Example Of Cognitive Primitive Generalization

Example Of Cognitive Primitive Generalization
1.) Leslie, inclined on to the fact that cognitive primitive generalizations are the best way out to deal with the menace of prejudiced nature of human
being. She supports her goal with some defined instances in our daily routine of life and we encounter them as DГ©jГ vu; and do not think upon it
why we are doing so, most probably they are running likewise from our very childhood and we learnt it in the same way as we are learning today.
Prejudiced behavior have a several negative causes. Prejudiced behavior is the essence of few negative stereotypes that lead a negative shadow
imprinted.
She is not trying to justify prejudiced even she is trying to remove the already built such views. No, she is not trying to assert that political, economic ...
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They can be weak or strong argument,
Cognitive primitive generalization–: it is a prejudiced behavior basis on the facts that's already experienced by people in past.
According to the author, cognitive primitive generalization is not bound to any psychological, political, economic facts but are derived from the
prejudiced behavior.
Author says the prejudiced behavior that we inherit from my childhood could only be cease when it is combat by cognitive primitive generalization.
For example "black are rapist" is based on the racial discrimination and so does fulfil the prejudiced judgement.
4.) Striking property generalization is a subclass of generic generalization, and is prominent part of it to understand the concept of generic
generalization. Striking property is a sudden jump at the conclusion on the basis of a single negative fact that could lead a huge disaster if happened.
Striking property is a psychological claim of a generalization that "tigers eat human" this is strikingly asserted whether it is true or not or may be true
till some extent but due to the huge aftermath it is stated as a generalization. Generalizations are true to some extent but not for each
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Example Of A Fallacy Essay
1. A fallacy I found in the first paragraph is Red herring because there was a shift from "Dating is a very recent phenomenon in world history" to a
discussion of how women were chaperoned with strict rules to follow (pg, 144). The second paragraph, I found the fallacy Hasty generalization:
"Today these young women want the freedoms that we won..." this is a generalization that is unrepresentative of the targeted population (pg, 144). For
the third paragraph, I found the fallacy Straw man – the author creates and then attack young feminists, "they come from a protected, white,
middle–class world" and attacks with "these other women are nice, genteel, sexually repressed white girls coming out of pampered homes, and when
they arrive at college ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Author Paglia sets a bar stating, "Today these young women want the freedoms that we won," and puts down the young women with, "they don't want
to acknowledge the risk" (pg, 144).
Hasty Generalization: This citation was used for Straw Man and it falls under this fallacy too, "Today these young women want the freedoms that we
won..." this is a generalization that is unrepresentative of the targeted population (pg, 144). "These young feminists today are deluded" attacks targeted
populations, which are the young feminists. Below there are many Hasty generalizations found in the third paragraph:
"They come from protected, white, middle–class world, and they expect everything to be safe. Notice how it's rarely black or Hispanic women who
are making a fuss about this in the media or on campus–they come from cultures that are fully sexual, and they are fully realistic about the dangers of
life. But many of these other women are nice, genteel, sexually repressed white girls coming out of pampered homes, and when they arrive at college
and suddenly hit raw male lust, the go, "Oh, no!" (pg,

The Over-Generalization Of Atheists
onemarketwoyou: I think that it is an over–generalization to say that the biggest mass murderers of history were atheists. (BTW, saying
mass–murderers, savages, or the like implies that those people were defeated; however, people who killed millions of people and were winners of
conflict often implies that they were heroes and victorious, etc. Point of reference, the genocide of Native Americans during the 1800s in the U.S., the
killing of 40% of Ireland's chiefly Catholic population by Oliver Cromwell's Puritan conquest of Ireland in the 1600s, etc.) To say that atheists have a
proclivity for destroying others would infer that atheists would have a unifying belief; by definition, this is not atheism. Off point, some atheists
believe that

Rice Paddies And Bologn Malcom Gladwell's Broad...
Rice Paddies and Bologna: Gladwell's Broad Generalizations of Success
In Malcom Gladwell's Outliers, Gladwell defines success as hidden advantages and "social predestination" as stated by critic Michiko Kakutani.
Kakutani argues that Gladwell's hypotheses are not cohesive and are selective to support his idea. I concur with Kakutani. Gladwell does not provide
adequate examples and counterarguments to give his theory a concrete foundation. This creates a very unconvincing argument. Gladwell asserts that
success comes from factors and advantages that are mostly overlooked such as birth dates and cultural backgrounds; however, his ideas are loosely
based, overly generalized, and unreliable.
Now, with technology advancing at the same rate as society matures and changes, success is a concept that can be different to many different groups
of people. Gladwell insists that success is formulated through a series of hidden advantages and cultural legacies that are fixed, therefore that's why
many do not become successful. I simply do not feel that is the case. Success is achieved through ambition and hard work that is instilled in you.
Anyone has the power to take matters into their own hands and create their own success.
Gladwell used many anecdotes and stories to push his hypotheses. An example would be the two chapters titled "The Trouble with Geniuses Part One
and The Trouble With Geniuses Part Two". In these chapters, Gladwell introduces Chris Langan, a man with an IQ higher

Execution of Project Through Generalization and...
Introduction:
Execution of the project:
Execution of the project (implementation phase of the project) proceeds on correct lines, the data to be collected would be adequate and dependable.
The researcher should see that the project is executed in a systematic manner and in time. If the survey is to be conducted by structured questionnaires,
data can be readily machine–processed. In such situation, questions as well as the possible answers may be coded. If the data are to be collected
through interviewers, arrangements should be made for proper selection and training of the interviewers. Steps should be taken to ensure that the
survey is under statistical control, so that the collected information is in accordance with the pre–defined ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
A high budget research project might take a smaller sample from every school in the country; a lower budget operation may have to concentrate upon
one city or even a single school.
The key to generalization is to understand how much your results can be applied backwards to represent the group of children, as a whole. The first
example, using every school, would be a strong representation, because the range and number of samples is high. Testing one school makes
generalization difficult and affects the external validity.
You might find that the individual school tested generates better results for children using that particular educational program.
However, a school in the next town might contain children who do not like the system. The students may be from a completely different
socioeconomic background or culture. Critics of your results will pounce upon such discrepancies and question your entire experimental design.
Most statistical tests contain an inbuilt mechanism to take into account sample sizes with larger groups and numbers, leading to results that are more
significant.
The problem is that they cannot distinguish the validity of the results, and determine whether your generalization systems are correct. This is
something that must be taken into account when generating a hypothesis and designing the experiment.
The other option, if the sample groups are small, is to use proximal similarity and restrict your generalization.

A Job Opening For A Revenue Cycle Management Company
In reviewing a job opening for a Director of Patient Access for a revenue cycle management company; the job posting qualifications includes the
ability to write clearly, create persuasive messages, excellent speaking skills, as well as the ability to analyse data. Any time a profession requires
written communication, writing skills become important. Business documents are often read in a hurry, and usually only intended to persuade others.
Organization, style and editing of your document before sharing are important.Persuasion is trying to influence someone's actions, opinions, or
decisions. If you are able to explain what is in it for your audience, explain the what, why and how, while being believable and sincere, you should have
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A decision making style must be determined. The group must determine how decisions will be made, whether by the leader, group input or majority
vote. It is important to set these guidelines at the beginning of a project collaboration. A detailed plan is important for the success of the project.
Create a document that lays out the project's goal and the plan for achieving it. The plan should include assignments of tasks and deadlines. It is
important to have a mechanism in place for resolving any conflicts with the team members. Have a plan for dealing with interpersonal conflicts as
well as a way to evaluate each team member's contribution to the project. It is important that all team members contribute to the goals of the project.
Consistency in a written document by multiple people can be challenging. It is important to develop a "style sheet" to be used by the team at the
beginning of the collaboration. This will ensure every writer is using the same typefaces, fonts, and headings. All members of the team should have a
copy of the style sheet. A style sheet ensures that the look is consistent across all documents in an organization. My belief is that distortion is in the eye
of the beholder. My opinion of the distortion will determine whether or not I agree with the conclusion. There are multiple sources of distortions.
According to The American Society for Aesthetic Plastic Surgery they have determined a study with questionable

Essay on The media perpetrating negative stereotypes of...
For as long as anyone can remember the battle between youths and older generations has been fuelled by the media..."playgrounds have been turned
into battlegrounds" and words are now a lethal weapon. It is a binary opposition which has been taken to extraordinary levels and waged a war
between adolescents and adults.
The media has taken the stereotype of youths, the way the public view youths and the way in which youths view themselves, and exploited the idea,
turning it into nothing, but a delusional monster. The youths of society are tomorrow's future leaders, inventors and scientists, eager to learn and
offering new perspectives. The media however, has hijacked the appearance of teenagers, constructing a distorted idea, and warping ... Show more
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The writer, with supported arguments from faceless "experts", continuously refers to society's teens as fast approaching their ill–fated future, where it
seems that in one way or another, a massacre will be the end result from a generation exuding violence. To state the prospect of an impending
massacre, similar to those from across the globe is a colossal leap from the truth; the writer, uses this anomaly and warps it into an unrealistic "truth",
and in doing so has implanted a seed of fear and apprehension in the audience's minds, evoking a sense of security, justice and safety. It is this fear
which cultivates the aggression and negative attitudes towards youths, and the attribute with which the media abuses to gain control of their audience
and influence societal beliefs.
The article goes on to state that in youth culture violence and criminal activity is beginning at a younger age; this so–called "evidence" is based on the
actions of ONE child, and to generalise an entire population based on the idiotic actions of one completely distorts the truth and is grossly unfair. The
profuse use of the description "thug" and criminal–like terminology throughout the entire article portrays ALL teenagers as dangerous criminals who
uphold "gangster" traits; this description is then furthered by the verification of "experts", with absolutely no indication of statistical proof. This
so–called "truth" yet again fails to address all points fairly, and

Actor-Centered Generalization
Adopting the actor–oriented perspective, Ellis (2007) developed a student–centered generalization taxonomy to describe the different types of
generalizations that students create when reasoning abstractly. The taxonomy distinguishes between students' generalizing actions and the product of
generalizing (i.e. reflection generalizations). Generalizing actions include relating, searching and extending. When relating, students form an
association between two or more problems, situations, ideas, or mathematical objects by recalling a prior situation, inventing a new one, or focusing on
similar properties or forms of mathematical objects. When searching, students engage in a repeated mathematical action, such as calculating a ratio, to
find an invariance

Tim Kreider The Busy Trap Analysis
Present–day American society is fast–paced and constantly moving forward. With so many things to do in such little time, busyness and stress seem
to take over our lives. In "The 'Busy Trap,'" Tim Kreider's position as to why the audience should strive to avoid busyness is very well thought out,
however, some of the points in the essay have faulty reasoning.
This essay presents the argument that instead of keeping a busy life, we should live a carefree and relaxed life instead. The busyness that
overtakes our lives often comes subconsciously, which we submit to, without even realizing it ourselves. This supports Kreider's claims that
busyness is a "trap". He also points out that once it has begun to overtake our lives, we begin to accept it and are led to believe that there is no way
to avoid it. Once we start to believe that busyness is an unavoidable part of life, then we fall into the "busy trap." The author also encourages the
audience to avoid a busy lifestyle giving several reasons why a relaxed lifestyle is more ideal. The author also challenges the audience to avoid
busyness and to strive towards a less stressful lifestyle.
According to the author, people are "...busy because of their own ambition, drive, or anxiety, because they are addicted to busyness and dread what
they might have to face in its absence" (Kreider 982). Kreider has taken a position that rejects anyone with a busy life. This generalization gives his
readers a negative misconception that people with busy lives are responsible for their own daily stress. This is an example of Ad Hominem. Ad
Hominem is used when "personal attacks on those who support a position" are used, as opposed to creating counterarguments based on principle
(Lunsford 400). By accusing busy people of being "addicted to busyness" (Kreider 985), he targets busy people individually through his claim that they
are to blame for any stress and anxiety that may be caused by overwhelming busyness.
The author also insinuates that modern–day society supports busyness and most Americans have inserted themselves into this pattern, "if only by our
own acquiescence" (Kreider 983). The author argues that busyness "is something we collectively force one another to do" (Kreider

Analysis Of The Horizontal Word By Debra Marquart
In The Horizontal Word written by Debra Marquart was a memoir to North Dakota and the Midwest where she states "The Midwest is a place that's
been considered devoid of stories, a flyover region one must endure to get to more interesting places"(Marquart 31). In her memoir to North Dakota as
well as the Midwest, she given in–depth example of stereotypes and views of that many Americans believed surrounding the Midwest. Then Marquart
also gives a description of the Midwest history and even our ancestors overlooked the MidWest as they declared the region "a dreary plain, wholly
unfit for 40 cultivation," and, of course, "uninhabitable by a people depending upon agriculture for subsistence"(Marquart 39). Debra Marquart
expands off this idea as her Grandparents that were immigrants from Russia saw this as a new opportunity of life as they were excited to receive their
"allotments of land"(Marquart 73). In Debra Marquart's memoir, The Horizontal Word, she utilizes hasty generalizations to outline the stereotypes of
the Midwest she also incorporates allusions to give outsiders a clear picture of this portion of the country. describe the Midwest. Marquart incorporates
hasty generalizations in her memoir to display the views that Americans have surrounding the MidWest. Marquart states "where all the women are
strong, all the men are good–looking, and all the children are above average"(Marquart 27). She is utilizing hasty generalizations to display the
stereotypes that surround the

Hasty Generalization
The use of the Internet has become increasingly popular in everyday activities of many Americans. The convenience and wealth of information at hand
makes it a practical tool for managing day–to–day activities, communicating and staying in touch with friends, shopping, and many other activities.
Deborah Fallows wrote an article, The Internet and Daily Life, based on a survey and research conducted through the Pew Research Center. Fallows
indicated in the article that "88% of online Americans say the Internet plays a role in their daily routines. The activities they identified as most
significant are communicating with family and friends and finding a wealth of information at their fingertips." She also concluded from the survey that
"64% of Internet users say their daily routines and activities would be ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Russell's review indicated that Shirky's hasty generalizations resulted in broad conclusions representing himself and/or a small minority of techie
people who use the Internet daily. Russell pointed this out as Shirky noted, "When the general public began using digital networks, the idea that
everyone would contribute something to the public sphere was assumed to be contradictory to nature." Russell felt that Shirky's statement was more
indicative of himself rather than the general public. What evidence did he have to support the claim? Additionally, Russell did not feel that
collaboration through Internet use resulted in a significant change for society. Russell noted, "The last time I checked we still have to go to work
every day and despite some momentary upheavals, the Internet has become one more way for savvy large corporations to make money." Russell did
conceptualize the point that the Internet was beneficial but that it did not impact society in ways that Shirky

Training for Parents of Children with Disabilities
Parents play a significant role in the lives of all children but more specifically, of those children with disabilities. The participation of the parents and
the degree of acceptance of the presence of a disability, determines most of the outcomes when the child is ready for an independent life. The law
requires that school districts offer support to parents of children with disabilities. By offering In Home Training, school districts' staff provides specific
skill training to parents in need of other alternatives to manage and cope with the effects of their child's disability. However, training is not the solution
for this, as active parental involvement is. Parents that take a stand accept their reality and are ready to do something about it, are more likely to be
successful by learning strategies that will help the child generalize behaviors that are more socially appropriate.
Parental involvement is the most important part of the equation. Legislation is clear to mandate the involvement of school and home as a partnership
that will benefit not only the child, but everyone involved in the household and school. Dettmer, Thurston, Knackendoffel and Dyck (2009) cite the
Education for All Handicapped Children Act of 1975 as one of the legal pieces that "prescribe several rights for families of children with disabilities."
Many other legal pieces address parental participation in the decision making process and all services provided to children. According to No Child

What Is 11-Month-Old Child
"Mommy, you are always on your computer!"
Is it true that my children observe my passion for technology? Yes, it is correct. However, are they accurate to conclude that using my electronic
device consumes the 24 hours of my day? No, they are not. The generalizing term, always, omits my other interests, responsibilities, and ways of living.
Therefore, I often coach my children to know the importance of several generalizing terms (all, none, everyone, never, always), but to not allow those
terms to exhaustively classify people or things into a broad statement.
This same concept of generalizations, that I choose to focus on, impacts the analysis of human development. For instance, research and theory that
came from the middle–class communities ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
That tunnel vision becomes emblematic of a larger problem, that a select group of people have the solution to gauging development. As a result, how
can I avoid the same mishap as the Indians invited in 1744 by the commissioners from Virginia to send boys to William and Mary College (Rogoff,
2003, p. 22)? While the children received education in that climate, upon their return to their region, their new acquisition of book smart was
inadequate for what they needed to survive. It makes me question the value of education. Furthermore, it cautions me to avoid placing my doctrine of
education upon my students, with no consideration of culture and environment, to the point where what they receive in the classroom has no weight in
their real

Summary Of The Fallacies In Camille Paglia's On Date Rape
In current days, date rape is an obvious risk for modern women. The criminal cases with regard to date rape and robbery are not unusual. In this
context, many sociologists, researchers, and even police are warning young females to pay attention to personal safety when going for a party or
having a date at night. However, in spite of these good–willed and well–intentioned warnings, there are also some comments and opinions putting
forward advices on protecting personal safety for young girls based on the false ground, making their ideas lack of reason and reliability. The
editorial, On Date Rape, written by Camille Paglia, is one of these opinions with obvious fallacies and weaknesses in reasoning. There are three most
clear fallacies in this article.
The first fallacy is Hasty Generalization. This kind of fallacy leads writers to generalizing from a sample that is too small or in some other way
unrepresentative of the target population. In the third paragraph, the author argues today's young feminists are from protected, white, middle class
world and they can only say "no" when danger happens, in the meantime, the author also states black or Hispanic women understand the dangers
because they come from full sexual culture. What's more, in the paragraph two, the author considers females who enjoy the freedom do not
acknowledge the risks. Indeed, it is undeniable that there are some women expecting others to be kind and no knowing the risks they may face due to the

Examples Of Hasty Generalization
I.Pick three of these fallacies and write an example of each one. 1.Hasty Generalization: "I've met two individuals in Viet Nam in this way, and they
were both pleasant to me. Thus, all individuals I will meet in Viet Nam will be decent to me." In any Hasty Generalization the key blunder is to
overestimate the quality of a contention that depends on too little a specimen for the suggested certainty level or mistake edge. In this contention about
Viet Nam, utilizing "all" in the conclusion suggests zero blunder edge. With zero blunder edge you'd have to test each and every individual in Viet
Nam, not only two individuals. 2.Post hoc ergo propter hoc: "I ate in that Vietnamese restaurant three days prior and now I've recently gotten sustenance
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It is ideal to speak to some space expert or geologist. A TV ad that gives you a testimonial from a well–known film star who wears a Rolex watch and
that proposes you, as well, ought to wear that brand of watch is utilizing a deceptive engage power. The film star is a power on the proper
behavior, not on which watch is best for you. II.Discuss the influence of literature on my life 1.What was your favorite novel in high school?
Why? When I was in Viet Nam, my most loved books were The Harry Potter Series since they took my creative ability to another level. The Harry
Potter universe is not that unrealistic. The story begins from our "muggle" world and the reader gradually gets acquainted with this shrouded
mysterious world that us "muggles" can't see since we're no wizards. In the books, the supernatural world exists right by our own. It makes the
reader trust we really could live in a universe like that. I may say that I live in a dreamland. 2.How often do you read for pleasure now? Practically
every minute on the web is perusing for delight, I don't feel the reading skills enhance any not as much as reading a book, the substance however is an
alternate story. And, I used to burn through 2 or 3 hours for the Internet

What Are Stereotypes? Essay
Stereotypes are assumptions held about the characteristics of a particular group of people. These assumptions could be due to their race, culture,
country, community and religion. Women are not as smart as men. Men are strong and do all the work. Americans are tolerant but arrogant. Girls
are not good at sports. Black people are stronger than white people. Black people are criminals. Old folks are all very old fashioned. All blond
women are dumb. Guys are messy and unclean. Girls are only concerned about physical appearance. Women always talk too much on the phone. All
Blacks are lazy. Women are bad drivers. Muslims are terrorists. These are some famous stereotypes representing some commonly held conventional
beliefs about... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Clearly, there is no logic behind this stereotype. For example, if we look in the history, most of the attacks like 9/11 are done by Muslims, so it is
assumed that all Muslims are terrorists. Although it is true that Muslims are involved in many attacks, but there are some people behind all this who
try to create violence in the name of religion and who make them do this, while Islam is not about all this. These are just some violent people who
try to do bad things in the name of religion. These violent people exist in every religion. Due to bad act of few people, we cannot say that all Muslims
are terrorists.
Another reason for the existence of stereotypes is hasty generalizations. The concept of hasty generalization is in close proximity with stereotypical
generalizations. Hasty generalization is based on insufficient evidence–drawing a conclusion about a population based on a sample that is not large
enough. For example, if someone is driving the car and a woman cut him off on the freeway and that person establishes the reason that "All women
are bad drivers". So, this type of assumption that the reason for her bad driving is her gender is a stereotype. Men can also be bad drivers. It is
always thought that women are inferior to men when it comes to driving, but why? Just because they are easily distracted? Scared to go fast? Never
mind the fact that women are most often responsible for getting all the family

Dual Perspective Analysis
1.Something I learned in this course is that I always seem to find myself in dual perspective. I actually did not know there was even a word for this,
because as the textbook stated is appears to be innate in humans. However, I have encountered others who think with a closed mind or egocentrically
and I find it to be very damaging to their interpersonal relationships, and a drag of someone to talk to. When I engage in dual perspective I am
learning from my point of view, but also from someone else's point of view. They too are showing me how and why to understand something in a
different light.
2.I noticed that I use an identity script when I talk too! I had thought about this concept prior, but I had not viewed it as an identity script. ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
When using generalizations in discussion with one another I do believe it gives us both many opportunities and many limitations. One opportunity is
that we can use generalizations in conversation with the generalized other and with the particular other. When communicating with the particular other
I find myself questioning generalizations much more often because I care and it is my job as a loved one to make sure I am communicating
effectively, and that is hard to do using generalizations. However, at the same time we can have a subjective or unclear conversation and still fill
fulfilled from the conversation in some aspect because we got to interact with one another. When communicating with the generalized other, we can use
generalizations just to start or keep the conversation going. Another benefit to generalizations is that you can find almost anybody to talk to, given you
know them somewhat, and form a better relationship through conversation. This may be stereotyping, but I feel as if that is how we identify who we
may become interested in or become friends with. However, generalizations do have their limitations. When we generalize someone else's
communication we are not getting the full story and that can lead to misunderstandings in future conversations and even misunderstandings of who they
are. Moreover, our culture, race, gender, sexual orientation, socioeconomic class and so forth determine much of whom we are and what our thought
process and communication style is like. So when we are talking to someone of a different background we may be using these instant generalizations,
but shouldn't because this is an opportunity to learn from and understand one another. Generalizations assume that we all think and communicate the
same way and that is very much false and the less we generalize the more we learn about the world around

Generalization Of The Puritans
"It will pay us to keep an open mind to the possibilities that we have been seriously mislead regarding the Puritans." That being said, it is obvious to
anyone who has a genuine understanding of the Puritans, to know that they were not a group of individuals who opposed sex, education, and money. In
fact, they relied heavily on their individual liberates. Despite the fact that, it is generally accepted by most, that the Puritans were an inundating society.
This is merely a hasty generalization. That being said, Leland Ryken does an outstanding job of explaining the Puritan's true motives during their
duration in history. Regardless of how outsiders viewed and treated the Puritans, they accomplished remarkable deeds and did not stray from their ...
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This is a misconception. Why did people think that the Puritans main objective was for financial wealth? Well, the Puritans constant endorsements
of money and property helped bring people to this inaccurate conclusion. However, regardless of what people thought, the only reason they saw
money as such a good thing is because it was viewed as a gift from God. Therefore, spiritual relationship with God was the most important factor to
the Puritan's, not money and personal property. Nevertheless, the Puritan's had a different outlook on money and material goods, as a hole, than any
other domination. In fact, they viewed the idea wealth and prosperity as potentially dangerous to one spiritual health. For example, one source
stated that, financial wealth makes it more difficult for a person to become saved by God. That being said, the Puritan's did believe that money was
socially acceptable. To better elaborate, money was not considered to be a worldly possession to these people, but prosperity for everyone a part of
society. An example of how the Puritan's might use their money to better the community would be by donating finances to a charitable group in need.
All in all, the Puritan's were not obsessed with financial greed; they were blessing others with their money, as God blessed them. Many people view
the Puritan's hard work

The Five Generalizations Essay
Adrian Medina
Module 2
FIN400 – Analyzing Financial Statements
CSU – Global
Dr. Osman Masahudu
The five generalizations that I believe are from the findings in the case study "The Dangerous Morality of Managing Earnings" go back to the code
of ethics that the SEC has set in place. The first is "Honest and ethical conduct," (Gibson, C.H. 2011) which a lot of the managers showed that they
were not honest by doing what they felt necessary to show a positive bottom line. The second generalization is the "full, fair, accurate, timely, and
understandable disclosure in reports and documents that a company files," (Gibson, C.H. 2011). By doing whatever it takes to try and improve the short
term the managers are not truly being truthful ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
"Ethical decision–making is deeply rooted in cultural values. Cultural norms concerning what is "right" and "wrong," "acceptable" and "unacceptable,"
"good" and "bad", and "important" and "unimportant" shape one's beliefs regarding the world around us, including the business environment," (Geiger,
M.A., Quirvan, C. & Hazera, A. 2007). Management's ability to manage the earnings in the long run is that they will not have any earnings in the
long run if the type of manipulation that is going keeps occurring. The quote from one of the examples, "On accounting manipulations, a profit
center controller reported: Accounting is grey. Very little is absolute...You can save your company by doing things with sales and expenses, and, if
it's legal, then you are justified in doing it," (Gibson, C.H. 2011). This speaks volumes that these type of people don't care about the true bottom
line all they care about is finding a way to manipulate it. In the long term you will effect everything what you do in the short term. The other
example would be the following: "Last year we called our customers and asked if they could take early delivery. We generated an extra $300,000 in
sales at the last minute. We were scratching for everything. We made our plans, but we cleaned out our backlog and started in the hole this year. We
missed our first quarter sales plan. Will catch up by the end of the second quarter," (Gibson, C.H. 2011). This shows that if you change that

Stimulus Generalization
Chapter 6 1. Being able to know the difference between two things and tear them apart from each other is?(Pg 156) A. Acquisition B. Stimulus
discrimination C. Extinction D. Stimulus generalization 2. Which example would be a punishment? (Pg 159) A. Giving a kid a dollar for every A
they make on their report card. B. Sears adding reward points every time you buy something from there. C. Spanking a child when they do something
bad. D. Giving a dog a treat when they do something good. 3. Stimulus generalization is when?(Pg 156) A. You can tear two things apart from each
other. B. Anything similar to a one stimulus gets the same response as the other stimulus. C. Adding a reward to enforce a behavior. D. Removing
something to decrease the

Autism Research Methods
Topic In the article, Assessing Stimulus Control and Promoting Generalization via Video Modeling when Teaching Social Responses to Children With
Autism (Jones, Lerman, and Lechago 2014), different methods and their generalization for teaching children with autism social responses are assessed.
The authors (Jones, Lerman, and Lechago, 2014) were interested in whether or not children's learned proper social responses with adults would also
generalize to children responding appropriately to their peers. This should be the goal, they claim (2014). All these different methods such as
play–scripting, reinforcement, and video–modeling should promote peer relationships through learning better social behavior with adults. They also
wanted to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Main Ideas The main idea of the article was to help children with autism develop better social behavior so that they could in turn develop better
relationships with their peers. This study was designed to assess and hopefully narrow down the methods that could best bring about this outcome. The
authors' argument (Jones, Lerman, and Lechago 2014) was that the method of video–modeling, or having the participants view a video of a
similar–aged child acting out the targeted social behavior, was the most effective method of promoting generalized social skills. A second, underlying
argument of theirs' was the idea that if the children's learned social behavior didn't translate from adults to their peers, it is ultimately unhelpful for that
child. While these ideas are presented clearly, their results were not. The authors' were not able to fully control many variables in the study (things like
the adults and peers past interactions with the participants) and as such, indicated the need for more studies to be conducted to validate their findings
(Jones, Lerman, and Lechago, pg 49, 2014).
Reflection
Jones, Lerman, and Lechago's conclusion seems to be supported by their results (2014). However, though the study was conducted well under the
circumstances, the pool of participants was small (2014). The study also had several limitations, like being conducted at a center focused on behavior
therapy (2014). Hopefully, this study

Bed And Breakfast In The Loony Bin By Monte Bute
Have you ever taken an instant dislike to someone that remains even after you actually get to know the person? First impressions are important. Much
of what we perceive about an individual is determined within moments of our earliest meeting. Is this person friendly? Are they trustworthy? Would
they be a fit for my business, group of friends, or organization? We generalize based on experiences in order to make decisions in new situations, and
those generalizations create impressions that can last a lifetime. However, if we "end up making irrationally based value judgments about people
before we have an opportunity to know them as individuals" (Charon 2004:23) we have fallen into the trap of stereotyping. Humans make these types
of judgments... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
When making an initial diagnosis, it is common to generalize a set of symptoms, and psychiatric personnel could view an unorthodox personality as
the patient suffering from personality changes due to the neurological event. The problem occurs when the psychiatrist forcibly treats Mr. Bute rather
than verify that this was a personality change or a psychiatric deviation for the individual by consulting with his wife and others who know him. The
psychiatric staff in this instance was guilty of stereotyping rather than generalizing in that, rather than checking that their assumptions were accurate,
they presumed all evidence clearly supported their diagnosis. Bute was eventually discharged from the hospital and went on to teach a class that
evening. However, what would happen to someone without Bute's resources once labeled "insane"? The issue presented in David L. Rosenhan's "On
Being Sane in Insane Places" is that once someone is labeled "insane" is it possible to prove that they actually are sane. The article details the
experience of sane individuals who had themselves committed to various institutions in order to ascertain if the staff would be able to determine that
they were indeed

What Pit Bulls Can Teach Us About Profiling
For most of my awkward teenage years my classmates were afraid to tell me dumb blonde jokes. When I asked why they were unwilling to share
their joke, their eyes would go straight to my hair, implying that I was the dumb blonde. This was the first time I had to question one of the most
trivial jokes as if it was a reflection of myself and my mind. It was as if my peers believed my hair color measured the amount of intelligence I
possessed. To generalize is "to make something more widespread or common" (Dictionary). Society had made a generalization about my hair color and
now I was experiencing the consequences. Malcolm Gladwell, a writer for The New Yorker wrote the essay "Troublemaker; What Pit Bulls can teach
us about profiling". He comments on society's habit to veer into the territory of generalizations and stereotypes. Utilizing examples such as pit bulls,
Muslims as terrorists, and the New YorkPolice Department, to convey his point. He first structures his essay by agreeing with the judgment of banning
pit bulls. Unexpectedly, he takes a turn and declares that it is not the pit bulls that are the problem, but societies assumptions about the breed. His
central thesis revolves around the consequences of over– generalization in a society. He embodies this point with the quote, "It doesn't work to
generalize about a relationship between a category and a trait when that relationship isn't stable" (Gladwell 4). This claim is backed up through the use
of statistics and

Logical Fallacies Summary and Application Essay
Logical Fallacies Summary and Application
What do you see when you look at Begging the Question, Hasty Generalization, and Appealing to Emotion? When you initially look at these three
categories they may not seem to have too much in common. However, when you look deeper you will see that in fact, they are all different types of
logical fallacies. Logical fallacies are errors of reasoning, errors that may be recognized and corrected by prudent thinkers (Downes, 1995). The
following quote helps explain why logic is important to us in today's society. "Logic is not everything. But it is something–something which can be
taught, something which can be learned, something which can help us in some degree to think more sensibly about the ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Small samples will tend to be unrepresentative. The general idea is that small samples are less likely to contain numbers proportional to the whole
population.
Since Hasty Generalization is committed when the sample is too small, it is important to have samples that are large enough when making a
generalization. The most reliable way to do this is to take as large a sample as is practical. If the population in question were not very diverse then
a very small sample would suffice. If the population were very diverse then a fairly large sample would be needed. The size of the sample also
depends on the size of the population. A Hasty Generalization, like any fallacy, might have a true conclusion. However, as long as the reasoning is
fallacious there is no reason to accept the conclusion based on that People often commit Hasty Generalizations because of bias or prejudice. People
also commonly commit Hasty Generalizations because of laziness or sloppiness. It is very easy to simply leap to a conclusion and much harder to
gather an adequate sample and draw a justified conclusion. Therefore, avoiding this fallacy requires minimizing the influence of bias and taking care to
select a sample that is large enough.
A great example of this fallacy that everyone has probably experienced is when a teenager is talking to their parent and says, "But why can't

Is Generalization Good Or Bad
What is Generalization? By definition it means "A written or spoken statement in which you say or write that something is true all of the time when
it is only true some of the time. " Can generalization be good or bad? While some agree to disagree, it all depends on the perspective of one's
psychological thinking. Using our thinking it can help us understand how one thinks and sees what another feels and thinks. Generalization is
something that can manipulate us in many different ways, that can tear relationships apart. Can it be used for good?, or is it always bad? An example
can be how some women can take a single mans action and use it against all men. Some have many sides where some only have one side. Many
people think that just... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
When a Christian couple is united then they have a strong foundation with God. WIth the Faith and unconditional Love from God they wont be in
doubt. There won't be any temptation between the two. When having trust in God there is no need to turn to someone else. As soon as someone
feeds into temptation, thats when they start to loose their foundation. Pulling each other part from one another. The Screw Tape Letters are about
being pulled away from God by temptation. Sometimes we seem like we are close to God when we aren't as close as we should be. We only want
God when it's Convenient and not when He's needed. We do many things that are reckless and don't think about the outcome. We enjoy the reckless
feelings of harming ourselves and sometimes others. We feel the need that just because we did one thing bad and got away with it that we can keep
doing it. For an example relationships, if he or she cheats and the spouse doesnt catch them then we can keep doing it. Wrong, If you keep doing it
then sooner or later they will get caught. Once they get caught, then the spouse who kept showing unconditional love will never see you the same. If
things get broken off between the two then the person who got hurt will be afraid to go back at it and trust another

Examples Of Fallacy Of Hasty Generalization
1.Please re–examine the way the conclusion was written. Is the statement of the conclusion biased? Is the definition of the key terms neutral and
acceptable? Or is it controversial? Is there a need to revise the statement of the conclusion?
The way the conclusion was written is unbiased for it was clearly presented and stated. The terms are evidently defined as well and so, no further
revision of the conclusion is needed.
2.Next, re–examine the claim of the conclusion: If it is an empirical generalization, then challenge it by demanding the required evidence for many,
most or all claim in the premises set. If the required evidence for the generalization was not offered in the premise set, then reject the argument for
having committed ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
You know that generalizations can be challenged by citing that the observed cases are not representative of the population or that the sample is not
large enough, hence the fallacy of hasty generalization is made.
Premises 1, 2 and 3 prove the generalization since both were able to satisfy the requirement of the term "some" – that at least one reported case of a
child negatively affected by television viewing be presented. Hence, fallacy of hasty generalization is not made.
b. Another tactic is to demonstrate that the observed cases are biased because they were not observed in every possible variety of time, place and
circumstance and that a thorough search for counter examples was not done.
Unfortunately, there were no scientific studies presented about how people from different places around the world and how people from different age
groups respond to the effects of television watching. The genetic makeup of people varies hence, the conclusion may not be true to some.
c. Then, to clinch your point, produce the counter example. Caution: a counter example applies only to an all claim; but very few are aware of this.
You could use this to your advantage. In contrast, to challenge a most claim you need many counter

Theme Of Holy Water By Joan Didion
Bella DeLeon
Instructor Westmoreland
ENGL 1321–16
September 8, 2017 Holy Water "Water is important to people who do not have it, and the same is true to control," (Didion). The article, "Holy
Water" by Joan Didion draws parallelism to the controlling or lack of control of water by metaphorically comparing water to life. Analyzing the
possibility of how people are taking water for granted, especially where rainfall is extremely sparse, Didion touches on how supply and demand of a
natural resource is solely dependent on its availability and whether or not it is immediately needed. Didion's use of tone, appealing to emotions,
gathering the audience to develop a trust, and providing a direct insight into her purpose allows the reader to recognize the importance water has within
the planet.
Didion's slight infatuation with water seems to be based on her own experiences in which she serves as testimonial evidence. "As it happens my own
reverence for water has always taken the form of this constant meditation upon where the water is, of an obsessive interest not in the politics of water
but in the waterworks themselves, in the movement of water through aqueducts and siphons and pumps and forebays and afterbays and weirs and
drains, in plumbing on the grand scale," (Didion). Therefore, her thesis remains strong and reliable, providing a further understanding to the reason
why water should have importance to the world and to the individual. Additionally, drawing on the possible comparison that maybe water is a
reference to the life of a person can provide an idea that life is just as uncontrollable when it is not being managed. Her tone exemplifies her certainty
into how water gathers from the world and the neglectful actions can cause hardship to society.
Water is not the same and the brilliance of water will never be from one direct location. The comparison of water to the life of a person provides an
idea that the uncontrollable nature of water serves as a premise for life. According to the reference text in regard to premises, "The joining of two
premises–two statements taken to be true–to produce a conclusion, a third statement, is a syllogism" (Barnet, Bedau and O'Hara). Didion's use of a
syllogism allows

Analysis Of The Horizontal Word By Debra Marquart
The Horizontal Word, written by Debra Marquart, was a memoir to North Dakota and the Midwest where she states, "The Midwest is a place
that's been considered devoid of stories, a flyover region one must endure to get to more interesting places" (Marquart 31). In her memoir to the
Midwest, she gives descriptive views that many Americans have surrounding the Midwest. Marquart also gives a description of the Midwest's
history and even how many people overlooked the Midwest as they declared the region "a dreary plain, wholly unfit for cultivation," and, of course,
"uninhabitable by people depending upon agriculture for subsistence"(Marquart 39). Debra Marquart expands off the idea of how the Midwest was
overlooked by including her grandparents' views as they that were immigrants from Russia. They saw the Midwest as a new opportunity of life and
they were excited to receive their "allotments of land"(Marquart 73). In Debra Marquart's memoir, The Horizontal Word, she utilizes hasty
generalizations to outline the stereotypes of the Midwest, and she also incorporates allusions to give outsiders a clear picture of this portion of the
United States.
Marquart incorporates hasty generalizations in her memoir to display the views that Americans have surrounding the Midwest. Marquart states "where
all the women are strong, all the men are good–looking, and all the children are above average"(Marquart 27). She is utilizing hasty generalizations to
display the stereotypes that surround the Midwest. By Marquart stating "where all the women are strong" she is display hasty generalizations as not
every woman who is from the Midwest is strong (Marquart). She also exhibits hasty generalizations when she incorporates "all the men are
good–looking, and all the children are above average" (Marquart). When she utilizes the word "all" this makes this hasty generalization as not all men in
the Midwest are handsome and not every child is above average. Marquart also utilizes hasty generalization when she incorporates "TV news anchors
hail from this part of the world, as do the most innocent female characters in movies and prime–time TV dramas. Being blond, fresh–faced, and
Midwestern makes their descent into ruthless behavior in

What Strategy Is More Effective When Teaching Speech?
What strategy is more effective when teaching speech?
Bay Path University
SPE 609 Supervision II
October 14, 2015
Suhail Aponte
Generalization is the inclination for the conditioned stimulus to induce a similar response after the response has been conditioned. According to Stokes
& Baer (1977), generalization is a natural outcome of behavior change. Stimulus generalization can happen with classical and operant conditioning.
Generalization is an essential concern in Applied Behavior Analysis. One must understand that generalization does not automatically occur. Stokes &
Baer (1977), listed nine generalization techniques (1) train and hope, (2) Sequential modification, (3) introduce to natural maintaining contingencies,
(4) train sufficient exemplars, (5) training loosely, (6) use indiscriminate contingencies, (7) program common stimuli, (8) mediate generalization and (9)
train to generalize. Behavior Analyst hopes that generalization occurs with their clients, which is possible if you apply one of the strategies that Stokes
& Baer suggest. Therefore, which strategy is most effective when generalizing speech?
Ward & Ward Stare (1990), conducted a study on four girls and 8 boys who were randomly selected. Each participant participated in one group that
worked on academics, craft and or free play for one hour each day. A token reinforcement was put into place, which consisted of receiving a puppy
stamps that could be exchanged for a box of crayons. The

Luther's Generalization Strategy
Identify some strategies you might implement to promote generalization for Luther based on your previously identified procedures for changing his
behavior
Generalization, a generic term for a diversity of behavioral methods and behavior modification outcomes (Cooper, et al., 2014). A procedure where the
target behavior happens within sight of antecedent stimuli the indicated is comparable somehow to the discriminative stimulus that introduces when
the behavior reinforced. Also, generalization likewise construes as the occurrence of a target behavior in an uneasiness circumstance following training
(Miltenberger, 2015, p. 395).
A strategy one might utilize to promote generalization in Luther's case comprises of first reinforcing instances of the behavior in other settings
/situations. For instance, one could ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
On the off chance reinforcement for the behavior in germane situations outside the training, and circumstances is not possible, it is pertinent that
natural reinforcers be present (Miltenberger, 2015, p.397). As in evaluating functional communication training with Luther with Alzheimer's. Luther's
challenging behavior maintained through attention and elopement. His problem reduced when he learned to ask for attention and succor using
assistive communication devices. Hence, generalization ensued when he continually uses the communication responses in the facility environment,
and the nursing staff and other clients responded to his demand through conveying what he was asking. Generalization ensued as Luther query depicted
on a natural contingency of reinforcement (Miltenberger, 2015, p.397). One should strive to instruct aptitudes, which will contact natural contingencies
of reinforcement, which may not always be conceivable (Miltenberger, 2015, p. 399). Thus, other generalization methods should take into consideration
(Miltenberger, 2015, p.

The Effects Of Stereotypes
The various sources of media have the very important task of communicating information from one source to another without losing the element of
truth and accuracy. Recently, The media in the form of newspapers and internet articles look at many issues from only one perspective in order to
avoid confusion. While simplicity is often preferred and enjoyed by the audience, it has negative effects that can impact the understanding of a topic.
When the media talks about occurring events in South America or the Middle East, sources use easy to understand, eye catching titles to grab people's
attention. This method can keep things simple but can also make the topic contain a bias towards a specific opinion that eventually leads to the creation
of stereotypes ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The third source "Economic Disadvantage, Status Generalization, and Negative Racial Stereotyping by White Americans" Written by Timothy Brezina
and Kenisha Winder also talks about the impact of generalizing and stereotyping within America. It describes how even though the African American
middle class has grown and prospered over the past. As stated by the source, "Negative racial stereotypes still affect the lives of African Americans in
the United States" (Brezina and Kenisha). This piece talks about the issues of negative racial stereotyping and like Aslan's interview, uses lots of
statistics and facts from research to strengthen his argument. The economic biased associated with African Americans speaks about the relation
between the characteristics of a group, such as race and culture, and how society's deems them less worthy than other individuals with different

Cultural Misconceptions In The Outliers, By Joyce Gladwell
Joyce Gladwell, the daughter of a Jamaican schoolteacher, beat all odds throughout her life. Her most life–changing moments include acquiring a
scholarship to a boarding school and another to University College. However, as her son Malcolm Gladwell puts it, this "leaves out [her] many
opportunities and the importance of her cultural legacy" (Gladwell, 272). First, Joyce was the perfect age when the Jamaican government began
giving out scholarships. Second, she didn't even win the scholarship but, received it because another girl mistakenly got two. Lastly, Joyce Gladwell
had a much lighter skin tone for her race. At that time, the lighter a woman's skin was the higher her position in society was. Joyce describes herself
as "the wounded representative of the negro race..." (Gladwell, 284). However, her fair skin was just one of the many opportunities gifted to her.
Malcolm Gladwell, her son, discusses this in his publication, Outliers. The Outliers argues that success does not stem from an individual's actions alone
. He supports this claim by disputing common hasty generalizations, and analyzes societal bandwagon appeals.Gladwell's purpose is to explain the
many paths to success in order to highlight societal misconceptions. A critical and impartial tone is acquired to reach anyone interested in the science
of achievement. This tone is necessary to successfully unveil the truth about success.
In his book, Gladwell scrutinizes the hasty generalization that success is merely

Гўв‚¬Вў Explain The Difference Between Stimulus Generalization...
The two types of generalization are stimulus generalization and response generalization. Stimulus generalization is the transfer of treatment effects
across different stimuli not previously associated with the contingency while response generalization refers to the ability to use novel responses not
previously taught, reinforced, or associated with the stimuli.
In stimulus generalization, generalization occurs in presence of untrained but similar stimuli; an antecedent stimulus has a history of evoking a
response that has been reinforced in its presence, the same type of behavior tends to be evoked by stimuli that share similar physical properties with
the controlling antecedent stimulus. The more similar two stimuli are the more likely stimulus generalization will occur. For example, you teach a
child to say hello to his friend, Jacob, and he then begins to say hello to other people as well. In response generalization, an individual displays a
variation of the previously taught behavior in the presence of the original SD. It is the extent to which an individual displays untrained responses that
are functionally similar to the trained behavior but may have a different ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
I want this child to mand in the presence of many people so I have to make sure that I have many different people teaching him. At home, I will make
sure his parents, grandparents, and siblings teach the child to mand appropriately instead of giving into his whining; it would not be effective if only
mom or grandma does it. At school, I would use all available staff. I will make sure that all his teachers and aids take turns teaching the same thing to
him across the day. It is also important to make sure that all the teachers that would be in contact with the child are trained on the manding

Stereotypes
Stereotypes are everywhere and can be about anyone. Generalized remarks about gender, sexual orientation, religion, ethnicity or age are common
forms of stereotyping. Any time someone makes hasty groupings whether by race, gender or an individual and makes a blanket judgment about them
is stereotyping. Military members are no different than society. One of the military's greatest assets is its diverse workforce but with diversity comes
stereotypes. As a woman in the military, I frequently encounter stereotypes and have made hasty conclusions about others. This paper will discuss a
few stereotypes that I have faced in the military.
Women have been serving honorably in the military for centuries; yet, the some of the stereotypes still ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
When women feel unnecessarily grouped as less committed, their commitment can fall based on lack of trust of their leadership. This feeling will
follow them and they may even start to stereotype all men in the military as only promoting and caring for the males within an organization. Also,
men who already believed women were inferior to men in the military easily agreed with my supervisors stereotype (Ditto, 2011). According to
Kemick (2010)," People are more likely to be aggressive after they've faced prejudice in a given situation," says Inzlict" (p.1).
Recently with Don't Ask Don't Tell being repealed, many generalizations have been made about males in the military who have feminine traits and
must be gay. The argument is that male flight attendants have feminine traits, a male with feminine traits are gay, so male flight attendants are gay. This
fallacy is clearly Begs the Question fallacy. "Often this kind of reasoning is criticized as "circular reasoning," in that the premise that supports the
conclusion is in turn supported by the conclusion, and thus goes in a circle" (Mosser, 2011, Sec 4.2). This argument is flawed because I know many
male flight attendants in the military who are married with children. They have more feminine traits because they were raised by their mother,
grandmother and sisters rather than a strong male figure. This type of prejudice can lead to some males picked on or singled out by other aircrew
because of their

Ponyboy Stereotypes
Who Is Ponyboy Imagine being dim–witted, stealing and carrying blades everywhere you go, and being unable to feel deeply, those words would make
people think of Greasers. Most people when they think of gangs they think, that they fight, steal, and do not care about what is going on around them.
Those statements that Greaser's and other assortments of gangs are brainless, criminals, and unfeeling may not be true, Ponyboy, the main character in
S.E. Hinton's book The Outsiders, opposes all of those statements.
When people hear Greaser they think of them as not being very smart. This stereotype may have come from how most Greasers have dropped out of
school, but Ponyboy is still in school and doing well. Ponyboy has also proved time and time again the he is smart, for example, "I'm not like them.
Nobody in our gang digs movies and books the way I do (Hinton 2)", that quote from Ponyboy represents that he cares about literature. Greasers
also do not have a lot of money, so they cannot get into colleges unlike the Socs. However, Ponyboy's goal is to make it into college, he is a good
writer, as shown in the book, and even if his grades do not get him into college, he could get a track scholarship. It could also be said that Greasers
are not well read, because in that quote it says that the other Greasers do not like books. Ponyboy on the other hand, he loves to read, and another
character, Johnny, has an insightful take on Gone With The Wind. It is very clear that generalizing

Hasty Generalization Fallacy
Fallacies are an error in reasoning, a fault in one's argument that does not have the correct evidence or facts. Fallacies are something that we
commit since we were young kids, arguing with your brothers or sisters and into our adulthood arguing with our spouse or trying to make a point
in our career fields. Many of us even commit these fallacies without realizing what we are doing, it is a learning progress for many to realize and
understand when we are using fallacy and trigger our brain to think in a different way to avoid the trickiness of fallacies. One fallacy that could be
tricky and easy to use daily would be Hasty Generalizations, which is a fallacy that is based on assumption, which we all know we have done at
some point in our lives and can see how easy it could be to use as an automatic reaction.
Hasty Generalization according to UNC is "Making assumption about a whole group or range of cases based on a sample that is inadequate
stereotypes about people" When committing a Hasty Generalization fallacy, you are assuming a conclusion or assuming that one thing is the same as
all of them in a group without knowing the proper facts to back up why your conclusion is correct. You take your own perspective on a subject and
assume you know it all without doing the proper research to prove to someone else that you do actually know it all. During a debate with a colleague
or just a person in your family you both have had a different experience so you both are convincing

Examples Of Ponyboy In The Outsiders
Who Is Ponyboy Imagine being dumb, stealing and carrying blades everywhere you go, and being unable to feel deeply, those words would make
people think of Greasers. Most people when they think of gangs they think, that they fight, steal, and do not care about what is going on around them.
Those statements that Greaser's and other assortments of gangs are dumb, criminals, and unfeeling may not be true, Ponyboy, the main character in
S.E. Hinton's book The Outsiders, opposes all of those statements.
When people hear Greaser they think of them as not being very smart. This stereotype may have come from how most Greasers have dropped out of
school, but Ponyboy is still in school and doing well. Ponyboy has also proved time and time again the he is smart, for example, "I'm not like them.
Nobody in our gang digs movies and books the way I do (Hinton 2)", that quote from Ponyboy represents that he cares about literature. Greasers
also do not have a lot of money, so they can not get into colleges unlike the socs. However, Ponyboy's goal is to make it into college, he is good
writer, as shown in the book, and even if his grades do not get him into college, he could get a track scholarship. It could also be said that Greasers
are not well read, because in that quote it says that the other Greasers do not like books. Ponyboy on the other hand loves to read, and another
character, Johnny, has an insightful take on Gone With The Wind. It is very clear that generalizing Greasers as the

Spanking And Its Effect On Children
ALIDITY AND RELIABILITY2 Spanking as a way to punish children is a heated debate that does not appear to have an end in sight. The people
on both sides of the issue have very strong opinions and do not seem to want to entertain the idea that the other side could be correct. This is
generally how debates work, but one concern that is often not looked at is whether the claims from either side are valid and reliable. Anyone can
make claims and find evidence for those claims, but the evidence may not be sound and therefore not useful. If we want our arguments to mean
something we need to use evidence that is both valid and reliable. Lee et al. argue that spanking can lead to increased aggression in children ages one
to five. They set out to determine if there is a correlation between maternal warmth and spanking in regards to childhood aggression (Lee). While I
think this study is a great start to research on spanking and aggression, the methods are far from perfect. This has an effect on the overall reliability
and validity of the research and the impact of the findings. The participants (mothers only) in this study also participated the in Fragile Families and
Child Wellbeing Study (FFCWS). The authors admit that using participants who were also involved in the FFCWS study meant that they were getting
an over–represented of self identified black (49%) and Hispanic (26%) mothers (Lee). There was also an over–representation of non–marital births
where

Teens And The Media Essay
Portrayal of Teens in the Media
The media, that giant intimidating creation has taken the stereotypes of teens, the way people view teens, and the way we view ourselves, and has
turned it into a delusional monster. The media at this point in time portrays teenagers as generally bad. Well to be honest, not generally bad, but mostly
horrible. We are seen as the cause for alarm and trouble in society. The media portrays us as manic delinquents with no solid past and no concrete future.
The main points of teenagers that are warped into a lie are appearance and generalization of actions. The media spreads the idea that just because some
teens choose to get more piercing done, or a tattoo, or decide to get a different hair color that it is ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Teenagers are seen as immature and with no future. But are we not more mature than our adult role models by not generalizing about them?
I admit that I personally know a few people that have made some choices that have resulted in jail sentences and other consequences. Just because
there are a few teenagers like that does not mean that we are all alike in that aspect. Another misconception about teenagers is that the inner city or
black teens are involved in gangs. This is one of the lowest and cheapest misinterpretations. Generalizing by race and where people live (and in turn
generalizing because of social class) makes me sick. I see this as a pitiful portrayal and a complete lie.
The media also portrays teens as spending their time doing nothing. They put us in shows and in commercials in groups of three or four, complete with
the previously discussed tattoos and loose pants, just sitting around doing nothing. They send the message across that we are basically just a
"crime waiting to happen." Which is not the case. About 98% of the teens I know responsibly arrange and map out their plans. Very few of
them sit around with no job waiting to do something wrong. Another part of this misinterpretation is the attitude of teenagers in general. The media
portrays general teenage attitude (which is portrayed as hating all forms of authority and not wanting to listen to anyone) as going hand in hand with
crime and delinquency.
On a

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