicitly
target the new GIS customer (mainstream, nonprofessional, low–end)? If so, what organizational
changes might this require? a) Personally, I think due to the great market potential, ESRI should
target this group of internet users as further customer. The internet users among the world increase
sharply as the rapid popularity of PC and internet, thus, the great potential of the mass market can
not been ignored, otherwise, the market share of professional software will be reduced as the
development of competitors. b) Organization Changes. The company's value network, business
model and particularly the organization structure need to change to adapt to the new market. ESRI
organization structure need to be more decentralized, with fluid job responsibilities and extensive
lateral communication processes. Members

Disruptive Innovation
By Mashell Chapeyama
Disruptive innovation
There are six key attributes of disruptive innovation which managers must strive to follow. These
are as follows:
1. Disruptive innovation spur growth
2. Disruptive business either creates new markets or takes the low end of an established market
3. Disruptive opportunities require a separate business planning process
4. Do not try to change your customers, help them
5. Integrate across whatever is not good enough
6. Be patient for growth but impatient for profitability
This essay will briefly look at these and identify one firm to concentrate on.
One of keys to building a new market is through disruptive innovation. There are two ways in which
disruptive innovation can be ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Disruptive innovation is when there is now a way to serve the people or market that has not been
previously served.
A firm that has been a disruptive innovator
When I heard of a disruptive innovator my mind did not take long to identify such an organization.
One disruptive innovation has been the coming onboard of online learning. This has meant that
people can access cheaper education. With most online universities students has self–paced learning.
Most people can learn while they are working, leading to many people attaining higher education,
unlike before. Although I feel that The University of the People is a big example of a disruptive
innovator, this time I want to look at another example. One University I have researched on is
Atlantic International University that is based in America. This has a very flexible learning program.
One of its unique features is that the student identifies the material which he/she wants to learn. The
tutor is there to guide the students to learn. It is more of a research based learning, which has
assisted students who aspire to be writers. One thing which is

The Art Of Corporate Endurance Essay
STRATEGIC INNOVATION
In an era of accelerating competition, limited market growth, and declining corporate lifespan, a
dramatic change in our approach to strategic planning is an absolute necessity. Companies flourish
and fade with increasing frequency. A commitment to "Strategic Innovation" must replace traditional
Strategic Planning. Executives who fail to acknowledge the importance of and act on this sea change
are almost certain to see their companies' fortunes fade in the face of new disruptive forces that
render old methods and relationships obsolete.
Read: The Art of Corporate Endurance https://hbr.org/2014/04/the–art–of–corporate–endurance
Answer the following:
Strategic Planning Today
The term "Strategy" has become a cliché. Strategic Management has become a "buzzword." Listen
to your manager; see how often he/she uses the expression (listen to yourself as well). Management
and management hopefuls apply the term haphazardly in virtually every context.
Companies proclaim their strategy is:
To be the low–cost provider
To compete globally
To integrate a set of regional acquisitions
To deliver unbeatable customer service
To be the consistent first mover, are really speaking about tactics, goals, & objectives, not strategies.
These optimistic threads constitute only a part of the fabric of more comprehensive innovation
strategies.
The term strategy has military origins. The term refers to the general's role in discerning the
battlefield from a high level,

Analysis HP Kittyhawk
Background
The attempt to launch the biggest disruptive technological change in the hard drive industry in 1992,
was aimed to be reached according to Hewlard Packard (HP) by launching Kittyhawk– smallest
hard disk ever. They realized that they had the strength of having the flexibility of entrepreneurs but
financial support of a large high–tech company. The aim was to create a product that is not the same
as competitors but instead revolutionary strategic insight was made by the commercial failure.
Analysis
1.3–inch Hard Drive– Disruptive or Sustaining Technology
One can argue that since the industries performance trajectory was mainly size–orientated
improvements and not revolutionary in creating new demands that it was a ... Show more content on
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The marketing representative should collect insight on different industry needs that are relevant to
hard drives. This information would benefit management more in product development instead of
collecting information on a product that has attributed benefits the market has no need for.
– First the marketing representative should validate market trends, then a cross functional team that
consists of different members with different roles should be assigned to project plan and present
production ideas to management. This division would be led under the Computer Product
Organization´s supervision to create a group with different perspectives. This is the equivalent of
eating like a bird and pooping like an elephant that Kawaski mentions. The team will consume ideas
within and share the outcome with management to make correct decisions. The market research
company was a weak link, as they did not provide them with insight that they didn't already know.
Hence why management might have gotten stuck in a visionary tunnel and not been able to adapt
the product to more use than just focusing on its size.
Define the strategic significance of the disruptive technology
– Ask correct questions that are not solely focused on increasing market shares and becoming the
next cash cow for HP.
– Ask questions that give answers solidifying the value proposition of KittyHawk and the needs of
potential stakeholders. It should be clear to management how they would benefit

The Development Of New Technologies
Introduction
Historically, most managers equated innovation primarily with the development of new technologies
or products. However, innovation is increasingly seen as the development of new service offerings,
business models, pricing plans, distribution channels, or management practices. There is a greater
recognition that great ideas can transform any part of the value chain and those products and
services represent just a small segment of innovation. This broadening of focus has implications for
those who are responsible to innovate. It used to be just a selected group of employees, usually
within R&D: designers, engineers or scientists, whose job was to generate and pursue new ideas.
Nowadays, organizations are trying to induce an innovative culture across the hierarchy to achieve
holistic transformations. Making innovation everyone's business sounds intuitively appealing but is
hard to implement. Employees face capacity issues, time constraints, and motivation issues that
restrain them. There is often a lack of consistent follow–through of well–intentioned schemes.
Additionally, there is typically some level of disconnection between the priorities of senior
management and the efforts of those lower down in the organization. This becomes more evident in
large corporations where established processes are already in place and leave very little room to
innovate.
Large companies, according to Gartner (2014), have over 1,000 employees and revenues over $1
billion, often

The Art Of Corporate Endurance
STRATEGIC INNOVATION In an era of accelerating competition, limited market growth, and
declining corporate lifespan, a dramatic change in our approach to strategic planning is an absolute
necessity. Companies flourish and fade with increasing frequency. A commitment to "Strategic
Innovation" must replace traditional Strategic Planning. Executives who fail to acknowledge the
importance of and act on this sea change are almost certain to see their companies' fortunes fade in
the face of new disruptive forces that render old methods and relationships obsolete. Read: The Art
of Corporate Endurance https://hbr.org/2014/04/the–art–of–corporate–endurance Answer the
following: Strategic Planning Today The term "Strategy" has become a cliché. ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
We derive the term generalist from general. The generalist adopts a goal or objective, and sets forth
a strategy to achieve it. She implements a strategy supported by a set of intricate tactics leading to
victory. A well–formulated business strategy affords answers to four crucial questions: I. WHERE
DO WE COMPETE? In which competitive fields or markets will we participate? Markets are
industries, product markets within those industries, and geographic markets. II. WHAT UNIQUE
VALUE DO WE CONVEY? Why do customers adopt our product or service over the
competitions'? Our exclusive value could be cost or differentiation. Value includes image,
customization, styling, dependability, or other factors. III. WHAT RESOURCES OR
PROFICIENCIES DO WE EXPLOIT? Do we have exceptional human capital, superior technology,
unrivaled network connections, or unique reputation? Resources can be tangible like a gold mine, or
intangible, like a brand name. Capabilities refer to performance skills or the ability to use our tools
efficiently. IV. HOW DO WE SUSTAIN UNIQUE VALUE? Are there barriers to imitation? Are
there factors that inhibit the ability or desire of the competition to compete for our customers? TWO
ADDITIONAL FACTORS ARE: V. Staging (timing): what will be our speed and sequence of
moves? VI. Economic Logic: how will we obtain our returns? IKEA: REVOLUTIONIZING AN
INDUSTRY I. Where do they compete? The company sells

Incremental Change In Technology
Technology: Incremental change or quantum leap?
There are few who will disagree that the advent of television changed lives! The humble rectangular
box with its glass screen that displayed black and white images fundamentally changed the way we
received and perceived information. It touched every area of our world from macro environmental
issues, to local politics and family life. Over the years, the rectangular box has undergone several
avatars, finally transforming into today's smart televisions that continue to provide information in
magnificent 4K color and can also manage your social life on the world wide web! The ubiquitous
television is now a part of every home's décor, but what it represents can be carried around in your
pocket. Information, on demand, at will, instantaneous.
Television, is just yet another example of how technology has crept into our lives to become an
inseparable part of our world. Advancement in technology almost always represents change.
Change, you could say, is the only constant. It could either be through an incremental continuum or
breakthrough disruption. Incremental change slips in largely unnoticed – improving quality of
products and services, enhancing customer experience. Breakthrough technology on the other hand,
is more likely to be disruptive. It aims to radically change product offering, business processes and
customer behavior. Increased computerization within cars signifies an incremental change in the
existing procedure. But a

The Innovator 's Dilemm Case Study
Introduction to the Book The Premise The book "The Innovator's Dilemma" talks about how the
well–managed companies often fail to stay at the top when they confront certain types market and
technological changes. The book not only talks about small or any one company, but those
companies which are big and well known for their offerings and timely innovations. There are many
factors that lead companies to stumble. They are bureaucracy, arrogance, tired executives, poor
planning, short–term investment horizons, inadequate skills and resources and sometimes just a bad
luck. In the book, the author have not talked about the weak companies, but the ones that are doing
well–off in the industry with top level competitors, who listen to their ... Show more content on
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Sustaining technologies improve the products and services which help in achieving the same result
but in a better way. This helps the customers to understand the value of improvement. Sustaining
technologies are easier to use in already established firms than in new emerging firms. They focus
on improved quality and refine service over the period of time which leads to increase in cost but is
justifiable. Disruptive Technologies Disruptive technologies are the ones that bring different value
preposition to the market. They are usually cheaper and underperform the products in mainstream
markets. Being cheaper, disruptive technologies are also simpler, smaller and more convenient to
use too. They are usually technologically straight forward and capture emerging markets. As
disruptive technologies improve faster, this serves as a danger to established firms because they are
so rapid that by the time you know about them, they have had already grown up and are cheaper and
better than other competitors in the market. Principles of Disruptive Innovations The author have
offered five principles which would help the managers and entrepreneurs to deal with disruptive
technologies. 1. Companies depend on customers and investors for resources. Customers and
investors are company's value network and the companies make their decisions on the basis of their
value network. Disruptive technologies come up with different value, so the existing customers who
are generally

The Innovator 's Dilemm When New Technologies Cause Great...
MSCI 422, Fall 2015
BOOK REVIEW
Anmol Tripathi
20467600
Christensen, Clayton M. The Innovator 's Dilemma: When New Technologies Cause Great Firms to
Fail. Boston, Mass.: Harvard Business School, 1997. Print.
The Innovator's Dilemma
A book report
Chapter 1: How Can Great Firms Fail? It is possible for established, well–known and admired
companies to be unable to maintain their hold as the leader in their respective industries when faced
with certain types of technological change. "Disruptive" innovations
The leading firms failed because they failed to strategically invest the required resources and
commitment to enter the initial market for an emerging technology to develop it from there. The
firms were "held captive" by their customers, as the highlighted attributes of the emerging
technology was of no interest to them (e.g. power of equipment over smaller size); therefore,
innovation and product development by established firms focused mainly on sustaining their target
trajectories for revenue and performance. This was due to fear of eating away at revenue from
existing products that had well–researched markets and an established customer base; therefore,
they would delay their release of new technologies until it's too late, when entrant firms already
have economically mature versions available in the market.
Disruptive technologies that topple the established firms are relatively straightforward on the other
hand, using pre–existing parts or methods in a novel way or

The Flight of the Kitty Hawk
The Flight of the Kitty Hawk
HP did many things correctly when addressing the challenges for disruptive change. For instance,
they organized a smaller team of "hungry" individuals from marketing, manufacturing, and research
and development that moved the project away from the core group essentially acting as a small
startup business. The smaller group was motivated to establish itself and prove their product was
worthy of funding and upper management support. They also differentiated themselves by choosing
team members that were uninterested in maintaining status in the company mainstream way of
thinking. HP allowed a lot of leeway to the Kitty Hawk team in making decisions and providing
financial backing to the project's ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
I would still want to get the product to market quickly while having the versatility to make changes
on the fly. To find new markets I would expose the product to consumers through experimental
trials. This would expose the product to potential clients and consumers and allow our development
team to get feedback on consumer needs and wants as well as help us define changes necessary to
make the product more appealing and usable. Instead of propelling the product forward based on
profitability goals and measures, the idea would be to let the new and emerging market help us
define our product while our product defines the new market. For example, when Seymour and
White went to the electronics trade show in Chicago in search of their market, both them and
Nintendo stumbled upon each other. Seymour and White were introduced to a market that they
hadn't considered in gaming, and at the same time, Nintendo was introduced to a want or need they
had in game storage that they had not yet considered.
Another example of a company that has been successful in creating disruptive technology is Apple.
At around the same time that Nintendo was creating its place in the market, Sony came around with
a series of portable music devices such as the "Walkman" and the portable CD player. Soon after,
Apple introduced the Ipod which is more compact than either of Sony's products. The Ipod also
allowed for more

Rater Quiz
Crossing the Chasm
What's New? What's Not?
Strategic Management of Emerging Technology Hult School of International Business May 23,
2014
Sources of Wealth Creation in the Current Decade
Eating other people's lunch
Software eats hardware Op ex eats cap ex Services eat products
Leveraging next–generation technology
Social Mobile Analytics Cloud
2
Marketing Disruptive Innovation
High Risk
What Makes High–Tech Marketing Different?
Unproven products and promises Incompatible and incomplete infrastructure Social resistance to
change
Low Data
No product history No company track record No best practices
3
Category Maturity Life Cycle ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
category Technology–based leadership Another visionary in a different industry
This playbook is about creating budget
Crossing the Chasm

Target Customer Compelling Reason to Buy Whole Product Partners and Allies Distribution Pricing
Competition Positioning Next Target Customer Pragmatist function manager Fix a problem business
process Application focus, standardized Recruited for specific whole product Direct sales
transitioning to VARs Value–based, pain motivated Market vs. market Niche market leadership
Adjacent niche market

A Reﬂective Review of Disruptive Innovation Theoryijmr
A strategic approach to disruptive technologies
1
A strategic approach to disruptive technologies
Disruptive change requires new strategies. When conditions change rapidly, organisations find their
former approaches which have led to success in the past, are no longer effective. It can be hard to let
go of these approaches if they have been a source of competitive advantage. This leads many
managers to assume that successful responses to disruptive change are a matter of luck. But it is
possible to craft strategies to best exploit opportunities ahead of the competition.
Disruptive technologies/ disruptive innovations
Harvard professor Clay Christensen coined the term disruptive technology, which he later renamed
disruptive ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Gartner suggested in its hype cycle for 2005, that wikis had recently 'peaked' but would reach
comfortable productivity in 5 – 10 years. At or around the peak in 2008 and 2 – 5 years from plateau
was corporate use of social 3
computing platforms (or their in–house equivalents) according to the 2008 hype cycle.
Crafting an effective strategic response
Organisations need a multidisciplinary team to consider the potential impacts of new technologies
throughout all their activities. The perspective of a single discipline – for example, marketing –
should not be allowed to dominate, nor should the enthusiasm of a small group of evangelists set the
agenda. It's particularly important for Web 2.0 initiatives that they aren't characterised as the sole
domain of the marketing or advertising department. Clay Shirky, author of Here Comes Everybody
has a tactic for harnessing the enthusiast, and avoiding the premature commitment to a single course
of action. He advises 'Find the person who's got the big idea, who's got the idea that could transform
everything once it's adopted, and lock them out of the building. Do not let them back in

Innovation And Disruptive Technology For A Company
INTRODUCTION: Innovation and disruptive technology can be life or death for a company,
however, when the company owns the knowledge it is in great shape to succeed...if it can see it
through the fog. We often think of innovation as new, not necessarily better, widget. Although
sometimes the disruptive technology is not a new widget, it is a new way of thinking or a new way
addressing an old problem. As seen in the military, widget innovation occurs the strategic level;
however, the tactical level is innovative in thought and processes on a daily basis with no new
widgets. If the company is perceptually seeking new and innovative ways to succeed, it seems
obvious that company will flourish. Innovation is the consist recognition of a unique opportunity
and Lockheed had the product, yet it was failing them...they needed something, something
disruptive to help their organization change. They did not need a new widget, they needed to see
something everyone else missed–a new thought model and coping strategies.
BACKGROUND: In mid–1979, Lockheed had net sales of approximately $5.4 billion and net
income of $27.6 million. This ranked the company 110th in the Fortune 500, third in commercial
aircraft production, fourth in defense contracts, and fifth in NASA contracts. In April 1980, the
workers at Lockheed's TriStar plant were behind schedule. They did not know how long they would
have jobs and the problems just kept getting worse. Plane after plane sat in the plant with

Case Study Of Disruptive Innovation
Summary The case study of "Disruptive Innovation" is a studying that concentrated and described
an innovation as the affordable price products for people in the entire world to use. This research
indicated about certain disruptive innovations such as the laptops, the routers, smartphones or
desktop photocopier that are the substitutions for other companies' commodities. Furthermore,
Porter five forces strategy is a structure to examine the level of competition in today's market and to
make an improvement for the business strategy. Likewise, these forces are including: the threat of
new entrants, when suppliers have power, when customers have power, the threats of substitutes and
intensity of competitive rivalry. Therefore, this report was assigned to analyze Porter's five forces
strategy for applying toward the case of disruptive innovations and demonstrating on how it affects
or relates to most of the companies worldwide.
Introduction Harvard professor named Clayton Christensen who is the author of ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
He thought of this study because of the difficulty of today market's products. Additionally, he gave
the definition of disruptive innovation as the products that very affordable and simple for everyone
to use. Nevertheless, as the companies concentrate to innovate faster than their customers'
requirement, most of them end up with the products that are too complicated and very high–priced
to compete in the market. To observe the level of competition in today's market and to make a
development for the business strategy; Porter five forces strategy is the best approach to find out the
solutions for this problem. Overall, to understand more clearly about this competitive environment
that leads to disruptive innovation; all of the above report's information has clearly shown about the
analysis of Porter five forces strategy to this case

Impact Of Technology On The Film Renting Industry And The...
INTRODUCTION
In the past decade, the world and the markets alike have experienced rapid change and this change
continues at an ever increasing pace. New products emerge in every field resulting in the creation of
needs; people have never been aware or thought of. According to Hamel (2000 p18), "the latitude of
innovation has never been broader –if only our minds can stretch to it".
Innovation is the successful development and application of new knowledge, disruptive innovation
therefore, is an innovation that disrupts or alters the market drastically. Disruptive innovation or
technology as opposed to sustained technology, which is a steady linear improvement or an
incremental technological development, but the introduction of a new approach that has the potential
to completely transform an existing or create a new industry.
The aim of this paper is to discuss the benefits and disadvantages of disruptive technologies and
assess their impact of this on the movie renting industry and the management of an organization
technological assets
Chapter 2 Disruptive Innovation Literature Review
This chapter is aimed at providing a context of the theory of disruptive innovation (DI) an
examination of its representation in the academic literature. Section 2.2 explains the history, usage
and evolution of the term, including the identification of important articles, authors and themes.
Introduction to Disruptive Innovation Theory
It is an indisputable fact that innovation lies at

Digital Printing And Its Impact On The Future Growth Of 3d...
3D printing is expected to grow rapidly in the near future. This technology is beginning to be used
in a broad range of applications including rapid prototyping, molds and tooling, digital
manufacturing and personal fabrication [1]. As the technology improves and become more
affordable, it is expected to penetrate different markets and become a dominant force to be reckoned
with. In order to predict the future growth of 3D–printing, we need to investigate into its past and
determine what stage of growth 3D–printing is currently located. To begin, we examine the type of
innovation 3D–printing is classified as. Figure 1 on the right, is broken down into two dimensions:
technology and market. There are four types of innovations shown, and the types of innovation is
determined by the placement of a technology in respect to the two dimensions. Referring to figure 1,
we can determine that 3D printing is as a disruptive innovation, considering that 3D printing was a
new technology that served an existing market that was currently being dominated by topography
and photosculpture technologies. At the very beginning, 3D–printing targeted low demanding
customer by offering a product that provided lesser quality in terms of the development of 3D–
models, however the technology provided an easier to use technology and one at a much cheaper
price compared to the topography and photosculpture methods (sustaining innovations). Figure 2
demonstrates how a disruptive innovation enters

Technology And Its Impact On The Film Renting Industry And...
INTRODUCTION
needs; people have never been aware or thought of. According to Hamel (2000), "the latitude of
incremental technological development, but the introduction of a new approach ... Show more
Schumpeter in his book, The Theory of Economic Development (1912, 1936), provoked scholars to
emphasize the relevance of innovation as the driver of economic growth and structural change.
Schumpeter (1942) argues that economic growth is achieved through creative destruction in a
capitalist regime. In this process the old is being continuously destroyed and consequently freeing
up resources for the new
Disruptive Technology (DT) was first introduced by Bower and Christensen in a seminal journal
article (Bower and Christensen, 1995). Christensen (1997) concept of disruptive innovation to
describe innovation that has destructive effects towards of existing mainstream incumbent firms the
competitiveness the introduction. Disruptive innovations are innovations that aim at improving a
product or service that the market is not expecting (Grant, Hackney, & Edgar, 2010) and their
continual improvement and refinement often leads to the removal of entrenched industry incumbents
(Grant, Hackney, & Edgar, 2010) ,which leads to the disruption of the mainstream market
The term is further developed in the book by Christensen, The Innovator's Dilemma (Christensen,
1997).In Christensen second book, the Innovator's Solution, (Christensen & Raynor, 2003) co–
authored with Michael E. Raynor, the terminology was changed to Disruptive Innovation because
there was an extension of the concept to apply to services and business

Why Did 429 Companies Fail? Succeed After 60 Years? Essay
In 1955, Fortune magazine identified 500 of the largest companies at that time; 60 years later only
71 of the 500 still were operating (Perry, 2015). Why did 429 companies fail to succeed after 60
years? A lack of adapting to evolving technology is a common denominator in many of their falls
from the top. Blockbuster, Dell, Sun Microsystems and Sears all enjoyed enviable success which
after time led to unenviable stumbles due to their lack of embracing and adapting to the evolving
technology in their fields. Technology is not just a means for millennials to socialize, rather
technology is setting the tone for current and future business models, urging businesses to invest
more in gadgets, software etc . that will build a stronger team and provide more advanced products
to the end user. Businesses have evolved since the onset of the internet expanding from the
traditional storefront brick and mortar to the ability to sell to the masses by utilizing the internet to
market worldwide. As technology continues to advance, communication to clients allows client
relations to better track trends and be available instantly to answer client disputes through the use of
SMS or provide answers to common questions allowing clients to shop at their leisure. Technology
has not just become a means for providing better service and better manufactured products but
allows businesses the competitive edge. Research suggests that businesses must be aware of and
familiar with technological

Ecton
Ecton Inc, as an innovator in the field of medical imaging is caught in a familiar dilemma that many
startup companies face once they are in the final stages of a product development cycle– whether to
continue with product rollout, forcing a change in the scale of operations requiring substantial
capital input, OR, to get acquired by a larger organization which has the expertise and resources to
ensure production, sales and distribution for the same product. In this essay, we will discuss Ecton 's
proposed business model, why Ecton qualifies as a disruptive innovator, and analyse and
recommend alternatives that it can take to chart out its future
Ecton – A brief SWOT Analysis
Ecton has diverse strengths to its credit. Integrating a team ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
Also, engineers can be assured of retaining focus to their core product. Arrayed against this are
many cons. Firstly, there is no sufficient capital as well as prospects of future funding coming in
through VC 's. No expertise in marketing, sales and distribution is another major weakness. Since
they have only one product to sell, it involves a substantial amount of risk to take a bet on
unexplored markets. Also, it is mentally geared to being taken over, as mentioned in the "Phase III
plan" prepared by Cannon for the upcoming year.
2. Go ahead in plans to find a suitable acquirer
A suitable acquirer would be an established player in this segment, having resources and expertise
for marketing and production. This would provide Ecton with additional capital to finish
development of the product as well as lay the foundation for future innovations. Aligning with an
established company would also open the existing market as well as business contacts which can be
exploited. One potential risk of being taken over is the possibility of the team engineers being pulled
into mainstream operations, which they resent, which was one of the main reasons for them to start a
new company.
Recommendations:
Ecton should go ahead with its plans of finding a suitable acquirer. This would give the original
investors the greatest return on investment, as well as an acceptable exit strategy. Ecton

Is Christensen 's Theory Of Disruptive Innovation
Effectively of Christensen 's Theory of Disruptive Innovation
A Literature Review
Initiated in 1995 by Bower Christensen, The disruptive innovation was improved by Christensen in
1997 from his book "Innovators dilemma" wherein questioning why vast corporations follow
innovation through conventional marketing by not focusing on the needs and wants of consumers
but the want of the company to sell such specific goods in the market. (Corsi and Di Minin 2014)
Christensen (Bower & Christensen, 1995; Christensen, 1997) refers the disruptive technology as an
"innovation that results in worse product performance in mainstream markets." It is also described
as a 'typically cheaper, simpler, smaller and frequently more convenient to use' version of an
obtainable merchandise. (Corsi and Di Minin 2014) Hence, the credibility of Christensen's theory
was questioned by some if it's really reliable or simply a myth theory. This literature review tackles
the effectiveness of this theory through samples from other dependable sources that discusses
Christensen's theory of disruptive innovation and such challenges that it may encounter.
According to Hang, Chen and Yu, 2011 the disruptive innovation theory was used extensively to
practicing managers. "It pointed out clearly that the threat to successful incumbents which may
focus on the needed sustaining innovation and hence could fail to capture the new prospects
presented by disruptive innovation". The disruptive innovation may be

Disruptive Technology And Technology
The world is changing rapidly with the new advancement of technology and as a result, our society
is encountering several ethical problems that are needed to be discussed and solved as soon as
possible to save our civilization from destruction. Our major threat is disruptive technologies as
there are intervening a way too deep and may destroy the ethical values of our society. In this paper,
we are discussing disruptive technology and their impact on the ethical values of our society. We
will also discuss the real–life examples of recent issues generated from different disruptive business
and technology and suggest a possible solution for this issue. Our character and knowledge both
entities are required for an equitable and resilient ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Disruptive technologies have replaced the sustaining technology from several foundries and
corporation by providing great efficiency, accuracy, time and cost–effectiveness. Besides their
usefulness, they are equally generating several ethical issues in different sectors of our society.
Whether it would be education, health, medicine military, law enforcement, financial or business,
industrial or agricultural sectors, social or environmental sectors there are certainly ethical issues
emerging with them. Moreover, it is essential to do an assessment of all advantages and drawbacks
of all the disruptive innovations. Normally, the effects of technology are multifarious, difficult for
accurate evaluation and their values may vary from person to person with a variable span of time.
The effect of disruptive technology entirely depends upon customers (i.e. how they are using it and
people who are doing development in them). Now considering UBER services, the basic ethical
issue emerging from this disruptive business is safety and confidentiality of the personal data that
has to be protected. Privacy of information is important along with the assurance of no spamming,
hacking or telemarketing of personal data of the customer. Another issue

Sales Force Automation
Project Title: Salesforce SFA on the iPhone and iPod Touch
Content: 1. Summary of case study 2. Questions & Answers 3. Learning outcome
Summary of Case Study
* Role of Apple
Apple is a company known for creative, disruptive new technologies and business models. One of
its most recent products, the iPhone, represents this kind of technology. Apple opened up its iPhone
platform to third–party developers shortly after releasing it. They provide what's known as the
iPhone SDK (software development kit) to developers free of charge.
The iPhone is very different from other smart phones because of its third–party development
environment. Third–party applications make the iPhone unique, and the iPhone is an ... Show more
In addition, it can be considered as a low end disruption technology as they reduced the price of
music sales by introducing the iTunes store. Moreover, when considering Apple's iPod product
chain, it can be said that they introduced products that cover low end disruption and are also
sustaining innovations.
Even though there were many companies involved in the DAP market before and after iPod was
introduced, Apple still holds more than 70% of the DAP market share and they are the largest music
store in major countries such as USA, Japan and Canada. Therefore, it can be argued that the iPod is
not a sustaining technology but a disruptive technology.
–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
Top of F
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It seems safe to safe that never in history has a single product been so astoundingly successful so
fast and had such a radical impact on the world.
A few highlights: * Five years ago, the iPhone didn 't exist. It now generates nearly $25 billion of
revenue per quarter, or $100 billion per year. That is a staggering amount of revenue. The iPhone
alone is now a bigger business than most companies on earth. * The iPhone business is now bigger
than Microsoft. Yes, you read that right––"bigger than Microsoft." A single product that didn 't exist

five years ago is now bigger than the 30–year old company that was once considered so all–
powerful that the government intervened to try to break it

Testing
Concentrated Knowledge™ for the Busy Executive www.summary.com
Vol. 25, No. 11 (3 parts) Part 1, November 2003 Order # 25–26
FILE: STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT
®
Creating and Sustaining Successful Growth
THE INNOVATOR'S SOLUTION
THE SUMMARY IN BRIEF
Roughly one company in every ten is able to sustain the kind of growth that translates into an
above–average increase in shareholder returns over more than a few years. Once a company's core
business has matured, the pursuit of new platforms for growth entails daunting risk – to put it
simply, most companies just don't know how to grow, and pursuing growth the wrong way can be
worse than no growth at all. In The Innovator's Dilemma, Clayton Christensen showed how
companies that ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Disruptive Innovation Model l Prog ress
Pace o in Sustain g Inno vation s
f Te
gica chnolo
Performance That Customers Can Utilize or Absorb Disruptive Innovations
Range Of Performance That Customers Can Utilize
Time
Three Elements of Disruption
There are three critical elements of disruption (these were first identified in the book, The
Innovator's Dilemma and are illustrated in the chart at right): ● A rate of improvement that

customers can fully use or absorb. This is represented by the dotted line. ● A rate of improvement
that goes beyond what customers can fully use or absorb. The pace of technological progress almost
always outstrips the ability of customers in any given tier of the market to use it, in part because
companies keep striving to make better products that they can sell for higher profit margins to their
most demanding, high–end customers. This rate of improvement is shown by the two solid lines in
the chart. ● A distinction between sustaining and disruptive innovation. A sustaining innovation
targets those demanding, high–end customers with better performance than previously available,
whether that performance is an incremental improvement or a breakFor Additional Information on
how to know whether your idea has disruptive potential, go to: http://my.summary.com
through, leapfrog–over–competitors variety. Disruptive innovations do not attempt to bring better
products to

Disruptive innovation
Explanation of the term
A disruptive innovation is an innovation that helps create a new market and value network, and
eventually disrupts an existing market and value network (over a few years or decades), displacing
an earlier technology. The term is used in business and technology literature to describe innovations
that improve a product or service in ways that the market does not expect, typically first by
designing for a different set of consumers in a new market and later by lowering prices in the
existing market.
Opposite type of innovation
In contrast to disruptive innovation, a sustaining innovation does not create new markets or value
networks but rather only evolves existing ones with better value, ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
He describes the term further in his book The Innovator's Dilemma. In his sequel with Michael E
Raynor, The Innovator's Solution, Christensen replaced the term disruptive technology with
disruptive innovation because he recognized that few technologies are intrinsically disruptive or
sustaining in character; rather, it is the business model that the technology enables that creates the
disruptive impact. The concept of disruptive technology continues a long tradition of the
identification of radical technical change in the study of innovation by economists, and the
development of tools for its management at a firm or policy level.
More about the term
Christensen defines a disruptive innovation as a product or service designed for a new set of
customers.
Christensen argues that disruptive innovations can hurt successful, well managed companies that are
responsive to their customers and have excellent research and development. These companies tend
to ignore the markets most susceptible to disruptive innovations, because the markets have very
tight profit margins and are too small to provide a good growth rate to an established (sizable) firm
While Christensen argued that disruptive innovations can hurt successful, well managed companies,
O'Ryan countered that "constructive" integration of existing, new, and forward thinking innovation
could improve the economic benefits of these same well managed companies, once decision making
management understood

Impact Of The On Renting Industry And The Management Of An...
INTRODUCTION
needs; people have never been aware or thought of. According to Hamel (2000 p18), "the latitude of
incremental technological development, but the introduction of a new approach that has the potential
to completely transform an existing or create a new industry.
The aim of this paper is to discuss the benefits and disadvantages of disruptive technologies and
assess their impact of this on the movie renting industry and the management of an organization
technological assets
Chapter 2
LITERATURE REVIEW
This chapter is aimed at providing a context of the theory of disruptive innovation (DI) an
examination of its representation in the academic literature. Section 2.1 explains the history, usage
and evolution of the term, including the identification of important articles, authors and themes.
Section 2.2 explains the types of disruptive Innovation2.1 Introduction

What Is Disruptive Technology?
What is Disruptive Technology?
Disruptive technology is a new method of doing things that originally does not meet the needs of
obtainable customers. It tends to unlock new market and destroy old ones. A disruptive Technology
is a technology that creates a new market and value network and which has the potential to
eventually disrupt an existing market and value network, or they can even displace established
market leading firms, or products and alliances. The term was defined and phenomenon analyzed by
Clayton M. Christensen beginning in 1995.
Not every innovations/technology are disruptive, even if they are revolutionary. A disruptive
technology is one that displaces an established technology and shakes up the industry or a ground–
breaking product that creates a completely new industry.
Here are a few examples of disruptive technologies:
The personal computer (PC) displaced the typewriter and forever changed the way we work and
communicate.
The Windows operating system 's combination of affordability and a user–friendly interface was
instrumental in the rapid development of the personal computing industry in the 1990s. Personal
computing disrupted the television industry, as well as a great number of other activities.
Email transformed the way we communicating, largely displacing letter–writing and disrupting the
postal and greeting card industries.
Cell phones made it possible for people to call us anywhere and disrupted the telecom industry.
Disruptive

Ecton-Individual Case Analysis
1. How does the Ecton machine differ from the existing technology in the market? What
characteristics/application does it have that are similar to that of conventional machine? What
characteristics/applications are different?
The existing ultrasound technology in cardiology was constantly focusing on improving image
quality and providing better quantitative information to response to clinical demands, dreaming that
one day it could substitute the expensive imaging techniques such as MRI. Some established
companies had developed sophisticated edge detection algorithms that can obtain biomechanical
characteristics of the heart; others had developed machines that have superior image quality or even
worked on 3–dimensional ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Therefore, established companies such as HP and Acuson were constantly pursuing sustaining
technology to meet the clinical demands. The black arrow in the graph below shows the sustaining
development that the established companies pursuing.
However, Ecton did not follow the giant's step. Instead, its goal was to develop a Doppler
echocardiography instrument that was compact and easy to use for the alternative market such as the
ICU and emergency room or even the customers in developing countries. The type of work Ecton
performed can be described as "disruptive technology" as it has introduced a very different package
that mainstream customers historically value. Ecton's approach fulfilled the characteristics defined
by the disruptive technology, as summaries below:
Competes with the non–consumption & create new value network or target the low end market
segment–Ecton planned to introduce its machines in markets outside the traditional cardiology
settings, such as ICU and outpatient clinics which can be considered as niche market at that point of
time. In addition, customers in the developing nations who cannot afford the conventional echo
machine are considered as low end market.
Lower performance than the traditional product–Although Ecton's machine can produce the same
high quality image as the conventional machine, it offered fewer features and less versatility.
Higher ancillary performance than the traditional product–As the conventional machine is

Disruptive Technology And Its Impact On The Advancement Of...
The world is changing rapidly with the advancement of technology. As a result of this change, our
society encounters several ethical problems that need to be discussed and solved as soon as possible
to save our civilization from destruction. The major threat is disruptive technologies that intervene
in our everyday life. In this paper, we are discussing disruptive technology and its impact on the
ethical values of our society. We will also discuss the real–life examples of recent issues generated
by different disruptive businesses and technologies and suggest a possible solution for this issue.
Character and knowledge are both entities required for an equitable and resilient peace. According
to Elie (1996), the ethical values of society must be based on the exemplary nature of God and the
equality of man. People must be real, faithful and solid inside to retain significant goodness, moral
values and great support for a civilized society. It is essential to get awareness of all possible types
of ethical problems posed to society from disruptive technology. According to Clayton (1997), a
disruptive technology is a new emerging technology that unexpectedly displaces an established one.
It is the entirely new technology with no enhancement or modification in previous technologies.
Typically, disruptive technologies do not get public attention at first and it takes an unpredictable
amount of time to recognize. They have the captivating power of probing and changing our way of

Why Is Elephants Can 't Dance? : Inside Ibm 's Historic...
10 Books Every District Manager Should Read or Listen too
Nobody knows everything right off the bat. Some people have better instincts than others but most
great leaders strive for self improvement. As a manager it's your responsibility to educate yourself as
best you can and apply that new found knowledge in your professional and personal relationships.
Being a boss is not just about giving orders, it's about communicating and encouraging innovation.
Knowing district managers have a crazy schedule here is a list of 10 books that are also available as
audio books so you can listen to them in your car or while you exercise.
Subscribe now and you could win a one year membership to audible.
Who Says Elephants Can't Dance?: Inside IBM's Historic Turnaround by Louis V. Gerstner
This book is a great example of how a leader must adapt and reinvent a company that must change
in the face of disruption. The author talks about how manager must be part of the solution and not
just supervisors with a checklist. Gerstner gives great lessons on how to view your company and
take failures as opportunities to grow.
2. The Amazon Way: 14 Leadership Principles Behind the World's Most Disruptive Company by
John Rossman
Rossman gives an overview of amazon's leadership principles and how amazon tackles large
projects. This book focuses on the 14th leadership principles that guided and shaped the culture of
the company. It's filled with insightful stories that will inspire you and

Why Can The Innovator's Dilemma Explain Big Firm Failure
1) Explain what's meant by the Innovator's Dilemma (10%) The innovator Dilemma as explained in
this article can happens to any big and great company when it reached a high quality of their
products and service. At this point of their success they are trapped either to continue improving
their products and service that meet their current customers need and raise their satisfaction to gain
more profits or invest in disruptive technology which is, at this time, meet different need categories
of customers or offer a product that does not satisfy their existing products. The dilemma here seems
that it is difficult to risk for this big company and invest in a disruptive technology, which often
seems weak, poor with low quality compared ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
X. (2015, August 06). Understanding the Innovator's Dilemma. Retrieved May 05, 2017, from
https://www.wired.com/insights/2014/12/understanding–the–innovators–dilemma/
1–As companies tend to innovate faster than their customers' needs evolve, most organizations
eventually end up producing products or services that are actually too sophisticated, too expensive,
and too complicated for many customers in their market.
2–Companies pursue these "sustaining innovations" at the higher tiers of their markets because this
is what has historically helped them succeed: by charging the highest prices to their most demanding
and sophisticated customers at the top of the market, companies will achieve the greatest
profitability.
3–However, by doing so, companies unwittingly open the door to "disruptive innovations" at the
bottom of the market. An innovation that is disruptive allows a whole new population of consumers
at the bottom of a market access to a product or service that was historically only accessible to
consumers with a lot of money or a lot of

Disruptive Technology : Disruptive Technology
Disruptive Technology "Every threat to the status quo is an opportunity in disguise."
Jay Samit, one of the world's leading experts on disruption and innovation (Samit, 2015).
The influence new technologies have on our society is colossal; Sweeping over businesses, it
changes their way to work and their strategies (Manyika, o.a., 2013). To understand why new
technologies have such an impact on us, one must understand why new ways to see the world is
something worth striving for.
The rampaging strength of a new technology can be disruptive as it sometimes causes
transformations in companies' production lines (Manyika, o.a., 2013). Such a disruptive technology
is seen in the automotive industry today, where electric vehicles are soon taking over the market. It
is of the utmost importance to stay ahead since new technology is critical for many automotive
companies. Today the market for vehicles is not only affected by legal obligations such as reduction
of carbon dioxide, but also because of customers' demands.
The development within the automotive industry will affect companies significantly. As customers
opt for environmentally friendly electric vehicles, petrol–driven cars will diminish. The production
lines will possibly be rebuilt or outsourced to other companies, leaving it difficult for companies
continue as previously. Entirely electric vehicles are the future. To meet the demands there must be
some necessary actions taken, which will be discussed in this paper.
A Transforming Automotive Industry in Sweden Even though Sweden is considered to be one of the
most innovative countries worldwide, and seen as a pioneer in environmental aspects, it still lags
behind when compared to the rest of Europe. The use of electric vehicles is increasing, but is still
not comparable to, for instance, Norway, France or Germany (Vassileva & Campillo, 2017).
However, the future seems bright as companies in Sweden are active in both research and projects.
As of 2016, Volvo AB, Volvo Cars, and Scania are three of Sweden's largest companies, which
shows their importance not only within the automotive industry but also for Sweden's economy
(Veckans affärer, 2016). Volvos first electric bus runs from Chalmers Campus,

Disruptive Technology
In order for change to be meaningful, innovation must be at the forefront. Constantly pushing
boundaries is what allows us to improve the lives of those around us. Disruptive technologies are
one of the main forces of innovation. After examining the Philadelphia Water Department, we
decided on these two key disruptive technologies.
Green Stormwater Infrastructure
The most likely disruptive technology to be to be utilized in this situation is green stormwater
infrastructure. There is a strong push for more eco–friendly systems going on throughout the nation.
A study done by McGraw–Hill has shown that the number of companies who incorporate
sustainability into their operations is up over 25% since 2006. The Philadelphia Water Department is
no ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Philadelphia Water Department has strong internal databases from the information we gathered
from our advisor, Amy Shin. They have databases for sharing geospatial data, communications
during projects, and also from the timeline/history of a project. Moreover, the Philadelphia Water
Department has a database for comments on designs, who has won bids for contracting out services,
and a query–system for searching for this information after it has been saved. This is a strong
overarching system that allows for interdependence and better flow of work within the department
as a whole. The shortcomings that we saw were in regards to the external databases, including the
citizens and partners under the Philadelphia Water Department;s umbrella. Our advisor made it
apparent that what is needed is a database for the flow of information between them and their
partners. Currently, information is slow to reach this group, with Powerpoints conveying much of
the material to decision makers. Qualitative information is simply taking too long to reach those that
need it. External databases would help improve the ability of the Philadelphia Water Department to
provide services and implement diverse programs with many partners. For example, Amy Shin also
made a point to say the geospatial data exchange between different departments and partners could
help to facilitate capital investments, determining where a project is needed or where many partners
can convene on a

The Importance Of Disruptive Technology
Contents
1 Introduction 2
1.1 Background 2
1.2 Scope and Purpose of the report 2
2 The Importance of the Internet 3
2.1 What is the Internet? 3
2.2 How has the internet caused disruptions? 3
2.3 What are the aftermaths of the internet as a disruptive technology? 4
2.3.1 Information loss 4
2.3.2 Loss of financial information 4
2.3.3 Decreased privacy 4
2.3.4 Reputation 4
3 Conclusion 5
3.1 Social Networks 5
3.2 E–commerce 5
3.3 Learning and Education 5
3.4 Media 5
4 References 6
1 Introduction
1.1 Background
The term Disruptive Technology describes a technological product that has been created and has had
a ground breaking effect which has in turn shaken up the industry, disrupting the existing market.
The new innovation can be used by companies as competitive advantage by altering and enhancing
the way in which their business is conducted. This is in accordance with Clayton M. Christensen, a
Harvard Business School professor (1997).
The biggest and most disruptive technology that has impacted the industry at large has been the
Internet with the emergence of Mobile Internet. It has also been deemed as the most powerful source
of communication all around. It has given rise to the term of "Internet of Things" (IoT), (Evans,
2014). According to Gartner, it has become evident that IoT exclusive of PCs, tablets and
smartphones will have, by the year of 2020, increased massively.
The internet has taken over all legacy forms of media, communications and has greatly affected all

Backbay Battery Simulation Reflection Report . In Playing
BackBay Battery Simulation Reflection Report
In playing the simulation of the BackBay Battery, managing the company's mature technology
NiMH and the emerging potential disruptive UC technology, I learned many lessons from analysing
the game results, and also from the decision making process during the simulation. I adopted many
different strategies in different playing times. The following report will discuss three main strategies
I adopted, namely 1. investing in both technologies, 2. nurturing new technology with profit form
current health business, and 3. cost leadership strategy respectively.
For the first time I played, I tried to nurture the potential disruptive innovation in UC technology
where I invested a great mount of RD ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Hence, it is hard for me to recover in that situation. I only reached the cumulative profit of –10.48M
for the first time I played. Reasons contributed to the results are many. Firstly, I did not have clear
position at first and did not stick to my long term plan; I managed to innovate in both the NiMH and
also the UC technology. External environment changes also affect the sales and profit significantly.
For example, the Lithium–ion battery producers made the price deduction influenced the price I
offer to my customers. The other difficulty I faced is that customers preference changes are hard to
predict. For instance, the customers' increase of importance of recharge time has led to my
investment in desired energy density not generating deserved customer preference. Even worse, the
constant price reduction request made my company profit shrink. The challenge is that it is almost
impossible for me to innovate in the two area to try to maximum my sales for all the customers.
Clayton Christensen's disruptive innovation theory also explains my failure experience, that is:
every company that has tried to manage mainstream and disruptive business within a single
organisation failed. The next time I play, I will nurture the disruptive UC technology in an separate
entity and try sticking to a long term plan. I should manage the two technologies separately. Another
important lessen learnt was that once decide a plan or a strategy, keep sticking to the strategy

Technology And The Technology At Right Time
In this article authors have explained the nature of disruptive technology and argued that the leading
companies ignore the importance to identify and nurture the technology at right time. They lose the
battle to new entrants, who develop and commercialize those technology well ahead and capture the
market before incumbent realize the importance of disruptive technology in business. Innovation is
the driver for any industry growth and it has been observed that industries able to innovate as well as
maintain current customer satisfied are successful. Author claims that the leading companies
following too much to their existing customers and ignore future customers. The market research for
new technology also surrounds the existing customers which are not interested in low performing
new technology. So obviously they don 't show interest until unless new technology meets their
performance criteria. Business leaders were taught to follow their customers and this has been as
proved as mantra for success from past. However, when managers only listen to their customers they
will not be able to forecast merging market growth and will not be able to respond strategically. I do
agree with authors point that concentrating only in existing customers allow them to improve the
performance of mainstream technology and they become myopic about the future technology.
Kodak is a classical example of failure due to disruptive technology. Kodak engineers were
developed a digital camera in

Innovators Dna
(Continued from front flap)
is the Horace
Beesley Professor of Strategy at the Marriott School, Brigham
Young University. He is widely published in strategy and business journals and was the fourth most
cited management scholar from
1996–2006.
is a professor of leadership at INSEAD. He consults to organizations around the world on
innovation, globalization, and transformation and has published extensively in leading academic and
business journals.
is the Robert and Jane
Cizik Professor of Business
Administration at Harvard
Business School and the architect of and the world's foremost authority on disruptive innovation.
"Businesses worldwide have been guided and in uenced by e Innovator's Dilemma and
e ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Christensen
All rights reserved
Printed in the United States of America
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in or introduced into a retrieval system, or
transmitted, in any form, or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or
otherwise), without the prior permission of the publisher. Requests for permission should be directed
to permissions@hbsp.harvard.edu, or mailed to Permissions, Harvard Business
School Publishing, 60 Harvard Way, Boston, Massachusetts 02163.
Library of Congress Cataloging–in–Publication Data
Dyer, Jeff.
The innovator's DNA : mastering the ﬁve skills of disruptive innovators/
Jeff Dyer, Hal Gregersen, Clayton M. Christensen.
p. cm.
ISBN 978–1–4221–3481–8 (hardback)
1. Creative ability in business. 2. Technological innovations.
3. Entrepreneurship. I. Gregersen, Hal B., 1958– II. Christensen,

Clayton M. III. Title.
HD53.D94 2011
658.4 '063–dc22
2011008440
The paper used in this publication meets the requirements of the American
National Standard for Permanence of Paper for Publications and Documents in Libraries and
Archives Z39.48–1992.
100092 00 i–vi r1 rr.qxp
5/13/11
6:52 PM
Page v
Contents
Introduction
1
Part One
Disruptive Innovation Starts with You
1
The DNA of Disruptive Innovators
17
2
Discovery Skill

The Challenge of Breakthrough Innovations
The Challenge of Breakthrough Innovations
Table of Contents
"The Breakthrough".............................................................................................2
Dilemma/ Struggle of Established Firms.....................................................................3
Rules for Innovation..............................................................................................4
Building An Ambidextrous Organization....................................................................6
Conclusion and Recommendations............................................................................8
Reference............................................................................................................9
Appendix...........................................................................................................12
"The Breakthrough"
One dictionary definition of breakthrough is: "a significant and dramatic overcoming of a perceived
obstacle, allowing the completion of a process." But what really makes an innovation a
breakthrough (radical, disruptive) one, rather than incremental, from ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Furthermore, the rules and requirements that support the breakthrough–generating environment will
be addressed. Subsequently this paper will try to answer the question how an ambidextrous
organization can be built. The final part of the paper is dedicated to recommendations and
conclusion.
Dilemma/ Struggle of Established Firms
The idea of implementing radical/ disruptive innovation in mature firms is discussed in the article of
Richard Leifer; Gina Colarelli O'Connor and Mark Rice, "Implementing radical innovation in
mature firms" revealing the fact that there is increasing evidence of breakthrough innovation in the
competitive marketplace today, but there is uncertainty on whether it is worth risk taking today?!
And especially large established firms face this dilemma; they have grown excellent at managing
operational efficiencies and building customer loyalty. But will they be able to take wise decision
when it comes to radical innovations and face the chaos associated with commercialization of
breakthroughs. Subsequently, some companies actually made it possible, for example IBM, with a

new generation of communication chips, describing an innovation aimed to increase switching
speeds and reduce

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