This presentation is part of my academic activity.

1. Architaba Gohil
Paper 12 English language teaching and learning
Topic : Bilingualism
Year 2016-18
Maharaja Krishnakumarsinhji Bhavnagar
University

2. • A bilingual individual is someone who has an ability to
communicate in two languages alternately.

3. Bidialectual
• someone can communicate in more than two dialects of
the same languages
• E.g. Cantonese and Putonghua for a Chinese speaker.

4. •Biscriptural
Biscriptural competence is the ability to read more than one
script of the language
E.g. the Chinese language can be written both in new
simplified script and traditional complex script.

5. Simultaneous bilingualism
• Simultaneous bilingualism refers to the acquisition of
two languages at the same time.
• If two languages are acquired below three years old, then
it is considered simultaneous bilingualism.

6. Successive bilingualism
• Successive bilingualism refers to the acquisition of one
language after another.
• If the learner only starts learning the L2 after three years
old then it is defined as successive bilingualism

7. Additive Bilingualism
• If becoming bilingual helps learner to help to develop positive
attitude toward native languages and themselves is called additive
bilingualism.

8. Subtractive bilingualism
• If learner develop negative attitude towards their own language in
the process of becoming bilingual, then it is called subtractive
bilingualism