John Locke And The French Revolution

John Locke And The French Revolution
The Enlightenment thinker, John Locke, greatly influenced movements like the American and
French Revolutions. John Locke mainly believed that people could learn from past experiences and
then, be able to improve themselves based upon them. He believed that people should have a direct
say in the government and that absolute monarchy should not be a factor that rules everyday people
in their everyday lives. His ideas greatly influenced future like with ideas like democracy and the
power of the people. Jocke Locke was a key advocate of the practical approaches of the Scientific
Revolution. John Locke was born on August 29,1632, in Wrington, a village in the English county
of Somerset. His father was a country lawyer and military man who had served as a captain during
the English civil war. Both of his parents were Puritans, which led Locke to be raised that way.
Since his father had connections and allegiance to the English government, Locke received an
outstanding education. At Christ Church, one of Oxford's most prestigious school, Locke spent his
time studying logic and metaphysics, as well as classical languages. After graduating in 1656, he
returned to Christ Church two years later for a Master of Arts. In 1668, Locke was elected a fellow
of the Royal Society. He graduated with a bachelor's of medicine in 1674. Early in his medical
studies, Locke met Lord Ashley, who was to become Earl of Shaftsbury. Shaftsbury eventually
persuaded Locke to move to London and become his personal physician. As Shaftsbury's stature
grew, so did Locke's responsibilities. He assisted in his business and political matters, and after
Shaftesbury was made chancellor, Locke became his secretary of presentations. As one of the
founders the the Whig party, which pushed for constitutional monarchism and stood in opposition
to the dominant Tories, Shaftsbury imparted an outlook on rule and government that never left
Locke. In Locke's landmark, Two Treatise of Government, put forth his revolutionary ideas
concerning the natural rights of man and the social contract. Both concepts not only started rebellion
in England, but also impacted the intellectual underpinnings that formed the later American and
French revolutions. John Locke
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Britain : The Glorious Revolution
Britain: Overview 1688 – 1918
From 1688 to 1918, the British Empire was formed. At its peak, it was the largest empire in history.
With 59 territories ranging from Egypt to Canada, it held sway over 14 million people. It was "the
empire on which the sun never sets," for the sun was always shining on at least one of its many
territories. Britain was known as the "workshop of the world," with a rise in population, wealth,
inventions, and much more.
In 1688, Britain was invaded by the Dutch Prince William of Orange. This would later be known as
the "Glorious Revolution." This event changed Britain, setting it on the path towards constitutional
monarchy and parliamentary democracy. This created a new balance between parliament and the ...
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– At the bottom, where the poor. These people usually lived in small towns or villages and worked
in factories and mines or as servants to the rich.
There was a problem during these times with the number of poor people there were compared to
upper/middle class. This created a lot of tension as half of the country were unhappy about their way
of life.
Culturally, a lot happened in this period. Literature grew in popularity. With the stress of the day and
the harsh conditions, many people would need something to relax during the night. The themes of
the novels changed during the different centuries. In the 17th century, literary works emphasize
largely on individual journeys and experiences, politics and religion. However, as the industrial
revolution came upon Britain, the major themes included social issues, nature and imagination. This
change shows us that after the industrial revolution, living standards had gotten much worse for a
vast amount of people after the revolution.
The themes of art also changed. Art became far more edgy and dark. It had more emotion and
imagination. Many paintings represented violence and included terrifying images of nature. It
contained exotic objects, and the Gothic style became popular.
Music changed in a similar way. There were more expressions of intense emotions, making the
music seem like a violent nature. Music also had a great impact in Germany, Austria,

Benefits Of The Uk Retaining An Unwritten Constitution
Constitution is a body of fundamental principles that sets out a framework of precedent which
'regulates the functions, powers and duties ' amongst the organs of the government. It provides
authority to how such organs as the executive, legislative and judiciary must operate under a
constitution law. The fundamental purpose of a constitution is being able to establish the roles and
powers of different branches of a state alongside the perspectives and rights of its citizens. The
United Kingdom is considered to have a constitution however, unlike the substantial countries like
the United States of America and Australia, who currently have a sole codified document. In
comparison, to the UK, Israel and New Zealand who are amongst the only three countries in the
world that have a distinctive constitution which does not have a single codified constitution. This
essay will be exploring and evaluating the advantages of the UK retaining an unwritten constitution,
in comparison to the potentials of the UK drafting a written constitution and its capability of being
flexible, alongside referencing made to John Alder and further academics.
A significant feature of the British constitution, is arguably said to be flexible to a certain extend, in
contrast to a rigid constitution such as the USA. Albert Venn Dicey defined a flexible constitution as
'one under which every law of description can legally be changed with the same ease and in the
same manner by one and the same body. '

What Is The Role Of The Press Or Incarceration In La...
Dominating the new technology and maneuvering the lines of freedom of press and censorship,
champion print satirist and publisher Charles Philipon brought the government to its knees with his
caricatures resembling King Louis–Phillipe. In addition, as the leader of the French satirical press
with his journals, La Caricature and of Le Charivari, Charles Philipon set the precedent of the
political and social tone of the press in France throughout the July Monarchy. Le Charivari was
Philipon's weekly illustrated magazine that was published for nearly ninety–five years beginning in
1932. After the establishment of hefty fines, Philipon decided to produce social commentary. On the
other hand, La Caricature, a weekly satirical journal ran between ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
During the first five years of the July Monarchy, fines and the chance of incarceration plagued the
press, however, according to Gabriel Weisberg in the article, The Coded Image: Agitation in
Caricature, the government reached its breaking point in 1935. He stated that "they reacted by
restricting the freedom on the press, which had been bitterly won in the Revolution of 1830, through
the institution of censorship control invoked by the September Laws" . These laws regulated the
press and banned all criticism of King Louis–Phillipe and constitutional monarchy. Although
Charles Philipon and Honoré Daumier were not the sole components of the censorship, for hundreds
of talented satirists flooded France with political commentary, Philipon and Daumier's work was
exponentially influential to kindling ideas of discontent that were potent to the monarchy. Despite
the artist's initial disregard of imposed fines and police confiscation, the implication of significant
punishment, "artists were forced to be extremely careful about their themes" . As a result, satire
began to move away from its traditional political nature and began lampooning issues regarding
social classes. With the help of Philipon's Soap Bubbles, The Replastering, and Les Poires and
Daumier's Gargantua, the reception and distribution of the political satire and caricature during the
July Monarchy was blacklisted from popular culture. Fast–forward less than two centuries, although
Louis–Phillipe and the July Monarchy attempted to distinguish political satire and caricatures for
good, cartoonists throughout the world continue to rival against their government to comment on
their leader's appearance, failed promises, and

The Kingdom Of Morocco : A Constitutional Monarchy
The Kingdom of Morocco, is located on the Northwestern coast Africa and it's the first country to
recognize the sovereignty of the United States in 1777. As Morocco was, and still is, a constitutional
monarchy, America created a system that established itself based on federalism, distributing power
equally among the original 13 states. As Morocco was, and still is, a constitutional monarchy,
America made a system that established itself based on federalism, equally distributing power
among the original 13 states. A written constitution formed the glue between the three branches of
power – the legislative, the judicial and the executive. In Morocco, there is in fact no written
constitution, despite the fact that there is a constitution, consisting of numerous sources and not only
one like in the USA. The American Constitution is flexible as it has Amendments added to it,
making it possible to change as time goes by.
The Kingdom of Morocco, has a unitary form of government in which there are no states. As well as
a constitutional democracy form of government wherein the country is ruled by king Mohammed6
and has absolute control of the country. Nonetheless, the king follows the constitution and uses the
help of the prime minister. The voting age in Morocco is 18, though the citizens can 't vote for their
king since Morocco has a constitutional monarchy. However, the citizens are allowed to vote for the
other people in the government that assist in running the

Essay about Absolutism vs. Constitutional Monarchy
In the upcoming United States Presidential Election it is possible to see a woman become elected as
President. This would be a first for the United States and also for most of the world. Throughout the
world different types of governments have survived, faulted, or have been altered. Many of these
governments came from early European countries. Two of the most popular types of governments to
come from Europe are Constitutional Monarchy and Absolutism. Traces of Constitutional Monarchy
and Absolutism are still seen today in different parts of the world. Constitutional Monarchy and
Absolutism have its roots set in England and France respectively. Much of original regulations that
have been put in place by these governments have ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Much of the English goods were imported from other countries as well. Beginning in the mid
seventeenth century England went through many changes including moving to a commercial and
urbanizing country. The first set of changes occurred as England began producing different types of
goods. Originally England was making thick types of clothes that were made for the colder
weathers. In the late seventeenth century lighter fabrics began to be created. As the change shifted in
clothing construction, goods of other markets began taking over the industry. "A wide range of
English products replaced imports on the English market and began to compete successfully
abroad." This shift to exporting goods instead of importing greatly improved England's economy.
These goods included sugar, glass, pottery, iron, ships, and different typed of mined goods. Instead
of paying to import these goods, England began exporting goods and bringing in a huge amount of
money to the English economy. As the economy began to boom, a change in the way society lived
had also changed. Instead of living in large cities, citizens began moving outward in the urban areas
further away. Although most of the urbanization movement can be contributed to the raise in
population, there were also many other changes that were occurring. Stagecoaches began having
more frequent routes to all of the major cities and also most of the smaller outlying cities.

Comparing Canada Economic System Of Canada
Comparing Canada Economic system to Jordan
Muhannad hadi
Forest heights Collegiate Institrute
Comparing Canada Economic system to Jordan 2
In this report you will know all about Canada and Jordan economic overview, natural resources
where do they stand in the economic freedom rankings and what type of governmets they have and
finally where Canada falls on the of spectrum economics systems.
Economic Overview
Canada
Canada is the seventh largest economy. Businesses are mostly privately owned. The government
offers lots of services like the healthcare system, transportation and utility companies. The economy
is highly developed. After the Second World War Canada changed from a rural economy to one
industry which is mining than it kept changing until our time.
Canada is one of the main exporter countries of forest products. Most of the natural resources are
from south of Canada while some are in the northern parts. Natural resources found are iron, nickel,
Zinc, gold, timber, wildlife, hydropower, natural gas, and petroleum. The main industries are
automobile industry and aircraft industry, also Canada is ranked eighth in seafood industry.
Jordan
Jordan is a Arab country located in the middle east. The problems in Iraq and Syria have caused lots
of damage to Jordan's economy because of border problems and refugee crisis. Jordan has natural
resources but they don't help the economy because they

Revolution : The Glorious Revolution
The Glorious Revolution that occurred in 1688 to 1689 was a bloodless revolution in England that
was a turning point in modern history. The true glory of the revolution was that it contained no
massacre and that a settlement by consent was reached on the religious and political differences that
had divided parties for ages. A thinker during the time, John Locke came up with new models and
inspirations for the evolving concept of government. Locke argued that power came from the
people, not from a divine right to royal rule. Kings should therefore be restrained by institutions that
protected the public interest, including certain general rights to freedom and property. Therefore. a
more democratic form of government known as a limited monarchy replaced absolutism and at the
same time limited its power by the 1689 Bill of Rights. The revolution established the supremacy of
parliament over the crown that set Britain on the path towards constitutional monarchy and
parliamentary democracy (Maurice, 2017). The king and queen became figureheads, when before
they were absolute monarchs. In 1660, when Charles II was on the throne, Englishmen were
uncertain about the Stuarts and suspected him of Papal tendencies and absolutists learnings. Charles
II did not adhere to Parliament since he had favoring alliances with Catholic powers in Europe.
When Charles II died in 1685, Charles was succeeded by his brother James II, Duke of York. The
Whigs, a parliamentary group did not want a

Absolutism vs Constitutional Monarchy
Compare and contrast the theories and practice of absolutism and constitutional monarchy during
the 17th century. The seventeenth century saw the evolution of two new types of government mainly
because of the instability that was caused by religious wars. One type of government was a
constitutional monarchy in which rulers were confined to the laws of the state, giving the people
some liberties, best exemplified by William and Mary during the Stuart monarchial rule.
Constitutional monarchy was successful in mainly in England because of the Magna Carta, which
kept the king's power in check. The other type was absolute monarchy, in which the king has power
over everything, shown by the French under Louis XIV. Although these two ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
The parliamentary system allowed kings to be more aware of the different regions and customs of
the population, therefore allowing them to have more freedoms. Also, the gentry could advise the
king on issues such as war and taxes so he would know what is unfair to the population, where if he
was absolute, he could make whatever tax he wanted. Parliament also allowed for the separation of
power into judicial and legislative branches, further strengthening the government because the two
areas would not be headed solely by the monarch. Structures such as the Bill of Rights and the
system of checks allowed constitutional monarchies to rule more efficiently at the end of the 17th
century and on to the

Similarities And Differences Between United Kingdom And Spain
Adopting a historical comparative perspective, this paper explains the politics structure of the
United Kingdom and Spain; two .............I selected these two countries because these two countries
are involved in the same characteristic, as they both are unitary state that consists of monarchy and
parliamentary system. However, with the differences in culture, ideology and history background,
making both United Kingdom and Spain have an outstanding contrasting functions. First and
foremost, I'd briefly go through the history of both countries by emphasized on their political
institutions historical. The United Kingdom is considered as the primogenitor of the present–day
democracy structure in many democratic countries. United Kingdom is seemed to ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
However, we call it differently for United Kingdom, The upper house and lower house is house of
lord and house of common while in Spain we call the house of senate and house of deputies.
According to the website of congress of Spain, The lower house of Spain consists of 350 members,
who are the representatives of each provinces and has four years term. The method that is used to
elect the member of lower house is the proportional representative method. While, The number of
the total seat in house of common in United Kingdom is 650 (UK parliamentary, 2010). The
electoral method that the UK is used to elected the member of the lower house is on the other hand,
a plurality or majority vote system. United Kingdom and Spain choose to use different electoral
system to elect the number of the member in the lower house because certain type of electoral
system might fit to the situation of particular country

The Pros And Cons Of A Constitutional Monarchy
In the no so far off past, occupants in a couple of states expected to pay a charge to vote in a national
choice. This charge was known as a poll tax. On January 23, 1964, the United States supported the
24th Amendment to the Constitution, denying any study charge in decisions for government powers.
("The 24th Amendment Ended the Poll Tax," n.d.)
The Poll Tax is displayed in Scotland – 1989. Supplanting the Rates structure, the Poll Tax is
exhibited in Scotland before the straggling leftovers of the country. Significantly repulsive, it
prompts the greatest protest since the Miners' Strike.("BBC – Scotland's History – The Poll Tax is
introduced in Scotland," n.d.) Scotland, the U.K's. northernmost country, is a spot where there is
mountain ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Inside United Kingdom, a unitary sovereign state, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales have gotten
a level of autonomy through the system of devolution.("The Monarchy Today > What is
constitutional monarchy?," n.d.). In the UK, the Cabinet and minsters support the Prime Minister
while leading the organization is called a Constitutional monarchy. Constitutional monarchy is a
type of government in which a King or Queen goes about as Head of State. As a course of action of
government, ensured government separates the Head of State's stately and power commitments from
get–together authoritative issues. A Constitutional monarchy similarly gives soundness, congruity
and a national concentrate, as the Head of State proceeds as before even as governments change.
The Sovereign/Monarch administers as demonstrated by the constitution – that is, according to
gauges, rather than according to his or her own specific flexibility of thought. The United Kingdom
does not have a created constitution which sets out the rights and commitments of the Sovereign,
they are made by customs. These are non–statutory standards which can be for the most part as tying
as formal secured principles. As a secured ruler, the Sovereign must remain politically unprejudiced.
On all matters the Sovereign catches up on the appeal of clerics. Regardless, the Sovereign holds a
basic political part as Head of State, formally selecting head directors, supporting certain order and
giving regards. The Sovereign has other power parts to play, for instance, Head of the Armed

The Abolition Of The Monarchy Affect New Zealand 's...
Word Count: 2036 words
How would the abolition of the Monarchy affect New Zealand's constitutional structure?
Abolishing the Monarchy in New Zealand would inherently call into question the issue of
constitutional reform. New Zealand would need to consider having a written constitution. In this
essay the focus will be on 'Independence and a Written Constitution' in relation to steps that may
need to occur for New Zealand to become a Republic. I will reflect on the use of the word 'may'
briefly as there are merits in remaining with an "unwritten Constitution" mainly in relation to the
fluidity that has historically led New Zealand's gradual progression to Independence.
New Zealand is a democracy and constitutional monarchy; the Head of State is the sovereign
(Queen Elizabeth II) whom is the source of legal authority in New Zealand. In her role as Queen of
New Zealand, Queen Elizabeth II acts through a representative appointed on the recommendation of
the Prime Minister for a period of five years. The formal title is Governor–General and Commander
in Chief of New Zealand . The office and powers of the Governor–General are set out in the Letters
Patent, revised in 1983 and amended in 1987 and 2006 . The office of the Governor General
"symbolises unity and stability," it is not dependent on the continuation of a government.
The Letters Patent empower the Governor–General to constitute and appoint various officers, such
as members of the Executive Council and diplomatic or

During The French Revolution: The Tennis Court Oath
The Tennis Court Oath was a pledge by the Third Estate stating that the people were "never to
separate" and would continue to revolt until the monarchy satisfied their needs. They wanted a new
constitution with more benefits, such as equal taxation and more land, and they wanted to overturn
the Estates General. A revolution is defined as a group of people taking action to resist a government
or other powerful authority by understanding a common wish or altering something in the monarch.
During the French Revolution, the Third Estate wanted societal change and a new government
system because they had many problems within the rigid Estate system. King Louis XVI organized
a meeting called the Estates General where representatives from each Estate ... Show more content
The National Assembly vowed to stay together until they reached their goal of a new constitution;
however, there was no physical action taken place or promised in the Tennis Court Oath. During the
concessions, letters stated that steps were to be taken towards a free press and there were to be no
taxes 'without the consent of the nation's representatives,' although it was clear that the King's words
posed too much of a threat. On June 23rd, three days following the Tennis Court Oath, Louis XVI
made it clear that the "separateness of the orders and the existing social hierarchy were to be
maintained and that any reforms which were to come would be granted by himself and not won by
demand." He notes, "None of your plans or proceedings can become law without my express
approval" (Hibbert 61) When the Third Estate vowed to stay together until their constitutional needs
were met, they were not promising any action. This could exhibit the idea that the Oath was not
revolutionary, since the third estate neglected to remove the monarchy and actually make a
difference in France at the

The Impact of the French Revolution in Britain
The impact of the French Revolution in Britain
The given interpretation 'Between 1789 and 1815 supporters of the French Revolution posed no
threat to the established order of Britain' suffers from a few problems . Firstly it suggests supporters
posed 'no serious threat' however it does not elaborate on what a 'serious' threat actually is. Secondly
it covers a 26 year period '1789–1815' which is a long time and numerous things could change
within this period, Britain goes to war with France and the 'industrial revolution' begins which
would suggest things would not be as black and white as there never being a threat at all. While a
few bits of evidence do support this interpretation, a better alternative would be 'supporters of the
French ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The source does say these are only 'attempts' implying they are not successful however. The source
agrees with source 4 on the success of Thomas Paine's the rights of man, in source 4 it calls it a
"Paine–ite disease". The source seems typical in the way it talks about strong government reactions
as we know later the despotic bills and the banning of Habeas Corpus are enacted by Pitt's
government. The source agrees firmly with the amended interpretation as it shows both the
government and monarchy threatened and acting on this fear by introducing repressive laws.
Source 3, overall seems to agree with the original interpretation that there was no serious threat. It
says bluntly 'Corresponding societies never offered a real threat' and suggests the 'radical societies'
were 'pernickety' and had too few real members 'sympathizers were far more numerous then formal
members'. However it does suggest the societies could 'stage impressive open air protest meetings'
which could put pressure on the government. It contradicts source 1 on the radical nature of these
societies but agrees on the number of members. The source is from a book which again covers a
large time period 1783–1870, the fact the book is called the 'forging of the modern state' and the fact
the writer mentions this time period as not revolutionary would point to the idea that there may be

Maslow's Hierarchy Of Needs
As co–queens of our civilization, Alexis and I wanted the best for our piece of Africa. We decided
that we could best do this by choosing a constitutional monarchy for our people. We want to have
most of the power over decisions regarding laws and buildings but we want our people to still have
the rights from a constitution. This government has allowed us to spend money on what we feel the
citizens need and also give them what their constitutional rights: schooling and the right to feel safe.
The following decisions have been loosely based on Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs so that our
people can flourish. The first two years were spent on the physiological needs of the citizens. We
paid for a sea port, running water/desalination and a vocational

How Did The French Revolution Affect The Status Of France...
In the 1789, France had many problems in the society and it was on the brink of collapsing. The
issues eventually led to the need to change the government was run. The first issue was the social
hierarchy, it had three estates: the clergy at the top with 1% of the population, the nobles at the
second estate making up about 2% of the population, and the middle class, peasants and city
workers at the third estate making up 97% of the population. The problem was the taxes, people in
the third estate were the only one paying taxes to the government when the first and second estates
who owned about 35% of the land and was rich didn't pay, so how was that fair? The second issue
was the economic crisis. For years, France had a drought that brought despair and hunger to the
third estate, there were food shortages. The country was in debt from the amount of gold spent on
the Versailles Palace, the country also helped the 13 colonies in the ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
This system would be the best for France because of several reasons. For one, the king's power
would be limited, the power would divide into the nobles and the third estate. The system would be
the checks and balance that the French people need since the king is destroying society by only
concerning with themselves, not knowing or caring about what goes around them. In order to do
that, the king can no longer make the laws and have everyone follow it, a method to stop his
absolute power is suspensive veto. The king can reject a proposal but the assembly can say yes and
overturn his veto after 3 meetings. This will help represent the lower class, everyone will be paying
taxes instead of only the third estate doing it. Economically, we can't get rid of slavery in the
colonies like Hiti because the economy will fail, everyone is already starving, so if the working class
is free, no one's going to want to

Separation Of Powers In Australia Essay
Introduction
The government of Australia was formed in 1901 as a federal constitutional monarchy following an
agreement among the six Australian British colonies, which had governed themselves
independently. The Structure of the Australian government may be examined based on the concepts
of federalism and separation of powers. It has three distinct branches comprising of the executive,
legislative and judicial arms (Info sheet 20 – The Australian system of government – Parliament of
Australia, 2016). The government of Switzerland was formed in 1848 after the formation of the
Switzerland Federal constitution, which was revised in 1874, 1999 leading to the modern
constitution, which defines the country as a federal state comprised of twenty ... Show more content
To ensure that power is not concentrated in a single branch or arm of the government, the
governments have established a mechanism to check excessive use of power. For instance, in
Australia, the Ministers are appointed by the parliament and are also scrutinized by the members of
parliament. Moreover, the principle of separation of powers requires that no individual can be a
member of two or three arms of the government (Markus, 2016). For instance, a member of
parliament cannot at the same time serve as a High Court Judge, as this will compromise the
supremacy of the Judiciary in controlling the law making process. It may also interfere with the
parliament's law–making

Representative Democracy Research Paper
When it comes to the way the government is run in the United Kingdom, there has been great
evolution from what it was when it started back in the 13th century as a monarchy. The progression
of the government has changed drastically over 800 years to what's now used today: the
Parliamentary system (with a constitutional monarch on the side). The United Kingdom Parliament
has served the 65 million people living in England, Scotland, Wales and North Ireland for countless
decades and continues to support and discuss relevant issues like health care, the environment,
education, crime, and national aid. In the four countries that dominate the United Kingdom, they
work together to maintain what is one of the oldest governments in the world, as well ... Show more
Starting in the year of 1215, when the rise of King John's new law system was put into place, he,
with the help of his barons, made sure no one, not even himself, was above the laws they created. In
1265, Simon de Montfort invited representatives of surrounding towns and shires to his Parliament.
These events helped found the representative democracy we now use today. What was once a
constitutional monarchy with a king and queen deciding the rules of the land, is now a
Parliamentary democracy where there's one leader and all the people get a say in the way it's run.
The representative democracy is more modern than how it was run in way back when. When the
monarch ruled, a king and queen had power. This power was inherited when a family member
passes away and you're the one next in line for the crown. Laws and decisions were made by the
legislation and passed by the monarch before being granted. Although this way of government
preserved culture and tradition as well as continuity, the monarch cannot be removed no matter how
poor their duties are and it also promotes class privilege ("this can push the idea that success can be
achieved based only on your social class instead of your hard

Australian Constitutional Monarchy
Introduction
The only system of governance which has been used in Australia since federation in 1901 has been a
Constitutional Monarchy. Within this system there is a constitution, which determines and limits the
role of government in Australian society; there is a monarch, who inherits the role of Head of State
from his or her parent; and there is a parliament where elected members sit to create and vote on
legislation. However, in the 1980s and 1990s a new political movement gained a large amount of
popularity in Australia. This movement endorsed changing Australia's system of government to a
semi–presidential republic. This systems most commonly recognised difference is the removal of the
monarch as the Head of State and a president as the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The constitutional monarchy has served Australia well for over 110 years, and we should not change
it, due to potential risks associated with doing so, such as politicising the role of the Head of State of
Australia.
The constitutional monarchy means Australia a non–political Head of State, this would change if a
republic model was adopted. Queen Elizabeth, as well as other past monarchs, have not had a
political role in the governance of the country. The introduction of an elected Head of State would
mean that Australia would have to have a Head of State who plays a political role, which is
considered by many to be negative, because traditionally only members of parliament have played
political roles in Australia's governance.
Australia has close ties to its monarch which should not be removed. Australia and the United
Kingdom have a strong international relationship, which is partially due to the strength caused by
sharing a Head of State. If Australia removes the Queen as its Head of State, this will likely weaken
its relationship with the United Kingdom, who is considered to be one of our closest

Monarchy Vs. Constitutional Monarchy
Absolute Monarchy vs Constitutional Monarchy
The difference between absolute monarchy and constitutional monarchy is that in the absolute
monarchy, the monarch holds the supreme or absolute powers, whereas in the constitutional
monarchy, the head of state is a hereditary or elected monarch.
The law within a constitutional monarchy might be different from the law within an absolute
monarchy. Differences between absolute and constitutional monarchies emerged during the
sixteenth and seventeenth centuries when many European countries experimented with absolutism
and constitutional monarchies.
Absolute monarchy is also called undemocratic monarchy and constitutional monarchy is also called
a liberal monarchy. In the absolute monarchy, the king ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, Sweden, Malaysia, Luxemburg and Jordan are among the
nations that have constitutional or limited monarchy system whereas Brunei, Saudi Arabia, Vatican
City, Swaziland, Oman and Qatar are some of the few nations that still have absolute monarchs.
Summary:
1. Absolute monarchy or undemocratic monarchy transmits absolute powers to the monarch who
acts as a dictator or head of the state.
2. Constitutional monarchy or liberal monarchy gives limited powers to the monarch as in the
monarchy of England.
3. In the constitutional monarchy, the prime minister of the state holds the maximum powers and
political effectiveness.
4. Absolute monarchs were initiated due to holy wars and the decline of the church.
5. Constitutional monarchy was initiated when the monarchs emerged as irresponsible and careless
leaders.
Absolute Monarchy in France: Louis XIV
An Absolute Monarch Rises Soon after Louis XIV became king, disorder again swept France. In an
uprising called the Fronde, nobles, merchants, peasants, and the urban poor each rebelled in order to
protest royal power or preserve their own. On one occasion, rioters drove the boy king from his
palace. It was an experience Louis would never forget. When Mazarin died in 1661, the 23–year–old
Louis resolved to take complete control over the government himself. "I have been pleased to
entrust the government of my affairs to the

The Australian Government: A Federal Constitutional Monarchy
The Australian government is federalism. There are six states and two territories (the northern
territory and the capital territory), states with the governor and in charge of state affairs. The
Australian government is composed of house majority or coalition, every government office for
three years. The cabinet is the government's highest decision–making authority, is now a total of 30
ministers. The country's supreme administrative leader is prime minister.
Australia is a federal constitutional monarchy. The head of state is monarch Australia. Australia
governor is not representative of Australia, for Australia monarchy under the Australian constitution
to replace the sovereign to exercise their functions and powers. The current head of

Similarities Between North Korea And Australian Government
The Australian government and the North Korean government are both similar and yet different in
their structure and system of government. The Australian government is both a democracy and
constitutional monarchy with queen Elizabeth second as head of state where as the north Korean
government is ruled by one man, the president Kim II sung who rules north Korea as a dictatorship
both countries have political parties that assist in ruling the country. Australia is made up of a
number of parties that represent the people, whereas North Korea have one party; Korean workers
party. Both countries have different systems of government, Australian government is made up of 3
arms of government, these include the parliament, the executive and the judiciary. ... Show more
Australia is made up of numerous parties that represent the people, whereas North Korea have one
party; Korean workers party. They also have two minor parties, Chondoist Chongu Party [RYU Mi
Yong] (under Korean Workers Party control) and Social Democratic Party [KIM Yong Dae] (under
Korean Workers Party control). The Korean Workers' Party is North Korea's most politically
important entity. In Australia it is compulsory to vote by the time you turn eighteen years old.
Australian law has numerous conditions which must be met in order to create a political party. To
start with, the party must have a written constitution. It must aim to achieve the election of members
to the House of Representatives or Senate. Also must have either five hundred members whose
names appear on the electoral roll, or have at least one member who is a current member of the
Federal Parliament. The Korean workers party is the only party you can vote for and is backed up by
the military. Elections in North Korea are held every five years. At the national level, North Koreans
elect a legislature, the Supreme People's Assembly. In addition to the Supreme People's Assembly,
the people elect representatives to city, county, and provincial. All seats are won by the Democratic
Front for the Reunification of the Fatherland. The Workers' Party of Korea dominates the Front and
holds majority

The Republic Of Ireland And The United Kingdom
The Republic of Ireland and the United Kingdom
An Analysis of Governments, Politics, and Society in the Region
Conall P. MacKenzie
FP230 Short Paper
LCDR Rachael Gosnell
24SEP2015
Western Europe has grown exponentially since the colonial period, and the emergence of the
Republic of Ireland and a unified United Kingdom has clearly shown that Europe's boarders are
constantly changing. Each nation has evolved in its own ways over the course of its existence, but
both show many similarities that are highly visible in governing styles, political parties, and the
societies themselves. These differences are what separate the two states from one another. Since
Ireland received independence from Great Britain in 1922, its governmental processes and political
parties have changed entirely from what they were before, thus causing a massive shift of the public
view of Ireland, and the United Kingdom from the early 20th century to present day. Now, it is
readily apparent that even though they are incredibly different countries both are successful and in
no worry of becoming a failed state. However, there are dissimilarities between the governing styles
as well as the types of party platforms in each region that have aided their successes. Ireland was not
always its own country. For a long period, it fell under the jurisdiction of Great Britain. Throughout
the early 20th century, Ireland looked to secede from Great Britain, leading to its eventual success in
the act by

The Government Of Norway Is A Constitutional Monarchy
From the list of Socialist Countries, my choice is Norway. The Government of Norway is a
Constitutional Monarchy. Norwegian economy is a mixed economy, it has a private sector, and a
considerable state sector, with a wide ranging social safety net. Key areas are contained by the
Government such as the petrol sector. There is considerable regulation and state majority owned
businesses. Norway is abounding with natural resources, hydropower, fish, forests, minerals and, of
course the petroleum industry. Their biggest export market is petroleum. Petroleum is also their
greatest piece of export payoff. Norway is the seventh greatest oil exporter. They made an enormous
off shore find in 2011. They have elected to stay out of the European Union. They are however,
affiliated with the European Economic Area, and they are big patrons of the European Union
Budget. Norway has an excess governmental budget. Their monarchial wealth treasury is valued at
over 870 billion dollars as of December of 2014. The annual use of this fund for public expenses is
around 4%. The United States has already refined business relations with Norway. The business
relationship between the United States and Norway is superior. The risk factor here would be how
stable is your company in your current market? If your company has developed a stable foundation
in the United States, then I see no risks in trading with Norway. You may have to hire an attorney
familiar with international trade,

Overview of Constitutional Monarchy in England
Constitutional Monarchy in England How did the constitutional monarchy triumph in England? The
way that the constitutional monarchy was able to succeed in England is based on: geographic
location and the power of the army. In the case of geographic location, it was more difficult for the
king to raise a large army. This is because England was protected from a number of potential threats
as an island. Over the centuries, this made it difficult for the king to raise an independent military
force outside of the nobility. Instead, he had to work aristocrats and powerful landowners to create a
military. This reduced the power of the king by forcing him to give more authority to Parliament.
They are an institution that was established to control the power of monarchy. This is significant by
showing how the king had fewer options in working with the nobility. As a result, this forced him to
share power with Parliament in order to maintain control. Once this happened, is the point that
Parliament began to exercise its authority in a number of areas. (Hirst, 1998, pp. 3 14) The power of
the army is ultimately what gave Parliament its legitimacy. This is because the king and Parliament
had been fighting for years over issues such as: taxation, the passage of laws and consultation. These
areas created animosity between the different sides, with the king attempting to dissolve Parliament.
This occurred with parliamentary supporters who believed that the power of the king must be

The Australian Constitution Essay
The Australian Constitution
Will Australia become a republic in the next twenty years? This is a difficult question to speculate
on. The main area of law governing this issue is section 128 of the Commonwealth of Australia
Constitution Act 1900 (U.K). Other issues in this debate are regarding appointment, termination and
the powers to be awarded to the proposed Head of State, and the impact the change will have on the
States. Examining the history of Australian Legislative powers, and reasons why Australians would
want to change, is also useful when speculating on this issue.
The Colonial Laws Validity Act 1865 emphasized self–government in the colonies, although
denying them the power to amend or repeal British law. (Enright ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
(Chisholm et.al 1997,p.68) There is a feeling that for Australia to be truly independent, the ties with
England would need to be severed. (Mack, K., in Corkery et.al 1998, p.34) One view would be to
simply abolish the Monarchy. (Winterton, G., in Stephenson et.al 1994, p.17) However, others might
say that our current system is already mostly Republican with the only Monarchial elements
remaining being the concentration of Royal powers in the Ministry.
(http://www.aph.gov.au/senate/general/republic.htm#aussie)
In any event, 'severing the Royal ties' is not that easy, as amendments to the Australian Constitution
Acts 1900(U.K) can only be passed in Parliament in accordance with section 128. (Chisholm et.al
1997, p.61)
Section 128 prescribes that changes can only be implemented by referendum. To hold a referendum
a Bill needs to be passed through the Commonwealth Parliament to authorize it. Once authorized, a
majority of votes, as well as a majority of States is required. This dual criterion has proven difficult
to achieve, with only eight referendums being successful since Federation. (Brown et.al 2000, p.p.
68–69 and Chisholm et.al 1997, p.64)
If a referendum is successful, the Governor–General will need to assent to the Bill to become an
Act. Moreover, since the referendum effectively abolishes the Office of the Governor–General,
alternative arrangements could be needed to be

A Unified Thai Kingdom
During the 14th century, a unified Thai kingdom was established. Today it is known as Thailand but
up until 1939 it was called Siam. It is the only Southeast Asian country that has never been under
European rule. As archaeology studies suggests, 4000 B.C. was the time period where early bronze
metallurgy centers were thriving. Metallurgy refers to the science and technology concerned with
the properties of metals and their production. This development along with the cultivation of wet
rice gave the motivation for social and political organizations to make an appearance. Also, research
suggests that these new discoveries could have been transmitted to the rest of Asia, including China.
The Thai are linguistically related to the Tai groups in Southern China because migration groups left
from China and settled in Southeast Asia. Thai's date the founding of their nation to the 13th
century. According to tradition, in 1238 the Thai chieftains overthrew the Khmer rulers and
established a Thai kingdom in its place. This kingdom soon declined and a new Thai Kingdom
emerged in 1350, the Kingdom of Ayutthaya. The first ruler of this kingdom, King Rama Thibodi,
made two very important contributions to Thai history. One was the establishment and promotion of
Buddhism as the official religion and the second one was the compilation of the Dharmashastra,
which are laws based on Hindu and traditional Thai customs. The Dharmashastra stayed as a tool of
Thai law until the late 19th century

The Economic System Of Thailand
Introduction
Thailand is located in Southeast Asia and occupies the western half of the Indochinese Peninsula
and the northern two–thirds of the Malay Peninsula. Its government is a constitutional monarchy
which is much similar to the government of the United Kingdom. The economic system of Thailand
is considered to be a mixed system with the combination of market capitalist and socialist. It is an
export–oriented country and owns a number of Asia's largest industries such as shrimp and rice. Its
economy is slowing down due to the political instability. This paper is going to demonstrate some
main aspects of Thailand including its historical and cultural background, political system, the role
of government, financial and educational sector, economy and so on.
Historical and Cultural Background; Political system
The word "Thai" has the meaning of "free", and thus Thailand means the "land of the free". Thailand
is the only Southeast Asian country that has never been taken over and colonized by a European
power throughout its 800–year history.
The Thai unified kingdom known as Siam was established in the middle of14th century. The kings
of the kingdom owned absolute power and there was no written constitution until 1932, a bloodless
revolution called 'The Revolution of 1932 ' took place, transforming the Government of Thailand
from an absolute monarchy to a constitutional monarchy. Instead of the monarch possessing
absolute power and decided everything, the prime minister

Impact Of British On India
From the 1700s to 1947, Britain recognized India as the "jewel in the crown" because India was the
most valuable colony they controlled. Indian's life quality had a big improvement under the British's
rule. Britain had built a railroad line for India making long distance trading more possible and faster.
The railroad line also brought people in different regions closer and made exchanging ideas easier.
Other important public facilities and technologies had helped India to emerge a modern economy.
India was also able to connect and learn something from the outside world. In conclusion, Britain's
construction of railroad line, bridges, telegraphic lines and canals was its most noteworthy impact on
India's economy that had pushed the modernization ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Starting form the 1800s, British helped to get rid of many old cruel laws existing. However, there
were still political issues that the British and the India didn't agree on about that caused many
conflicts. The most significant impact by British on India's politics was showed by the adoption and
the change of the government structure. Today's India government is similar with British
government because they had adopted some of their structure from the British Government. During
the British Raj, viceroy headed the government and he had the strongest power. Many British
officials were under his govern and there was also a council with appointed members. This council
acted like an imperial legislative council and was the cabinet of the Raj government
(Parliament.UK). During this period, Indians had slowly learned about how a western government
works. So after the British Raj ended, the native Indians adopted some of British government
structure and set up their own independent government, Union Government of India. In the system,
President enjoys the greatest power in India. His role was similar to the viceroy that he had all the
constitutional power. Under the President, there were Vice

What Form Of Government Does Canada Have?
What form of government does Canada have?
Canada's form of government can be described as three different levels; the federal government,
provincial and territorial governments, and municipal (local) governments. Canada also has a
Constitutional Monarchy and a Parliamentary meaning Canada recognizes Queen Elizabeth II as the
head of the state, their prime minister, Justin Trudeau, as the head of the government and the
governor general as the representation of the queen in Canada.
Define and explain this form of government
Canada's main government can be described in three different levels, the highest level is the Federal
Government. The Prime Minister is the head of the federal government (he lives in Ottawa) and the
federal government's duties consist of national and international matters. The next level is the
Provincial and Territorial Governments. These governments are lead by a premier and they have to
power to change and manage their laws and control their public lands. The lowest level of
government is the Municipal (local) governments, lead by a mayor, the municipal government runs
local cities or districts. They are in charge of things that directly relate to their town or cities or
district.
The Constitutional Monarchy and Parliamentary government means that Queen Elizabeth II is still
recognized as the queen/ head of state in Canada and she also appoints the governor general. Canada
has elections to determine who will become Members of Parliament (MPs) and the

The Constitutional Monarchy System Of Nepal
Until 1990, Nepal was ruled by an authoritarian system. Democracy was declared in 1990 however
it was constitutional monarchy system so people were not happy with this system. In 1996, Nepal
Communist Party–Maoist started civil war and ended in 2006. A decade–long civil war had 42
demands but 2 demands were noteworthy that were constituent assembly election (CA) and federal
system in Nepal. There was a peace process agreement between Maoist and government of Nepal in
2006. Constituent elections were held two times. After CA election, a new federal constitution has
been made in 2015 but it will not be functioning until new federal election is done. People have
taken it negatively and positively both side. It is said that 'the constitution is being rightly said to be
amongst the most progressive in Asia guaranteeing equal rights to lesbian, gay, bisexual and
transgender community and providing representation for the same in government mechanisms (P.
Rohit, 2015).'
In the last sixty–five years, this is the first that has been widely adopted by an elected constituent
assembly. This constitution has also made a progressive transition from being sixty years of being a
Hindu–state to a secular nation (P. Rohit, 2015). It is also the 'first constitution that moves away
from the previously unitary system to a federal nature' by setting up different provinces distributing
'legislative and executive powers between the legislative and provincial governments' (P. Rohit,
2015).

Japanese Presidential Campaign
First of all, Mrs. Candidate it is my honor to advice you for this years' presidential campaign. In
order to succeed in this campaign, it is important that you get familiar with Japan and also how their
local and international politics are structured. Before we start, let me please briefly introduce you
the structure of the Japanese government. After the World II Japan replaced their Meiji constitution
to its current Constitution in 1946. According to Maki the reason why Meiji constitution is because
as he stated "The national tragedy of a physically and spiritually devastating lost wars brought the
old constitutional order to an end." (Maki, 1990). In the new Constitution, it states that Japan shall
have a constitutional monarchy, in which the Emperor is the head of the state but serves only as the
symbol of the state with no power. (NYU, 2006). Moreover, the Japanese Government consists of
three branches including, the Executive branch, the legislative branch and the Judicial branch.
Executive power consists of the Prime Minister and other ministers who complete the Cabinet. On
the other hand, the Japanese national parliament "Diet" has the legislative power. The Diet is
comprised from both the House of Representatives and the House of Councilors. Moreover, both of
these houses are directly elected by the Japanese ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In addition, due to the fact that Japanese government is purely elected by the Japanese people, the
election plays an extremely important role in Japanese politics. In addition, in the 3rd Chapter of the
Japanese Constitution, it mentions right and duties of the people including, the right to vote, right to
freedom and speech, freedom of religion and to the equality of all and so on. Based on the 3rd
Chapter of the Constitution, it is clear to see that Japan respects its citizens and provides essential
need to them. (JPN. Const. art.

What Were The Causes Of The American Revolution Essay
1.A few of the causes of revolution include social change, political ideas from the Enlightenment,
financial problems and changes, and other revolutions. After 1750, the population in Europe
suddenly rose, resulting in inflation, and difficulty in finding affordable food and living space.The
wealthy however were thriving off of overseas trade. This caused women and children to work,
challenging traditional patriarchies. Locke and Montesquieu's ideas of powerful,"intermediary
groups" offered defense of freedom against despotism. These ideas inspired well educated middle
class men. In the 1800s, England had suffered financial problems from the 7 years war. As a result,
it imposed taxes on the colonies, which rejected them due to the suddenness of the British's
restrictions caused American Revolution. French mercenaries that fought against Britain in America
were inspired by the revolution there and wanted to revolt back in France as a consequence.
2.The third estate went to meet at Versailles because they were upset that each estate got one vote
despite the majority of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The slave revolt ignited warfare across Saint Domingue, making it easier for Great Britain and Spain
to blockade and capture French territory for their own profit. To gain their territory back, France
emancipated all slaves in 1794.Toussaint L'Ouverture, a freed slave switched from the Spanish side
to the French with political/ military skills and 4,000 other men. He helped France regain control of
the territory by 1796 and was named the commander of the Western side of Saint–Domingue.
Tensions between him and Andre Rigaud, another general who had set up his own government on
the southern peninsula, rose and eventually civil war broke out. L'Ouverture won control of the
island only for Napoleon to deport him to France. Jean Jacques Dessalines then united the remaining
resistance and defeated French forces. He declared independence from France in 1804, creating the
new sovereign nation of

England Research Paper
England
England is the biggest country that is part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern
Ireland. The country of England has a history that is riddled by plagues, ruled by monarchs, and
devastated by two World Wars. Despite these hardships, England also contains a rich history of
culture and beauty.
England was formed by multiple invasions and immigrants from many different countries. Some of
these include the Romans, Vikings, Anglos–Saxons and Celts. England was established as an
country in 1536, but has an ancient history dating back to more than 800,000 years. England is
known for its prehistoric monument in Wiltshire called Stonehenge. Stonehenge is a ring of standing
stones that are believed to be built between 3000BC –2000BC of the Neolithic and Bronze Age. In
43 AD the Roman Empire began to invade and conquer England. The Romans ruled over England
until the 5th century. The Romans built about 10,000 miles of road during their 400 year reign. After
the end of the Roman rule came the people known as the Anglo–Saxons. They established many
kingdoms and introduced the Old English Language. Vikings also began to invade and settle into
England after 800 AD. During this time the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Boxing Day started about 800 years ago in the medieval times. Boxing day is celebrated the day
after Christmas, December 26th. Traditionally it was a day when alms boxes were opened and the
stuff inside of them were given to the poor. The alms boxes were made of wood or clay. During the
late 18th century it became a time when the wealthy Lords and Ladies would box up their leftover
food and presents and hand them out to their poorly paid workers. Today Boxing Day is an national
Bank holiday where people spend time with friends and family. They watch sports such as football
and horse racing or sometimes participate in crazy activities such as swimming in the freezing water
of the English

Dominican Republic : The Island Of The Country
Dominican Republic was formally known as the island of "Hispaniola" named by Christopher
Columbus. The mountainous country currently shares itself with Haiti. On February 27th, 1844,
Dominican Republic gained independence from war against Haiti. Although the country has faced
many hardships from the incoming decades, the country has survived.
The country is located between the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, and east of Haiti.
The capital city of Santo Domingo is located along the southern coast of the country. The climate
has seasonal variation in rainfall as well as temperature variation. The natural resources of the island
include ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
(Encyclopedia.com) The current president Danilo Medina had separate powers into 3 branches in
2010.
The economy of Dominican Republic has risen 7.4% since 2016. The economy of the Dominican
Republic is based off agriculture, with sugar, coffee and tobacco. Unemployment rates went up to
26% and inflation reached 37.5% after 2 hurricanes hit the island in 1979 but the country recovered.
Tourism remains important industries and helps build the country.
A major domestic issue that face the country is education. According to a recent study in the country
only 1.3 billion dollars is spent on education which is only 2.4 percent. In other countries they spend
more than 5 percent. Protesting the funding by the government has sparked controversy. On every
fourth day of the month at 4 pm supporters of the protest are asked to war yellow and standout
outside of various point of the country and listen to assemblies. Protesters may even walk to the
National Palace to further protest their reason. One supporter, Diomedes Mercedes, an attorney, has
said, "We here to demand that the government comply with the law of spending four percent of the
gross national product on education." "So on the fourth of each month, at four p.m., we are

Governing Methodologies: The Philosophy of Juche or...
Which governing methodology is the most scrupulous and lawful? A number of countries claim that
they have the answer to this question, but quite frankly there are way too many philosophies and
concepts for one to confidently declare that he or she possesses the key. Is it capitalism or
communism or Marxism or a dictatorship, which one way of governing is the most benevolent yet
firm? Comparing countries like Australia and North Korea they seem to be almost identical in terms
of their governing philosophy, on the surface they both seem to exercise democracy yet on a deeper
level a different supposition may be extracted.
In august 1945 Korea was divided across the 38th parallel dividing the nation into two North and
South Korea. In 1948 the workers party of Korea started a communist government in North Korea
known as the democratic people's republic of Korea. The philosophy of Juche or self–reliance is the
framework of the democratic people's republic of Korea. In all actuality, North Korea functions as a
single party state ruled by an absolute monarch. Today kim ll– sung is the head of north korea.
North Korea's political system is based on centralization which means that the concentration of
control or power is given to a small number of individuals. Even though the constitution guarantees
the protection of human rights, a limit is placed on freedom of expression and also the government
keeps a close eye on people's lives. The constitution defines it as the dictatorship of

The British Government : Constitutional Monarchy
The current British government is a constitutional monarchy, where the monarch is the Head of
State, but only Parliament has the ability to make laws. This distribution of power originated during
the reign of the Stuarts. While absolute monarchs ruled the rest of Europe, the English Parliament
slowly forced the kings and queens to relinquish much of their power. However, limits on the power
of the monarchy were in place far before the Stuart dynasty. In 1215, King John signed the Magna
Carta and agreed to consult the Great Council, which later became Parliament, before raising taxes,
effectively giving Parliament the power of the purse. The conditions of the Magna Carta came into
conflict during the Stuart monarchy. Before the Stuarts, the Tudor family had good relations with
Parliament. When Henry VIII wanted to break away from the Catholic Church, Parliament passed
the Act of Supremacy and because of the many wars, he had to consult Parliament regularly to raise
taxes. After the Tudors, there were six Stuart monarchs, reigning from 1603 to 1714. James I did not
associate well with Parliament, unlike his Tudor predecessors. James, like many absolute rulers at
the time, believed he had a God given divine right to rule and thus did not appreciate Parliament's
role in his government. James and Parliament were in constant conflict over taxes and who had the
right to levy them. Parliament passed the Great Protestation, declaring it had freedom of speech and
superiority in

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